九年級英語語法_句型與習(xí)題

1、.初中英語輔導(dǎo)網(wǎng) 初中英語語法 句型復(fù)習(xí)句型篇Brainstorm:在改寫句子的時(shí)候你能正確改寫否定句和疑問句嗎?你是不是總能在兩秒鐘里完成一個(gè)感嘆句和反意疑問句呢？一. 肯定句這部分我們在之前介紹動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)過了，你還記得嗎？二. 否定句改寫否定句時(shí)我們遵循“有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞后直接加not，沒有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，加入相應(yīng)助動(dòng)詞的否定態(tài)并將謂語動(dòng)詞還原”的規(guī)則。1I can swim.有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can所以直接在can后面加not就可以了。I cant swim.2I am a student.有be動(dòng)詞am所以在am后面加not。I am n

2、ot a student.3當(dāng)沒有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，我們用相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞幫助我們完成句子的否定含義?，F(xiàn)階段我們接觸到的助動(dòng)詞有do, does, did，也就是說我們要用他們的否定形式即dont, doesnt, didnt來幫助我們完成否定句。不要忘了將謂語動(dòng)詞還原哦！I like swimming.這句話是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而且主語是I所以應(yīng)該選取助動(dòng)詞do的否定形式dont。I dont like swimming.She goes to school by bus. 這句話也是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，但主語是She所以應(yīng)選取的助動(dòng)詞是does，并用其否定形式doesnt進(jìn)行否定，并將謂語動(dòng)詞goes還

3、原為go。She doesnt go to school by bus.I did my homework late yesterday.這句話是一般過去時(shí)，所以應(yīng)用助動(dòng)詞did的否定形式didnt進(jìn)行否定，并把謂語動(dòng)詞did還原為do。I didnt do my homework late yesterday.特別注意：如果肯定句中有some，and這種只能用于肯定句的詞匯時(shí)，在改否定句時(shí)，要把它們變?yōu)榭梢杂迷诜穸ň渲械腶ny和or。三. 疑問句1 一般疑問句A. 一般疑問句的問句一般疑問句問句的改寫遵循“有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞提前，沒有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，句首加入相

4、應(yīng)助動(dòng)詞并將謂語動(dòng)詞還原”的規(guī)則。但是當(dāng)主語是I時(shí)，要將其改為you。I can swim.有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can所以直接將can提前可以了。Can you swim？I am a student.有be動(dòng)詞am所以將am提前。Are you a student？當(dāng)沒有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，我們用相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞幫助我們完成一般疑問句?，F(xiàn)階段我們接觸到的助動(dòng)詞有do, does, did，也就是說我們要在句首加上Do, Does, Did完成一般疑問句。不要忘了將謂語動(dòng)詞還原哦！1）I like swimming.這句話是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而且主語是I所以應(yīng)該選取助動(dòng)詞do置于句首，并將I改為you。Do y

5、ou like swimming?2）She goes to school by bus. 這句話也是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，但主語是She所以應(yīng)選取的助動(dòng)詞是does，并將謂語動(dòng)詞goes還原為go。Does she go to school by bus?3）I did my homework late yesterday.這句話是一般過去時(shí)，所以應(yīng)將助動(dòng)詞did置于句首，并把謂語動(dòng)詞did還原為do。別忘了把I和my改為第二人稱哦。Did you do your homework late yesterday?特別注意：如果句中有some，and這種只能用于肯定句的詞匯時(shí)，在改一般疑問句時(shí)，要把它們

6、變?yōu)榭梢杂迷谝蓡柧渲械腶ny和or。B. 一般疑問句的答句在回答一般疑問句時(shí)，我們一般用yes和no來回答，并遵循“用什么提問用什么回答”的原則，所以關(guān)鍵就在于問句的第一個(gè)詞。但是有的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞引出的一般疑問句根據(jù)其表達(dá)意思可以用不同的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞回答，例如：May I open the door?Yes, you can./No, you cant.Must I do it now?No, you neednt.2 特殊疑問句在這個(gè)知識(shí)板塊我們所需要了解的有兩點(diǎn)：第一是特殊疑問句究竟提問什么內(nèi)容，也就是每個(gè)特殊疑問詞的含義；第二就是如何改寫特殊疑問句，正確應(yīng)對就劃線部分提問這種習(xí)題。首先讓我們來看

7、看小學(xué)階段我們應(yīng)該掌握的特殊疑問詞吧。who：詢問主格（人）；what：詢問物或干什么；whom：詢問賓格；whose：詢問所有格誰的；which：哪一個(gè)人或物；where詢問地點(diǎn)；when詢問時(shí)間，what time詢問較為具體的時(shí)間；why詢問原因；how詢問用方法，如何；how還可以后接相應(yīng)的形容詞或副詞詢問其程度：how old詢問年齡；how many詢問可數(shù)名詞的量；how much詢問不可數(shù)名詞的量和價(jià)格；how often詢問頻率；how long詢問時(shí)間或某物體的長度；how far 詢問指路程的長度。解決了特殊疑問詞的含義，我們要開始改寫特殊疑問句了。第一步，確定特殊疑問詞

8、。我們先要明確提問的內(nèi)容，選擇正確的特殊疑問詞，這就用到了上面所介紹的特殊疑問詞的含義了。第二步，將所給出的句子改為一般疑問句，你還記得嗎？第三步，去掉被特殊疑問詞代替的成分也就是劃線部分，再將特殊疑問詞和刪減后的一般疑問句相加。依照上邊的步驟，大部分的特殊疑問句就輕而易舉的完成了。來試試吧。例如：He went to school by bike yesterday.（就劃線部分提問）第一步，確定特殊疑問詞。by bike應(yīng)該用詢問用方法的how來詢問第二步，改寫一般疑問句。本句沒有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞且為過去時(shí)，要在句首添加did，并將謂語動(dòng)詞went還原。Did he go to scho

9、ol by bike yesterday?第三步，去掉被特殊疑問詞代替的成分也就是劃線部分by bike，再將特殊疑問詞和刪減后的一般疑問句相加。How did he go to school yesterday?但是有的特殊疑問不能遵循上面的步驟，比如who，whose和what。who提問主格，它的特殊疑問句只要把主格去掉換成who就可以了。例如：Peter has a lot of books.（就劃線部分提問） Who has a lot of books?whose提問所有格誰的，所以提問時(shí)要帶著后面的名詞一起置于句首。例如：This is Toms book.（就劃線部分提問） W

10、hose book is this?what提問干什么時(shí)要將刪掉的動(dòng)詞部分替換為do例如：Susan watched football match yesterday.（就劃線部分提問） What did Susan do yesterday?3 選擇疑問句選擇疑問句提出兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上可能的答案供對方選擇，選項(xiàng)之間用or連接。在形式上它很像一般疑問句，但是回答時(shí)我們要用肯定句而非yes, no。例如：Do you like sandwich or hamburger?Id like a sandwich.4 反意疑問句A. 反意疑問句的問句在反意疑問句的問句中，我們應(yīng)遵循前后不一的原則，即如果

11、前半句是肯定句，后半句則是否定的，而如果前半句是否定的則后半句應(yīng)該為肯定句。例如：He works really hard, doesnt he?在問句中我們又兩個(gè)問題需要特別注意：第一、 not和no并不是唯一的否定句標(biāo)志，前面我們提到過小學(xué)階段還有五個(gè)隱形否定詞，同樣也標(biāo)志否定：never, seldom, little, few, hardly。也就是說當(dāng)句子中有它們時(shí)，同樣視為否定句。He knows little about English history, does he?第二、 問句中前半句和后半句的時(shí)態(tài)是相同的，所以后半句要選用與前半句相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞和形態(tài)動(dòng)詞。例如：M

12、ary goes to school on foot, doesnt she? You can help me, cant you? Its a fine day, isnt it?B. 反意疑問句的答句在回答反意疑問句時(shí)，我們還是要用yes和no，所遵循的原則是“實(shí)話實(shí)說”。也就是說不管問句是前面肯定后面否定或是前面否定后面肯定，我們只看主干是否屬實(shí)就可以了。另外要注意雖然問句前后不一致，但是答句的前半句和后半句必須要一致，不能出現(xiàn)Yes, it isnt.或者No, I can.之類的荒唐句子。還有一點(diǎn)需要同學(xué)們注意的是，答句的時(shí)態(tài)和所選用的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞必須與問句相同。例如：Tom is a

13、boys name, isnt it?Yes, it is.Tom can swim, cant he?Yes, he can.四. 祈使句祈使句表示請求、命令、建議等等，其中謂語動(dòng)詞一律用原形而且句子中通常不用主語。1 肯定的祈使句A. 動(dòng)詞原形開頭，例如：Stand up.起立。Be quiet，please.請安靜。B. Let引出的祈使句，例如：Lets play ball.我們玩球吧。Let me help you.讓我來幫你。C. 如果要加人稱，人稱要用“，”隔開，例如：Li Ming，come here.李明，過來。2 否定的祈使句A. Dont +動(dòng)詞原形，例如：Dont sw

14、im in the river.別在河里游泳。Dont be late.別遲到。B. 表示禁止時(shí)，尤其是標(biāo)語等也可用“No+名詞動(dòng)名詞”來表示，例如：No smoking！禁止吸煙！No parking！禁止停車！C. Let所引導(dǎo)的祈使句有兩種否定方式Lets（us，me）+not +動(dòng)詞原形，例如：Lets not say anything about it.對于這件事，咱們什么也不要說。Dont let +第三人稱代詞的賓格或名詞+動(dòng)詞原形.Dont let them play with fire.別讓他們玩火。Dont let the children touch the medici

15、ne.別讓兒童夠著藥物。3 祈使句的反意疑問句A. 一般祈使句后可以加一個(gè)簡短問句,變?yōu)榉匆庖蓡柧?，使語氣變得客氣一些。例如:Have a rest , will (wont) you？Stand up , will (wont) you？B. 但是let有兩種反意疑問句Lets表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh，問句用shall we或 shant we。例如:Lets go，shall we？咱們?nèi)グ?，怎么樣？Let me或 Let us表示向聽話人提出請求，征求對方同意，問句用 will you或 wont you .例如：Let us go，will you？讓我們?nèi)グ?，行嗎？? 感嘆句感嘆句

16、通常有what, how引導(dǎo)，表示贊美、驚嘆、喜 悅、等感情。what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞，副詞或動(dòng)詞。這部分我們主要解決兩個(gè)問題，一是如何區(qū)分what和how，二是如何將普通句改寫為感嘆句。1 what與how的區(qū)分區(qū)分它們的關(guān)鍵是看到底這句話是對哪個(gè)成分提出感嘆，但很多同學(xué)都困惑于分析這個(gè)成分，現(xiàn)在我們用一種簡單的方法來試試。例1_ nice weather it is!例2_ nice the weather is!例3_ time flies!首先我們從后往前刪去離感嘆號最近的一組主謂關(guān)系，然后觀察剩余的部分，如果還有名詞就證明要感嘆的是名詞部分，所以用what；如果沒有名詞，就

17、證明所感嘆的不是名詞部分，就用how。但是有一個(gè)問題要注意，當(dāng)我們明確感嘆部分是名詞時(shí)，還要看好這個(gè)名詞是不是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，如果是的話，要在what的后面加上a/an哦。例如：_ nice shirt it is! What a nice shirt it is!2 改寫感嘆句感嘆句的改寫也是有訣竅的，首先確定what和how，然后把它們和它們所修飾的部分一起提前，其他部分保持陳述語序就可以了。六. There be句型相信這是一個(gè)大家都非常熟悉的句式了，但是還有兩點(diǎn)需要我們注意。1 there be句型符合就近原則，離be動(dòng)詞最近的名詞決定be動(dòng)詞的形式，例如：There _ a river

18、 and some trees by the lake.離所填的be動(dòng)詞最近的是a river，所以要用表示單數(shù)的is。2 there be句型也是有時(shí)態(tài)的，be動(dòng)詞需要根據(jù)時(shí)間，變化為is, are或者was, were。但無論是哪個(gè)，如果后面的動(dòng)詞都應(yīng)該是doing的形式。各種句型1. I prefer _ there doing nothing.A. working than sitting B. to work than to sitC. working to sit D. to work rather than sit2. All _ has already been done.A.

19、 can be done B. should be doneC. that can be done D. what should be done3. The workers in our company are paid by _.A. the hour B. an hourC. hours D. hour4. His new car _ broke down when he left the city.A. for that paid $ 15,000 B. he paid $ 15,000C. for which he paid $ 15,000 D. which he paid $ 15

20、,0005. - Will you go to the party?- If you go, _.A. So am I B. So will IC. So do I D. I do, too6. Tony is hungry, _ I can see from his eyes.A. it B. thisC. as D. that7. _ the sun, nothing could live on the earth.A. Were it for B. Were it not forC. It were for D. If it is not for8. - How soon will th

21、e concert begin?- _.A. Very quickly B. Until 7:30C. Not until 7:30 D. Two hours9. - Didnt you enjoy your trip?- _. And nor did my friends.A. Yes, I did B. No, I dontC. Im afraid not D. Yes, I didnt10. - Do you mind if I play the violin here?-. _. Go ahead.A. Yes, I dont mind B. No, not at allC. No,

22、I do mind D. Yes11. - Will it rain tomorrow? - _.A. I think not B. I hope notC. I hope it doesnt D. I dont think it does12. - Must I do all these things today?- _.A. No, you mustnt B. Yes, you mayC. No, you neednt D. Yes, it is13. - Are you free this afternoon?- _.A. Yes, Im afraid I am B. No, I thi

23、nk notC. Thats all right D. Sure14. Jark looks very unhappy, _?A doesnt he B. does heC. isnt he D. is he15. I wish to go home now, _?A. dont I B. do IC. must I D. may I16. - Tom said hed been to China.- He did, _?A. didnt he B. did heC. so he did D. so he didnt17. I suppose youre not very busy now,

24、_ ?A. arent you B. dont IC. are you D. do I18. So you like traveling, _?A. do you B. dont youC. arent you D. havent you19. He dare not go out alone at night, _?A. dares he B. dont heC. isnt he D. dare he20. Dont forget to bring the book here, _?A. do you B. will youC. can you D. shall you21. - Dont

25、be late next time, Tom.- _.A. Yes, sir B. No, I dontC. Yes, I dont D. No, never22. - Do you like dancing or singing?- _.A. Yes, I do B. No, I dontC. I like dancing D. Sorry, I dont23. Which do you like _, apples _ oranges?A. better; or B. better; andC. well; or D. more; and24. How _ is it from you h

26、ome to the school?A. far B. longC. soon D. distant25. _ do you come here every day for?A. Why B. WhatC. How D. When26. - Do you remember _ he came?- Yes, I do. He came by car.A. how B. when C. that D. if27. - Hows the young man?- _.A. Hes twenty B. Hes much betterC. Hes doctor D. Hes David28. _ turn

27、 is it _ the classroom?A. Who; clean B. Whose; to cleanC. Whom; cleaning D. Which; cleaned29. Since you hungry, why not _ to eat?A. to buy something B. something to buyC. bought something D. buy something30. - _ keep the book?- Two weeks.A. How long can I B. How soon can IC. How often I can D. What

28、time I can31. No one can be save _ in a million years.A. what man will look like B. what will man look likeC. man will look like what D. what look man will like32. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. ThisC. That D. It33. - I told you that I would come.- _.A. So did you B. so you didC. Neither did you D. Nor were you34. Not until the fish in the river _ how serio