高一英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句基礎(chǔ)講解學(xué)習(xí)資料

1、高一英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句基礎(chǔ)講解一、概念一、概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子. (在句子中作在句子中作定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)) (Attributive clause)Harry Porter is a smart boy.Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.形容詞作定語(yǔ)形容詞作定語(yǔ)句子作定語(yǔ)句子作定語(yǔ),修飾修飾boy, 叫做叫做定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行詞先行詞 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞關(guān)系關(guān)系副詞副詞which, who, whom,

2、 whose, thatwhere, when，why關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞詞形詞形所修飾的先所修飾的先行詞行詞關(guān)系代關(guān)系代詞詞（主、賓、（主、賓、表、定）表、定）who人人whom人人which物物that人或物人或物whose人或物人或物關(guān)系副關(guān)系副詞（詞（狀狀）when時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間名詞where地點(diǎn)名詞地點(diǎn)名詞why原因名詞原因名詞Have a try指出關(guān)系代詞（副詞）在定語(yǔ)從句中的成份：指出關(guān)系代詞（副詞）在定語(yǔ)從句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( )2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( )

3、3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( )4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( ) 主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞When=on(in,during)whichwhere=on(in,in front of)whichWhy=for which2.引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞如何選用定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞如何選用定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞 1.首先分清主句和定語(yǔ)從句首先分清主句和定語(yǔ)從句 2.確定定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞確定定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞 3.把先行詞帶回到定語(yǔ)從句中去，看其把

4、先行詞帶回到定語(yǔ)從句中去，看其在定語(yǔ)從句中做什么語(yǔ)法成分（主語(yǔ)，在定語(yǔ)從句中做什么語(yǔ)法成分（主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)）賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)） 4.若先行詞在從句中做若先行詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)語(yǔ)則選擇則選擇關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞，若在從句中做，若在從句中做狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)，則選擇則選擇關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞。2. which, that 的的用法用法which 作定語(yǔ)從句的作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)或或賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ).I like the book (which / that) you bought yesterday.This is a truck which / that is made in China.

5、作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省略可省略4.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí) (介詞提前介詞提前) .指指人只用人只用whom, 指物只用指物只用whichThis is the boy with whom he talked. This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.Exercise 1 :用關(guān)系代詞填空用關(guān)系代詞填空 The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister. I hate

6、people _ talk much but do little. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard o

7、f the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.Exercise 2. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember. Say all _ you know. Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat當(dāng)先行詞是something, anything, noth

8、ing, all 等詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)等詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.當(dāng)主句是who或或which 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，而中心詞指人或物時(shí)

9、，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.thatthat關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞：when/ where/whyIll never forget the day _ I was born.Ill never forget the place _ I was born.whenwhere There is a saying that yesterday is a history, tommorrow is a mystery, but today is a gift. That is the reason why its called the present. when 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):She will ne

10、ver forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介詞介詞 + which where 作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)I want to know the place.I was born there

11、.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介詞介詞 + whichwhy 作原因狀語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ), 其先行詞常常是其先行詞常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for whichExercise1.October 1,1949 is the d

12、ay _ the PRC was founded.which B. when C. that D. on that2.Is that the reason _ you are for the plan. which B. what C. why D. for that 3.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded. A. which B. when C. that D. on that 4. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中

13、作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ) ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear. Thisisthemountainvillage whichIvisitedlastyear. IllneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou. Illneverforgetthedays whichIspentinthecountryside. 判斷方法:若關(guān)系詞后面的句子完整,則需用關(guān)系副詞 若關(guān)系詞后面的句子不完整,則用關(guān)系代詞挑戰(zhàn)高難度！挑戰(zhàn)高難度！ 1. Is this the place _ you we

14、re born? A. which B.where C.what D.that 2. Is this the place _ some German friends visited last year? A. which B.where C.what D. why 3.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now. A. which B.where C.what D.that 4.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now. A. that B.where C.what D. why 5.He told her the reason_ he is unhappy, but she doesnt believe the reason _ he gives her. A. why; why B. why; which C. that; why D. which; why溫馨提示：定語(yǔ)從句中常出現(xiàn)的及物和不及物動(dòng)詞有：定語(yǔ)從句中常出現(xiàn)的及物和不及物動(dòng)詞有：vt: give; visit; spend; explain; tell; take; buy; use; make; buil