高中英語必修一課文及翻譯(自己總結(jié))打印版

1、第一課Anne s best friendDo you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like yourdeepest feeling and thoughts? Or are you afraid of your friend wouldlaugh at you, or would not understand what you are going throught. Anne Frank want the first kind. She made her diary her best friend.Anne lived i

2、n Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War R .Her family wad Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by German Nazis. They hid away for twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friends was her diary.She said,“I don t want to set down a series of

3、facts as most peopledo. But I want this diary itself to be my best friend, and I shall call myfriend Kitty. Now read how she felt after being in the hiding placesince July 1942.你是不是想有一位無話不談能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是擔(dān)心你的 朋友會(huì)嘲笑你，會(huì)不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮弗蘭克想要的是第一種類型的朋友，于是她就把日記當(dāng)成了她最好的 朋友。安妮在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間住在荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是猶太 人，所

4、以他們不得不躲藏起來，否則他們就會(huì)被德國納粹抓去。她和她的家人 躲藏了二十五個(gè)月之后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。在這段時(shí)間里，她唯一的忠實(shí)朋友就是她的 日記了。她說，“我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬。我要把這本日記 當(dāng)作我的朋友，我要把我這個(gè)朋友稱作基蒂”。 安妮從 1942 年七月起就躲藏 在那里了，現(xiàn)在來看看他當(dāng)時(shí)的心情吧。Thursday 15 th June 1944Dear Kitty,I wonder if its because I haven t been able to be outdoors for solong that I ve grown so crazy about every

5、thing to do with nature.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the songs of the bird, moonlight and flower could never have kept me spellbound. Thats changed since I came here.for example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in o

6、rder to have a good look at the moon by myself. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn t dare open the window. Another time five month ago, I happened to be upstairs whenat dusk when the window wasopen. I didnt go downstairs until the window had to be shut. Thedark, rainy evening, the wind,

7、 thethundering clouds held meentirely in their power ; it was the first time in a year and a half that I d seen the night face to face Sadly T am only able to look at nature through dirty curtainshanging before very dusty window. It s no pleasure looking through these any longer, because nature is o

8、ne thing really must be experienced.Yours,nne我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L久無法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無比狂熱。我記得非常清楚，以前，湛藍(lán)的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未令我心迷神往過。自從我來到這里，這一切都變了。比方說，有天晚上天氣很暖和，我熬到 11點(diǎn)半故意不睡覺，為的是獨(dú)自好好看看月亮。但是因?yàn)樵鹿馓亮耍也桓掖蜷_窗戶。還有一次，就在五個(gè)月以前的一個(gè)晚上，我碰巧在樓上，窗戶是開著的。我一直等到非關(guān)窗不可的時(shí)候才下樓去。漆黑的夜晚，風(fēng)吹雨打，雷電交加，我全然被這種力量鎮(zhèn)住了。這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚不幸的是我只能透

9、過那滿是灰塵的窗簾下那臟兮兮的窗戶看看大自然。只能隔著窗戶看那大自然實(shí)在沒意思，因?yàn)榇笞匀皇切枰嬲w驗(yàn)的東西。UNIT2The road to modern EnglishAt the end of the 16 th century, about five to seven million people spoken English. Nearlyvoyagesall of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England madeto conquer other parts of the world

10、 andbecause ofthat, English began to be spoken inmany other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.Native English speaks can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kindof English. Look at this example:British Betty: W

11、ould you like to see my flat?American Amy: yes. I like tocome up to your apartment .So why has English changed over time？ Actually all languages change and developwhen cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very differe

12、nt from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than English we speakat present . Then gradually between aboutAD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoken first Danishand later French. These new settlers enriched the English language andespeci

13、ally itsvocabulary . So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able tomake use of a widervocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the18 th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries.Finally by the 19 th cen

14、tury the language was settled. At that time too big changes inEnglish spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.English now is also a spoken as

15、a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example,India has a very large number offluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from1765 to 1947. During that time English became language for government and education.English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa

16、 such as SouthAfrica. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.在 16 世紀(jì)末，大約有500 萬至 700萬人講英語。幾乎所有這些講英語的人都住在英格蘭。在其后的一個(gè)世紀(jì)中，英格蘭人為征服世界航海到了世界

17、其他一些地方，結(jié)果世界的其他地方的人們也開始說英語了。今天， 把英語作為自己的第一語言、第二語言或外語來使用的人比以往任何時(shí)候都多。以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講不是同一種英語，他們也能彼此聽懂。請(qǐng)看看這個(gè)例子：英國人貝蒂：來看看我的公寓(flat )嗎？美國人艾米：好的，我來看看你的公寓(apartment )吧。那么， 隨著時(shí)間的推移英語為什么發(fā)生了變化呢？實(shí)際上，當(dāng)不同文化相互交流滲透時(shí)，所有的語言都會(huì)有所發(fā)展和變化。開始，英格蘭人在大約公元450 年到1150 年之間所說的英語與我們今天所說的英語很不一樣。當(dāng)時(shí)的英語更多的是以德語為基礎(chǔ)的，不像我們現(xiàn)在說的英語。后來，大約在公元800

18、 年至 1150 年之間，英語慢慢變得不那么像德語，因?yàn)榻y(tǒng)治英格蘭的那些人開始是說丹麥語，后來說法語。這些新來的定居者豐富了英語語言，尤其是豐富了英語詞匯。所以到17 世紀(jì)初的時(shí)候，莎士比亞能夠得以使用比以往任何時(shí)候都豐富的詞匯。1620 年一些英國定居者來到了美洲，后來到了18 世紀(jì)的時(shí)候，一些英國人還被帶到了澳大利亞。英語也就開始在這兩個(gè)國家使用。最后到19世紀(jì)的時(shí)候，英語這種語言就變得穩(wěn)定了。當(dāng)時(shí)，英語的拼寫發(fā)生了兩個(gè)很大的變化：先是塞繆爾約翰遜編寫了他的英語詞典，后是諾亞韋伯斯特出版了美國英語詞典。后者使得美式英語的拼寫有了其獨(dú)特的個(gè)性?，F(xiàn)在英語在南亞地區(qū)也被作為外語或第二語言使用。比

19、如，印度就有很多人說英語說得很流利，因?yàn)樵?765 年到 1947年之間英國統(tǒng)治著印度。在此期間，英語成了印度政府和教育所用的語言。在新加坡和馬來西亞以及像非洲的南非，人們現(xiàn)在也說英語。當(dāng)今，在中國學(xué)英語的人數(shù)正在快速增加，事實(shí)上，中國可能是學(xué)英語人數(shù)最多的國家。中國式英語是否也能發(fā)展成一種具有自己獨(dú)特個(gè)性的語言？這還有待時(shí)間去證明。Unit3Journey Down the MekongPart1 The dream and the playMy name is Wang Kun. Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have

20、dreamed about taking a great bike trip. Two years ago she bought an expensive mountainbike and then shepersuaded me to buy one. Last year, she visited our cousins, Dao Wei andYu Hang at their college if Kunming. They are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River, the Chinese

21、part of the river that is called the Mekong River in othercountries. Wang Wei soon got time interested in cycling too. After graduating fromcollege, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip. I asked my sister,“ Where are wegoing? ” It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the enti

22、re Mekong River fromwhere it begins to where it ends. Now she is planning ourschedule for the trip.I am fond of my sister but she has one serious shortcoming . She can be reallystubborn . Although she didn wtktnhoe best way of getting to places, she insisted that sheorganize the trip properly. Now I

23、 know that the proper way is always her way. I kept askingher, “ When are we leaving and when are we coming back?” I asked her whether she hadlooked at a map yet. Of course she hadn t; my sister doesn care abotutdetails. So I told herthat the source of the Mekong is in Qinghai Province. She gave me

24、adetermined look - thekind that said she would notchange her mind . When I told her that our journey wouldbegin at an altitude of more than 5,000 meters, she seemed to be excited about it. When Itold her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be aninteresting e

25、xperience. I know my sister well. Once she hasmade up her mind , nothing canchange it. Finally, I had to give in .Several months before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the library. We found a largeatlas with good maps that showed details of world geography. From the atlas we could seethat the Mekon

26、g River begins in a glacier to move quickly. It becomes rapids as it passesthrough deep valleys , traveling across western Yunnan Province. Sometimes the river becomes a water fall and enters wide valleys. We were both surprised to learn that half of the river is in China. After it leaves China and

27、high altitude, the Mekong becomes wide, brownand warm. As it enters Southeast Asia, itspace slows. It makes wide bends or meandersthrough low valleys to the plains where rice grows. At last, the river delta enters the SouthChina Sea.我的名字叫王坤。從高中起，我姐姐和我就一直夢(mèng)想作一次偉大的自行車旅行。兩年前，她買了一輛價(jià)錢昂貴的山地自行車，然后她還說服我也買了一輛

28、。去年她去看望了我們的表兄弟在昆明讀大學(xué)的刀偉和宇航。他們是傣族人，在云南省西部靠近瀾滄江的地方長大，湄公河在中國境內(nèi)的這一段叫瀾滄江，流經(jīng)其他國家后就叫湄公河。很快，王薇使表兄弟也對(duì)騎車旅行產(chǎn)生了興趣。到大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，我們終于有了作一次騎車旅行的機(jī)會(huì)。我問姐姐： “我們要去哪里？”首先想到要沿湄公河從源頭到終點(diǎn)騎車旅行的是我的姐姐?，F(xiàn)在，她正為這次旅行制訂計(jì)劃。我很喜歡我姐姐，但是她有一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的缺點(diǎn)，她有時(shí)確實(shí)很固執(zhí)。盡管她對(duì)到某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅(jiān)持要把這次旅行安排的盡善盡美?，F(xiàn)在我知道了這個(gè)盡善盡美的方式總是她的方式。我老是問她： “我們什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身？什么時(shí)候回來？”我問她是否

29、已經(jīng)看過地圖。當(dāng)然她并沒有看過，我的姐姐是不會(huì)考慮細(xì)節(jié)的。于是我告訴她湄公河的源頭在青海省。她給了我一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的眼神這種眼神表明她是不會(huì)改變主意的。當(dāng)我告訴她我們的旅行將從5000 多米的的高地出發(fā)時(shí)，她似乎顯得很興奮。當(dāng)我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸會(huì)很困難，而且天氣會(huì)很冷時(shí)，她卻說這將是一次很有趣的經(jīng)歷。我非常了解我的姐姐，她一旦下了決心，就什么也不能使她改變。最后，我只好讓步了。在我們旅行前的幾個(gè)月，王薇和我去了圖書館。我們找到了一本大型的地圖冊(cè)，里面有一些世界地理的明細(xì)圖。我們從圖上可以看到，湄公河源于西藏一座山上的冰川。起初，河很小，河水清澈而冷冽，然后它開始快速流動(dòng)。它穿過深谷時(shí)就變成了

30、急流。流經(jīng)云南西部。有時(shí)，這條河形成瀑布進(jìn)入寬闊的峽谷。我們驚奇的發(fā)現(xiàn)這條河有一半是在中國境內(nèi)。當(dāng)流出中國，流出高地后，湄公河就變寬，變暖了。河水也變成了黃褐色。而當(dāng)它進(jìn)入東南亞以后，流速減慢，河水變寬慢慢地穿過低谷，到了長著稻谷的平原。最后，湄公河三角洲的各支流流入中國南海。Unit4A Night the Earth didn t SleepStrange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days thewater in the villagewells rose and fell

31、, rose and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds. At about 3:00 a

32、m on July 28, 1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the waterpipes in some buildings crackedand burst . But the onemillion people of the city, who thought little of these event

33、s, wereasleep as usual the night.At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemedas if the world was at an end ! Elevenkilometers directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century had begun. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. One-third of thenati

34、onfelt it. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals . Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt . In fifteen terrible seconds a large city layin ruins . The suffering of the people wasextreme . Two-thi

35、rds of them died or wereinjured during the earthquake. Thousands offamilies were killed of injured reached more than 400,000.But how could the survivors believe it was natural? Everywhere they looked nearly every thing was destroyed . All of the city s hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings a

36、nd 90%of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could blow them away. Twodams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were notsafe for traveling. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk a

37、gain. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead.shocked . Then, later that afternoon,Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. Some of therescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.

38、More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long thedisaster wouldlast.All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers ofthousands of people were helped. The army organized teams todig out those who weretrapped and

39、to bury the dead. To the north of the city, most of the 10,000miners wererescued from the coal mines there. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.河北省東北部的農(nóng)村不斷有些怪事發(fā)生：三天來，

40、村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。農(nóng)夫注意到，水井的井壁上有深 深的裂縫，裂縫里冒出臭氣。農(nóng)家大院里的雞，甚至豬都緊張得不想吃食。老鼠從田地里跑出來找地方藏身。魚缸和池塘里的魚會(huì)往外跳。在1976年7月28日凌晨3點(diǎn)左右，有些人看到天上一道道明亮的光。即使天空沒有飛機(jī)，在唐山城外也可 以聽到飛機(jī)聲。在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂開來。但是，唐山市的一百萬居民幾乎都沒有把這些情況當(dāng)一回事，當(dāng)天 晚上照常睡著了。在凌晨3點(diǎn)42分，一切都開始搖晃起來。 世界似乎到了末日！二十世紀(jì)最大的一次地震就在唐山市正下方11公里處發(fā)生了。100公里以外的北京市都感到了地震，全國 1 / 3的地方都有震感。一條 8

41、公里長30米寬的巨大裂縫橫穿房舍、馬路 和渠道。地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸氣。石頭山變成了泥沙河，在可怕的15秒鐘內(nèi)，一座大城市就沉淪在一片廢墟之中。人們?cè)馐艿臑?zāi)難極為深重。2/3的人在地震中死去或受傷。成千上萬個(gè)家庭遇難，許多孩子變成了孤兒。死傷的人數(shù)達(dá)到40多萬。幸存的人們又怎么能相信這是自然現(xiàn)象呢？人們無論朝哪里看，哪里的一切都幾乎被毀了。所有的市內(nèi)醫(yī)院、75%的工廠和建筑物、90%的家園都消失了。殘磚就像秋天的紅葉覆蓋著大地，然而它們是不可能被風(fēng)刮走的。兩座大壩垮了，多數(shù) 橋梁不是塌了就是無法安全通行了。鐵軌如今成了一條條廢鋼。好幾萬頭牛再也擠不出奶來。50萬頭豬和幾百萬只雞全都死了。井里滿

42、是沙子，而不是水。人們驚呆了。接著，在下午晚些時(shí)候，又一次和第一次一樣的強(qiáng)烈的地震震撼著唐山。有 些醫(yī)生和救援人員被困在廢墟下面。更多的房屋倒塌了。水、電和食物都很難弄到。人們開始納悶，這場災(zāi)難還會(huì)持續(xù)多久。不是所有的希望都破滅了。地震后不久，部隊(duì)派了15萬名戰(zhàn)士到唐山來協(xié)助救援人員，數(shù)十萬的人得到了救助。部隊(duì)人員組成小分隊(duì)，將受困的人們挖出來，將死者掩埋。在唐山市的北邊，有一個(gè)萬名礦工的煤礦，其中多數(shù)人得救了。援救 人員為那些家園被毀的幸存者蓋起了避難所，用火車、卡車和飛機(jī)向市內(nèi)運(yùn)來了水。慢慢地、慢慢地，這座城市又開始出現(xiàn) 了生機(jī)。Unit5Elias ' StoryMy name

43、is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time when I first metNelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. He offeredguidance to poorblack people on their legal problems. He was

44、 generous with his time, for which I wasgrateful.I needed his help because I had very little education. I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. I had to leave because myfamily could not continue to pay the schoolfees and the bus fare. I could n

45、ot read or writewell. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. However, this was a time when one had gotto have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have it because I was not bornthere, and I worried about whether I would becomeout of work .The day when Nelson Mandela helped me

46、was one of my happiest. He told me how to getthe correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. I became moreI never forgot how kind Mandela was. When he organized the ANCit as soon as I could. He said:“ The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws sthopeful about my future.Youth League , I joinedopping out rights andprogress, until today we have reached astage where we have almost no rights at all.It was the truth. Black people could notvote or choose their leaders. They could not getthe jobs they wanted. The parts of t