必單語(yǔ)法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1、ks5u精品課件can and could may and might will and would shall and should must and cant ks5u精品課件情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表說(shuō)話人的某種感情情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表說(shuō)話人的某種感情或語(yǔ)氣，對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的或語(yǔ)氣，對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的某種態(tài)度。表示某種態(tài)度。表示“需要、可以、需要、可以、必須、應(yīng)當(dāng)必須、應(yīng)當(dāng)”等。等。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 ( modal verbs)ks5u精品課件HecantakepartintheOlympics.Hemaywinthegoldenmedal.Towinit,hemustrunfaster.ks5u精品課件He

2、canHemay/mightHemustks5u精品課件Can Couldks5u精品課件 So he can carry heavy books. He couldnt open the door by himself. Could you open the door, please? ability abilityrequestks5u精品課件1) 表示能力（表示能力（ability），指有能力做某事，意為），指有能力做某事，意為“能夠能夠”。例如：。例如：注意：表示現(xiàn)在，將來(lái)注意：表示現(xiàn)在，將來(lái)“能夠能夠”可用可用be able to 替換。表示過(guò)去替換。表示過(guò)去“能夠能夠”并成功了只能

3、用并成功了只能用was/ were able to, 不能用不能用could。例如。例如My grandma is over eighty, but she can/ is able to read without glasses.We can/ will be able to talk about the matter later. I talked with her for a long time, and at last I was able to make her believe me.(不能用不能用could) can can 和和couldcould：ks5u精品課件2) 表示請(qǐng)求

4、（表示請(qǐng)求（request）或（）或（permission）。）。意為意為“可否可否”、“可以可以”。 Could 比比can 更有禮貌，在此不是更有禮貌，在此不是can的過(guò)去式。的過(guò)去式。 Can you wait a moment please? Liz, can you do me a favor? Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the station? I wonder if you could help me. (request) ks5u精品課件 - Could I use your phone? -Yes, of course.

5、You can. Do you think I could borrow your bike? (permission) 3) 表示可能性（表示可能性（possibility） a. can 表示泛指的表示泛指的“可能可能”，并非說(shuō)話者主，并非說(shuō)話者主觀認(rèn)為的可能性，即并非說(shuō)話者的主觀猜測(cè)。觀認(rèn)為的可能性，即并非說(shuō)話者的主觀猜測(cè)。Accident can happen to any drunken driver. ks5u精品課件b.表示說(shuō)話者主觀猜測(cè)，只能用于否定表示說(shuō)話者主觀猜測(cè)，只能用于否定句或疑問句中。例如：句或疑問句中。例如：It cant be my father. He is n

6、ow in England. -Can it rain tomorrow? -No, it cant. ks5u精品課件may mightks5u精品課件 He may be in his office.=( perhaps he is in his office.) He might be having lunch.=( perhaps he is having lunch.)ks5u精品課件may may 和和might might ：1） 表示可能性（表示可能性（possibility）,用于對(duì)現(xiàn)用于對(duì)現(xiàn)在，過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)的推測(cè)，暗示不確定。在，過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)的推測(cè)，暗示不確定。might 不是

7、不是may的過(guò)去式，它所表示的的過(guò)去式，它所表示的可能性比可能性比may 小，含較多的懷疑。小，含較多的懷疑。He may be very busy now. (可能性較大可能性較大)He might be very busy now. (可能性較小可能性較小) ks5u精品課件2） 表示許可（表示許可（permission），表示允許別人），表示允許別人做某事，做某事， 也可征求對(duì)方的許可。也可征求對(duì)方的許可。 He may go now. We may keep the book for two weeks.3） 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。用于祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed!

8、May you have a nice trip! ks5u精品課件1. They (can/might) _be away for the weekend but Im not sure.2. You (may/might) _leave now if you wish.3. (could/may) _you open the window a bit, please?4. He (can/could) _be from America, judging by his accent.5. (may/can) _you swim?6. Listen, please. You (may not/

9、might not) _ speak during this exam. May, might, can, couldmightmaycouldcouldCan may not表示猜測(cè)表示許可表示請(qǐng)求表示猜測(cè)表示能力表示不允許ks5u精品課件7. They (can not/may not) _ still be out, the light is on in the house.8. You (couldnt/might not) _ smoke on the bus.9. With luck, tomorrow (can/could) _be a cooler day.10. You (c

10、an/might) _ be right, but Im going back to check it.May, might, can, couldcan notcouldntcouldmight表示猜測(cè)(不可能)表示許可表示猜測(cè)表示猜測(cè)ks5u精品課件 I pay a visit to my aunt, but Im not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. A should B might C would D could 選 Bks5u精品課件willwill和和wouldwould： 1）表示意愿）表示意愿表 示 愿 意 做 或 主 動(dòng)

11、 提 出 做 ， 如 意 志表 示 愿 意 做 或 主 動(dòng) 提 出 做 ， 如 意 志 , 愿 望 或 決 心愿 望 或 決 心That bag looks heavy, Ill help you with it.( offering to do sth)- You know that book I lent you. Can I have it back if youve finished with it?- Of course. Ill give it to you this afternoon.(agreement)Thanks for lending me the money, Ill

12、 pay you back on Friday. (promise) ks5u精品課件2）表示習(xí)慣）表示習(xí)慣(habit, custom)This old man is strange. He will sit for hours without saying anything. We would sit around Grandpa after supper, listening to his stories.3）表示請(qǐng)求（）表示請(qǐng)求（request）, 用于第二人稱用于第二人稱, would 比比will 更委婉。更委婉。 例如：例如：Will you come this way, ple

13、ase?Would you open the window? ks5u精品課件shallshall和和shouldshould：1）shall 的用法的用法a. shall 在疑問句中用于第一，第三人稱，在疑問句中用于第一，第三人稱，表示征求對(duì)方的意見。表示征求對(duì)方的意見。Shall we put off the sports meeting until next month?Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow? ks5u精品課件b. shall 用于第二，第三人稱，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方用于第二，第三人稱，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令，警告，允諾或威脅。的命令，警告，

14、允諾或威脅。You shall fail if you dont work harder. （警告）（警告）He shall have the book when I finish reading it.(允諾允諾)He shall be punished.(威脅威脅) ks5u精品課件 a. should 表示勸告、建議、命令。表示勸告、建議、命令。You should go to class right away.b. should 表示期待，用于表達(dá)合理推斷（表示期待，用于表達(dá)合理推斷（prediction，意為意為“應(yīng)該應(yīng)該” ），或明顯的結(jié)果（意為），或明顯的結(jié)果（意為“可能可能”）

15、且所期待的事幾乎是事實(shí)。且所期待的事幾乎是事實(shí)。It is three oclock, the football game should begin now. Mary took dancing lessons for years, she should be an excellent dancer. 2) should 的用法的用法ks5u精品課件1. We _ smoke here, because the worker is carrying some petrol.2. It is dangerous. You _ leave the room immediately.3. He _

16、go hiking with friends at weekends when young.4. Write to me when you get home. -I _.5. -Need I hand in my exercise book at once? -Yes, you_.6. You have been working all day. You _ be very tired.7. It is a long time since we met last time. You _ come and see us more often.8. Why dont you try on this

17、 dress? It _ look nice on you.will, would, shall, should, must:mustntshouldwouldwillmustmustshouldwill表示禁止,不許可表示建議,命令表示過(guò)去重復(fù)表示意愿表示必須表示肯定猜測(cè)表示建議表示將會(huì),一定會(huì)ks5u精品課件must and cant ks5u精品課件mustmust和和cantcant：must 用來(lái)表示用來(lái)表示“命令命令”、“推測(cè)推測(cè)”等含義。等含義。1）表示規(guī)定、指令）表示規(guī)定、指令表示規(guī)定、指令時(shí)主要指客觀上的法律、條文表示規(guī)定、指令時(shí)主要指客觀上的法律、條文規(guī)定，常常翻譯為規(guī)定，

18、常常翻譯為“應(yīng)該、必須應(yīng)該、必須”之類意思。之類意思。mustnt表示禁止表示禁止You must have a passport if you want to go abroad.ks5u精品課件2) 表示主觀的命令、禁止表示主觀的命令、禁止表示主觀的命令、禁止時(shí)，主要指說(shuō)話者表示主觀的命令、禁止時(shí)，主要指說(shuō)話者主觀的命令或強(qiáng)烈的勸告。主觀的命令或強(qiáng)烈的勸告。You can go out with your friend but you must come back before 11 at night. -Must I hand in the exercise today?-No, you

19、 neednt. 。ks5u精品課件 3）表示猜測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣非?？隙?，近乎確定的意）表示猜測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣非?？隙?，近乎確定的意味，一般用于肯定句，意為肯定味，一般用于肯定句，意為肯定。其否。其否定為定為cant，意為不可能，意為不可能. 。You must be ill. I can see it from your face. He cant be at home. I saw him in the classroom just now. ks5u精品課件must和和 have to1.must用于一般問句中用于一般問句中,肯定回答用肯定回答用must否定式用否定式用 neednt或或dont hav

20、e to，做做 “不必不必”,mustnt表示表示“禁止，不允許禁止，不允許” MustIfinishallassignmentsatatime?Yes,youmust.No,youneednt.ks5u精品課件I dont like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.2.表示表示“必須必須”這個(gè)意思時(shí)，這個(gè)意思時(shí)，must 和和have to 稍有區(qū)別。稍有區(qū)別。must著重說(shuō)明主觀著重說(shuō)明主觀看法，看法，have to 強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。另外，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。另外，ha

21、ve to 能用于更多時(shí)態(tài)。能用于更多時(shí)態(tài)。 ks5u精品課件Not sure Very sure He might be in the classroom. He may be in the classroom. He could be in the classroom. He should be in the classroom. He must be in the classroom. ks5u精品課件1. Find sentences with models in the passage: Other celebrations were held when hunters could

22、catch animals. They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty. or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. In Japan the festival is called Obon, when people should go to clean the graves and light incense in mem

23、ory of their ancestors. On this important feast day, people might eat food in the shape of skulls, and cakes with “bones” on them. It is now a childrens festival, when they can go to their neighbours homes and ask for sweets.1. abilitypossibilitypossibilitythe past habitpossibilitypossibilityks5u精品課

24、件7. If they are not given anything, the children might play a trick.8. Some people might win awards for their animals, flowers, fruit and vegetables,9. At the Spring Festival in China, peopleand may give children lucky money in red paper.10. They might include parades, dancing in the streets day and

25、 night. possibilitypossibilitypossibilitypossibilityks5u精品課件2.Complete the following sentences with proper modal verbs. 1)Youvebeenworkingallday.You_beverytired. 2)(Thedoorbellrings)Iwonderwhothatis,it_beLisa.Shesstillinthelibraryatthistime. 3)Itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime.You_comeandseeusmoreofte

26、n. 4)IhaventdecidedwhereImgoingformyholidays.I_gotoAustralia. 5)Myfathersbirthdayiscoming.What_Igethim? 6)Whydontyoutryonthisdress?It_lookniceonyou. 7)“Whowasthemantalkingwithyourteacher?”“Imnotsure.It_beherbrother. 8)Idontknowwhentheguests_behere.They_arriveatanytime.mustcantshouldmayshallwillmight

27、willcouldks5u精品課件1.-Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.-It_acomfortablejourney.()A.cantbeB.mustnthavebeenC.shouldntbeD.couldnthavebeenD2.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_getout.()A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasabletoDks5u精品課件3.Peter_comewithustonight,butheisntverysure.A