外研版高一英語必修一Module1語法總結(jié)

1、基礎(chǔ)學(xué)習(xí)1.詞匯記憶1.1反復(fù)閱讀，強(qiáng)化記憶（學(xué)會使用單詞）；1.2單詞-讀音-音標(biāo)，三者記憶時相輔相成；1.3做好計劃，利用零散時間，反復(fù)閱讀。Module 1 詞匯詞組academic ,kdmk adj. 學(xué)院的,學(xué)術(shù)的province prvins n.省enthusiastic in,ju:zistik a.熱情的amazed meizd adj.驚訝的amazing meizi a.令人吃驚的information ,infmein n.信息,通知website websait n.網(wǎng)站brilliant briljnt a.（口語）極好的comprehension ,kmprih

2、enn n.理解instruction instrkn n.（常復(fù)）指示，說明method med n.方法bored b: d adj.厭倦的embarrassed imbrsta.尷尬的embarrassingimbrsiadj.使人尷尬的attitude titju:d n.態(tài)度behavior biheivjn.行為，舉止previous pri:vis a.以前的adv.以前description diskripn n.描述technology teknldi n.技術(shù)impress impresvt.給深刻印象correction kreknn.改正encouragement in

3、kridmnt n.鼓勵enjoyment indimnt n.享受，樂趣fluency flu:nsin.流利misunderstanding,misndstndi n.誤解disappointed ,dispintid adj.失望的disappointing,dispinti adj.令人失望的system sistm n.系統(tǒng)；制度teenager ti:nid n.青少年disappear ,dispi vi.消失move mu:v vt.搬家，移動assistant sistnt n.助手coverkv vt.包括 n.蓋子diplomadiplumn.畢業(yè)文憑,學(xué)位證書重點詞組i

4、n other words 換句話說look forward to doing sth. 期待；盼望look for 尋找be impressed with 對印象深刻be different from 與不同at the start of 在開始的時候at the end of 在結(jié)束的時候be divided into被（劃）分成take part in 參加2.語法基礎(chǔ)2.1語法入門主語：句子或者句意的主要人物或事物，一般在句首。主語的成分有名詞（如boy），主格代詞（如you），動詞不定式，動名詞等。謂語：謂語由動詞構(gòu)成，是英語時態(tài)、語態(tài)變化的主角，一般在主語之后。不及物動詞（vi.）

5、沒有賓語，形成主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，如：We come.賓語：賓語位于及物動詞之后，一般同主語構(gòu)成一樣，不同的是構(gòu)成賓語的代詞必須是代詞賓格，如：me，him，them等 例： The boy needs a pen.定語：對主語或者賓語的修飾。漢語中常用的表示。定語通常位于被修飾的成分前。副詞用作定語時須放在名詞之后。 _作定語： The little boy needs a blue pen._作定語：Two boys need two pens._作定語： His boy needs Toms pen._作定語： The boy needs a ball pen.狀語：主語處于一種什么狀態(tài)。狀語修飾

6、動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句，說明方式、因果、條件、時間、地點、讓步、方向、程度、目的等。狀語在句子中的位置很靈活，常見情況為：通常在句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)之后，強(qiáng)調(diào)時放在句首。 有時狀語在句中的某個位置會引起歧義，應(yīng)注意。如：The boy calls the girl in the classroom._狀語：The boy needs a pen now. /Now, the boy needs a pen. /The boy, now, needs a pen.補語：補充說明信息和情況。補語，就是補充說明的語言，英語中一般有主語補語和賓語補足語，主語補語很少提及，賓語補足語倒是句子的常見組成部分。例

7、一Please dont call me fat. 例二They made the girl cry. 2.2詞法名詞（n），動詞(v)，形容詞(adj)，副詞(adv)，冠詞，代詞，介詞MODULE 1 精講3.1.IlikeChinesebecauseIenjoyreadingstoriesandpoems.非謂語動詞做賓語v.ing & to do sth.enjoy doing 喜歡做只能接動名詞做賓語： enjoy imagine cant help 喜歡 想象 禁不住3.2. I live in shijiazhuang，a city not far from Beijing.（1

8、）a city not far from Beijing是shijiazhuang的同位語（2）比較級： farfartherfarthestI can throw the ball farther than you can.（3）far表示不確切的距離，表示距離的數(shù)量詞不能與它搭配。判斷：She lives five miles far from here.She lives five miles from here.She lives far from here.3.3.Theteacherswriteonthecomputer,andtheirwordsappearonthescreen

9、behindthem. appear 常用作不及物動詞或連系動詞，表示“出現(xiàn)，顯現(xiàn)”，后接不定式、形容詞或從句。appear做連系動詞，表示“似乎，顯得”。It appears that she will win.3.4. Andwehavefun.(1)havefun玩得開心，快樂(2)have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事是快樂的have fun with sb. 和某人在一起是快樂的Thechildrenwerehavingalotoffunwiththebuildingblocks.3.5. Imlookingforwardtodoingit！lookforwardt

10、osth./doingsth. 期待著某事/做某事”，其中“to”是介詞。動詞介詞to構(gòu)成的常用短語有：turnto求助于；轉(zhuǎn)向；翻到payattentionto注意belongto屬于3.6.Theteachersareveryenthusiasticandfriendlyandtheclassroomsareamazing.(1) be enthusiastic about sb./ sth. 對熱心/著迷Zheng chi is enthusiastic about football games.(2) amazing adj. 令人吃驚的It is amazing that you c

11、ant swim.(3) 以-ing和-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞用法： 例She is an _ (interest) writer, and Im _(interest) in the subjects that she _(write) about.以-ing和-ed的結(jié)尾的形容詞，常用來表示特征和狀態(tài)。形式是動詞的過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞，但是實際上卻是形容詞。常見的有：tired/tiring, satisfied/satisfying, interested/interesting, disappointed/disappointing, pleased/pleasing等。ed結(jié)尾的形容詞，通常

12、用于說明句中主語（人）的情緒變化，對人和物的態(tài)度感受，常譯為某人感到的；-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞，主要用于說明事物，表示事物的性質(zhì)或特征，若用它們說明人，則表示此人具有此性質(zhì)或特征。通常譯為令人的。He is not interested in politics.The book is very interesting.比較：Heisfrightened. Heisfrightening.3.7. TheteacherisaveryenthusiasticwomancalledMsShen.例The players _ from the whole country are expected to

13、bring us honor in this summer game.A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected （1）calledMsShen 過去分詞短語作定語，與所修飾的詞邏輯關(guān)系上存在被動關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于定語從句的 who/ that is called MsShen.We visited the new library built three weeks ago. （2）過去分詞作定語，與所修飾的詞邏輯關(guān)系上存在被動關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，與所修飾的詞邏輯關(guān)系上存在主動關(guān)系。Do you know the man sta

14、nding by the door?Do you know the man locked in the room?3.8.MsShensmethodofteachingisnothingliketheteachersatmyJuniorHighschool.(1) nothing like 絲毫不像 something like 大約，有點像(2) that 代替前面提到的method【辨析】one,that,it用法解析例If youre buying todays paper from the stand, could you get_ for me?A. one B. it C. thi

15、s D. that1. one 泛指，代替前面提到過的那類人或物，指代可數(shù)名詞。復(fù)數(shù)形式ones前面需要定語修飾。(同名異物)Tom has a red pen and two blue ones.2. that 特指，代替前面提到過的那類事物，指代可數(shù)或者不可數(shù)名詞。 (同名異物)MaryshandwritingisfarbetterthanthatofPeter.3. it特指，代替前面提到的具體事物。（同名同物）Ihavelostmyumbrella;Imlookingforit.3.9. IdontthinkIwillbeboredinMs.Shensclass!be bored wi

16、th 對厭倦 bore sb with 因使某人厭倦 bore sb. by doing sth. 做某事使某人厭倦 (1)否定轉(zhuǎn)移：英語中有些動詞，如think,believe,expect,imagine等，后面接一個具有否定意義的賓語從句時，賓語從句中的not轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的謂語動詞中。Wedontthinkthereisanythinginterestinginyourpictures.我們認(rèn)為你的畫并沒有什么有趣的地方.(2) I think(believe,expect,imagine) +賓語從句， 否定轉(zhuǎn)移，反意疑問句與賓語從句主謂一致。Idontthinkitsgoingtora

17、intomorrow,isit?(3) 反意疑問句主語不是第一人稱，否定轉(zhuǎn)移，反意疑問句與主句主謂一致。YoudontthinkIhavemademistakes,doyou?例Idontthinkitisgoodforanimalstostayatzoos，_？Iagreewithyou.A.isntitB.dontI C.isit D.doI4.0. Inotherwords,therearethreetimesasmanygirlsasboys.(1)inotherwords換句話說 ina/oneword 簡而言之，總之Imnotusedtothewayyouspeaktome.Ino

18、therwords,Idontwanttocontinueourconversations.例I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times_.A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many(2)倍數(shù)+as+adj.+as+被比較的對象AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.倍數(shù)+比較級+than+被比較的對象AsiaisthreetimeslargerthanEurope.倍數(shù)+thesize/length/height+of+被比較

19、的對象 AsiaisfourtimesthesizeofEurope.課后練習(xí)1. The parents suggested _ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. having slept2. I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _talking while she works. A. working; stopping

20、B. to work; stopping C. working to stop D. to work to stop3. The art show was _ being a failure ；it was a great success.A. far from B. next to C. along with D. regardless from4. - We are supposed to be there at 6:00? - _ I know, so we are.A. As soon as B. As far as C. So long as D. As possible as5.

21、My brother is an actor. He _ in several films so far. Aappears Bappeared Chas appeared Dis appearing6. -Im going to stay in Beijing for two days. -_!A. Thanks B. Its my pleasure C. With pleasure D. Have fun7. Thank you_ visiting our school. We look forward_ seeing you again.A. to;to B. for;for C. fo

22、r;to D. to;for8. Even if too old to work much, the retired worker is very _ about the street affairs.A. eager B. keen C. anxious D. enthusiastic9. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them_in his lectures.A. interested B. interestingC. interest D. to interest10. Mrs. Whit

23、e showed her students some old maps _ from the library.A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing11. Swimming is my favorite sport. There is _like swimming as a means of keeping fit. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything12Im expecting a pet dog for long，but mom has no time t

24、o buy _ for me Ait Bone Cthis Dthat13. Mrs Black doesnt believe her son is able to design a plane,_?A. is he B. isnt he C. doesnt she D. does she14. Brian told you that there wasnt anyone in the room at that time ,_?A. was there B. was not thereC. did not he D. did he15. The new stadium being built

25、for the next Asian Games will be_the present one.A. three times as big as B. as three times big as C. as big as three times D. as big three times asMODULE 1 時態(tài)例1 “Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say, “because every step _.”A. has shown B. is showing C. shows D. showed例2 Walmart, wh

26、ich is one of the largest American supermarket chains, _ some of its stores open 24 hours every day.A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept一般現(xiàn)在時用動詞原形表示，be和have在人稱和數(shù)上應(yīng)按照自己的規(guī)則與主語保持一致。其他動詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)律A. 表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和often, always, usually, sometimes, every day, once a week等時間狀語連用。（1）He takes a walk after supper every day.B. 表示主語的性格，能力，所具備的特征（2）Mary speaks both English and French very well.C. 表示客觀事實或普遍真理（3）Light travels faster than soundD. 表示安排或