英語應(yīng)用文寫作講義整理

1、英語應(yīng)用文寫作講義整理Unit 1 Letter Writing and Note一 寫信EnvelopeWriting(信封的寫法) Addressing Envelopes :1、寄信人姓名、地址寫在信封的左上角，商貿(mào)機構(gòu)所用的信封，通常已在左上角印好寄信人地址； 2、收信人姓名地址寫在信封中央偏下位置，現(xiàn)在的流行寫法，除縮略語外，已不用標(biāo)點符號； 3、郵票貼在信封右上角，現(xiàn)國外來函大多已在右上角印妥郵資； 4、寄信人和收信人姓名、地址現(xiàn)多用齊頭式，也可用縮行式。其排列順序與漢語相反，先寫姓名，后寫地址，寫地址應(yīng)由小至大，即先寫機構(gòu)名稱，依次寫門牌、街道城市名、州（省）名及郵區(qū)代號，最后寫

2、國名； 5、關(guān)于信件類別，投遞方式及其他事項說明，寫在信封左邊寄信人地址下，或?qū)懺谧笙陆恰Ｈ鐟岩尚偶芊袼徒皇占?，可在信封最下緣?biāo)明“IF UNDELIVERED PLEASE RETURN TO”, 意為“無法投遞，請退交”格式圖例： stamp (郵票) addresser(發(fā)信人地址) addressee（收信人地址）Sample: English Department Dalian Maritime University Dalian, 116024 P.R. China Robert Cook Room 8, flat 22 Leazes Terrace Newcastle upo

3、n Tyne NE14 LY England 詞匯A. By Ail Mail/Par Avion 航空 B. Ail Mail Registered 航空掛號C. Registered 掛號郵件 D. Express 快遞E. Parcel Post 包裹郵件 F. Printed Matter 印刷品G. Sample Post 樣品郵件 H. With Compliments 贈品I. Photo Inclosed 內(nèi)有照片 J. Return Postage Guaranteed 保付退還郵費K. If Undelivered, Please Return to 如無法投遞，請退 Pr

4、ivate 私人信，親啟 Personal 個人信，私函 Confidential 機密信，密函v Private/Personal Letters(私人書信)Personal letters can be divided into two broad categories, based on the intended recipient: person-to-person letters and person-to-business letters. Person-to-person letters are letters that one individual sends to anoth

5、er individual that deal with personal matters, as opposed to business matters. Person-to-business letters are letters that individuals send to businesses or institutions on which deal with matters related to some type of business relationship between the two parties.格式與組成 (Formsand Ingredients) 1 He

6、ading(信頭) 2 insideAddress(信內(nèi)地址) 3 Salutation(稱呼) 4 TheBodyof theLetter(正文) 5 TheComplimentary Close(結(jié)尾) 6 Signature(簽名) 7 Postscript andEnclosureAttachment(附言 與附件) Main Styles:1. Full Block (平頭式)2. Indented Form (縮行式)3. Semi-block or Modified Style (折衷式)Sample 1 20 Market Street Halt whistle North U

7、mberland NE49 ODX 14th April, 2001The ManagerClassic Bookstore4 Grey StreetNEL 8STDear Sir,I would be grateful yours,signaturev 1. The Heading v The heading of a friendly letter should contain the return address (usually two lines) followed by a third line with the date. v In a friendly letter the h

8、eading is always indented to the middle of the page. v If the correspondents are familiar enough and the recipient knows the writers address, or if the stationery is imprinted with the return address, then the return address may be omitted. v Always include the date. v Example: 123 Main St. West New

9、field CT 06123 December 14, 2002 (Most authorities skip a line between the address and the date.) 2. The Greeting The greeting in a friendly letter capitalizes the first word and any noun. It normally ends with a comma, though it might be all right to end with an exclamation point when writing to so

10、meone with whom you are very familiar and the emphasis is appropriate. Example: Dear Aunt Miriam,3. The Body The body of the letter contains the main text. This includes the message you want to write. Normally in a friendly letter, the beginning of paragraphs is indented. If not indented, be sure to

11、 skip a space between paragraphs. Skip a line after the greeting and before the close.4. The Complimentary Close The complimentary close is always a few words on a single line. It begins with a capital letter and ends with a comma. It should be indented to the same column as the heading. Skip one to

12、 three spaces (two on a typewriter) for the signature line.5. The Signature Line Type or print your name. The handwritten signature goes above this line and below the close. The signature line and the handwritten signature are indented to the same column as the close. Unless there is great familiari

13、ty between the correspondents, the signature should be in blue or black ink. If the writer and reader are very friendly, or if the letter is handwritten in the same script as the signature, the signature line or the last name in the signature line may be omitted.Example: Truly yours, (Signature goes

14、 here) Margaret Fong6. Postscript If you want to add anything additional to the letter you write a P.S. (post script) and the message after that. You can also add a P.P.S after that and a P.P.P.S. after that and so on.The opening sentences(常用起首語) Thank you for your letter dated Oct. 23,2005.Many tha

15、nks for your letter of Sept. 4,2000.A thousand thanks for your kind letter of June 6, 2003.Your kind letter of Nov. 24th arrived this morning.Your letter which arrived today gave me great comfort.In reply to your letter dated 6th July , I want to sayThank you very much for your letter of August 1 an

16、d the gift you sent me on Christmas Eve.What a treat to receive your kind letter of May 5th.It is always a thrill to see your nice handwriting.First of all I must thank you for your kind assistance and high attention to me.With great delight I learn from your letter of this Sunday that I was so glad

17、 to receive your letter of March 23rd.I am writing to ask about the conference to be held in Beijing next year.I am very much pleased to inform you that my visit to your country has been approved.I wish to apply for teaching position you are offering.I am too excited and delighted at your good news.

18、I am very obliged to you for your warm congratulations.The closing sentences(常用結(jié)束語) Awaiting your good news,Looking forward to your early reply,Hoping to hear from you soon,We await your good news.I hope to hear from you very soon.We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.I look for

19、ward to our next meeting there in Los Angeles.Your early reply will be highly appreciated.Any other particulars wanted we shall be pleased to send you.The help you give me is sincerely valued.I hope everything will be well with you.Please let us know if you want more information.I hope you always en

20、joy yourself.I wish you every success in the coming year.Please remember me to your family.With best regards to your family.All the best.With love and good withes.The Complimentary Close 1私人書信常用Sincerely, Sincerely yours,Very Sincerely yours, Yours very Sincerely,Yours ever, Yours as ever,Yours affe

21、ctionately, Love,With love from, Your own,All my love, Your loving son (daughter.)Your ever son, Your affectionate (or loving) father (mother, sister) 2社交書信常用Your sincerely. Your truly.Yours faithfully. Truly your,Faithfully yours,3公函常用Yours respectfully, Respectfully yours,例子Dear Maria, This seems

22、to be a busier week than usual after our 6 weeks away. It was nice of you to have a letter to greet me. Thank you, dear. My hasty note told you of my arrival. Last night I went to see your grandmother and dined with her. She is pretty well now and she told me she miss you very much. She hopes youd b

23、etter come back and have a short stay at home. Yet, I told her you are now very busy with your lesson. She told me to tell you that you must come back during Christmas holidays. Would that be possible? No more now, dear Maria. Wish everything is well with you. With love, Cathy二Note/Letter of ThanksG

24、oals :v To write notes (format, language)v To write letters (formatheading, greeting, body, closing, signaturelanguage)v To write notes/letters of thanksv To know some useful expressionsNote與letter的不同Notes: short, not to be mailed. Left at home, the office or with a neighbor/friend. Letters: longer,

25、 to be sent through the mail.Notesv Format: -note to a friend (not to write our address/date; begin with the persons first name, close with our first names, not to write “sincerely”). -note to a professor/colleague (write the persons family name with a title before it, sign with our full name.v Lang

26、uage: -note to friends/families (phrases & incomplete sentences are very common). -note to people who are not our close friends (complete sentences to show politeness) Model 1: Alice leaves a note in her country cottage to her friend, Bonnie, who is going to stay there for a while.Model 2: Both Mark

27、 and Sheila work in a library. Mark is explaining a problem about a book in his note to Sheila. The note is left on the library desk, on top of the book in question.Model 3: A manager leaves a note to his new secretary.Lettersv Format: -Heading: top right-hand corner, including return address, date.

28、 -Greeting: skip one line, & write greeting/salutation “Dear.”on left part.-Body: -Closing: -Signature:v Language: complete sentence. Sometimes incomplete sentences to family members/close friends.Model 4: a letter to a close friendNotes/Letters of thanks Start with expressions of thanks; describe t

29、he reason. Then describe in detail our enjoyment/pleasure to make our thanks more sincere.-gift: mention the name of the gift, how much you like it/how you plan to use it.-money gift: “your generous gift”, not refer to the amount. (model 6)-visit: describe how you enjoyed it. (model 7) To be sincere

30、, avoid using over-flowery or empty language. Short, simple & direct language is always the most effective. To be aware of the differences between an informal note/letter and a formal one. (cf model 3 & 8 with other model notes/letters)Model 5: Jane comes to return Bobs dictionary she borrowed two d

31、ays ago. Bob is not in, so Jane leaves a note on his table.Model 6: a letter to a family member.（略）Model 7: a letter to a friend.Model 8: a formal letter.Exercise: compare the following two letters, and discuss which one is better.First Second又一例：Dear Mr. Smith, I am writing to you just to tell you

32、how very much I appreciate the warm welcome you extended to my wife when she visited your country last week. The help and advice you gave to her, and the introductions you arranged for her, have resulted in a number of very useful meetings and I should like you to know how very grateful I am for all

33、 you have done to make them possible. I realized the value of time to a busy person like you and this makes me all the more appreciative of the time you so generously gave to her.敬愛的史密斯先生： 我寫此信是想告訴您我是多么感激您在我太太上周訪問貴國時給予他的熱情款待。你給予她的協(xié)助和寶貴意見，以及為她安排的情況介紹，使她有機會開成幾次十分有用的會議，這一切都得助于您才得以辦成，我對此真是感激不盡。我深知時間對于像您

34、一樣忙的人是多么寶貴，而您如此慷慨地拿出時間接待她，我為此要向您表示無限的感謝。 Useful expressions：Neutral: Than you for.(-ing)./ I must thank you forMore formal: I am grateful for your help/for your showing meInformal: Thanks for/ It was very nice of you toI would like to thank you.Dan and I are extremely grateful.I really appreciate.Th

35、omas and I cant thank you enough.I was so excited to receive.Thank You Wording ExamplesIt isnt always easy coming up with enough adjectives and descriptions for gifts, especially if you are thanking for wedding gifts. Mention the specific gift in your thank you note wording. Pick some adjectives fro

36、m the list below if you need some thank you note wording inspiration.Special GenerousPerfect UsefulExquisite PrettyBeautiful Attractive Elegant StunningMuch needed ThoughtfulThank You PhrasesThink of ways that you will be using the gift and work it into your note/letter. Below are some phrases you m

37、ight find useful. Well enjoy using.The. is perfect for.The. is gracing the entrance hall.I cant believe how well the. matches our.We will always treasure.It matches our. perfectly. is a welcome addition to our new home.The. is really useful.Supplemented model Dear Grandpa, Thank you for the new fish

38、ing rod. It was one of my best birthday presents. I cant wait till I see you next summer, so we can go fishing together. With my new rod, maybe I can catch as many fish as you do! Im working hard in school this year. My favorite subject is science, and guess what? Were going to learn about fish in t

39、he spring. Thanks again for the great present. I cant wait to see you and Grandma in June. Love, JoeyDear Mary, Thank you so much for the lovely roses you sent me. They cheered me up no end and are now gracing the entrance hall. They smell gorgeous and I have had lots of favorable comments. I cant b

40、elieve they are from your garden; you really must have green fingers. Thanks again and see you soon. Love, June Dear Jill and Tom, Thanks ever so much for the surprise party you organized for me. I cant believe how good you both are at keeping secrets; I never suspected a thing! Everyone really enjo

41、yed themselves and had a wonderful time, myself included. I hope you dont mind me enclosing a little gift as a thank you to you both. Enjoy! Love, JoanDear Amy and Dave, Thank you so much for the fabulous dinner last night. It was so kind and thoughtful of you both to invite us. We always have such

42、great fun in your company and last night was no exception. The chicken was delicious; you must give me the recipe so I can try it out at home. Thanks once again and next time its dinner at ours. Love, Jane and Jack三Writing a Note/Letter of ArrangementsPoints to mention: arrangementsv What we are pla

43、nning or going to do.v At what place we will do it.v At what time we will do it. Examples: notes (models 1-3); letters (models 4-5)v Models 1-3: husband wife; friend friend; classmate classmatev Model 4: colleague colleague (read & find the difference!)v Letter 5: with details & make arrangement for

44、 writer himselfv Letter 6: rough suggestions; make arrangement for her friend.Model 1: from husband to wife.Emmameet you at the corner shop 2.15. Love Tony Model 2: from friend to friend.Dear Janny, “Star Wars” is on at Cinecentre 2 at 7.30. Well meet you there at 7.15 for a drink first. Itll probab

45、ly go on for 2 hours. Pizza afterwards. Alison Model 3: from classmate to classmate.Oct. 10 Zhang, The lecture has been put off to tomorrow evening at 6.30, the same room. I might be a few minutes late because I have an appointment with my teacher. Please save a seat for me.Chen Ning Model 4: from c

46、olleague to colleague.3.15 pmNick, (1) Mr. Park called. Wants a meeting tomorrow at 9. (2) Fox will call tomorrow at about 3 pm. (3) Remember to call R & K.Bessy Model 5: a letter to relatives12 Uverdale Road London SW7 May 14thDear Aunt Mary, I thought Id drop you a line to confirm the arrangements for my trip over to S