高考七選五解題步驟與技巧說(shuō)課材料

1、高考七選五解題步驟與技巧二、命題規(guī)律及考察趨勢(shì)：二、命題規(guī)律及考察趨勢(shì)：考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)題量分布題量分布2012課標(biāo)、全國(guó)12013課標(biāo)、全國(guó)12014課標(biāo)、全國(guó)12015 課標(biāo)、全國(guó)1主題句0022過(guò)渡句1111細(xì)節(jié)4422解題步驟：解題步驟：（在高考的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)如果考生用大量的時(shí)間來(lái)徹底（在高考的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)如果考生用大量的時(shí)間來(lái)徹底讀懂文章的意思其實(shí)是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的，也是沒(méi)有必要的，我們可讀懂文章的意思其實(shí)是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的，也是沒(méi)有必要的，我們可以嘗試以下四步走。以嘗試以下四步走。)首先把選項(xiàng)先讀一遍首先把選項(xiàng)先讀一遍1.先讀先讀文章的開(kāi)始部分文章的開(kāi)始部分，明確文章的基本話題，明確文章的基本話題,然后仔細(xì)閱讀五個(gè)然后仔

2、細(xì)閱讀五個(gè)空各自的空各自的前后前后句尋找并畫(huà)出句尋找并畫(huà)出關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞。2.要對(duì)文章中出現(xiàn)的銜接手段保持敏感度。銜接手段分為三種：要對(duì)文章中出現(xiàn)的銜接手段保持敏感度。銜接手段分為三種：詞匯銜接、邏輯銜接、結(jié)構(gòu)銜接詞匯銜接、邏輯銜接、結(jié)構(gòu)銜接?？砂催@幾個(gè)原則判斷原文的空?？砂催@幾個(gè)原則判斷原文的空與選項(xiàng)是否匹配。與選項(xiàng)是否匹配。3.一旦確定一個(gè)選項(xiàng)，就要在該選項(xiàng)上做出標(biāo)記（例如可以刪掉一旦確定一個(gè)選項(xiàng)，就要在該選項(xiàng)上做出標(biāo)記（例如可以刪掉），以避免干擾和分散注意力。），以避免干擾和分散注意力。4.將將選項(xiàng)選項(xiàng)代入到文章中重讀，依據(jù)行文邏輯，再次確定選項(xiàng)。代入到文章中重讀，依據(jù)行文邏輯，再次確定選

3、項(xiàng)。細(xì)節(jié)類題型解題技巧細(xì)節(jié)類題型解題技巧 The scientists say that the human life has changed greatlyOur bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses 72 72 So they are called diseases of civilizationMany cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples

4、 of such diseases.AStone Age people lived a simple life.BBut today, we enjoy eating a lot of these.CIn that case, they would live much healthier.DAncient people also got lots of physical exercise.EThese new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.F People today probably dont want to live like our

5、 ancestors.GModern people used to suffer from diseases of civilization.1.1. sicknessessicknessesE同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)On the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to se

6、e different parts of the world._Those disadvantages include expense,time away from ones school,family, The following are its advantages.B.However,there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.However?反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)Dont fear people _

7、. The reason most people dont take risks,or live on the edge is the fear of what others might think of them. If you want to live the life you truly deserve, you must give up the need to be liked by everybody.A. Focus on your own talents and strengthsB.Never let others opinions guide your choices.C.S

8、tay fearless in everything you will have to do.派生詞復(fù)現(xiàn)派生詞復(fù)現(xiàn)CSummary: 七選五解題技巧七選五解題技巧1：詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫(xiě)作手復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫(xiě)作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對(duì)段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對(duì)同一個(gè)概念同一個(gè)概念進(jìn)進(jìn)行行重復(fù)重復(fù)描述。描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、派生詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、派生詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。 Everybody gets stressed tim

9、e to time. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: (1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. 72 They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test, or the death of a

10、 beloved pet.A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation. C. Different people feel stress in different ways E. You need to figure out what the problem is. F. And dont forget about your friends. 可以相信的人可以相信的人=父母父母+親戚親戚+朋友（同范疇）朋友（同范疇）FSummary: 七選五解題技巧七選五解題技巧2：同范疇詞同范疇詞同范疇詞同范疇詞是指跟此詞匯

11、相關(guān)或同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯是指跟此詞匯相關(guān)或同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文在文章中共同出現(xiàn)章中共同出現(xiàn)，達(dá)到語(yǔ)義銜接的目的。你可以，達(dá)到語(yǔ)義銜接的目的。你可以在選在選項(xiàng)中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，項(xiàng)中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達(dá)到快而準(zhǔn)。從而達(dá)到快而準(zhǔn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，上下文的銜一般來(lái)說(shuō)，上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密。接關(guān)系越緊密。 73 They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, B. He said that lau

12、ghter is much healthier than anger.A. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.C. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.TheyA72 72 .Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper. They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful. People m

13、ay say that someone has trouble controlling their temper._7373_E. In fact, they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry.G. Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids. GESummary: 七選五解題技巧七選五解題技巧3：代詞提示代詞提示 英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無(wú)非是指代英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無(wú)非是指代前面提及的名

14、詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。it:it:單數(shù)名詞或整個(gè)句子；單數(shù)名詞或整個(gè)句子；they/them:they/them:復(fù)數(shù)名詞；復(fù)數(shù)名詞；one:one:單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；that:that:不可數(shù)名詞或句子；不可數(shù)名詞或句子；this:this:單數(shù)名詞或句子；單數(shù)名詞或句子；these/those:these/those:前句的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。前句的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。細(xì)節(jié)類題型解題技巧細(xì)節(jié)類題型解題技巧B. There are three pra

15、ctical note-taking methods. A. You must write your notes on separate paper. C. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. _ .Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.CAs you take notes,you may

16、want to use your own shorthand. When you do be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time._8_A. Use words ,not completed sentence.B. There are three pratical note-taking methods.C. You must write your notes on separate paper.D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read you

17、r notes later.E. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.D轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 過(guò)渡性句子可以從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷可分為：過(guò)渡性句子可以從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷可分為：A, 并列關(guān)系并列關(guān)系：First(ly),Second(ly),.；First, then/next,.；In the first place， in the second place.;for one thing,for another thing ,.；then /next ,finally/last 等。等。B, 遞進(jìn)關(guān)系遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：t

18、oo ,also, besides, further ,furthermore ,moreover ,whats more , in addition ,as well , to make matters worse ,not .but. ,not only .but also等。等。C, 解釋例證關(guān)系解釋例證關(guān)系：for example ,for instance ,in fact/as a matter of fact ,actually ,in other words /that is to say 等等D, 因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系： so /therefore ,thus ,conseque

19、ntly(結(jié)果）結(jié)果） ,as a result (of), so/ such .that .,so that .等等E, 轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系：but, however , yet ,while /though ,or /otherwise ,on the contrary ,instead, nevertheless（然而）（然而）, still ,yet, on the contrary ,in contrast / comparison 等等F, 概況歸納關(guān)系概況歸納關(guān)系：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,i

20、n general , to conclude ,in conclusion, in a word ,on the whole , to sum up 等。等。Summary：邏輯關(guān)系的銜接：邏輯關(guān)系的銜接篇章結(jié)構(gòu)類題解題技巧篇章結(jié)構(gòu)類題解題技巧若考察空為小標(biāo)題，則根據(jù)所在小段落的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行若考察空為小標(biāo)題，則根據(jù)所在小段落的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)歸納?？偨Y(jié)歸納。注意標(biāo)題的簡(jiǎn)潔性！注意標(biāo)題的簡(jiǎn)潔性！ _1_Telling someone that you cant remember his name can actually make people relaxed. Most of them will f

21、eel sympathy if you say, Im working to remember names better. Yours is right on the tip of my tongue. What is it again? A.If you cant remember someones name, you may tell him the truth B. Admit you dont know C.Recite and repeat names D.Let others help you remember their names.B小標(biāo)題，簡(jiǎn)明小標(biāo)題，簡(jiǎn)明若考察空非小標(biāo)題，則

22、根據(jù)試題所在位置確定不同若考察空非小標(biāo)題，則根據(jù)試題所在位置確定不同的解題策略的解題策略 1)如果如果問(wèn)題在段首問(wèn)題在段首 通常是段落主題句通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。關(guān)關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題。注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題。2)如果問(wèn)題在段尾如果問(wèn)題在段尾 通常是通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如，如therefore, as a resu

23、lt, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等等詞語(yǔ)詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。1.（2010新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷）新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷） 73_When a person is asking a question , show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.A.Show your true interest.B.Restate the question with respect .C.Some ideas can be quite concrete.A備考戰(zhàn)略：備考戰(zhàn)略：注重實(shí)效。閱讀時(shí)不僅要注意文章的細(xì)節(jié)，更應(yīng)該注意文章的布局。注意命題陷阱。切忌當(dāng)同樣的詞，同樣的名字或同樣的日期都在語(yǔ)文或節(jié)選段落中出現(xiàn)，就認(rèn)為它們是正確的選項(xiàng)，一定要符合邏輯，確保文章內(nèi)容嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。注