北京聚智堂培訓(xùn)學(xué)校高中英語Unit3動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)

1、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)教學(xué)目的1、學(xué)習(xí)并掌握動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)的用法。2、在句中如何選擇正確的動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。教學(xué)內(nèi)容1.復(fù)習(xí)初中所學(xué)的時(shí)態(tài)。2.掌握現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來時(shí)的用法。1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1）表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。時(shí)間狀語：every,sometimes,at，2）客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。Ihomeforschoolat7everymorning.每天早上我七點(diǎn)離開家。Theeartharoundthesun.地球繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。2. 一般過去時(shí)的用法1）在確定的過去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。例如：時(shí)間狀語有：justnow,yesterday,lastweek

2、,anhourago,theotherday,in1982等。例如：Whereyougojustnow?剛才你上哪兒去了？-Yourphonenumberagain?Iquitecatchit.-Its69568442.A.didntB.couldntC.dontD.cant2）表示在過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。WhenIachild,Ioftenfootballinthestreet.我是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，常在馬路上踢足球。3）句型：Itistimethatsb.didsth.=Itistimeforsb.todosth到時(shí)間了該了。Itistimeforyoutogotobed.=I

3、tistimeyoutobed.你早該睡覺了。4) would(had)rathersb.didsth.表示寧愿某人現(xiàn)在或?qū)碜瞿呈?。Idratheryoutomorrow.還是明天來吧。5) usedto+do:過去常常表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但如今已不存在。例如：Motherusednottobesoforgetful.老媽過去沒那么健忘。3. 一般將來時(shí)1) will表現(xiàn)在看來以后要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；事物的固有屬性或必然趨勢(shì)。Tomwillcomebacktomorrow.Fishwilldiewithoutwater.2) begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形，表示;。a. 。例如：

4、Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?明天打算作什么呢？b. 。例如：Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。這出戲下月開播。c. 。例如：Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.3)betodo表將來按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事表示“注定要發(fā)生”表示說話人的意圖、職責(zé)、義務(wù)、命令等情態(tài)意義。WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.我們下星期六討論這份報(bào)告。Theexperiencewastochangeherlife.這次經(jīng)歷必會(huì)改變她的生。Wearetofinish

5、theworkbeforefivethisafternoon.我們預(yù)定今天下午五點(diǎn)前完成任務(wù)。4 .beabouttodosth.,意為馬上做某事，不與tomorrow,nextweek等表示具體的時(shí)間狀語連用，但可與when從句連用。例如：HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.他馬上要去北京。Iwasabouttogooutwhenthephonerang.5 )一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來例如：Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開。Whendoesthebusstart?Itstartsintenminutes.汽車什么時(shí)候開？十分鐘

6、后。在時(shí)間或條件句中。遵循WhenBillcomes(不是willcome),askhimtowaitforme.比爾來后，讓他等我。IllwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.我至U了那里，就寫信給你。6)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來下列動(dòng)詞come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將來。例如：Imleavingtomorrow.明天我要走了。Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?你會(huì)在這兒呆到下周嗎？4 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/aredoing現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。-Haveyoumovedinto

7、thenewhouse?-Notyet,theroomsarebeingpainted.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always,constantly,forever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。Youarealwayschangingyourmind.5 .過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/weredoing1) Maryadresswhenshecutherfinger.A.madeB.ismakingC.was-makingD.makes2) Asshethenewspaper,Grannyasleep.A.read;wasfallingB.wasreading；fellC.w

8、asreading；wasfallingD.read;fell3) weclasswhensuddenlysomeoneknockedatthedoor.A.werehavingB.hadbedoing.when.6 .將來進(jìn)行時(shí)willbedoingBythistimetomorrow,Illbelyingonthebeach.明天此時(shí)，我正躺在海灘上呢。Exercises:1. Accordingtotheliteraryreview,Shakespearehischaracterslivethroughtheirlanguageinhisplays.A.willmakeB.hadmade

9、C.wasmakingD.makes2. Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?Theweatherreport.andIwanttolisten.A.isbroadcastB.isbeingbroadcastC.hasbeenbroadcastD.hadbeenbroadcast3. Thefoodhereisniceenough.-Myfriendmearightplace.A.introducesB.introducedC.hadintroducedD.wasintroducing4. Atpresent,oneoftheapartmentsinfavorofthenewai

10、rportthatitwillbringalotjobstothearea.A. isB.areC.willbeD.were5. Thechurchtowerwhichwillbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.A.hasrestoredB.hasbeenrestoredC.isrestoringD.isbeingrestored6. -Doyouwantalifthome?-Itsverykindofyou,butIhaveamuchlateintheoffice.Ioversleptthismorningbecausemymorning

11、clock.A.doesntgooffB.wontgoneC.wasntgoingoffD.didntgoon7. Iwasoutoftownatthetime,soIdontknowexactlyhowit.A.washappeningB.happenedC.happensD.hashappened8. Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,visitBeijingthissummer.A.isgoingtoB.aregoingtoC.wasgoingtoD.weregoingto9. Whydontwechoosethatroadtosaveti

12、me?Thebridgetoit.A.hasrepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.willberepaired10.一YouspeakverygoodFrench!Thanks.IFrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.A.studiedB.studyC.wasstudyingD.hadstudied11.Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?Itsfantastic.TheonlypityisthatIthebeginningofit.A MissedB. had missed12. - I ve got

13、 to go now. Must you? I you couldA. thinkB. thoughtC. missD. would misssta y for dinner with us.C. havethoughtD. amthinking13. -Hi,Terry,canIuseyourcomputerforawhilethisafternoon?-Sorry.A.ItsrepairedB.IthasbeenrepairedC.ItsbeingrepairedD.Ithadbeenrepaired14. -Annisinhospital.-Oh,really?I_know.I_goan

14、dvisither.A.didnt;amgoingtoB.dont;wouldC.dont;willD.didnt;will15. Everyfewyears,thecoalworkerstheirlungsX-rayedtoensuretheirhealth.A.arehavingB.haveC.havehadD.hadhad7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1)一個(gè)動(dòng)作，開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(也許還將持續(xù)下去)。用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語有l(wèi)ately,recently,inthepast/lastfewdays/years,sincethen,uptonow,sofar等。Hehasbeenbusywriti

15、ngabookrecently.2)一件發(fā)生在過去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。說話人側(cè)重產(chǎn)生的影響。常用的狀語有already,just(剛剛)，yet等Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.(Iknowthefilmnow.)3)ItisthefirsttimethatIthecity.這是我第一次訪問這城市。ThisisthebestfilmthatI.這是我看過的最好的電影。4)Ihavelearnt3000wordsbynow.典型例題IheresinceIwasborn.我從出生起就住在這兒了。IttwoyearssinceIbecameapostgraduatestudent

16、.我考上研究生有兩年了。Youdontneedtodescribeher.Iherseveraltimes.(meet)-Imsorrytokeepyouwaiting.-Oh,notatall.Ihereonlyafewminutes.(be)8.過去完成時(shí)1)概念：表示過去的過去-111-其構(gòu)成是had+過去分詞構(gòu)成。過去的過去過去現(xiàn)在Shesaid(that)shetoParis.她告訴我她曾去過巴黎。Whenthepolicearrived,thethievesaway.警察到達(dá)時(shí)，小偷們?cè)缇团芰?。Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguestswhenhea

17、rrivedattheparty.湯姆失望了，因?yàn)樗竭_(dá)晚會(huì)時(shí)，大部分客人已經(jīng)走了。2) 特殊句式1.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadheardhimsing.2. By+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，句子用時(shí)。Bythetimehewastwelve,Edisontomakealivingbyhimself.開始自己謀生。3. Hardly/nosoonerhadIgothomewhen/thantherainpoureddown.4. Itwas/hadbeentenyearssincewehadhadsuchawonderfultime.ThestudentsbusilywhenMis

18、sBrownwenttogetabooksheintheoffice.A.hadwritten,leftB,werewriting,hasleftC.hadwritten,hadleftD.werewriting,hadleft過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)9 .將來完成時(shí)willhavedone表示到將來某一時(shí)間，某一動(dòng)作將會(huì)完成，常用時(shí)間狀語為by+將來時(shí)間點(diǎn)Theymarriedfor20yearsbythen.到那時(shí)他們結(jié)婚將有二十年了。YouShanghaibythistimetomorrow.明天此時(shí)，你已經(jīng)到達(dá)上海了。將來完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)10 .n完成進(jìn)行時(shí)has/havebeendoin

19、g表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行。HehasbeenlearningEnglishfor6years.(強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在還在學(xué))Ithasbeenrainingfor3days.(強(qiáng)調(diào)說話者抱怨的感情色彩)1. -WhydoestheLakesmellterrible?-Becauselargequantitiesofwater.A.havepollutedB.isbeingpollutedC.hasbeenpollutedD.havebeenpolluted2. Hissisterlefthomein1998,andsince.A.hadnotbeenheardofB.has

20、notbeenheardofC.hadnotheardofD.hasnotheardof3. ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversitiesrisingsteadilysince1990.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen4. Thisisthefirsttimethatweafilminthecinematogetherasafamily.A.seeB.hadseenC.sawD.haveseen5. Marywenttotheboxofficeatlunchtime,butalltheticketsout.

21、A.wouldsellB.hadsoldC.havesoldD.wasselling6. Shestaredatthepainting,wonderingwheresheit.A.sawB.hasseenC.seesD.hadseen7. Progresssofarverygoodandwearesurethattheworkwillbefinishedontime.A.wasB.hadbeenC.hasbeenD.willbe8. ThepopulationofJiangsutomorethantwicewhatitwasin1949.Thefigureisnowapproaching74m

22、illion.theirA.hasgrownB.havegrownC.grewD.aregrowing9. EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoney-makingjobstheybeforeleavinghometowns.A.promisedB.werepromisedC.havepromisedD.havebeenpromised10. 一Guesswhat,wevegotourvisasforashort-termvisittotheUKthissummer.-Hownice!Youadifferentculturethen.

23、A.willbeexperiencingB.haveexperiencedC.havebeenexperiencingD.willhaveexperienced11. Wereyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm?-No,Ithebook,soIalreadyknewthestory?A.wasreadingB.hadreadC.amreadingD.haveread12. Wevespenttoomuchmoneyrecently.-well,itisntsurprising.OurfriendandrelativesaroundallthetimeA.areco

24、mingB.hadcomeC.werecomingD.havebeencoming13. Thiscoastalareaanationalwildlifereservelastyear.A.wasnamedB.namedC.isnamedD.names14. Iwasjustgoingtocutmyrosebushesbutsomeoneit.Wasityou?A.hasdoneB.haddoneC.woulddoD.willdo15. Iwalkedslowlythroughthemarket,wherepeopleallkindsoffruitsandvegetables.Istudied

25、thepricescarefullyandboughtwhatIneeded.A.sellB.weresellingC.hadsoldD.havesold選我所愛1. Iwasntsureifhewasreallyinterestedorifhepolite.A.wasjustbeingB.willjustbeC.hadjustbeenD.wouldjustbe2. WhenAlicecameto,shedidnotknowhowlongshethere.A.hadbeenlyingB.hasbeenlyingC.waslyingD.haslain3. Experimentsofthiskin

26、dinboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.A.haveconductedB.havebeenconductedC.hadconductedD.hadbeenconducted4. Tominthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths.A.worksB.workedC.hasbeenworkingD.hadbeenworking5. -BobhasgonetoCalifornia.-Oh,canyoutellmewhenhe?A.hasleftB.leftC.isleavingD.wouldle

27、aving6. -Thatmusthavebeenalongtrip.-Yeah,itusawholeweektogetthere.A.takesB.hastakenC.tookD.wastaking7. Aftergettinglostinastorm,amemberofthenavyteamfourdayslater.A.rescuedB.wasrescuedC.hasrescuedD.hadbeenrescued8. Didyoupredictthatmanystudentsupforthedancecompetition?A.wouldsignB.signedC.havesignedD

28、.hadsigned9. WhenIgotonthebus,IIhadleftmywalletathome.A.wasrealizingB.realizedC.haverealizedD.wouldrealize10. Shewassurprisedtofindthefridgeempty;thechildeverything!A.hadbeeneatingB.hadeatenC.haveeatenD.havebeeneating11. Wearrivedatworkinthemorningandfoundthatsomebodyintotheofficeduringthenight.A.br

29、okeB.hadbrokenC.hasbrokenD.wasbreaking12. Ihearyouinapub.Whatsitlike?Well,itsveryhardworkandImalwaystired,butIdontmind.A.areworkingB.willworkC.wereworkingD.willbeworking13. Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplacesthatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftherisksofsmoking.A.suggestB.s

30、uggestsC.suggestedD.suggesting14. Tommyisplanningtobuyacar.一Iknow.Bynextmonth,heenoughforausedone.A.savesB.savedC.willsaveD.willhavesaved15. Ididntaskforthenamelist.Whyonmydesk?Iputittherejustnowincaseyouneededit.A.doesitlandB.hasitlandedC.willitlandD.haditlanded修修補(bǔ)補(bǔ)Tocelebratetheendofourexams,myfri

31、endsandIwenttoafastfoodrestaurant.We16hamburgersandCocaColaratthecounter.Whenour_17came,Istartedwalkingtowardsanemptytable.Bybadluck,mypursestrap（帶子）got18onachairandthetray（托盤）thatIwasholdingslipped19myhandsandwentflyingintheair.Thetray,anditscontents,20onamanwhowasjustaboutto21abiteofhissandwich.Is

32、tared,greatly22,asthedrinkssoaked（浸濕）hiswhiteshirt.ThenI23myeyesandpreparedmyselfforhisburstof24.Instead,hesaidItsOKto25_mebeforehedisappearedintowashroom.Stillshakyandunsure26todonext,myfriendsandIwenttoatableandsatthere,tryingourbesttolook27.Amomentlater,themancameoutofthewashroomand28ourtable.Myh

33、eartalmoststopped29.Ithoughthewasgoingtoaskformyfathers30andcallhim.Tomysurprise,hemerelysmiledatus,handedussomecashandsaid,31yourselfnewhamburgers.”Hethenwalked32withoutevenfinishinghisfood.Hecouldhavemadewhatwasalreadyanuncomfortablesituationworse,33hechoseadifferentwayandgaveusareasontobelievetha

34、tthereisstill34inthisworld.Illnever35hisactions.16.A.orderedB.madeC.arrangedD.demanded17.A.foodB.turnC.billD.menu22.A.discouragedB.disappointedC.shockedD.annoyed23.A.rolledB.rubbedC.narrowedD.closed24.A.bitternessB.anxietyC.angerD.sorrow25.A.satisfyB.comfortC.encourageD.praise26.A.howB.whoC.whatD.wh

35、ich27.A.mildB.honestC.calmD.modest28.A.pushedB.approachedC.drewD.laid29.A.beatingB.breakingC.sinkingD.trembling30.A.helpB.positionC.numberD.job31.A.PrepareB.BuyC.FindD.Cook32.A.onB.aroundC.upD.,away33.A.soB.sinceC.althoughD.but18. A. fixed B. caught19. A. by B. in20. A. knocked B. fell21. A. take B.

36、 tasteC. cut D. tiedC. from D. outC. stoodD. hungC. swallowD. chewbrightness34. A.kindnessB.happinessC.politenessD.35. A.forgetB.refuseC.opposeD.ignore哈皮閱讀IfyouwanttobecomeafluentEnglishspeakeryoushouldtakesomeadvice:TherearefourskillsinlearningEnglish.Theyarereading,listening,speaking,andwriting.Th

37、emostimportantthingyoumustrememberisthatifyouwanttoimproveyourspeakingandwritingskillsyoushouldfirstmastertheskillsofreadingandlistening.Readasmuchasyoucan,butyourreadingmustbeactive.Itmeansthatyoumustthinkaboutthemeaningofthesentence,themeaningoftheunfamiliarwords,etc.Thereisnoneedforyoutopaymuchat

38、tentiontogrammarsortrytounderstandalltheunfamiliarwordsyoucomeacross,butthefactthatyouseethemforthefirsttimeandrecognizethemwheneveryouseethem,forexampleinotherpassagesorbooks,isenough.Itwouldbebettertoprepareyourselfanotebooksoyoucanwritedowntheimportantwordsorsentencesinit.Asforlistening,therearet

39、wochoices:besidesreading,youcanlisteneverydayforabout30minutes.Youcanonlypayattentiontoyourreadingandbecomeskillfulatyourreading,thenyoucancatchuponyourlistening.Sinceyouhavelotsofinputsinyourmind,youcaneasilyguesswhatthespeakerisgoingtosay.Thisnevermeansthatyoushouldnotpracticelistening.Forlistenin

40、gyoucanlistentocartoonsorsomemoviesthatarespeciallymadeforchildren.Theirlanguagesareeasy.OrifyouaregoodatlisteningyoucanlistentoVOAorBBCprogramseveryday.Againthethingtorememberisbeingactiveinlisteningandpreferablytakingsomenotes.Ifyoufollowthesepiecesofadvice,yourspeakingandwritingwillimproveautomat

41、ically,andyoucanbesurethatwithalittleefforttheywillbecomeperfect.1. Accordingtotheauthor,whichshouldyouimprovefirstamongthefourskills?A.Readingandlistening.B.Readingandwriting.C.Writingandspeaking.D.Speakingandlistening.2. Toimproveyourreading,whenyoureadyoushould.A.lookupallthenewwordsinthedictiona

42、ryB.thinkaboutwhatyouarereadingactivelyC.spendmoretimestudyinggrammarsD.copyasmanywordsandsentencesaspossible3. Theunderlinedphrase“comeacross“inParagraph2canprobablybereplacedbe”.A.meetbyaccidentB.discoverC.findonpurposeD.lookfor4. Thepassageismainlyabouthowto.A.choosesuitablelisteningmaterialsB.dealwithnewwordsinreadingC.improveyourEnglishasquicklyaspossibleD.becomefluentinspeakingandwritingEnglish1.裝滿吻的盒子aBoxFullofKissesThestorygoesthatsometimeago,amanpunishedhis3-year-olddaughterforwastingarollofgoldwrappingpaper.Moneywastightandhe