外研社版高二選修7Module4語法省略句課件

1、省略句 為了避免重復(fù)為了避免重復(fù), ,省略句中的一個或省略句中的一個或幾個成分幾個成分, ,這種語法這種語法現(xiàn)象稱為省略現(xiàn)象稱為省略. .簡單句中的省略簡單句中的省略1.1.在對話中在對話中-How is your mother today?-How is your mother today?-(She is )(She is ) much better. much better.2.2.在祈使句中在祈使句中（You)You) open the door,please. open the door,please.3.3.在感嘆句中在感嘆句中What a What a (good)(good)

2、boy boy (he is)(he is)! !How How (hard)(hard) they are working! they are working!4.4.表示講話人的表示講話人的意見意見和和看法看法(It) sounds fine to me.(Its a) pity you couldnt come.5.5.提問提問(Is there) anything wrong?(Have you) found the bike?6.6.名詞所有格修飾的名詞若表示名詞所有格修飾的名詞若表示店鋪店鋪, ,住住宅宅, ,教堂教堂或或上下文已暗示或明確指出過的上下文已暗示或明確指出過的事物事物

3、At her mothers (house) she passed many happy days.7.7.前面出現(xiàn)過的動詞在下文再次出現(xiàn)前面出現(xiàn)過的動詞在下文再次出現(xiàn)時可以單純使用不定式符號時可以單純使用不定式符號totoI. -Will you go with me?-Well, Id like to (go with you).II. Have you ever been to the seaside?-No,we cant afford to (go to the seaside).并列句并列句中的省略中的省略1.1.后面分句中與前面相同的部分常被省略后面分句中與前面相同的部分常被省略

4、She was poor but (she was) honest.2.2.有時并列句中的省略部分出現(xiàn)在前面的分有時并列句中的省略部分出現(xiàn)在前面的分句中，看完最后一個分句才能掌握全句的完句中，看完最后一個分句才能掌握全句的完整意義。整意義。Mary can Mary can （speak Englishspeak English）and and Mary ought to speak English.Mary ought to speak English.慣用的省略結(jié)構(gòu)慣用的省略結(jié)構(gòu)1.1.無動詞祈使句無動詞祈使句, ,無主句祝愿句無主句祝愿句, ,這類句子這類句子往往用感嘆號往往用感嘆號.

5、.If only I could remember his name!2.2.固定句型固定句型How/What about + How/What about + n/pron/-ing.n/pron/-ing.What about some more milk?3.Why not +3.Why not +省去省去toto的動詞不定式。的動詞不定式。Why not go at once?復(fù)合句中的省略復(fù)合句中的省略1.主句中的省略主句中的省略1）主句的省略多見于句首，多用于口語中。）主句的省略多見于句首，多用于口語中。(Its a) pity you couldnt come.2)在對話中答句省

6、去整個主句只用從句。在對話中答句省去整個主句只用從句。-Shall I go to play?-If you like (you can go to play).2.賓語從句賓語從句中的省略中的省略1 1）由）由which,when,where,howwhich,when,where,how和和why why 引導(dǎo)的賓引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，可全部或部分省去語從句，可全部或部分省去, ,只保留引導(dǎo)詞。只保留引導(dǎo)詞。Please pass me one of these books, I dont care which (you pass me).2)2)在在I Im afraid,I think, I

7、 believe, I hope, I m afraid,I think, I believe, I hope, I guessguess等開頭的作答句中，后面跟等開頭的作答句中，后面跟so so 與與 not not 分別分別用于肯定或否定賓語是，賓語從句可省去。用于肯定或否定賓語是，賓語從句可省去。-Do you think it will rain?-I hope not (that it will not rain).3.狀語從句中的省略狀語從句中的省略1 1）狀語從句出現(xiàn)在句末時，一般都可以作句尾省略。）狀語從句出現(xiàn)在句末時，一般都可以作句尾省略。Coming swimming?Yo

8、u dont have to (coming swimming) if you dont want to (come swimming) .2)2)有時條件從句可以完全省去，只剩下主句。有時條件從句可以完全省去，只剩下主句。I would have come yesterday (if I had wanted to).3)3)以以as,than as,than 引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句可以全部或部分引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句可以全部或部分省去。省去。After half a hour, she become quieter (than she had been.)1.The research is so

9、designed that once _nothing can be done to change it. (2002年全國高考年全國高考)A. begins B. having begunC. beginning D. begun 狀語從句中，如果主句的主語和從句的主狀語從句中，如果主句的主語和從句的主語一致，且狀語從句的謂語動詞中有語一致，且狀語從句的謂語動詞中有be動詞，動詞，從句的主語連同從句的主語連同be可一起省略，該類狀語從可一起省略，該類狀語從句多為時間、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式或讓步等，句多為時間、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式或讓步等，連詞為連詞為when, while, though, if,

10、unless, although, as if 等，后面通常接分詞、不定式、等，后面通常接分詞、不定式、形容詞、名詞等。形容詞、名詞等。2.What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. (2004湖北高考湖北高考)A. the way B. in the way thatC. in the way D. the way which關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語從句中充當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語且不位于介詞之后可以省略；賓語且不位于介詞之后可以省略； 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞 that在先行詞在先行詞reason/ way后的省略。后的

11、省略。3.A computer does only what thinking people _. (1999上海高考上海高考)A. have it do B. have it doneC. have done it D. having it done不定式在感官動詞不定式在感官動詞see, hear, feel, watch, notice, look at , listen to, overhear, observe 和使役動詞和使役動詞 have, make, let 后后作賓語補(bǔ)足語時作賓語補(bǔ)足語時, 不定式省略不定式省略to 。 4.- Ill be away on a busine

12、ss trip. Would you mind looking after my car ?- Not at all. _. (1995NMET)A. Ive no time B. Id rather notC. Id like it D. Id be happy to動詞動詞love, mean, want, hate, like, wish, expect, hope，try, intend, plan, refuse, prefer, seem 及及be glad (pleased, delighted, happy) to 等后等后面接不定式時，為避免重復(fù)，常省略與上文面接不定式時，為

13、避免重復(fù)，常省略與上文相同的動詞，只保留相同的動詞，只保留to不定式符號。不定式符號。5.- You havent lost the ticket, have you ?- _. I know its not easy to get another one at the moment. (2004江蘇高考江蘇高考)A.I hope not B. Yes, I haveC. I hope so D. Yes, Im afraid so 替代詞替代詞so / not用于避免重復(fù)前面所說過的內(nèi)容，用于避免重復(fù)前面所說過的內(nèi)容，代替肯定的名詞性從句?？膳c動詞代替肯定的名詞性從句?？膳c動詞believe

14、 , do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think 等及等及 Im afraid連用?？隙〞r上列動詞都可連用?？隙〞r上列動詞都可與與so 搭配，否定時搭配，否定時hope與與guess 只用只用I hope not 和和I guess not 形式，而形式，而think ,believe , suppose 等詞等詞可有兩種否定形式可有兩種否定形式 ，即：，即：I think not 或或I dont think so.6._ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the vi

15、sit to the Yangpu Bridge. ( 1994上海高考上海高考 )A. Were B. ShouldC. Would D. Will 在書面語中在書面語中, 當(dāng)條件從句有當(dāng)條件從句有were, had, should 時省略時省略if , 把它們提至句首把它們提至句首, 形成形成倒裝句式。在含有建議、要求、命令等倒裝句式。在含有建議、要求、命令等相關(guān)的名詞性從句用相關(guān)的名詞性從句用should + V ，should 可以省略?？梢允÷?。7.- Lets go and have a good drink tonight.- _ Have you got the first p

16、rize in the competition? (2004重慶高考重慶高考)A. What for ? B. Thanks a lot .C. Yes, Id like to D. Why not ?省略在會話中廣泛應(yīng)用，解題時應(yīng)按照問省略在會話中廣泛應(yīng)用，解題時應(yīng)按照問話或答語的具體內(nèi)容補(bǔ)充完整話或答語的具體內(nèi)容補(bǔ)充完整, 做好該類做好該類題型一是要注意上下文語境，二是要注意題型一是要注意上下文語境，二是要注意常見句式的省略。常見句式的省略。 英語中常見句式的省略有：英語中常見句式的省略有：1.It is (that) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句式中強(qiáng)調(diào)句式中that 部分省部分省略。略。 2.(It is) No wonder ( 難怪難怪)3.(Is there) Anything else ?4.(Youd) Better do5.have some difficulty(