高中英語選修十 Unit 2 King Lear-語法篇（教師版）

1、.Unit 2 King Lear-語法篇_1. 掌握狀語的定義及運用；2. 掌握?？紶钫Z從句的運用；3. 掌握非謂語動詞作狀語的運用；英語的狀語一、 什么叫狀語？就是動詞的八個狀態(tài):時間、地點、原因、狀態(tài)、目的、結(jié)果、方式、程度; 修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞以及全句的句子成份叫狀語。例如：My parents often tell us about their bitter life in the past我父母經(jīng)常給我們講他們過去的苦難生活。She studies hard她努力學習。I am very tired我非常疲倦。二、什么可以作狀語？1. 副詞：Say again再說一遍。Sudd

2、enly it began to rain天突然下雨了。2. 介詞短語：Please come here in the evening請晚上來這兒。He wrote with a red pencil他用紅鉛筆寫的。3. 動詞不定式或不定式短語：He went to see a film他看電影去了。My father was surprised to hear the news我父親聽到這個消息，感到驚奇。4. 分詞或分詞短語：He sat there reading a novel他坐在那兒看小說。The students went away laughing學生們笑著走開了。5. 名詞：

3、Wait a moment等一會兒。It can go all day and all night它能整日整夜地走。6. 從句：Ill write to you as soon as I get there我一到那兒就給你寫信。He didnt come because he had to stay at home to finish his home work他沒來，因為他不得不留在家里完成家庭作業(yè)。二、 狀語的分類：狀語按用處可分為：地點、時間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、程度、方式、伴隨情況等幾類。1.地點狀語：The students are doing their homework

4、 in the classroom學生們正在教室里做作業(yè)。2. 時間狀語：I learned a lot from the peasants when I lived in the countryside我在農(nóng)村生活時，向農(nóng)民學到很多東西。3. 目的狀語：They set out early so that they might arrive on time他們早點動身，以便準時到達。4. 原因狀語：She will not go home because she has to attend a meeting因為要開會，所以她不能回家了。5. 結(jié)果狀語：Li Ming studied so

5、hard that he caught up with the others very quickly李明學習如此努力，結(jié)果很快趕上了其別人。6. 程度狀語：I nearly forgot what he had promised我?guī)缀跬浟怂菰S的事。7. 方式狀語：He came singing and dancing他唱著跳著走過來。8. 條件狀語：If you work hard at English，you will do well in English假如你努力學習英語，你的英語成績就會好。9. 讓步狀語：He went to school yesterday though he

6、was ill昨天他盡管有病，仍上學去了。10. 比較狀語：Lesson Two is not so difficult as Lesson One第二課不像第一課那樣難。三、 狀語的位置：一般說來狀語在句中的位置比較靈敏，它可以處于句首、句中或句末。1.狀語位于句首：為了強調(diào)狀語或者為了使它與上下文嚴密銜接，通常把狀語放于句首。Tomorrow I am going swimming明天我要去游泳。Here in the cinema house，smoking is not allowed在電影院這里不準吸煙的。2. 狀語位于句中：狀語在句中的位置是：1假如沒有助動詞，狀語就位于動詞前面。

7、I often go to see a film我經(jīng)?？措娪?。2假如動詞前有一個或幾個助動詞，狀語位于第一個助動詞之后。He has already had his lunch他已吃過午飯了。3假如動詞是be，狀語就放在be動詞之后。He is always at home他總是在家。狀語從句一、時間狀語從句一不同的引導詞1、普通類附屬連詞引導時間狀語從句的普通類附屬連詞有when當時，while在期間，as當，一邊一邊，before在之前，after在之后，since從以來，till/until直到，whenever無論何時，as soon as一就等。如：When I went into

8、the classroom, he was reading. 當我走進教室時，他正在看書。He read a newspaper as he went along. 他邊走邊看報紙。We must strike while the iron is hot. 我們必須趁熱打鐵。I will tell you after they leave. 于他們走后我再告訴你。I told him to come back whenever he wants to. 我告訴他什么時候想回來就回來。I waited till/until she was back. 我一直等到她回來from yygrammar

9、 。Once time is gone, you will never get it back. 時間一旦失去就再也得不到了注意：在時間狀語從句中，不能用一般將來時、過去將來時態(tài)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r，而要用相應的一般如今時態(tài)、一般過去時或如今完成時來代替。如：Ill telephone you as soon as I get there. 我一到達那里就打 給你。She said she would phone me as soon as she got there. 她說她一到達那里就給我 。Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. 等車停穩(wěn)后才下車。2

10、、含 time的短語可引導時間狀語從句的 time 短語有every time, each time, the next time, the last time, by the time, the first time, any time 等。如：Every time I listen to music, Ill think of it. 每當我聽音樂，我就想起這事。He didnt tell me anything the last time I saw him. 上次我見到他時他什么也沒告訴我。Each time she moved her head she let out a moan.

11、 她每轉(zhuǎn)動一下頭，就發(fā)出一聲呻吟。3、表示“一就除as soon as外，還有三類：名詞型the moment, the minute, the second, the instant；副詞型immediately, directly, instantly；句式型no soonerthan, hardly/scarcelywhen。如：The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope. 我一看到他，就知道沒有希望了。I came immediately you called. 你一來 我就來了。I had no sooner got home

12、 than it began to rain. 我一到家就下起雨來了。假如hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必須用倒裝構(gòu)造。如：Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 二對幾種時間狀語從句的理解1、對before從句的理解before的本意為“在之前，根據(jù)詳細語境還可理解為“還沒來得及/還沒有就，趁著還沒就，不知不覺就，才等。如：I had not sat long before he came b

13、ack. 我沒坐多久他就回來了。He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他幾乎把我撞倒才看到我。Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我還來得及插話，他就給我量好了尺寸。Ill water the flowers before it gets dark. 我要趁著天還沒黑把花澆好水。Be a pupil before you become a teacher. 先做學生，后做先生。Time passed quickly and three months went by before she k

14、new it. 時間過得飛快，她不知不覺就在那里度過了三個月。I will die before I will betray my country. 我寧可死也不會背叛我的國家。 2、對since從句的理解1 since從句的謂語動詞是終止性動詞照字面意思理解。如：Ive been feeling down since I lost my job. 自從失去工作后,我的情緒一直處于低潮。2 since從句謂語動詞延續(xù)性動詞，且為如今完成時時，仍然按字面意思理解。如：She has never come to see me since I have lived in the city.

15、 自從我住到城里，她就一直不來看我。3 since從句謂語動詞延續(xù)性動詞，且為一般過去時時，按與字面意思相反的意思理解。如：I have made great progress since I was ill. 我自病愈以來獲得了很大的進步。4 since前有ever，或從句謂語動詞是be且后接表示人成長過程中的某個階段或年齡的名詞、形容詞時，仍然按字面意思理解。如：I have lived here ever since I was a child. 我從還是個孩子時就一直住在這兒。3、對till/until從句的理解1. 主句為肯定式，主句謂語動詞必須為持續(xù)性動詞，且該動詞所表示的動作或狀

16、態(tài)一直延續(xù)到 until / till 從句所表示的時間為止，可譯作“直到。如：He waited until/till I returned. 他一直等到我回來。2. 主句為否認式包括含 no, nobody, nothing, never, hardly, little 等否認詞的肯定句，假設主句謂語動詞是非持續(xù)性動詞，那么該動詞所表示的動作在 until / till 從句表示的時間開場發(fā)生。一般先譯從句“直到，后譯主句，not 譯成“才，即“直到才。如：His mother didnt leave until/till he was asleep. 直到他睡著了，他母親才分開。Nobo

17、dy can leave until/till the meeting is over. 直到散會才能分開。3. 主句為否認式，假設主句謂語動詞是持續(xù)性動詞，那么須根據(jù)上下文去理解until/till從句的含義，一般譯為“直到才或“沒有到。如：He didnt wait until/till I returned. 他沒有等到我回來。She didnt sleep until/till I returned. 她直到我回來才睡著。三when, while, as的用法區(qū)別三者可表示“當時候，區(qū)別如下：1 假設主句表示的是一個短暫性動作，從句表示的是一個持續(xù)性動作，三者都可用：He fell a

18、sleep when while, as he was reading. 他看書時睡著了。【注】as 用于引出一個持續(xù)性動詞表示“在期間時，其謂語通常只能是那些含有動作action和開展development 意味的動詞，一般不能是那些不用于進展時態(tài)的動詞如 be, seem, love, want, agree, see, know, have 等，所以下面一句中的 while 不能換為 as：A：Im going to the post office. B：While youre there, can you get me some stamps? 2 假設主、從句表示兩個同時進展的持續(xù)性

19、動作，且強調(diào)主句表示的動作延續(xù)到從句所指的整個時間，通常要用 while：Dont talk while youre eating. 吃飯時不要說話。I kept silent while he was writing. 在他寫的時候，我默不作聲。但是，假設主從句表示的兩個同時進展的動作含有“一邊一邊之意思，通常用 as：She sang as she went along. 她邊走邊唱。3 假設從句是一個短暫性動作，主句是一個持續(xù)性動作，可用 as / when 但不用 while：It was raining hard when as we arrived. 我們到達時正下著大雨。4 假設

20、主從句表示的是兩個同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生的短暫性動作，用 as / when：I thought of it just when as you opened your mouth. 就在你要說的時候，我也想到了。5 假設要表示兩個正在開展變化的情況，相當于漢語的“隨著，一般用 as：Things are getting better and better as time goes on. 隨著時間的推移，情況越來越好。As it grew darker, it became colder. 天色越晚，天氣越冷。6 表示“每當?shù)臅r候暗示一種規(guī)律性，一般要用 when：Its cold when it

21、 snows. 下雪時天冷。He smiles when you praise him. 你夸獎他時他總是笑笑。7 假設主從句所表示的動作不是同時發(fā)生，而是有先后順序時，一般要用 when：I will go home when he comes back. 他回來時，我就回家去。8 when 可用作并列連詞，表示“這時突然；while 也可以用作并列連詞，表示“而、“卻表示比照；但 as 那么沒有類似用法：We were about to start when it began to rain. 我們正要出發(fā)，這時天開場下雨了。He likes coffee, while she likes

22、 tea. 他喜歡咖啡，而她卻喜歡茶。9 as 和 when 后均可直接跟一個名詞，構(gòu)成省略句，但 while 一般不這樣用：As When a boy, he lived in Japan. 他小時候在日本。10 when 和 while 后可接如今分詞、介詞短語、形容詞等構(gòu)成省略句，但 as 一般不這樣用：When While reading, he fell asleep. 他看書時睡著了。When While in trouble, ask her for help. 遇到費事的時候你就去找她幫助。二、地點狀語從句 一引導詞地點狀語從句主要用于答復Where?的問題，可以由w

23、here 在的地方，wherever 無論什么地方，anywhere 無論何處 以及everywhere 到處 等連詞來引導。二幾個知識點1、地點狀語從句一般置于主句之后Sit wherever you like. 你愛坐哪兒都可以。Keep it where you can see it. 把它放在你看得見的地方。He lives where the climate is mild. 他住在一個氣候溫暖的地方。Ill take you anywhere you like. 你想到哪兒我就帶你到哪兒。You cant camp where / wherever / anywhere you l

24、ike these days. 如今你可不能隨意在哪兒宿營。2、根據(jù)強調(diào)的需要，anywhere, everywhere和wherever也可以 where那么一般不可以 放在句首。如：Anywhere she goes, he goes too. 不管她去哪兒，他也去哪兒。Wherever I am l will be thinking of you. 我不管在哪兒，都會想你的。Everywhere I go, I find the same thing. 不管我走到哪里，我都發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣情況。Everywhere Jenny goes shes mistaken for Princess Di

25、ana. 無論詹妮走到什么地方，她都會被誤認為是戴安娜公主。3、where一般表示一個確定的但非特指的地點。如：The church was built where there had once been a Roman temple.教堂建在曾一度是羅馬神廟的地方。Next time I hope youll go where I tell you to. 下次我希望你去我告訴你去的地方。wherever, anywhere 和 everywhere 表示“任何地方。如：With a special train ticket you can travel wherever / an

26、ywhere / everywhere you like in Europe for just over100. 你如持有專車票，僅花一百多一點英鎊，就可以到歐洲各地旅行。4、有些地點狀語從句中有的詞可以省略。如：Where possible, they tried to acquire colonies. 只要可能，他們就設法獲得殖民地。Avoid structures of this kind wherever possible. 只要可能，就要防止這種構(gòu)造。三、原因狀語從句一引導詞引導原因狀語從句的附屬連詞有because因為, as由于, since既然, nowthat既然, whe

27、n既然, seeing that 由于，鑒于, considering that考慮到, given that 考慮到等。如：I do it because I like it. 我做這件事是因為我喜歡。As it was raining, I stayed at home. 由于下雨，我便呆在家里。Since you're not interested, I won't tell you about it.既然你不感興趣，那我就不告訴你了。Now that you are well again, you can travel. 既然價錢恢復了安康，你就可以去旅行了。How c

28、an they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television? 他們把所有的空閑時間都用來看電視了, 還能學什么東西呢?Seeing that youre already at the door, I suppose I must invite you inside. 鑒于你已到了門口，我想我必須邀請你入內(nèi)。Considering hes only just started, he knows quite a lot about it. 考慮到他只是剛剛開場, 他對此的理解已經(jīng)不少了。She ca

29、n drive by herself because she has passed her test. 她如今可以獨立開車了，因為她已經(jīng)通過了駕駛考試。Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. 考慮到她喜歡孩子, 我可以肯定教書是最合適她的職業(yè)。Im afraid we dont stock refills for pens like yours because theres little demand for them. 對不起，我們沒有你那種筆的筆芯，因

30、為銷路不好。二幾點注意事項1. considering 和 given 還可用作介詞。如：Considering his age, the little boy reads very well. 就他的年齡來說，這小孩讀得挺好的。Given her interest in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. 考慮到她喜歡孩子, 我可以肯定教書是最合適她的職業(yè)。2. 表示“因為的連詞不能與表示“所以的 so 連用。如：譯：因為他病了，所以沒有出席會議。誤：Because he was ill, so he didnt

31、 attend the meeting.正：He didnt attend the meeting because he was ill.正：He was ill so he didnt attend the meeting.三使用because的五個注意事項1、because 除用于引導原因狀語從句外，還可引出表語從句。如：It is because he is too foolish. 那是因為他太蠢了。It is because youre eating too much. 那是因為你吃得太多了。2、 漢語可以說“因為所以，但是英語卻不能使用 becauseso這樣的構(gòu)造。改正的方法是，

32、要么去掉其中的because，使之成為并列句；要么去掉so，使之成為主從復合句。如：因為他很忙，所以不能來。誤：Because he is very busy, so he cant come. 正：Because he is very busy, he cant come. 正：He is very busy, so he cant come. 3、漢語說“之所以是因為，說成英語通常是The reason whyis that 其中的that最好不用because代替。如：The reason why Im late is that because I missed the bus. 我遲到

33、的原因是因為我沒有趕上公共汽車。4、在 not.because. 這一構(gòu)造中，not 有時否認主句，有時否認從句，詳細視語境而定。一般說來，假設 not 否認主句， 最好在because 之前用逗號，否那么會引起歧義，如下句在沒有特定上下文時就有兩種解釋：I didnt go because I was afraid. a. 我沒有去是因為怕。b. 我不是因為怕才去。但是假設 because 之前有 just 修飾，一般認為 not 是否認從句而不是主句。如：You shouldnt get angry just because some people speak ill of yo

34、u. 你不要因為有人說你壞話而生氣。5、用于復合介詞because of，其后可接名詞、代詞、動名詞、what 從句等。如： He is here because of you that. 他為你那事而來這里。We said nothing about it, because of his wifes being there. 因為他妻子在那兒，我們對此只字未提。He left the company because of what the boss said at the meeting. 他分開了這家公司，是因為老板在會上講的話。但是，because of后不能直接跟that從句

35、或者是沒有引導詞的從句。如：由于我的病我不能干這工作。正：I cant do the work because of my illness. 正：I cant do the work because Im ill. 誤：I cant do the work because of Im ill.誤：I cant do the work because of that Im ill四、條件狀語從句一引導詞引導條件狀語從句的附屬連詞有if, unless =ifnot假如不，除非, as/so long as只要, while=as long as只要, supposing that/provide

36、d /providing that假設, in case假使, on condition that在的條件下等。如：You can learn anything so long as you set your mind to learn it. 用心學本領(lǐng)，總能學到手。I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.=if it doesnt rain除非下雨，否那么我明天要去那兒。He will do the work providing you pay him. 假如你能付費，他可以做這工作。In case l forget，please remind m

37、e about it. 假如我忘了，請?zhí)嵝盐摇ell let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy. 我們可以讓你使用這個房間，條件是你把它保持整潔。二本卷須知1、條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句一樣，從句的謂語動詞不能用一般將來時態(tài)、過去將來時態(tài)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r，而要用相應的一般如今時、一般過去時和如今完成時態(tài)來替代。又如：Tell me in case you get into difficulty. 遇到困難請告訴我。Supposing he does not come, shall we go without

38、 him? 假如他不來，是不是不帶他去?2、假設從句謂語用了will 或 would，那 will 或 would 那么是表示“愿意的情態(tài)動詞。如：If you will go with me, Ill wait for you. 假如你愿意等我，我們就幫你做這事兒。 五、目的狀語從句一引導詞引導目的狀語從句的附屬連詞有so以便, that以便, so that以便，為了, in order that 為了，以便；in case以防，以免, lest免得，以防, for fear that以免，惟恐等。從句中一般含有can, could, may, might, will, woul

39、d 等情態(tài)動詞。如：Bring it closer so that I can see it better. 拿近一點以便我看得更清楚。Lets take the front seats that we may see more clearly. 咱們坐前排，以便看得清楚點。I left at 6:00 so that/in order that I could catch the train. 為了趕上火車，我六點就出門了。I shall write down your telephone number that I may not forget. 我要把你的 號碼寫下，以免忘了。Speak

40、 clearly so that they may understand you. 你要講得清楚，他們才聽得懂。Take the raincoat in case it rains. 帶著雨衣, 以防下雨。Be careful lest you fall from that tree. 要注意, 以免從樹上摔下來。He walked fast for fear that he should be late. 他走得很快，以免遲到。She dresses like that so that everyone will notice her. 她那樣穿戴是為了引起人們的注意。I have give

41、n him a key so that he can get into the house whenever he likes. 我給了他一把鑰匙，以便他隨時能進來。So that I shouldnt worry, he phoned me on arrival. 為了不讓我擔憂，他一到就給我打了 。They risk their lives in order that we may live more safely. 他們冒了生死危險使我們生活得更平安。二注意：當從句主語與主句主語一樣時，可用不定式來表達一樣的意思。如：譯：為了通過考試，他學習非常努力。正：He studies very

42、hard so that=in order that he can pass the exam.正：He studies very hard so as to =in order to pass the exam.六、結(jié)果狀語從句一引導詞引導結(jié)果狀語從句的附屬連詞有so that以致，結(jié)果，sothat, suchthat如此以致于等。如：We arrived early, so that we got good seats. 我們到得很早，因此我們座位很好。It was so hot that we wanted to go swimming. 天氣太熱，我們想去游泳。She is so g

43、ood a teacher =She is such a good teacher that all the students like her. 她是那么好的老師，每個學生都喜歡她。His reactions are so quick that no one can match him. 他的反響如此敏捷 以致 無人比得上他。He is such a marvelous joker that you cant help laughing. 他是一個如此奇妙的詼諧人物，以致 弄得你不能不笑。They are such wonderful players that no one can beat

44、 them. 他們都是出色的運發(fā)動，沒有人能戰(zhàn)勝他們。In his fury he threw the stone tablets upon the ground so that they were broken. 他大怒之下，便把那些石匾扔到地上，摔破了。My suitcase had become damaged, so that the lid would not stay closed. 我的箱子損壞了，因此蓋子關(guān)不上了。Nothing more was heard from him so that we began to wonder if he was dead. 我們再也沒有收到

45、過他的信，因此我們開場疑心他是不是死了。It was so dark that he couldnt see the faces of his companions. 天是那樣黑，他同伴的臉他都看不見了。二注意：1. 在口語中 that 常省略。如：I am so busy I have no time to write a letter. 我是那樣忙，寫信的時間都沒有。2. 有時主句中還有倒裝語序。如：So bright was the moon that the flowers were bright as by day. 月亮是那樣亮，花都像白天時那樣鮮艷。七、讓步狀語從句一引導詞引導讓

46、步狀語從句的附屬連詞有although, though, as, while雖然, even if/though即使, whetheror不管/不管還是 以及“疑問詞+ever和“no matter+疑問詞等。如：Although/Though they are poor they are happy. 雖然他們很窮，但很快樂。Though he is very old, he works hard. 盡管他年老了但仍努力工作。Tired as he was, he sat up late. 他雖然疲倦,可仍然很晚才睡。While I like the color of the hat, I

47、do not like its shape. 雖然我喜歡這頂帽子的顏色，但我不喜歡它的形狀。Ill go even if/though it snows. 即使下雪我也要去。Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 不管你信還是不信，這確實是事實。However =No matter how tired you may be, you must do it today. 不管怎樣累, 你也得今天做。Wherever =No matter where I am, I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都會想到你。二注意：1

48、. as 作“雖然解，引導讓步狀語從句時，從句中的狀語、表語或動詞必須置于句首，though 引導的讓步狀語從句，也可將這些成分置于句首，但 although 等其它詞引導的讓步狀語從句不能將這些成分前置。如：Hard as/though they tried =Although/Though they tried hard, they couldnt make her change her mind. 盡管他們做了很大努力，卻沒法讓她改變主意。2. 引導讓步狀語從句時，假設提早的是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，要省略不定冠詞。如：Child as he is, he knows a lot. 雖然他是孩子，

49、但他卻很懂事了。3. 表示“雖然的連詞不能與表示“但是的連詞 but 連用，但可以 yet 或 still 等副詞連用。如：譯：雖然當時正下著雨，他還是到那里去了。誤：Though it was raining, but he went there.正：Though it was raining, he went there.正：It was raining, but he went there.正：Though it was raining, yet he went there.四though 與 although的區(qū)別1、用作連詞表示“雖然，兩者大致同義，可換用，只是 although 比

50、 though 更為正式：Though Although it was raining，we went there. 雖然下著雨，但我們還是去了那兒。Though Although it was barely four oclock, the lights were already on. 盡管才四點鐘，燈已經(jīng)亮了。Though Although we are poor, we are still happy. 我們雖然窮，仍然很快活。2、用作副詞although 一般不用作副詞，而 though 可用作副詞，且一般放在句末不放在句首，意為“可是、“不過：Its hard work; I en

51、joy it though. 工作很辛苦，可是我樂意干。He is looking fit, though. 但他看起來很安康。You can count on him, though. 不過你可以指靠他。 3、用于習語在 as though好似，仿佛，even though即使，縱然等固定短語中不能用 although：She closed her eyes as though she were tired. 她閉上眼，仿佛很疲勞似的。We felt as though we had witnessed the whole thing. 我們感到仿佛目睹了整個這件事似的。He is

52、 an honest man, I must say, even though I have opposed him. 盡管我反對過他，我還得說他是一個老實的人。She was always afraid of men, even though she had lots of boyfriends. 盡管她有很多男朋友，她總是害怕男人。4、用于倒裝though 引導的讓步狀語從句可用部分倒裝的形式注意：倒裝后位于句首的名詞之前不用冠詞，但 although 一般不這樣用：Poor though I am, I can afford it. 我雖窮，但這東西還是買得起的。Child though

53、 he was, he did quite well. 他雖是孩子，但干得很好。 九、比較狀語從句引導比較狀語從句的附屬連詞為as.as和一樣，not as/so.as和不一樣，than比，the more.the more越越。這類從句常以省略形式出現(xiàn)。如：The work is not so difficult as you imagine. 這工作不像你想像的那么困難。You look younger than you are. 你看上去比你的實際年齡要年輕。The more you study, the more knowledge you can get. 你學的知識越多，

54、你的知識越豐富。He doesnt work as hard as she does. 他工作不像她那樣努力。十、方式狀語從句一、引導詞1、主要的有as, as if, as though等：You must do as your parents tell you. 你必須按你父母說的去做。I have changed it as you suggest. 我已照你的建議作了改動。I am as you can imagine short of money. 正如你能想像的我很缺錢。Robbie didnt feel as she did. 洛比沒有她那種感覺。They treated the child as if she were their own. 他們待這孩子像親生的一樣。I remember the whole thing as if it happened y