高中虛擬語氣

1、I wish I _(be)as tall as you.wereI wish every day _(be)my birthday.wereI wish/wished I _( eat ) so much watermelon.hadnt eatenwishwish引導的虛擬句引導的虛擬句表示表示愿望愿望( wish), wish接賓語從句有三種情況：接賓語從句有三種情況： 1) 現(xiàn)在：用過去式現(xiàn)在：用過去式 2) 過去：用過去完成式過去：用過去完成式 (had done) 3) 將來：用情態(tài)動詞將來：用情態(tài)動詞(would / could) + doI wish I_I wish I_.

2、.我要是記得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）我要是記得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）How I wish he_.How I wish he_.要是他沒有離開這里就好了。（他已離開）要是他沒有離開這里就好了。（他已離開）I wish it_.I wish it_.要是明天下雨就好了。（說話人以預料明天不會下雨）要是明天下雨就好了。（說話人以預料明天不會下雨）wish + thatHow I wishIf onlydid/were 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在had done 過去過去would / might /would do 將來將來虛擬語氣虛擬語氣例句例句1. I wish she _(be)on my side

3、. 我希望她能站在我一邊。我希望她能站在我一邊。 2. I wish I _(be)30 years younger. 我但愿自己能年輕三十歲。我但愿自己能年輕三十歲。3. I wish (that) you _(get)a good job. 我希望你能找到一個好職業(yè)。我希望你能找到一個好職業(yè)。4. He wished he _(do)it. 他想要是他沒這樣做該多好。他想要是他沒這樣做該多好。虛擬語氣在：虛擬語氣在：在賓語從句中在賓語從句中 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣if only 意為：若是意為：若是.那該多好啊那該多好啊; 真希望真希望.; 只只要要, 只要只要.就好就好 表示現(xiàn)在的情況表示現(xiàn)在

4、的情況,應用過去式應用過去式; 如果是過去的如果是過去的情況情況,應用過去完成時態(tài)應用過去完成時態(tài) If only I _(arrive)in time!If only she _(not drive )so fast.If only (1) 要是就好了要是就好了 = I wishIf only I _(know)his name now!If only we _(follow)your advice last time!If only I _(see)him again next year!要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。If only our p

5、arents _(live)with us!If only I _(not miss)the train!要是我沒錯過火車就好了要是我沒錯過火車就好了. 英語動詞有英語動詞有 種語氣種語氣 陳述語氣陳述語氣 祈使語氣祈使語氣 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣用來表示說的話不是事實，或者是用來表示說的話不是事實，或者是不太可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿不太可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設的語氣叫虛擬語氣。望，建議，假設的語氣叫虛擬語氣。三三 虛擬語氣的考點虛擬語氣的考點 1、條件句中的虛擬語氣的用法；、條件句中的虛擬語氣的用法；2、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；3、名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的

6、用法；、名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法；4、幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法、幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法;5、虛擬語氣時態(tài)的判定。、虛擬語氣時態(tài)的判定。if if引導的虛擬條件句引導的虛擬條件句區(qū)別區(qū)別:If it rains tomorrow, the crops will be saved.If it rained tomorrow, the crops would be saved.陳述語氣陳述語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣If I _time last night, I _ to see the film with you .If he more carefully, he the car accid

7、ent yesterday.What What wouldwould you do if you do if you you wonwon the lottery? the lottery?If I If I wonwon the lottery,the lottery,I I wouldwouldIf I _(have)a lot of money, I _(buy)a villa.If I _(have )a lot of money now, I _(travel)around the world.If he _(get up)early, he _(be)on time虛擬語氣虛擬語氣

8、例句例句If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 要是你早來幾分鐘的話，你就能見到他了。要是你早來幾分鐘的話，你就能見到他了。(與過去事實相反與過去事實相反)2. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. 明天要是天氣好的話，我來看你。明天要是天氣好的話，我來看你。(與將來與將來事實可能相反事實可能相反)3. If I were you, I would go at once. 假如我是你的話，我會馬上走。假如我是你的話，我會馬上走。(與現(xiàn)在事與現(xiàn)在

9、事實相反，事實上我不可能是你實相反，事實上我不可能是你)虛擬語氣在虛擬語氣在 在條件從句中在條件從句中主從句的謂語形式主從句的謂語形式時間時間If 從句的謂語形式從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過去過去將來將來did / werehad donewould/could/should/might +V.(原原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1. did / were2. should do3. were to dowould/could/should/might + V.(原原)If + 主主 + did(were), 主主+would/s

10、hould/could/might +動詞原形動詞原形If I _you, I _it again.1. 如果我是你，我會再試一次。如果我是你，我會再試一次。2.2.如果我有一百萬美元，我會買下這架飛機。如果我有一百萬美元，我會買下這架飛機。If I _one million dollars, I _the plane.與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬條件句與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬條件句If +主主 +had done sth, 主主+would/should/could/might +動詞完成式（動詞完成式（have done）If he _hard, he _the examination.1.1.如果他

11、努力學的話，他就通過這次考試。如果他努力學的話，他就通過這次考試。If I _her, I_.2.2.要是當時我和她結(jié)了婚的話，那我是很不幸的。要是當時我和她結(jié)了婚的話，那我是很不幸的。與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句與將來事實相反的虛擬條件句與將來事實相反的虛擬條件句( (通常有時間狀語通常有時間狀語) )If he _here tomorrow, I _him about it.If he _here tomorrow, I _him.1.1.如果他明天來的話如果他明天來的話, ,我會告訴他這件事我會告訴他這件事.2.2.如果他明天來的話如果他明天來的話, ,我會告訴他

12、我會告訴他.If + 主主 + did(were to /should do), 主主+would/should/could/might +動詞原形動詞原形If If虛擬句的倒裝虛擬句的倒裝 萬一下雨，我們將不得不推遲比萬一下雨，我們將不得不推遲比 賽。賽。 we will have to put off the sports meet. In case it rains,In case of rain, If it should rain, Should it rain,如果條件狀語中有如果條件狀語中有were, had, should時時, , 可可以倒裝成：以倒裝成：Were / Sho

13、uld / Had + +主主+ +其他其他Were I you, Had he been there yesterday, Should it snow tomorrow, If I were you, I would try it again.If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.如果我是你，我會再試一次。如果我是你，我會再試一次。如果他昨天在那兒的話，他就會看那如果他昨天在那兒的話，他就會看那部電影了。部電影了。 如

14、果明天下雪，我們就不出去了。如果明天下雪，我們就不出去了。1. _the exam, he would have attend a college.A. If he passed B. Had he passedC. Were he passed D. If he should pass2._five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.A. If you should arrive B. If you arriveC. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive名詞性從句中的虛擬名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣及幾種

15、虛擬語氣語氣及幾種虛擬語氣特殊句型特殊句型1.表示要求表示要求,命令命令,建議的虛擬語氣建議的虛擬語氣 一個一個堅持堅持，兩個，兩個命令命令， 三個三個建議建議，四個，四個要求要求 1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose (advice, suggestion, proposal ) 4. demand , require, request, desire這些詞引導的這些詞引導的名詞性從句名詞性從句要使用虛擬語氣。要使用虛擬語氣。即從句中的動詞使用即從句中的動詞使用should + 動詞原形，動詞原形， 或者將或者將shou

16、ld省略省略。 My demand is that she _ (come) to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemical works (be)closed down. He suggested that we _ (go) to Beijing for sightseeing. The proposal that we (go)out for a picnic was warmly welcomed.(should ) go(should) come(should) be(should ) go表語

17、從句表語從句同位語從句同位語從句賓語從句賓語從句同位語從句同位語從句 We suggest that you (should) be there on time. = Our suggestion is that you (should) be there on time = It is our suggestion that you (should) be there on time. = It is suggested that you (should) be there on time.注意：注意： 如如suggest, insist用于其本意用于其本意“暗示、暗示、 表明表明“、”堅持

18、認為堅持認為“時，賓語從時，賓語從句句 用陳述語氣。用陳述語氣。1.The guard at gate insisted that everybody _(obey)the rules.2.He insisted that she_(be)seriously ill and that _(send) to hospitals at once.3.He suggested that we_(have) a meeting at once.4.His pale face suggested that he_(be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewas虛擬語氣虛擬語氣4.在句型在句型

19、 “It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that . ” 中，中，that 后面的從句中的謂語后面的從句中的謂語動詞用：動詞用： should + 動詞原形動詞原形 例句例句1) Its necessary that we should have a walk now. 我們有必要出去散散步。我們有必要出去散散步。 2) Its natural that she should do so. 她這樣做是很自然的。她這樣做是很自然的。3) Its important that we should take good care of the p

20、atient. 重要的是我們要照顧好病人。重要的是我們要照顧好病人。 虛擬語氣在虛擬語氣在 在主語從句中在主語從句中主語從句中的虛擬語氣主語從句中的虛擬語氣基本句型基本句型： It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； + (should) do It is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative It is a pity, a shame, no wonder 考題點擊考題點擊：

21、1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takes B. has to takeC. must take D. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has toldDBHe behaves as if he owned the house.( But he doesnt own it or probably doesnt own it or we dont know whether he owns it

22、or not.)He talks about Rome as though hehad been there himself.虛擬語氣虛擬語氣6.在在as if 從句中，常用虛擬形式，即從句中，常用虛擬形式，即表示與現(xiàn)在事表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，用過去式實相反，用過去式；與過去事實相反用過去完成與過去事實相反用過去完成式式 (had done).一、一、as if (as though) 連接表語從句連接表語從句 she looked as if she _(be)made of ice. 她看起來似乎是冰做的她看起來似乎是冰做的 he looked as if he _(have not sle

23、ep)for two days.二、二、as if 連接讓步狀語從連接讓步狀語從 句句 She looked after the boy as if he _(be)her own son. 她照顧這男孩就像自己的兒子一樣。她照顧這男孩就像自己的兒子一樣。He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他給我們講的好象他去過那兒。他給我們講的好象他去過那兒。 虛擬語氣在虛擬語氣在 在在 as if 從句中從句中as if /though + Clause現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：將來將來 :did /were(現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在)had done(過去過去)would+動

24、詞原形動詞原形(將來將來) 區(qū)別：區(qū)別： He speaks English as if/ though he is from the USA.陳述語氣陳述語氣He speaks English as if/ though he were from the USA.虛擬語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣Its (high/right) time that that 從句要用虛擬語氣：謂語用從句要用虛擬語氣：謂語用過去時過去時或或should + do Its time that you left here.It is high time that the children should go to

25、bed虛擬語氣中的幾個特例虛擬語氣中的幾個特例Its (about/high) time +that -should +V.過去時過去時你該走了。你該走了。我們該睡覺了。我們該睡覺了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.Its (about) time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 虛擬語氣虛擬語氣在在would (had) rather(寧愿寧愿) 引導的賓語從句引導的賓語從句中中 虛擬語氣中的幾個特例虛擬語氣中的幾個特例1.

26、would rather that現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：未來：未來：過去時過去時過去完成時過去完成時過去時過去時I would rather you _(pay)me now.I would rather you_(go), too.Dont come. I would rather you _(come)tomorrow.虛擬語氣虛擬語氣4. 一些介詞短語一些介詞短語, 如如:but for(要不是要不是), without, otherwise(否則否則), in that case(如如果是那樣的話果是那樣的話), 表示含蓄的條件表示含蓄的條件,這時主句這時主句要用虛擬語氣要用虛擬語氣

27、 Without /But for your help, we would not have made such rapid progress. 虛擬語氣中的幾個特例虛擬語氣中的幾個特例 有時為了表達需要有時為了表達需要,并不總是出現(xiàn)并不總是出現(xiàn) if 引導引導的條件句的條件句,而通過其他手段來代替條件句而通過其他手段來代替條件句.1.I was ill that day. 0therwise, I _ (take ) part in the sports meet.2.I _ (give) you more help, but I was too busy.3.A man who stopp

28、ed drinking_ (be) dead in seven days.4.But for water, it _ (be) impossible to live in the desert.would have takenwould have takenmight have given would be would be 虛擬語氣時態(tài)的虛擬語氣時態(tài)的判定判定如果我是你，我就聽從他的建議。如果我是你，我就聽從他的建議。If I _(be)you, I _(take)his advice.從句表示現(xiàn)在，主句表示過去從句表示現(xiàn)在，主句表示過去如果你聽我的話，現(xiàn)在就不會這么糟糕了。如果你聽我的話，

29、現(xiàn)在就不會這么糟糕了。從句表示過去，主句表示現(xiàn)在從句表示過去，主句表示現(xiàn)在如果這些天一直沒下雨，我們現(xiàn)在可以進行如果這些天一直沒下雨，我們現(xiàn)在可以進行工作了。工作了。從句表過去進行，主句表現(xiàn)在進行從句表過去進行，主句表現(xiàn)在進行If you _(listen)to me, you _(be)in such trouble now.If it _(be)raining those days, we should be going on with the works.If you had followed my advice, you If you had followed my advice, y

30、ou would be able to finish the work now.would be able to finish the work now.如果你當時聽了我的話，現(xiàn)在就能完成這份如果你當時聽了我的話，現(xiàn)在就能完成這份工作了。工作了。（從句說明過去，主句說明現(xiàn)在。）（從句說明過去，主句說明現(xiàn)在。）If I were you, I would have gone to If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.her birthday party.如果我是你，我就去參加她的生日晚會了。如果我是你，我就去參加她的生日晚

31、會了。（從句說明現(xiàn)在，主句說明過去。）（從句說明現(xiàn)在，主句說明過去。） If you hadnIf you hadnt lent me some money, t lent me some money, I couldnI couldnt have bought the new t have bought the new house and most likely I would be house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous still living in the dangerous house now.ho

32、use now.假若你不借錢給我，假若你不借錢給我， 我不可能買下這幢我不可能買下這幢新房，很可能現(xiàn)在還住在危房里。新房，很可能現(xiàn)在還住在危房里。（從句說明過去，主句說明過去和現(xiàn)（從句說明過去，主句說明過去和現(xiàn)在。）在。） 1. 如果過去天氣好的話，現(xiàn)在莊稼長得更好了如果過去天氣好的話，現(xiàn)在莊稼長得更好了 If the weather _finer, the crops _still better. 2.如果你聽了老師的建議的話，你現(xiàn)在就不會在醫(yī)如果你聽了老師的建議的話，你現(xiàn)在就不會在醫(yī)院里了院里了 If you _ the teachers advice, you _ in the hosp

33、ital. 3. 如果你身體狀況好一些的話，我們本可能會讓如果你身體狀況好一些的話，我們本可能會讓你去幫助他們工作的你去幫助他們工作的 If you in better health,we _ you to go there to help their work.had beencould have allowedwould be growinghad followedwouldnt bewere9.用用 “may+動詞原形動詞原形”表示祝愿，表示祝愿，但愿，此時但愿，此時may須置于句首須置于句首 May good luck be yours!祝你好運！祝你好運！May you be hap

34、py!祝你快樂！祝你快樂！May you do even better!祝你取得更祝你取得更大成就大成就 Long live the people! 人民萬歲！人民萬歲！“God bless you,” said the priest.牧師說：牧師說：“愿上帝保佑你！愿上帝保佑你！” I told sally how to get there,butPerhaps I _for her.A had to write it outB must have written it out C should have written it out D ought to write it out 高手過招高手過招C虛擬語氣虛擬語氣Alan _ the party