有機(jī)化學(xué)(第二版)-夏百根-黃乾明-主編-課后答案

1、CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3CH2第二章烷烴作業(yè)參考答案1、共有九種：CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3CH3CH3-CH-CH-CH2-CH3I iCH3CH3CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3CHaCH3CH3-C-CH2-CH2-CH3CH3CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2CH2-CH3CH3-CH-CH2-CH-CH31CH3CH3CH3 ch3-cCH-CH3ch3Ch352-甲基-3-環(huán)丁基丁烷2、 13-甲基戊烷22,32, 2, 3, 4-四甲基戊烷5-二甲基-3，4-二乙基己烷 42-甲基-5

2、-乙基庚烷6順-1-甲基-3-乙基環(huán)戊烷7反-1-甲基-4-乙基環(huán)己烷81-甲基-4-乙基-3-叔丁基環(huán)2CH 3/CH3-C-CH 2CH3CH 34己烷3、 1ch3-ch-ch2-ch2-ch3CH33CH2CH3ICH3-CH-CH-CH-CH-CH3CH3 CH2CH3 Ih34、 1CH3CH3CH2-CCH-CH 3CH32CH3ICH3-C-CH-CH-CH3CH 3 CH3CH3-CH-C-CH2-CH3 CH 3-C-CH 2-CH-CH 3CH3 CH3CH 3 CH35、 1錯(cuò)。改為:2，2-二甲基丁烷2錯(cuò)。改為：2，2，5-三甲基-4-乙基己烷3正確4錯(cuò)。改為：2，2

3、-二甲基丁烷CH3 CH36、 1改為:CH3CH2CHCH2CH3CH3ClICH3-CHzg-CH(CH) 2CH33-甲基戊烷2CH(CH 3)2 HV h3c"CH32, 3-二甲基2-氯丁烷OHC2H5ohHHC2H5C2-C3旋轉(zhuǎn):3H CH2OHCH38、 1ch2ch2ch3CH2CH 3優(yōu)勢(shì)構(gòu)象CH(CH3)2優(yōu)勢(shì)構(gòu)象9、 1 2 3 410、B: CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3C: CH3-CH-CH2-CH3CH3CH3A: CH3-C-CH3 1CH311、 > > > 212、ch3ch2ch3CH3Br2水褪色:CH3不褪色：ch

4、3ch2ch314 12CH3-CH-CH2CH3I/C2H5口 CH3H2SO4/CH2CH2CH3CH3-CH2-C_-CH3竺OSO3H/CH2CH2CH3ch3-ch2-cCH3OH第三章烯烴炔烴二烯烴習(xí)題參考答案1、 12-甲基-4-乙基-3-己烯 2 Z-3-甲基-2-戊烯 34-甲基-2-丙基-1-戊烯 4 Z-4-甲基-3-庚烯 52，2-二甲基-5-乙基-3-庚炔6 E-3-甲基-2-溴-2-戊烯7 2Z, 4Z-3，5-二甲基-2，4-庚二烯83E-2，4-二甲基-1，3-己二烯2、 1234CI,CH3(CH3)2C=CCH2CH3.C=JCH2=C-CH=CH2CH3H

5、3CHch3ch 2=ch-ch 2-ch=ch 256H、CCH3CH2CH2CH3HAc'* H HzCH3XH3、(1)Br2CH3-C=C-CH3=CCl 4CH3CH3-C=CH-CH3 B2 / H2。IkCH3ch3-c=ch-ch3 ici -CH3CH3CH 3 -ChC+CH 3Br BrCH3CH3CH3-C CH-CH3+ CH3-C CH-CH31IIIOH BrBr BrCH3CH3-C H-CH31 Cl ICH3-C=CH-CH3Ch3ch3-c=ch-ch3CH3HBr /過氧化物CH3CH3-C H-CH 3H BrCH3H2SO4CH3-C H2-

6、CH31OSO3HH2OCH3CH3-C H2-CH3IOHCH3-C=OCH3+ ch3coohCH3-C=CH-CH 3CH3O3H3j ,.OzQH3CCHCH3H2O / Zn CH 3-C=O aCH3ch3cho0一0CH3-C=CH-CH3 KMnO4 一CH34、 1BrHBr(2mol)CH 3CH2 CCH 3BrH2O/Hg 2+ , H +CH3CH2C三 CHCH 3CH2CCH3KMnO 4/H +-CH 3CH 2COOHCO2+ H2OAg(NH3)+ -CH3CH2C=CH2CN2CH3-C=CH-CHCH3H3C -+3CH 3CH3-C H 2-CH3IB

7、rCH3CH3-C H-CH 31ClCH3CH3-C H 2-CH3OH4ch3-ch=ch 2CH 2=CH-CH=CH 2CH2ClCl2CH2-CH=CH 2 高溫ClHCI(lmol)亠 CH 3-CH=CH-CH 2CIKMnO 4/H +CO2 +H2O(1)O3CH2=CH-CH=CH 2H 2O/ZnHXC=O+ O=C-C=OCH2=CHCHOCHO5(1)CH3-CH 2-CH 3ch2=ch-ch 3CH=C-CH 3褪色b, cAg(NH 3)+無.白|b cKMnO 4/H +不褪色CH3-CH2-aC三C-CH2-CH2CH3 cCH2=CH-CH2-CH2CH3

8、 bCH2=CH-CH=CH-CH 3 dKMn O4/H不褪色a褪色b,c,dAg(NH 3)2b,d順丁烯二酸酐,CH. OHC CHCCHCxCHCH36、 1CH3+CH3 C+> CH3-CH-CH 2-CH3ICH3+2CH2=CHCH2+> CH3CHCH3> CH3-CH-CH2ICH3+ +>CH3CH2CH2 > CH3H3C3+CH27、用濃 H2SO48、CH3CHCH2CH=CH2ch2ch31H3C尸CH-CH 3H3C3、 4具有 一共軛體系；2具有缺電子的p 共軛體系; 3具有多電子的p共軛體系；1、 4具有 一共軛體系;10、(A

9、)63A(B)CH3-CH2-CH-CH 3CH3(C) ch3ch2ch=ch 2(A)CH3AHBr(B)CH3"CH2"CH"CH 3 豊"(C) ch3ch2ch=ch2Br11、(A)CH3CH=CHCH(CH3)2(B) CH3CH2CH=C(CH 3)2(C)12、A:CH3CH2CH2CH(CH 3)2ch3ch-ch2C=chCH3B:CH 3-C=CH 2-CH=CH 2CH 313、(1)Cl2CH2=CH CH 3 -ClCH2=CH CH2Br2Br Br ClCH2-CHCH2CH2=CH CH3ch3c=ch屬于單環(huán)單萜Cl

10、CI2 ch2=ch ch2光H2OH2SO4, HgS°4h2c屬于倍半萜HBr BrC|HO2 CH2-CH2Ch2OCH3-C-CH3屬于二萜屬于倍半萜15、CH3ch3I/C=CH CH 2 CH 2 C=CH - CH3 H3C第四章芳香烴作業(yè)參考答案1、1鄰硝基甲苯23-羥基苯磺酸33-甲基-4-氯苯甲酸41，4-二甲基萘54-甲基-3-苯基-1-戊烯66-氯-2-萘酚12345COOHNO26CH=CH 2ClCH(CH 3)2CH 2CH 33、 1COOH2CH 3ClFeCOOH3hno3Clh2so4ClCH3Cl no2CH 3+O2NclClCH(CH3)2

11、 CI2C(CH3)24och3OCH3 無水AICI3 (CH3CO)2Ooch3C-CH3HIO0：CCH35C(CH3)34CH2CH2CH3KMNO41H +C(CH3)3I ' 56ch2ch=ch 2CH2CH3KMNOH +COOH7CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl +無水3CH 3|l - CH-CH2CH3ch2chCH3KMNOHNO2COOHBr2FeCOOH4、CHOH1Clno225、1CH3KMnO42|l -CH2CH3aBr2CCI4不褪色:B2(H2。)a,c I CH=CH 2I I C=CH+ 1Ag(NH 3)2"褪色:b,c6、12 3

12、4褪色:c不褪色：a白J : c無沉淀：b5OHCl6ClCOOHNO2NHCOCH 378OCH31COOHOHCH3COOHNO2CH3SO3HOHNO2+2H +無水AICICH3BLCOOHHNO3CH3KMNO 4ACOOHNO2H2SO4CH3Br無水3AICI(CH 3CO) 2OC-CHOAICI 3CH3CICH 3 CI2CH3CHAICI 3CH3CICH光FeBrKMnOH +BrCOOHHNO3COOHH2SO4BrNO2AICI 3CH3CICH 3NO28有芳香性的是:2， 4， 5， 8CH3CH2CH310、K2C2O7COOHCOOH-H2O2、3、6 7。

13、對(duì)：有旋光性的為:第五早旋光異構(gòu)作業(yè)參考答案錯(cuò)：1 2 3 4 5 8 1 2 454、1234C:H2BrCl2H BrBr3CHH41CH3CH3注：旋光異構(gòu)體的數(shù)目略。H1COOHHr2Br3BrCOOH45、 1R-氟氯溴甲烷 4(6)R-2-氨基-2-苯基乙酸2S-3-羥基-2-戊酮352R ,3R-3-氯-2- 丁醇H3C hcHH3CHC2H52R ,3S-2,3,4-三羥基丁醛=>COOH1 COOH d HBr2Br 3COOH4(2S ,3R2,3-二溴丁二酸)都是S-,所以是相同的。2分別為：2R ,3S-和2S ,3R-,所以是對(duì)映體關(guān)系(3)分別為：2R ,3S

14、-和2R ,3R-,所以是非對(duì)映體關(guān)系(4)一個(gè)為R-,另一個(gè)為S-,所以是對(duì)映體關(guān)系.2R ,3S-2,3-二溴丁二酸6、 1A:7、8KMn O4/OHCH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH 2-CH3OH OHCBC2H5H|OHC的構(gòu)型為：HOHC2H5OHOHCH3CH2-C-CH=CH 2B： CH3CH2-C-CH 2-CH3CH 3CH3H2O*CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH3CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3H2SO4AOH第六章鹵代烴習(xí)題參考答案1、 12-甲基-1-氯丙烷伯鹵代烷22-甲基2-溴丁烷叔鹵代烷32，2-二甲基4-溴戊烷仲鹵代烷4Z-2-甲基-1

15、-溴-2-戊烯烯丙基型5Z順-3-甲基-2-氯-2-戊烯乙烯型 63-甲基-4-溴-1-丁烯隔離型鹵代烴7對(duì)-氯甲苯乙烯型81-苯基-1-溴丙烷烯丙基型Br Br1 1Cl CH 3111 1CH3-CH-CH-CH 31CH3-C C CH2-CH31 CH=CH-CH 2CH=CH-CH2CH 3Cl CH 3ClBr56782、 1234CH2BrH3C、 zCH33、 14，c=c、HCH 3ClCH 3I ClCH2Cl0ClClCH 3AgN03白:b快a慢KMnO4無沉淀；c, d h+-不褪色：c2CH3-CH-CH-CH 3I 1ch3 ciaCHyCHCICH 3ICH2=

16、CH-C-CH 3Clc白無沉淀：b白:快c:慢ach2=ch-ch-ch 3_»先有黃色沉淀：CH2=CH-$H-CH 3CiAgNO3ICH2=CH-CH-CH 3醇1I一先有白色沉淀：CH2=CH-qH-CH 3Cl4、1BrCH2-CH-CH2CH3CH3-CH-CH-CH 3CH3-C-CH2CH31 1 >i>IBr CH3CH3 BrCH32BrCH3-C-CH3> CH3-CH2-CH-CH3> CH2-CH2-CH2CH3CH3BrBr3CH2-CH2-CH2CH3CH2-CH2-CH2CH3CH2-CH2-CH2CH3> > 1

17、IBrClBrCH3-C-CH2CH31CH3CH3-CH-CH-CH3CH3 BrCH2-CH-CH2CH3I IBr CH 35、1CH3-CH-CH-CH 3 NaOHCH3-C=CH-CH3 Br211_CH3 Cl乙醇，_CH32BrJCH3-C-CH-CH3 NaOHCH?Br 乙醇，尸CH2=C-CH=CH2ICH3Cl乙醇CH2Cl + NaCN= ClCH2CNH2O"h+Cl _ -CH2COOH3無水乙醚CH2Br + Mg -CH2MgBr(1)CO2CH2COOH4BrCH=CH 2CH-CH 3 NaOH乙醇，HBr _過氧化物CH2-CH2BrCHaON

18、a乙醇'CH2-CH2OCH35CH3BrNaOH-乙醇，-OO1111CH3-C-CH2-CH2-CH2-C-OH6、1CH2 = CH2 rBr?NaCNBr-CH 2-CH zBr 弋卻尸 NC-CH 2-CH2-CN乙醇H2OHOOC-CH 2CH2-COOHH +2CH3-CH2-qH-CHBr3 NaOH乙醇，CH3-CH=CH-CHKMnO 43CH 3COOHH +3CH2=CH?4CH3-CH2CI CH3-CH2-CH2CH3NaOHHClNH3CH3-CH2CH2-CICH3-CH=CH2CH3-CH-CH3 -乙醇,_Cl4CH3-CH-CH3NH3CH2-CH

19、-CH3NaOH 亠 CH2=C-CH3Br CH3乙醇，二ch3HBrBr NaCNCNHB CH3-C-CH3 乙醇- CH3-C-CH3CH3CH3H2O6CH3ch3-c=ch2CH31CH3-CH-CH2BrNaCNCH3丁1H2OCH3乙醇一 CH3-CH-CH2CN- 1H +CH3-CH-CH2COOHHBr_過氧化物COOH "CH3-C-CH3ICH37、BrCH3-CH-CH-CH 3 NaOHCH3-C=CH-CH 3 HBrCH3-C-CH 2-CH 3I IiCH 3 Br乙醇，_CH3CH3ABCNaOHCH3-C=CH-CH3 KMnO 4CH 3-C

20、=O +CH 3ch3cooh乙醇，ch3h+A、 ch3chch=ch2B、 CH3CH-CHCH2Br1 1C、CH2=CH-CH=CH2BrBrBr第七章醇酚醚習(xí)題參考答案1、1472、122-甲基-2-丙烯基-3-戊烯-1-醇32，4-己二醇 甲基-4-庚烯-3-醇104-基-2-己醇3- 環(huán)己烯-1-醇 54-苯基-2-戊醇4- 甲基苯酚8對(duì)甲氧基苯甲醇6E-5-9苯乙醚2-環(huán)氧丁烷5CH3ch3-c-ohCH33OHh3co3cH2OHch3H3COH二 一 CH 2OH6COOHOH3、卩CH33C-OH + HBr CH33C-Br+ h2oOH + HCl 濃士巴Cl3CH3

21、CH3-CH-O-CH 3+ Hl(濃)CH3CH3-CH-OH + CH3IOH4K2Cr2O7OCH 3-CH-CH 2-CH-CH 3CH 3-CH-CH 2-C-CH 3+CH3HCH 3CH3CH2CH2CH2-OH + SOCI2 CH3CH2CH2CH2-CI56CH3 OHH2SO4CH3-CH-CH-CH 3 170OCCH3-C=CH-CH3CH3KMnO4 / hch3-c=oICH3+ CH3COOH7(1)。3OCH3CH2-C-CH2CH2CH2CHO Zn / H2O8+ CH3CH2CH2CH2OH ch2-ch2OH OCH2CH2CH2CH39OH + CH

22、3I4、11 , 4-丁二醇 正辛醇 3-己醇 2-甲基-2-戊醇 正己烷 碳酸鄰甲苯酚水苯甲醇苯甲醚 2,4-二硝基苯酚 鄰硝基苯酚 苯酚 鄰甲苯酚迥5、1CH3CH2OCH 2CH3CH 2-CH 2CH2CH 3fH 2-CH 2CH2CH 3 fH2-CH 2CH=CH 2BrOHOH2AgN03醇-無沉淀：a, c.無氣體放出:有氣體放出:Br2 c，d-不褪色：aab Ag ( NH3)2-無沉淀:變綠慢: 不變色:K2C2O7a， b， cH+變綠快:3OHOHCH2-CH-CH 2OH OHOHCu(OH) 2CH 才CH-CH 2 顯深藍(lán)色：'16、分子間的氫鍵：1、

23、4。分子內(nèi)的氫鍵:7、 1OH OHOHO0HFeCb顯紫色:CtohA不顯色:2、3_不變色:|>OHOHHBr CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OH = NaCNCH3CH2CH2CH2CN醇2CH3CH2-CH2-CH2BrH3° CH3CH2CH2CH2COOHH2SO4H2SO4CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OHCH3CH2-CH=CH2CH3CH2-CH-CH3170cH2O1C2OHh2oUCH3CH2-C-CH3 03H2SO4CH 3CH 2-CH 2-CH 2OHCH 3CH 2-CH=CH 2170°CH2SO4CH3CH2-CH-CH 3H2OOHH

24、2SO4Br2CH3CH=CH-CH 3CH3CH-CH-CH170°：Br Br3 NaOH » CH2=CH-CH=CH 2C2H5OH4H2SO4CH 3CH2-CH 2-CH 2OHCH 3CH 2-CH=CH 2170OcH2SO4CH3CH2-CH-CH 3H2OOHO3CH3CHOH2O/Z nH2SO4O ch3Ch=ch-ch 3170(381H2SO4CH3-CH2-CH2OH -170OCH2SO4CH 3-CH=CH 2CH 3-CH-CH 3H2OK2C2O4CH3COCH3OH23ohNCH 3CH 2IONa -OC2H5HClCH3CH2-C

25、H-CH 3Cl4CH3OH9、OCHOHKMnO4OriH+ A ch3-c-ch 2ch2ch2cooh+ CH3ICCH3I AgN( CH3ONO2 + Agl I 黃H 2SO4CH3CH2-CH2-CH2OH- CH3CH2-CH=CH 2170OcN醇也 CH3CH2-CH-CH 3CNB10、HCICH3CH2-CH2-CH2OHCH3CH2-CH2-CH2CIHCI/Z nCI2+ CO2 H2OCH3CH2-CH-CH 3Cl第八章 醛、酮、醌習(xí)題參考答案1、1472、1ch3-ch2-ch-ch2-ch°2- 甲基丙醛3- 甲基-2-丁酮2-甲基-1，4-環(huán)己二

26、酮24-甲基-2-羥基苯甲醛352，4-己二酮8水合甲醛62-甲基5-甲基2 己烯醛4-戊酮-1-醛3CH3CH3-CH-CH2-C-CH3°CH3BrC-CH 3°54CH=N-OHCH3-C= n-NH-CH36-NNH-C-NH 2O3、1OHCH3-CH-CH2CHCuA°CH3-C-CH2CH3HCN°H . CNCH3-C-CH2-CH3H2°°H C°°HH + CH3-C-CH2-CH32°ICH3-C-CH 2CH2CH3 +°2N無水乙醚°2nCH3-c=NNH-&

27、#39;NO2n°2H3CH2CH2CCH3CH2CH2CH° + CH3CH2MgBrOMgBrCH3CH2CH2CH-CH2CH3H26H+°HCH3CH2CH2CH-CH2CH3濃OH-(CH3)3CCHO(CH3)3CCOO- + (CH3)3CCH2OHCH=CH濃oh-CHO + HCHOCH2OH + HCOOH2OCH3CHOHgSO4,H2SO4I2NaOHCI3CHO CHI 3 + HCOONaOHO1OI2(CH3)3C-C-CH3(CH3)3C-C-O- + chi3NaOH(8)ch3choHO-CH 2-2O HO CH2/O干 H+

28、* CH 3cH、O(9)2CH3CH2CHO稀oh-ohCH3CH2CH-CH-CHO- CH3CH2CHCCH3CHOCH3(10)0(1)無水乙醚C-CH 3 + CH3MgBr(2) H2O/H +OHC-CH 3CH 34、1 c>a>d>b5、1 a>b>d>c濃 h2so4CH2=CH2 + H2OCH3CH2OHCuCH3CHO稀OH-wH2ch3-ch=ch-choch3-ch2ch2ch2ohNiHCNOHOHch3c-hOH -h2o/h +CH3-CH-CN2 ch3-CH-COOhH2OCH3-CH才CH2-CH2-OMgBrCH3

29、CH2CH2CH2OHHBrMgHCHOCH3CH=CH2CH3-CH2-CH2BrCHg-CHz-CHzMgBrH2O2無水乙醚無水乙醚稀OH-OHCH3CH0a CH3CHCH2CHOHO-CH2HO-CH2 ohoch> O-CH2CH3CHCH2CH 小 乂32_och2干HCIKMnO4H +0ch3Cch2ch0-CH20-CH2h2ooCH3CCH2CHOH +OH1CH3CHCH3HBrMgBrMgI yCH3-CH-CH無水乙醚 CH3-CH-CH3BrOHICH3CHCH3CuCH3CCH3無水乙醚MgBrCH3-CH-CH3H20CH3OHzC-CH-CHH3C C

30、h3O11CH3CH2-C-XAICI30二-C-CH2CH2CH3H2N-NH 2，NaOHHOCH2CH2)2o=CH2CH2CH2CH3HBrCH3CH2OH CH3CH2BrNaCH3CH2CH2CH3 Cl2CuNaOH0 CH3CH2CHCH3 CH3CH2CCH3I/v11H20OHO4 CH3CH2CHCH3ZS 32|3Cl(1) CH3CH2MgBr/干醚(2) H2OOH1ch3ch2c-ch2ch3CH3(8)CuCH3CH2CH2OHHBrNaOHCHgCH=CH2CHg-CHz-CHzBr -H2O2H2OLiAlH 4CH3-CH 才CH=q-CHOCH3-CH2

31、-CH=C-CH2OHCH3CH3稀OH-CH3-CH2CHO6、1品紅試劑2CH3CH2CH2CH2CHOaOHCHOCH3CHOOCH3-C-CH31C-CH 2-CH3abcd褪色：b稀h +顯紅色：a, b不褪色:I 2不顯紅色：C, dNHCH3C-CH2CH2CH3 CH3CH2-C-CH2CH3OCH3CHCH2CH2CH3OHdab I2c _NaOHd3-CHOac；齊苯肼b,d品紅試劑a,c顯紅色：a不顯紅色：Cb顯色：c不顯色：a,黃:無|CH3-CH2CHOaCH3C-CH3bOOIc-CH3cI2NaOH4 黃* : b,CNaHSO3無：cCH3-CH2-C-CH-

32、CH3H2NOHCH 3NOHCH3-CH2-C-CH-CH3CH31濃 H2SO4rCH3-CH2-CH=C-CH3CH3(1)O3Zn/H2OCH3-CH2-CH-CH-CH3I OH CH 3H2/NiCH3COONa + CHI3 黃b/NaOHCH3CH3-CH2CHO + O=CCH3+v Ag(NH3)2CH3-CH2COONH3AgO2-CH2-CH=C.CH3CH3KMnO 4/H +O uCH3-C-CH 2-CH2COOHBJF+ ch3-c-ch3ACH3A 也可以是：CH3-C=C-CH2CH2CHO CH 3CH3-C-CH2-CH2COOHl2/NaOHNaOOC

33、-CH 2CH2-COONa + CHI39、HIuOH3BOCH 2-C-CH0OCH 3OCH2-C-CHOH3CD2-CH 3CH3IOCH2-C-CHN-OHOCH 3C-CH 3AOCH2-C-CHOCH 3Ochi3| 黃AOHCH2-CH-CH 3丨2NaOHOCH 3OCH2-C-ONaCHI 3OCH3第九章羧酸、羧酸衍生物及其衍生物作業(yè)參考答案1、4714-甲基-3-氯戊酸4-甲氧基苯乙酰氯2-甲基順丁烯二酸酐HOCH-COOH9HO -CH-COOHO2 E-2-羥基-3-戊烯酸34-甲基1，3-苯二甲酸5苯甲酸苯甲酯6-乙基-丁內(nèi)酰胺82R,3S-3-甲基-2-羥基丁二

34、酸單甲酯OOIIICH3-C-CH 2-C-OC 2H5簡(jiǎn)HOOC-C-CH 2-COOH122、 1OH-C-COOHaCOOHCOOHbHCOOHCch3coohd4褪色:Ag(NH3)；無 +b ° 丄2，4二硝基苯肼Ag: a c COOHCOOH OHFeC3顯色：cKMnO4不顯色：a bH +褪色：a不褪色：b3OCH3-C-COOHaCH3-C-CH3CH3CH2COOHI2 / NaOH黃無I： cO藍(lán)色石蕊試bCH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3I2 / NaOH無:a,紙'變紅：a不變色：bOCH3-C-CH2CH2CH3OO11IICH3-C-CH2-C

35、-CH3:c,c白3、 1丁烯二酸丁二酸 丁酸 乙二酸 氯乙酸 苯甲酸 乙酸丙酸CH=CHCH 2OH4、 1CO2無 ： B2-氟丙酸2-羥基丙酸 丙酸2-甲基丙酸CH2CH2COOHCH2CH2OHOII1|-C-OMgBr H2SO4r氓丿h2o2 CH2CH2OHOC-OH ch3oh3注：4以下答案在下頁(yè)C-OCH 3(4)oCH3CCH2CIOHOHOHCHjCCH2CNCOOHOH巴注 ch3cch2ciCNOHH2O/H+CH3CCH2C1 上仝C(X)HWH= CH3CCH2COOHCOOHOCH一CHCOOH 竺 CHjCC(X)H(5)1) Na()Ht 2) H+OHa

36、CH2CH2COOH(7)COOHCOOHcoon(8)CILCHtC(X)HcoonCll,-Clh(10) 2CH3COOC2H5CzHsONaoCHjCCH?C(Q Hs()oCHsCCH2CONa()()ch3cch3<11)CH3CH2C(X)H -(NH'，C()i>CH3CH2C(X)NH< 仝CHjCHpCONH?Br24-Na()H CH3CH2 nh25由指定原料合成目標(biāo)產(chǎn)物：(1) chyh.屮H2°ch3ch2ohch2ch2Brz/CChCH2CH22NaCNH2O/H+Br HrCN CNC(X)H C(X)H2CI1l2OH&g

37、t;CH3CH2(XX：CH2CH2C(X)CH2CH3112* h(2) CH3CH2OHKm/HCH3CHCHCHO學(xué) CHJCH2CH2CH2OHNiHBrXkCNCH3CH2()H CHjCH2Br-CH3CH2CNCHiCHzCHzCHOHh-)/h->ch1ch2c(x)hH2SO4CH3CH2C(XX：H2CH2CH2CH3(3)HBrNaCN屮屮CH-屮 一 cHjch2ch-ch. ch3ch2ch-cnBrCHj(4)(6)HE/H CHjCH?CHC(X)HCHaCH3CHCH3 K2Cr2()； CH3CCH3OHC)Pm 廠八口 r 口CHjCCHCONa屮一&

38、#39;一CHCHj b + NaOHI I ch3 oCH3CCHcOHCH3 ()CHi ()ch3ch2ch2ch2oh -*ch3ch2ch：c(x)h nh, CH3CHlCH2CONH2P2O5CH3CH2CH2CNHBrMg(CHj)2CCH2 (CH3)3CIk-(CH3)3CMgBr1) CQz2) H2()/H(CSCCOOHd(CHQiCCOCl(7)HBrCH2()HCH?-CHzOH HBrCH2C(X)H1JA!H4IIBr1) NaCN2? H2O/H +cz-:C(X)H(1)CHj-C-CHz-C-OQH,丄覚眷：=CHjC-CH-C-g HsCHjCHzCH

39、zBrH：SO4 CH3()H 晉CHKOOH 卅CHQgHs 業(yè)些 CHjCOCFhCOOCzHs6以乙酰乙酸乙酯或丙二酸二乙酯和不超過4個(gè)碳的簡(jiǎn)單有機(jī)物為原料 合成以下化合物：()()CH：CH：CHjch3-c-ch2ch2ch2ch3CH2(C(XXiH5)2C2H5ONA"hCH?CH2Br，CH3CH2CH2-CH(C(X)C2 H5 )2茫CH3CH?CH:-CH(C(X)H)2 -*ch3ch?ch2ch2co()h Z) HCl)?(3)CHiCCOOCHJz C：Hs<)NaEC出CH用 CHjCH'CHlCHOXQHACOOCjHsC(X)HC2H

40、s()N- CHaCKCHz-C-COOQHsCHjBr1) NaOH2)CH3CH2CH：-C-C(X)H(4) CHj-C-CFh-C-gHsCHlC-CHlC g H5 & Hs(>NaOOBr(CH2)<BrCHjCH?CHlCH-C(X)HCH】 0C2Hs()NaCHaCHzCOCr CHj-C-fH-C-g 巴COCHzCHj畀丄 CH3CH2-C-CH2C(X)HZ) n(5) CH2-Br 2NaCN CH?-CN H2O CH2-C(X)H 山1比 CH2CH2()H CH2-BrCH2-CN H* CH2-C(X)H ' CH2-CH2()H2

41、HBr CH：CH2 BrCH2-CH2Br0 01) fNaOH2) r. A '(6) 2CH2(COOC2Hs)2C2H5OZ嚴(yán) 一 CH(COOC2H5)2BrH2CH2Br CH2-CH(C(XH5)2C2HsONaB&H2CH2B；C2H5OOC 廠 COOQHsC2H5OOC 一/ c(xr2H51) NM)H2) H+HOOC 廠、COOH7.推導(dǎo)構(gòu)造式:CH-CHCOOHH3c0 0B. CHjCCHlC()H0B. CH2-CH-C-OCH3(2) HO-C-CH-C-OCHs0 0(3) A CH3-C-CH2-C-OCH(CH3)2OHC. ch3-ch

42、-ch30(4) A CH3-C-O-CH-CH2&以下化合物中，哪些能產(chǎn)生互變異構(gòu)現(xiàn)象？試寫出可能的互變異構(gòu)偽 的構(gòu)造式。能產(chǎn)生互變異構(gòu)現(xiàn)象的是仃、4。其互變異構(gòu)體的構(gòu)造式如下：OH 0I ICH?C-C-C-OCHzCHsCsHs(1)第十章含氮和含磷化合物作業(yè)參考答案1、 11-硝基丙烷2對(duì)硝基甲苯 3乙異丙基胺4N-甲基苯胺51,4-丁二胺6溴化對(duì)甲基重氮苯72,4-二硝基苯肼8丁二酰亞胺97-氯-1-萘胺10N-亞硝基二乙胺2、1CH3-CH-CH-CH2CH3CH3NO22(CH3CH2CH2CH2)3NON3/nh2CH2-CH2I Inh2 nh2/CH3、H3CN-C

43、H(CH3)2JC2H5OH6HOH2CH2C-N-CH3 OHCH3/45CH3I-N-CHCH3OH8nh2O2NNH-CH 2CH 33、 15>4>1>2>3(2)4>1>5>3>24、卩 CH3CH2NH3CI2產(chǎn)C2H5C2H5C2H5 N-CH(CH3)2Br AgOHA C2H5N-CH(CH3)2 OHQC2H5丿匚C2H5丿3-出。- _N-C-CH3CH34CH3Br2、hno3FeBq 1H2SO4BrCH 3Cu2(CN) 2 |一CNBrCH 3NaNO2+HCI .0-5七BrN=NCl5、|'|NH21 a

44、bBr2 a c 水-廠白:無廠CH3NHCH2CH2CH3ch3ch2ch2ch2nh22(ch3)2nch2ch3c有：b黃油狀物:剩下的為:6、SO2CI過濾濾液:a b的苯磺酰氨NaOH濾液:水解a的苯磺酰氨a過濾沉淀為水解b的苯磺酰氨b7、1nh3ch3coohch3coonh 3 OCH3C-NHBr2NaOHCH3NH2HNO3H2SO4NO 2HCINH 2 HNO 3 H 2SO 4FeNH 2 NaNO1NO 20-5 ocN=NCNCu 2 (CN) 22+hciNO 2NO 22CH2NH2,-CH3 吧 Fe2H2SO4NO2HClCH3+NH2n=nNaNO2+HCl -0-50DCH3-OHOH_4H3CN=NOHI -cH3H2SO4HNO3CH 3NO2FeHClCH 3 HNO 3丿 H2SO4NH2CH 3no2nh2NaNO2+HCl i 0-50CCH3N=N+no2H2OH3PO2CH3NO2FeHClNH2CH35CH3CH2OHHBrCH3CH2BrNaCH3CH2CH2CH3Br2光CH3CHCH2CH3BrNH3 戸 CH3CHCH2CH3NH26NO2HNO4H2SO4“FeHCl7no2嗎I-H2SO4Fe&