名詞性從句講解及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1、名詞性從句的用法名詞性從句是由if, whether, that 和各種疑問詞（what where how who however 等）充當(dāng)連接詞所引導(dǎo)的從句，其功同名詞一樣。連接詞作用whether 是否that (本身無詞義)只起連接詞作用，引導(dǎo)從句，在從句中不作任何成分who, whom, whosewhich 哪一個(gè)what 什么，所的在從句中分別作主語、賓語和定語在從句中分別作主語、賓語和定語在從句中分別作主語、賓語和定語when什么時(shí)候，where什么地方how怎樣、怎么，why為什么除了起連接詞作用外，還在從句中作狀語一主語從句主語從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語的從句，通常放在主句謂

2、語動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。1. It 作形式主語和it引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的比較It 作形式主語代替主語從句，主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語從句的連接詞沒有變化。而it引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句則是對(duì)句子某一部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，無論強(qiáng)調(diào)的是什么成分，都可用連詞that。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film.It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not.It is in the morning that the murder took place.I

3、t is John that broke the window.2. 用it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)(1) It is 名詞從句It is a fact that 事實(shí)是It is an honor that 非常榮幸It is common knowledge that 是常識(shí)(2) it is 形容詞從句It is natural that 很自然It is strange that 奇怪的是(3) it is 不及物動(dòng)詞從句It seems that 似乎It happened that 碰巧(4) it 過去分詞從句It is reported that 據(jù)報(bào)道It has been pro

4、ved that 已證實(shí)3. 主語從句不可位于句首的五種情況(1) if 引導(dǎo)的主語從句不可居于復(fù)合句句首。(2) It is said , (reported) 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right)That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong)(3) It happens, It occurs 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：It occurred to him

5、that he failed in the examination. (right)That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong)(4) It doesnt matter how/whether 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not. (right)Whether he is wrong or not doesnt matter. (wrong)(5) 含主語從句的復(fù)合句是疑問句時(shí)，主語從句不可提前。例如：Is it likely that i

6、t will rain in the evening? (right)Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong)4. What 與that 在引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)的區(qū)別What 引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)在句時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語賓語表語，而that 則不然。例如：1) What you said yesterday is right.2) That she is still alive is a consolation.二賓語從句賓語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞）或介詞之后。1. 作動(dòng)詞的賓語(1) 由tha

7、t引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（that 通?？梢允÷裕?例如：I heard that be joined the army.(2) 由what, whether (if) 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，例如：1) She did not know what had happened.2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.(3) 動(dòng)詞間接賓語賓語從句。例如：She told me that she would accept my invitation.2. 作介詞的賓語例如：Our success depends upon how well we can

8、 cooperate with one another.3. 作形容詞的賓語例如：I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake.That 引導(dǎo)的從句常跟在下列形容詞后作賓語：Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以將此類詞后的that 從句的看作原因

9、狀語從句。4. It 可以作為形式賓語It 不僅可以作為形式主語，還可以作為形式賓語而真正的賓語that 從句則放在句尾，特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語的句子中。 例如：We heard it that she would get married next month.5. 后邊不能直接跟that 從句的動(dòng)詞這類動(dòng)詞有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。這類詞后可以用不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語，但不可以用that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。例如：I ad

10、mire their winning the match. (right)I admire that they won the match. (wrong)6. 不可用that從句作直接賓語的動(dòng)詞有些動(dòng)詞不可用于“動(dòng)詞間接賓語that從句“結(jié)構(gòu)中，常見的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如：He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right)He impressed the manager that he

11、was an honest man. (wrong)7. 否定的轉(zhuǎn)移若主句謂語動(dòng)詞為Think, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。例如：I dont think this dress fits you well.（我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。）三表語從句表語從句在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句，放在系動(dòng)詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語連系動(dòng)詞表語從句”。可以接表語從句的連系動(dòng)詞有be, look, remain, seem等。引導(dǎo)表語從句的th

12、at?？墒÷?。另外，常用的還有the reason is that 和It is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.2) This is why we cant get the support of the people3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed

13、the early bus.四同位語從句同位語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語的名詞性從句。1. 同位語從句的功能同位語從句對(duì)于名詞進(jìn)一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，一般由that引導(dǎo)，例如：1) The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.2. 同位語在句子中的位置同位語從句有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。

14、例如：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.3. 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別(1) 定語從句中的that既代替先行詞，同時(shí)以在從句中作某個(gè)成分（主語或賓語），而同位語從句中的that是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，不充當(dāng)句中任何成分。(2) 定語從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對(duì)先行詞加以限定，描述定的性質(zhì)或特征；同位語從句是名詞性的，其功能是對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。例如：1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（

15、他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國(guó)。）（第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句是定語從句，that在從句中作賓語）2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（湯姆將出國(guó)的消息是他講的。）（同位語從句，that在句中不作任何成分名詞性從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)100題1. His success was because of _ he had been working hard.A. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact2. “Is Mary from New York City” “I don'

16、;t know _.”A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she comeC. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from3. _ makes mistakes must correct them.A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was _ a new job.A. because I got B. because o

17、f getting C. I got D. that I got5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for 6. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why _.A. did he do that B. he did thatC. he did D. he has done so 7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know _.A. how he is getting alo

18、ng B. how is he getting alongC. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever9. He asked me _ with me.A. what is the trouble B. what wrong wasC. what was the matter D. what tr

19、ouble it is10. I am sure _ he said is true.A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what11. When and why he came here _ yet.A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee12. I wonder how much _.A. does the watch cost B. did the watch costC. the watch costed D. the watch costs13. M

20、ary is _ someone might recognize her.A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for14._ is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late15. They came to the conclusio

21、n _ by a computer.A. that not all things can be done B. because of not all things be doneC. being not all things can be done D. because not all things can be done16. Why the explosion occurred was _ the laboratory attendant had been careless.A. for B. because C. since D. that17. I don't doubt _

22、he'll come.A. that B. if C. what D. whether18. “Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang”“Well, I forget _ I was supposed to go to.”A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D. what room was it19. Output is now six times _ it was before liberation.A. that B. which C. what D. of whi

23、ch20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house.Carol: Yes. Because she's always saved _.A. what little she earns B. how little she earnsC. for little she earns D. with little she earns21. _ surprised me most was _ such a little boy of seven could play the violin s

24、o well.A. Thatwhat B. Whatthat C. Thatwhich D. Whatwhich22. We gave him _ help we could.A. which B. what C. that D. this23. She is pleased with what you have given him and _ you have told him.A. that B. which C. all what D. all that 24. Excuse me would you please tell me _ A. when the sports meet is

25、 taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be heldC. when is the sports meet to begin D. when the sports meet is to take place25. Do you happen to know _ A. what size shoes he wears B. how big shoes he wearsC. what is the size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his26. This book will show yo

26、u _ can be used in other contexts.A. how you have observed B. how what you have observedC. that you have observed D. how that you have observed27. Where do you think _ A. has he gone B. has he been C. he's gone D. was he28. Do you know _ A. how many populations there are in the world B. how much

27、 population there is in the worldC. how many the population of the world isD. what the population of the world is29. Would you go and see _ outside A. what to take place B. what Tom has happenedC. what is happening D. what the matter had been30. The subject of "What is interesting is that I do

28、not even know him." is_.A. what B. interesting C. What is interesting D. I31. _ I think he is Charles.A. Who do you think he is B. Do you think who he isC. Whom do you think he isD. Do you think who he is32. He didn't know which room _.A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did

29、they live in33. The little boy ate _ his mother gave him.A. that B. which C. whatever D. no matter what34. The city is no longer _. A. what it is B. that it used to be C. which it was D. what it used to be35. My parents used _ they had to get a new car for me.A. which B. that C. what D. all what36.

30、_ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good.A. Ifdo B. Thatdo C. Ifdoes D. Thatdoes37. _ was the idea _ the wife thought of A. Whatthat B. Thatwhat C. Howwhy D. Whyhow38. _ did he tell his wife _ he wished to do A. Thatwhat B. Whatthat C. Wherewhich D. Whichwhere 39. One of the men held the view _

31、 the book said was right.A. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that40. I have no idea _ or not he has finished the work.A. if B. that C. whether D. which41. “Do you know _” “His father is a doctor.”A. what is his father B. who is his fatherC. what his father is D. who his father is 42. Is

32、 this _ we met each other two years ago A. place B. place in which C. where D. place which43. It _ Bob drives badly.A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that44. We all know the truth _ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.A. where B. wherever C. that D

33、. that wherever 45. They discussed _ they could settle the problem without others' help.A. if B. that C. what D. whether46. She asked _.A. what I was doing when she rang me up B. what was I doing when she rang me upC. when she rang me up what I was doing D. when did she ring me up what I was doi

34、ng47. May I borrow the ring You can take _ you like.A. no matter what B. which C. whichever D. that 48. He said that he was fond of _.A. what beautiful is B. what is beautiful C. beautiful is what D. what it is beautiful49. He insisted that he _ in good health and _ to work there.A. was, be sent B.

35、is, is sent C. be, was sent D. be, send50. Do you know _ he expects will give us a talk A. who B. whom C. that D. whose51. It's uncertain _ the experiment is worth doing.A. if B. that C. whether D. how52. They would have fixed the telephone yesterday _ it was a holiday.A. except B. except for C.

36、 except that D. but for53. _ is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad.A. Whichever is hard B. No matter what is hardC. What is hard D. All what is hard54. _ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A. That B. What C. How D. Which55. As the day was fine, I made the sug

37、gestion _ for a walk in the park.A. we go B. we will go C. should we go D. that we go56. _ we can't get seems better than _ we have.A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what57. _ you don't like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether58. You can't imagi

38、ne _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were how excited59. _ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where60. _he really means is _he disagrees with us.A. What th

39、at B. That whatC. Why that D. If what61. _is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A. That B. Why C. How D. Who62. _ we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A. When B. Why C. What D. That63. _ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.

40、A. If B. Where C. That D. What64. _ he won't go there is clear to all of us.A. How B. What C. Why D. This65. _ you come or not is up to you.A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether66. _ makes mistakes must correct them.A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody67. _ team will win the match is a matter of pub

41、lic concern.A. Which B. That C. If D. How68.Three days later, word came _our country had sent up another man-made satellite.A. which B. when C. that D. where69.The problem is _will go to the meeting.A. why B. when C. what D. who70.It looks _ it were going to rain.A. even if B. as if C. even though D

42、. like71.That is _ he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how72.That is _ Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. why73. We thought _ strange that Tom did not come yesterday.A. that B. it C. this D. what74.The fact _ she had not said anything surprised all of us.A. which B. what

43、C. that D. how75.What I'm considering now _ the money we need.A. is B. are C. were D. was76.Can you tell me _ A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 77. _leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. Anyone B. The person C. Who

44、ever D. Who78. It is well known _ a person eats causes changes in the body.A. that what, when, and how B. thatC. what D. how79. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such80. Jack was soon told _ he did was not necessary.A. why B. that C. how D. why what81.

45、 We should think carefully about _ Mr. Needham said at the meeting.A. that B. what C. which D. X82. Can you point out _ two radios are the best A. which B. what C. that D. whether 83. You will easily know _ video recorders are the same.A. what those B. that of those C. that all of D. which of those8

46、4. _ you have seen things like these before doesn't matter.A. If B. Whether C. What D. When 85. I asked her in English _ she was, and she told me _ she was an actress.A. whothat B. whoX C. whatX D. howthat86. She took it for granted _ I'd be back home an hour ago.A. that B. whether C. if D.

47、when87. We think it possible _ the local government will be able to solve the housing problem.A. for B. that C. when D. how88. Now there is a danger _ the ground may fall in under the heavy traffic.A. whether B. if C. X D. that89. At that time I had no idea _ I could hand it to him without being see

48、n.A. if B. how C. which D. that how90. Last Sunday he promised _ today, but he hasn't appeared yet.A. that he would come B. that he will comeC. he will come to see me D. whether he would come91. Last Sunday he made a promise _ he was free he would take me to Qingdao.A. if B. that C. that if D. whether92. Do you have any idea _ A. when Miss Smith will arrive B. when will Miss Smith arriveC. how will Miss Smith arrive D. why hasn't Miss Smith arrived93. I have almost forgotte