法蘭盤技工的回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺外文翻譯

1、本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）專業(yè)外文翻譯原 文：Design and research direction of the rotary table 譯 文：回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的設(shè)計(jì)與研究方向 指導(dǎo)教師 ： 王宇平 職稱： 副教授 學(xué)生姓名 ： 張志凱 學(xué)號： 1002130317 專 業(yè) ： 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動化 院（系） ： 機(jī)電工程學(xué)院 2014年3月20日Design and research direction of the rotary tableAbstract：this paper introduces the basic content and the principle of the r

2、otary table design, put forward the research direction of the rotary table, broaden the design idea of designer.Improve the efficiency of the rotary table design, shorten the development cycle of new type rotary table, through the study of this article is for the quality of products of pre-assessmen

3、t, determine the scope of the production and processing of precision index provides an important basis.Keywords：rotary table；design and research；new ideas；developments0 IntroductionOn April 11 to 16, 2011, the theme of science and technology innovation to meet the crisis generation of the 12th China

4、 international machine tool exhibition (CIMT2011) was held in Beijing. In an economic crisis haze dissipating, slow recovery under the background of international economy, Chinas economy healthy and rapid development pattern, is attracting more and more attention. In this exhibition, the knowledge o

5、f machine tools, tools, manufacturing enterprises at home and abroad Gather in Beijing, as the economic crisis after the baptism of machinery industry brought a feast full of imagination and creativity of science and technology. Is the exhibition of machine tool accessories exhibition In terms of pr

6、oduct, high efficiency, high precision, high reliability, high life still is to develop the theme of pursuit. As for the machine tool accessories rotary table is no exception. Rotary table is divided into indexing table, and rotary table. Indexing table can only be completed dividing movement, there

7、 is no function of feed. Can be used with work as a whole, can also be used alone. Common positioning pin and rat tooth plate; Nc rotary table is the ideal matching accessories of all kinds of CNC milling machine and machining center. Turn back to the table design Process includeThe basic types of r

8、otary table s not only the mechanical drive mechanism, and it also involves the mechanical and electrical control system, the design idea of the two parts as the demand of the market and customers, constantly update and perfect, therefore, the design and research direction of the rotary table direct

9、ly affect the benefit and the rise and fall of the turntable production enterprises. 1 The basic types of rotary table 1.1General turntable Rotary table is boring machine, drilling machine, milling machine and the slotting machine, and other important accessories, used for processing and there is a

10、requirement for dividing hole, slot and slope, turn the workbench when processing, can be processing arc surface and groove, etc. According to the structure is divided into different levels turntable general turntable, lie the turntable and universal turntable. (1) water flat turntable: on the frust

11、um of a cone with central hole workpiece positioning and clamping with T slots. Mesa engraved with 360 on the outer periphery of uniform scribed line. Mesa between base and a worm pole - worm gear pair, ratio of 90:1 or 120:1, to drive and dividing, worm out from base with dial and segment at the en

12、d of the handwheel. Turn the handwheel to drive mesa, and the mesa cylindrical week scale (in degrees) and subdivision dial readout rotation Angle. Dividing accuracy is commonly + 60 . Levels turntable worm out side can also be used coupling connected to machine transmission device, in order to real

13、ize the dynamic drive.(2) lie turntable, the base has two perpendicular installation base, make mesa can be level Also can be vertically.(3) the universal turret: mesa can be within the scope of 0 90 inclined at any Angle, make the workpiece at any Angle of space can be accurately adjusted. 1.2 prec

14、ision turntablePrecision turntable Used for processing or Angle measurement on precision machine tools. Common optical turntable, digital display turntable and super precision contrate gear plate of turntable.Optical rotary table: (1) on the spindle is equipped with glass or metal precision dial, th

15、e optical system to subdivide scale, amplification, through the eyepiece or screen Angle value.(2) digital turntable: mounted on the turntable spindle precision circular grating or round inductosyn and display unit by the number of words the Angle value. The above two precision turntable dividing pr

16、ecision up to + / - 1 .(3) the ultra-precision end tooth disc turntable: use a pair of precision of research on 1440, 720 or 360 tooth face tooth disc dividing positioning, the indexing accuracy up to + / - 0.01 , make a precise Angle measurement. 2 The design parameters and the working principle of

17、 rotary tableRotary table design parameters include: rotary table, table size, total table high degree, bearing table, feed speed, turning back to speed range, fast speed rotary speed, electric power, rotary table, dividing precision and measurement system, etc. This study is based on mechanism of s

18、haanxi institute of technology laboratory of general rotary work Stage, through to tear open outfit, clear the turntable within the department of mechanical transmission mechanism, it is a mesa, pedestal, worm gear, worm, positioning3 Rotary table of research ideas and methodsRotary precision of the

19、 rotary table is a main technical bottlenecks, if technology and breakthrough in the continent before it has problems, design and manufacture of our country turntable will by manufacturing power to manufacturing power transformation of a major step forward.3.1 mechanical partsMainly the mesa rotary

20、table with body contact structure design and optimization, generally adopts the sliding and rolling two ways; Second worm and worm wheel design and optimization. In short, the mechanical design involves the various parts of the turntable and parts of process structure, mechanical properties and move

21、ment characteristics, etc. Our basic CAD/CAM/CAE technique was used to realize, such as using Pro/E5.0, SolidWorks, CAXA three-dimensional parameterized modeling software to a part of the rotary table zero structure simulation design and research; By using Pro/E5.0, MasterCAMX to make the simulation

22、 of machining parts and nc code generation, etc.; Using ANASYS parts for various parts for the turntable mechanical performance analysis, further optimize the structure of the process.3.2 control partTurntable control system design is also a key technical problems, implementation approach are: PLC c

23、ontrol system, single-chip microcomputer control system and industrial control system, three categories. Turn our manufacturing control system in the manual, mechanical and electrical automation, digital control stage of development, is climb the new peak, are at a higher level of information contro

24、l intelligent direction development. Intelligent machine research and development and extensive application, will promote the rapid, healthy and sustainable development of turntable industry in China, and lead a profound change in the future manufacturing, turn back to the workbench products with ne

25、w image and concept to attract the customers is the focus of every enterprise instead.3.3 rotary table of green manufacturing design and manufacture of rotary table should also adopt a variety of energy conservation and emissions reduction technology, to the userAnd advocating the meaning of low car

26、bon and green manufacturing way. Traditional thinking and the change of production pattern is experiencing a deep carved, more and more machine tool accessories manufacturing enterprises have to shoulder social morality and responsibility given by the low carbon way, step into the governance and dev

27、elopment of the road of scientific development, a green industry Revolution is here is machine tool industry rise. Through technical innovation, process optimization, reduce material and oil-water separation automatic recovery, dust collection and recycling, self-lubricating material application, su

28、ch as less oil lubrication technology measures to reduce emissions, reduce the impact on the environment.4 ConclusionThe equipment manufacturing industry is the cornerstone of a countrys industry, it is a new technology, the development of new products, and provided an important means of modern indu

29、strial production, is an indispensable strategic industries.Even the developed industrialized countries, also attaches great importance to.Mechanical, electrical and data processing system and the combination of numerical control technology, leading the new production and processing.In 2011, is Chin

30、as first year of twelfth five-year plan. Twelve five period, I have to to the national economy in various fields to carry out the scientific outlook on development as the theme, to speed up the transformation of the mode of economic development as the main line, in-depth technical innovation and dev

31、elopment mode change. Rotary table no longer so machinery, become more and more Bright, let us together look forward to the birth of intelligent rotary work table! Reference1 Cui Xufang, zhou, the principle of nc rotary table and design J, brick and tile, 2008, NO. 6:23-27;2 Zhao Qun, processing cen

32、ter of rotary table parts structure analysis J, equipment design and maintenance, 2002, NO. 5:35-36;3 Yang jian, Liu Hu, dividing the experience of using rotary table J, machinery manufacturing, 1998, NO. But - 6;4 Yang Chunhua, Xu Yaokun, general improvement of rotary table J, motorcycle technology

33、, 2003, NO. So - 27;5 Sun Dezhou, double wedge ring - a new type of rotary table ball positioning J, technology and equipment, 2005, NO. 4:8 2-84;6 JiaoZhiXian Gu Ruihua, rotary table index J, for the improvement of mechanical technicians, 1995, NO. I - 23.7 Yang Huizhong, large rotary table in the

34、installation and debugging of error separation and compensation technology research J, machinery, VOL32, NO. Did - 24;8 PangZhiWei, CNC boring machine adjustment J rotary table maintenance, equipment management and maintenance, 2007, NO. 59 3:59 -;9Chen Jiangang, the rotary table control system base

35、d on programmable controller design J, machinery manufacturing, 2008 46-48 (1) : 36 to 39.10 De Garmo EP, Black JT. Material and manufacturing process. Prentice - Hall, New York, 195711 Shigley JE. Mechanical engineering design. McGraw Hill, New York, 198612 the knowledge of the five-axis linkage CN

36、C machine tools, machine 66 navigation network, 2007-12-28;13 five-axis linkage CNC machine tools for die &mold the significance of (a), good mechanical and electrical network, the 2007-12-05; 14Hwang,JiSeon,PhD.Five-axisNCmachiningofcompoundsculpturedsurfacesM.P URDUEUNIVERSITY,1997.回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的設(shè)計(jì)與研究方向摘要

37、：本文主要介紹了回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺設(shè)計(jì)的基本內(nèi)容和思路，提出了回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的研究方向，拓寬了設(shè)計(jì)人員的設(shè)計(jì)思路。提高了回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺設(shè)計(jì)的效率，縮短了新型回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的開發(fā)周期。通過本文的研究也為產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的預(yù)評價、確定生產(chǎn)加工的精度指標(biāo)范圍提供了重要依據(jù)。關(guān)鍵詞：回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺；設(shè)計(jì)與研究；新思路；發(fā)展動態(tài)0 引言 2011 年 4 月 11 日至 16 日，主題為“以科技創(chuàng)新迎接后危機(jī)時代”的第十二屆中國國際機(jī)床展覽會(CIMT2011)在北京隆重舉行。 在 經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)陰霾逐漸消散、國際經(jīng)濟(jì)緩慢回暖的背景下 ，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)健康、 快速的發(fā)展模式，正在吸引越來越多的目光。 在本屆展會上，國內(nèi)外知名機(jī)床、工具制造企業(yè)云集

38、北京，為經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)洗禮后的機(jī)械產(chǎn)業(yè)帶來了一場充滿想象力與創(chuàng)造力的科技盛宴。 就本屆展覽會的機(jī)床附件展 品而言，高效率、高精度、高可靠性、高壽命仍然是開發(fā)追求的主題。作為機(jī)床附件的回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺也不例外?；剞D(zhuǎn)工作臺分為分度工作臺和數(shù) 控回轉(zhuǎn)臺。分度工作臺只能完成分度運(yùn)動，沒有進(jìn)給功能?？梢耘c工作臺作為一個整體使用，也可以單獨(dú)使用。常見的有定位銷式和鼠齒盤 式；數(shù)控回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺是各類數(shù)控銑床和加工中心的理想配套附件。回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺設(shè)計(jì)過程不僅包括機(jī)械傳動機(jī)構(gòu)，而且也涉及機(jī)電控制系統(tǒng)，這兩部分的設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容隨著市場和客戶的需求，不斷地更新和完善，因此，回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的設(shè)計(jì)與研究方向直接影響轉(zhuǎn)臺生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的效益與興亡。1

39、回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的基本類型 1.1 通用轉(zhuǎn)臺 回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺是鏜床、鉆床、銑床和插床等重要附件 ，用于加工有分度要求的孔、槽和斜面，加工時轉(zhuǎn)動工作臺，則可加工圓弧面和圓弧槽等。通用轉(zhuǎn)臺按結(jié)構(gòu)不同又可分為水平轉(zhuǎn)臺、立臥轉(zhuǎn)臺和萬能轉(zhuǎn)臺。（1）水平轉(zhuǎn)臺 ：在圓臺面上有工件定位用的中心孔和夾緊用的T型槽。 臺面外圓周上刻有360的等分刻線 。臺面與底座之間設(shè)有蝸桿-蝸輪副，速比為 90:1 或 120:1，用以傳動和分度,蝸桿從底座伸出的一端裝有細(xì)分刻度盤和手輪。 轉(zhuǎn)動手輪即可驅(qū)動臺面 ，并由臺面外圓 周上的刻度（以度為單位）與細(xì)分刻度盤讀出旋轉(zhuǎn)角度。 分度精度一般 為60。水平轉(zhuǎn)臺的蝸桿伸出端也可用聯(lián)軸器與機(jī)

40、床傳動裝置聯(lián)接，以實(shí)現(xiàn)動力驅(qū)動。（2）立臥轉(zhuǎn)臺：底座有兩個相互垂直的安裝基面 ，使臺面既可水平也可垂直放置。（3）萬能轉(zhuǎn)臺：臺面可以在 090范圍內(nèi)傾斜任意角度，使工件空間的任何角度都能準(zhǔn)確調(diào)整。1.2 精密轉(zhuǎn)臺精密轉(zhuǎn)臺用于在精密機(jī)床上加工或角度計(jì)量.常見有光學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)臺、數(shù)顯轉(zhuǎn)臺和超精密端面齒盤轉(zhuǎn)臺。（1）光學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)臺：主軸上裝有玻璃或金屬精密刻度盤 ，經(jīng)光學(xué)系統(tǒng)將刻度細(xì)分、放大，通過目鏡或光屏讀出角度值。（2）數(shù)顯轉(zhuǎn)臺：轉(zhuǎn)臺主軸上裝有精密圓光柵或圓感應(yīng)同步器 ，由數(shù)字顯示裝置讀出角度值。上述兩種精密轉(zhuǎn)臺的分度精度最高可達(dá)1。（3）超精密端面齒盤轉(zhuǎn)臺：利用一對經(jīng)過精密對研的 1440 齒、720 齒或

41、 360 齒的端面齒盤分度定位,其分度精度最高可達(dá)0.01，作精密角度計(jì)量用。2 回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)及工作原理 回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)包括：回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺、臺面尺寸、工作臺總高 度、工作臺承重、進(jìn)給速度、回轉(zhuǎn)速度范圍、快速回轉(zhuǎn)速度 、電機(jī)功率 、回轉(zhuǎn)臺分度精度及測量系統(tǒng)等。 本次研究的基礎(chǔ)是陜西理工學(xué)院機(jī)制實(shí)驗(yàn)室的普通回轉(zhuǎn)工作 臺 ，通過對其進(jìn)行拆裝研究 ，理清了轉(zhuǎn)臺的內(nèi)部機(jī)械傳動機(jī)構(gòu)，它是有臺面、臺座、蝸輪、蝸桿、定位元件及手輪等相關(guān)元件組成。 其中，傳動機(jī)構(gòu)的關(guān)鍵部件就是蝸輪與蝸桿，當(dāng)然蝸桿在 臺座的一側(cè)有預(yù)留的孔 道 ，安裝時直 接旋入即可 ，蝸輪一般與臺面采用螺栓連接，而且之間不能又相互運(yùn)

42、動。 注意在裝配蝸輪蝸桿機(jī)構(gòu)時， 首先應(yīng)該安放蝸輪與臺面的連接體 ，再旋入蝸桿 ，如果安裝次序顛倒將無法正確裝配。 假設(shè)當(dāng)使用電機(jī)驅(qū)動時，電機(jī)軸每轉(zhuǎn)動 40 轉(zhuǎn)，蝸輪軸轉(zhuǎn)動1轉(zhuǎn)，即蝸桿蝸輪副的傳動比為 40：1。如果使用手柄 ，手柄轉(zhuǎn)40 圈，分度主軸轉(zhuǎn)過一圈。 因此分度手柄轉(zhuǎn)一圈，主軸轉(zhuǎn)：360o/40=9。 于是就知道手柄的轉(zhuǎn)數(shù) n 與工作臺的旋轉(zhuǎn)角度 的關(guān)系式：工作臺轉(zhuǎn)角以“度”為單位是：n=/9轉(zhuǎn)；工作臺轉(zhuǎn)角以“分”為單位是：n=/（960）轉(zhuǎn)；工作臺轉(zhuǎn)角以“秒”為單位是：n=/（96060）轉(zhuǎn)。3 回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的研究思路及手段 回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的回轉(zhuǎn)精度是主要技術(shù)瓶頸問題 ，如果突破這具有前

43、 瞻性的重大技術(shù)問題，我們國家的轉(zhuǎn)臺設(shè)計(jì)制造將由會“制造大國”向 “制造強(qiáng)國” 的轉(zhuǎn)變邁進(jìn)了一大步。3.1 機(jī)械部分 主要是回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的臺面與臺身的接觸結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化 ，一般 采用滑動和滾動兩種方式；其次蝸輪蝸桿的設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化。 總之，機(jī)械部 分設(shè)計(jì)涉及到轉(zhuǎn)臺各部分的零部件的工藝結(jié)構(gòu) 、力學(xué)性能及運(yùn)動特性 等 。我們基本采用 CADCAMCAE 來 實(shí) 現(xiàn) ，例如采用Pro/E5.0、SolidWorks、CAXA 等三維參數(shù) 化 造型軟件對回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺的個部分零件進(jìn)行仿真設(shè)計(jì)與結(jié)構(gòu)研究 ；采用 Pro/E5.0、MasterCAMX 進(jìn)零件的仿真加工與數(shù)控代碼的生成等；采用 ANASYS 對轉(zhuǎn)臺各部分零件進(jìn)行力學(xué)性能分析，進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化其工藝結(jié)構(gòu)。3.2控制部分 系統(tǒng)、單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)及工控機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)三大類。 我國的轉(zhuǎn) 臺制造控制系統(tǒng)在經(jīng)歷了手動、機(jī)電液