B6u1Art---虛擬語(yǔ)氣(一)(if條件狀語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣)--課件(1)

1、 如果我有一千萬(wàn)，我就能買(mǎi)一棟別墅如果我有一千萬(wàn)，我就能買(mǎi)一棟別墅 我有一千萬(wàn)嗎？我有一千萬(wàn)嗎？ 沒(méi)有。沒(méi)有。 所以我仍然沒(méi)有別墅。所以我仍然沒(méi)有別墅。 如果我有翅膀，我就能飛。如果我有翅膀，我就能飛。 我有翅膀嗎？我有翅膀嗎？ 沒(méi)有。沒(méi)有。 所以我也沒(méi)辦法飛。所以我也沒(méi)辦法飛。 如果把整個(gè)太平洋的水倒出，如果把整個(gè)太平洋的水倒出， 也澆不息我對(duì)你愛(ài)情的火也澆不息我對(duì)你愛(ài)情的火 整個(gè)太平洋的水全部倒得出嗎？整個(gè)太平洋的水全部倒得出嗎？ 不行。不行。 所以我并不愛(ài)你。所以我并不愛(ài)你。 The Subjunctive Mood虛擬語(yǔ)氣（一虛擬語(yǔ)氣（一) )新泰一中：范霞新泰一中：范霞 2011,1

2、12011,11，9 94陳述陳述 語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)氣I went to the theatre yesterday.Jack hadnt come back home yet.（用來(lái)陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，或提出一種看法。有肯定、否定、疑問(wèn)和感嘆等形式。）4祁使語(yǔ)氣祁使語(yǔ)氣Lets go.Dont touch anything on the table until the bell rings. （ 用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、命令、警告或勸告等。）4虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣If I were you,I would not leave her alone.Our teacher suggested that we go to

3、 the library this afternoon.表示說(shuō)話(huà)人所說(shuō)的話(huà)表示說(shuō)話(huà)人所說(shuō)的話(huà)不是事實(shí)不是事實(shí)，而是一種一種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑、猜測(cè)或建議假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑、猜測(cè)或建議主要用在主要用在if條件狀語(yǔ)從句條件狀語(yǔ)從句中；中；也可用在主語(yǔ)從句也可用在主語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中。賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中。判斷語(yǔ)氣判斷語(yǔ)氣： 1. Knowledge is power. 2. One is never too old to learn. 3How bright the moon is tonight! 4. Open the window, please. 5. I w

4、ish that he had followed my advice. 6.The teacher suggested that we should read aloud. 7. If I were you, I would not say that. 8. If I have time tomorrow, I will call you.（陳述）（陳述）（祈使）（祈使） （虛擬）（虛擬）（陳述）（陳述）（陳述）（陳述）（虛擬）（虛擬）（虛擬條件句）（虛擬條件句）（真實(shí)條件句）（真實(shí)條件句） a.真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句 表示條件是真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的,采用陳述語(yǔ)氣. b.虛擬條件句虛擬條件句 表示

5、條件是無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)或幾乎無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的,采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣. 2. IFIF虛擬條件句的概念虛擬條件句的概念 由 if 引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句叫作 IF虛擬條件句I could easily recognize if I had seen him before.(如果我以前見(jiàn)過(guò)他）如果我以前見(jiàn)過(guò)他） 其他虛擬條件句其他虛擬條件句Without your help,I couldnt have finished my work on time. （沒(méi)有你的幫忙）（沒(méi)有你的幫忙）三. IF Sentence Structure IF Sentence Structure IFIF虛擬條件句的結(jié)構(gòu)虛擬條件句的結(jié)構(gòu) IF

6、虛擬條件句根據(jù)條件所處時(shí)態(tài)分為三類(lèi). a. 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 的假設(shè).b. 表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 的假設(shè).c. 表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反 的假設(shè).1、虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于條件狀語(yǔ)條件狀語(yǔ)從句中從句中 （1）表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，條件 狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“過(guò)去式（過(guò)去式（be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式用were）”， 而主句主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 “would / should/ could / might + 動(dòng)詞原形”。If 條件從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣If I were a boy, I would join the army.What would you d

7、o if you won the lottery?If I won the lottery,I wouldIf I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. If I had a lot of money, I would buy a villa.If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.PRACTICE 1PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks. a. If they _ (be) here,they _(take) your advice

8、. b. If the world-war _ (burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth? c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room, it _ (be) very dangerous. d. If I _ (be) in your position,I _(ask) for teachers help.werewould takeburstwould happenwere notcould bewerewould ask2 與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反從句的謂語(yǔ)從句的謂

9、語(yǔ)用用had過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成，構(gòu)成If I (we, you, he, they)had過(guò)去分詞的形式；過(guò)去分詞的形式；主句的謂語(yǔ)主句的謂語(yǔ)用用should/would/could/might have 過(guò)去分詞。過(guò)去分詞。If he more carefully, he the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had If I how to swim, I trapped in this island.had learnt would not have been PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blank

10、s a. If Tom (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already. b. If you (get) up earlier, you _ (catch) the first train. c. If I (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.had beenwould have passedhad gotwould have caughthad metwould have gone3 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反從句的謂語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用用If I (we, y

11、ou, he, they) 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 或或were to do 或或should do 形式，形式，主句謂語(yǔ)主句謂語(yǔ)用用 should/would/could/ might 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形。If he got up early, he would be on time假如他來(lái)了，假如他來(lái)了， 我們對(duì)他說(shuō)什么呢？我們對(duì)他說(shuō)什么呢？If he were to come, what should we say to him.假如他看見(jiàn)我，假如他看見(jiàn)我， 就會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)我。就會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)我。If he should see me, he would know me.PRACTICE 3PRACTIC

12、E 3: Fill in the blanks a. If there (be) no natural resource any more,we (make) use of nuclear power . b. What (happen) if you_(get up) too late tomorrow? c. If Robots (control) the world some day,there (be) no friendship .should beshould makewould happenshould get upwere to controlwould be總結(jié)：虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條

13、件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。條件從句 If 從句的謂語(yǔ)形式 主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)去未來(lái)過(guò)去時(shí)（were）過(guò)去完成時(shí)would/could/should/ might +V.（原）would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.過(guò)去時(shí)2.should+V.3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V.（原）使用虛擬條件句要注意的幾點(diǎn)：使用虛擬條件句要注意的幾點(diǎn)：當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱(chēng)為：所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱(chēng)為：”錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句“，動(dòng)詞的形式要

14、根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整整If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.如果你聽(tīng)我的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)痊愈了如果你聽(tīng)我的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)痊愈了如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)的話(huà)，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)是大學(xué)生如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)的話(huà)，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)是大學(xué)生了了If the staff had been more careful, the mall would not be on fir

15、e now.省略句省略句 在條件句中，可省略在條件句中，可省略 if，把，把were ,had, should 提到句首，提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式變?yōu)榈寡b句式If I were at school again, I would study harder.If you had come earlier, you would have met him.If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.注意：若省略的條件句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定式，不能用動(dòng)詞注意：若省略的條件句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定式，不能用動(dòng)詞的縮略形式如我們可以說(shuō)的縮略形式如我們可以

16、說(shuō) Were it not for expense, I would go abroad now. 不可以說(shuō)不可以說(shuō)Werent it for the expense,Were I at school again, I would study harder.Had you come earlier, you would have met him.Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 、用介詞短語(yǔ)代替條件狀語(yǔ)從句常用的介詞有、用介詞短語(yǔ)代替條件狀語(yǔ)從句常用的介詞有with, without, but for 等。如：等。如：What

17、 would you do with a million dollars?We could not have finished the work ahead of time without your help.But for the rain we would have finished the work.(=If you had a million dollars)?(=if we hadnt got your help).(=If it hadnt been for the rain),、含蓄條件句。、含蓄條件句。有時(shí)為了表達(dá)的需要，在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中并不是總是有時(shí)為了表達(dá)的需要，在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中并

18、不是總是出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)if引導(dǎo)的條件句，而是通過(guò)其他手段來(lái)代替條引導(dǎo)的條件句，而是通過(guò)其他手段來(lái)代替條件句。件句。4 . Everything taken into consideration, they would have raised their output quickly.（獨(dú)立主格）1. I was ill that day. Otherwise , I would have taken part in the sports meet.（副詞）2 . He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known no

19、thing about it.（連詞）3 . I might have given you more help, but I was too busy.（連詞）I would buy the book, but I have not enough money.I would have bought the book, but I didnt have enough money.I havent enough money, otherwise I would buy the book.I didnt have enough money, otherwise I would have bought the book.我會(huì)買(mǎi)那本書(shū)的，但我現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有錢(qián)我會(huì)買(mǎi)那本書(shū)的，但我現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有錢(qián)我會(huì)買(mǎi)那本書(shū)的，但我當(dāng)時(shí)