現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀6-paraphrase-原文+譯文版

1、精品文檔Lesson one1. Virtue is, indeed must be, self-centered.(para4)正確的行動(dòng)是，確實(shí)也必須是以自我為中心的。By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest.2. The essentials are familiar: the poverty of the poor was the fault of the poor.And it was because it was product of their excessive fecundity.(para

2、5)他的基本觀點(diǎn)為人熟知：窮人的貧窮是他們咎由自取，貧窮是熱門(mén)過(guò)度生育的結(jié)果The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.3. Poverty being caused in the bed meant that the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration. (para6)貧窮源于過(guò)度生育意味著富人不應(yīng)該為產(chǎn)生貧窮和解決貧窮承擔(dān)責(zé)任The rich were not to blame for the

3、existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.4. It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God(para8) 這是自然規(guī)律和上帝的意志在起作用。It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature or to human society.5.

4、 It declined in popularity, and reference to it acquired a condemnatory tone.(para9)然而在 20 世紀(jì)，人們認(rèn)為社會(huì)學(xué)中的達(dá)爾文進(jìn)化論有點(diǎn)過(guò)于殘酷，遭到了普遍的質(zhì)疑，人們提及它都帶有譴責(zé)的口吻。People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose treasured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when i

5、t was mentioned, it was usually the target of criticism.6. In recent years, however, it has become clear that the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it was only suspended.(para11) 然而， 最近幾年， 很顯然我們又在試圖尋求不為窮人的存在而內(nèi)疚的辦法 這種嘗試并沒(méi)有 結(jié)束， 而只是曾經(jīng)中斷過(guò)一段時(shí)間。The desire to find a

6、 wayto justify the unconcern for the poor had not been abandoned; it had only been put off.7. In fact, we have in the United States an extraordinarily good public service one made up of talented and dedicated people who are overwhelmingly honest and only rarely given to overpaying for monkey wrenche

7、s, flashlights, coffee makers, and toilet seats(para13)實(shí)際上， 美國(guó)有非常優(yōu)秀的公共服務(wù)隊(duì)伍一支由富有才于和敬業(yè)精神的人組成的隊(duì)伍， 他們非常誠(chéng)實(shí)， 以致像出高價(jià)購(gòu)實(shí)活動(dòng)扳手、 手電筒、 咖啡壺以及馬桶坐圈以獲取回扣的情況及為罕見(jiàn)Government officials, on the whole, are good; it is very rare that some would pay high prices for office equipment to get kickbacks.8. This is perhaps our mo

8、st highly influential piece of fiction. (para15) 這種說(shuō)法也許是我們最有影響的一個(gè)虛構(gòu)故事。It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.9. Belief can be the servant of truth- but even more of convenience.(para16) 信念可以是真理的仆人，但更多的情況下只是一時(shí)之需。Belief can be useful in the search for truth. But mo

9、re often than not it is accepted because it is convenient and self-serving.10. George Gilder, a greatly favored figure of the recent past, who tells to much applause that the poor must have the cruel spur of their own suffering to ensure effort.(para20)11. 最近深受歡迎的喬治吉爾德在眾人的支持聲中宣稱窮人應(yīng)該承受一定的痛苦，才能受到激勵(lì)而努力

10、改變現(xiàn)狀；George Gilder advances the view that only when the poor suffer from great misery will they be stimulated to make great efforts to change the situation; in other words, suffering is necessary to force the poor to work hard.Lesson two12. ut these marks of wild country called to my father like the

11、 legendary siren song. 可是正是這些特征，像希臘神話里海妖那動(dòng)聽(tīng)的歌聲一樣，誘惑著爸爸。Though the place was not pleasant and disagreeable to other people, they were the very things that fascinated myfather-itsunexplored, uncultivated natural state,and the challenge. The attractions were irresistible to my father, just like the leg

12、endary siren song to sailors.2 ."I'm afraid the day's going to catch us," I explained, wondering what great disaster might befall us if it did. “我怕天就要黑了，” 我解釋到，心里想天真的黑 了，會(huì)有什么樣更大的災(zāi)難降臨到我們頭上。As a little girl, I believed my father's words, and was genuinely afraid of the possible d

13、isaster-if we didn't hurry up, the day would catch us and terrible things might happen.3 from time to time he was halfheartedly sought for trial, though few crimesseemed to lead directly to his door.警察們時(shí)不時(shí)地例行公事，試圖逮捕他，但似乎找不出他違法的具體證據(jù)。In this place, though the police wound make some effort without

14、real earnest to investigate Watson and bring him to court, there seemed to be little concrete evidence to prove that he was responsible for certain illegal activities.4 .The stranglehold Watson had over this section of Florida was not dissimilar tothe unscrupulous activities of certain lawmen, other

15、 legal crooks, and even governors that our state was to suffer through its history.沃森在佛羅里達(dá)州這一地區(qū)的惡霸行為與我們?cè)诤髞?lái)所遭受的某些執(zhí)法者、 法律騙子， 甚至一些地方官員們的無(wú)恥 行徑毫無(wú)二致。The control Watson had over this part of Florida was much similar to the dishonest or illegal activities of the law-enforcing officials and governors which F

16、lorida witnessed in the 20th century.5 . There was the little shack, not the most gracious of living quarters, and there was a murderer for our nearest and only neighbor, about thirty miles away.小島上有一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)陋的木屋，算不上很好的居住場(chǎng)所，唯一的近鄰就是住在30 英里外的殺人犯沃森。Before the family built their own house, they lived in a sha

17、bby cabin at Gopher Key, close to the merciless Watson.6 .King Richard in his gluttony never sat at a table more sumptuous than ours wasthree times a day. 即使是講究美食的國(guó)王理查德也不可能像我們一樣一日三餐吃著如此豐盛的野味。We had abundant food on the island, and even the meals enjoyed by King Richard, who was famous for his love o

18、f food, couldn't possibly compare with ours.7 .Despite the unrelenting heat, we were happy to be let off from our hours of school indoors, sessions which our mother kept every day, rain or shine.盡管烈日當(dāng)頭，我們卻很高興不用在屋里上課； 平時(shí)每天的這個(gè)時(shí)候， 無(wú)論晴天還是下雨， 媽媽都要給我們 上課。Although it was very hot outside in the sun, we

19、 were happy to be dismissed from my mother's sessions indoors. We would have to read and write with her every day no matter what the weather was like.Unit 31. Even droughts, floods and heat waves may become unwitting acts of man. (para2) 甚至干旱、洪水、熱電波等都可能是人類的無(wú)心之過(guò)What people do may unintentionally

20、cause droughts, floods and heat waves.2. But this image, now repeatedly thrust before us in photographs, posters, and advertisements, is misleading.(para4)但這種曾無(wú)數(shù)次展現(xiàn)在我們面前的照片海報(bào)和廣告上的景象都是誤導(dǎo)The Earth we see in photos, posters, and ads, which appears so beautiful, is not the true reflection of the world w

21、e live in.3. The technosphere has become sufficiently large and intense to alter thenaturalprocesses that govern the ecosphere.(para5)如此龐大和強(qiáng)烈的技術(shù)圈已經(jīng)改變了控制生態(tài)圈的自然進(jìn)程Human activities have taken place over such large areas and with such intensity that they have already caused disastrous effects on ecology.

22、4. which could establish itself only because it fitted properly into thepreexisting system.(para6)但正因?yàn)轸~(yú)能適應(yīng)這一業(yè)已存在的系統(tǒng)，它才得以立足。The fish could play its role because it became a necessary link with the processes preceding it and the processes following it in the ecological system.5. Defined so narrowly, i

23、t is no surprise that cars have properties that are hostile to their environment.(para8)若只為迎合買(mǎi)者和生產(chǎn)商汽車(chē)具有不利于環(huán)境的性能也就不足為奇了。When cars are produced to serve such narrow purposes, it is not surprising that some of their characteristic qualities are harmful to the environment.6. Yields rose, but not in prop

24、ortion to the rate of fertilizerapplication.(para9)產(chǎn)量提高了，卻與肥料投入量不成正比The farmers applied more and more chemical fertilizer, but production did not increase at the same rate.7. their waste is flushed into the sewer system altered in composition but notin amount at treatment plant.(para11)而它們的廢物被沖送下水道，

25、經(jīng)處置后成分發(fā)生了改變但數(shù)量沒(méi)有變化People, after digestion, excrete the waste which is flushed into the sewer system. The sewage goes to a treatment plant which modifies it, but it is still waste after being processed. The waste does not reenter the life cycle but disturbs the natural processes wherever it is dumped

26、.8. Left to their own devices, ecosystems are conservative.(para12)若生態(tài)小環(huán)境保持其自身的方式，它們將幾乎保持不變，進(jìn)化速度十分鍾慢。If the ecosystems are not upset by outside intrusion, they will remain the same with very little change9.In contrast to the ecosphere, the technosphere is composed of objects and materials that refle

27、ct a rapid and relentless process of change and variation.(para13) 與生態(tài)圈相反，技術(shù)圈是由線性流程決定的The characteristics of the objects and materials in the technosphere are rapid change and great variety.10.But this is done only at the cost of understanding.(para18) 但這種做法卻是以我們的理解為代價(jià)的If we take sides in the war of

28、 the two worlds, we are doing so at the risk of failing to have a clear understanding of the nature and cause of the war. Thus, we lose the chance to really solve the grave environmental crisis.Unit41. How all my own territory would be altered, as if a landslide had gone throughit and skimmed off al

29、l meaning except loss of Mike.(para13)我的世界發(fā)生了天翻地覆的變化，就像發(fā)生了山崩，除了邁克的離去，其余 的所有記憶都 被沖掉了。The impact of Mike's leaving on mylife was beyond myimagination. I didn't expect that Mike's leaving would have such a tremendous power that it would change the meaning of my existence completely. All my

30、thoughts were about loss of Mike2. During that time of life that is supposed to be a reproductive daze, with the woman's mind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compelled to discuss Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and "The Cocktail Party".(para19)生命中的那段時(shí)光本應(yīng)是忙于照著孩子， 大腦

31、處在一種產(chǎn)后帶來(lái)的恍惚忙碌中， 可我們卻討論著西蒙波娃、阿瑟?jiǎng)P斯特勒以及雞尾酒會(huì)兒At that time we were young mothers, and we were supposed to lead a terribly busylife full of confusion and bewilderment caused by giving birth to and raising babies. And our minds were supposed to be fully occupied by how to feed the babies and things like th

32、at. However, in the midst of all this we still felt the need to discuss some of the important thinkers of our time like Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and T. & Eliot's sophisticated work "The Cocktail Party".3. I would be frightened, not of any hostility but of a kind ofnon

33、existence.(para25) 這時(shí)我會(huì)感 覺(jué)到害怕不是因?yàn)槿藗冎g的不友好，而是因?yàn)槲腋械阶约翰粡?fù)存在。I would be frightened, and myfear was not caused by my neighbors' visibly hostile and violent way of lifts but by a kind of formless and hidden emptiness and meaninglessness of humanexistence. What happenedaround mewas totallyirrelevantto m

34、e, and I felt very isolated and alienated.4. She did not ask me-was it delicacy or disapproval?-about mynew life.(para29)她沒(méi)有詢問(wèn)我的新生活，或是緣于不便提起，或是出于對(duì)我的新生活的不贊同She did not ask me about my new life, either out of subtle consideration for my feeling about this sensitive subject or out of disapproval of my

35、new life style.5. It would be a sleazy thing to do, in the house of his friends.(para49) 在他朋友 的家里，那的確是很不應(yīng)該做的事。It would be a morally low thing, an indecent thing to commit infidelity in the house of a friend.6. I knew now that he was a person who had hit rock bottom.(para88) 我現(xiàn)在知道，他是世上最不幸的人. I knew t

36、hat he was a person who had experienced the worst in life, the hardest experience a person might have to endure.7. He and wife knew that together and it bound them, as something like that would either break you apart or bind you, for life.(para88)他和妻子共同體驗(yàn)了這一切。 這把他們綁在了一起， 就像有些事在生活中要么 把你們拆散， 要么使你們終生在一

37、起They experienced the worst together and they knew what it was like and understood the meaning of that experience. Such an experience posed the gravest test to people. If they stood the test, their friendship or marriage would he strengthened, and a sacred bondage would be formed between them. But i

38、f they failed the teat, their relationship would be broken and they would be driven apart.8. Not risking a thing yet staying alive as a sweet trickle, an underground resource. With the weight of this now stillness on it, this seal.(para94) 我們 不拿它來(lái)冒險(xiǎn)，而是讓它像涓涓細(xì)流慢慢地流淌，仿若地下資源。將愛(ài)封存，讓它靜靜地沉淀。If they acted o

39、n love, they would take risks. They wouldn't do that or go furtherin their relationship, but they would rather let their love remain as a sweet trickle, which would flow on gently and permanently, and as an underground resource, which would never be fully tapped but would never go dry.Unit 51 .T

40、he national rejection of dogmatic preconceptions about the nature of the social and economic order (para 6) 美國(guó)拒絕關(guān)于社會(huì)本質(zhì)和 經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律的教條式偏見(jiàn)。As a nation, America has refused to cling to certain rigid principles concerning social and economic development. America has been adaptable and flexible.2 .Nor can one

41、suggest that Americans have been consistently immune to the ideological temptation. (para8) 沒(méi)有人能說(shuō)美國(guó)始終如一地不受意識(shí)形態(tài)體系誘惑的影響，No one can say that Americans have never been tempted by the approach of understanding, preserving or transforming the world according to rigid dogmas.3 .and any intellect so shaped

42、was bound to have certain vulnerability to secular ideology ever after.(para 8)而如此形成的思維方式一定始終容易受到 世俗意識(shí)形態(tài)體系的攻擊。A mind influenced by Calvinist theology would surely find it somewhat difficult to resist other temptations to ideological thinking.4 .Pragmatism is no more wholly devoid of abstractions tha

43、n ideology is wholly devoid of experience.(para10)實(shí)用主義并不完全排斥抽象慨念，就像意識(shí)形態(tài)體系不完全排斥經(jīng)驗(yàn)一樣。Abstract ideas have a place in pragmatism just as experience has a role in ideology. 5.As an ideologist, however, Jefferson is today remote- a figure not of present concern but of historical curiosity(para11)然而，作 為一個(gè)意

44、識(shí)形態(tài)主義者，他只是一個(gè)令人好奇的歷史人物他的思想過(guò)時(shí)與今天的現(xiàn)實(shí)無(wú)關(guān)。As a man following a fixed set of beliefs, Jefferson is only an interesting historical figure. His beliefs are out of date and are irrelevant to present reality. 6.and often whose central dogmais confided to the custody of an infallible priesthood . (para15) 而這個(gè)理論

45、體系的本質(zhì)掌握在永無(wú)謬誤的圣人手中。The essence of the theoretical system is put in the hands of a small group of people who can never go wrong.7 .where free menmayfind partial truths, but where no mortal manwill ever get an abso lute grip on Absolute Truth,(para16) 一個(gè)自由的人們可以找到部分真理，而不是某個(gè)凡人獨(dú)自掌握了絕對(duì)真理的世界；In the universe

46、 a person whosemind is unconstrained maybe able to discover relative truths but no man on earth can claim that he has already grasped the one and only Truth.8 .But ideology is a drug; no matter howmuchit is exposed by experience, the craving f or it still persists.(para19) 但意識(shí)形態(tài)體系就像毒品不管實(shí)踐怎樣揭露它，對(duì)它的渴望

47、依然存在Ideology has the characteristic of a narcotic In spite of the fact that it has been proven wrong many times by experience, people still long to commit themselves to ideology.9 .the only certainty in an absolute system is the certainty of absolute abuse(para21) 絕對(duì)的權(quán)力必然導(dǎo)致權(quán)力的濫用。The only thing that

48、is sure of a despotic system is its unrestricted exercise of power.10 .The distinctive humantriumph, in their judgment, lies in the capacity to understa nd the frailty of humanstriving but to strive nonetheless.(para22) 他們懂得人類奮斗是存在缺憾的，但仍然奮斗不息。The most outstanding achievement of humanity is they know

49、 that no matter how hard they try, they cannot achieve Absolute Truth, yet they continue to makegreat efforts and refuse to give up.Unit71 . For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human life.(para2) 因?yàn)槿祟愒谧约旱氖种姓莆罩阋宰柚挂磺腥祟愗毟F的形成且破壞各 種人類 生活形式的力量。As a result of technological

50、development, human beings now have the power to putan end to poverty and humanmisery, but at the sametime they also possess the power to destroy the whole world, rendering it uninhabitable and lifeless.2 unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights.(para3)而且不愿目睹容許我國(guó)一向維護(hù)的人權(quán)被人

51、逐漸剝奪， 這是我們現(xiàn)今無(wú)論在國(guó)內(nèi)或國(guó)外都必須堅(jiān)持的立場(chǎng)We do not want to see or to allow the slow destruction of those human rights.3 . To those peoples in the huts and villages of half the globe struggling to breakthe bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves.(para8)對(duì)位于我們南邊的各個(gè)姐妹共和國(guó) 我們提出一項(xiàng)特

52、別的保證To the people of the underdeveloped countries living in poverty in rural areas, we are committed to helping them to rid themselves of mass poverty by their own efforts.4 . But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.(para9)但是此一希望的和平革命絕不能成 為敵國(guó)的犧牲品。But we should n

53、ot let any Communist power take advantage of this alliance for progress to expand its influence.5 . And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.(para9) 并讓所有美洲以外的國(guó)家都知道，西半球的事會(huì)由其自己管理。We want to make clear to the Communist powers that Americas are th

54、e Americas of the Americans. Do not attempt to penetrate into this area.6 before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanityin planned or accidental self-destruction.(para11)不要等到科學(xué)所釋放出的危險(xiǎn)的破壞力量在有意或無(wú)意中使全人類淪于自我毀滅. before the world is destroyed by a nuclear war launched in a

55、preemptive attack or caused by accident.7 yet both racing to alter the uncertain.of mankind's final war.(para13)然而卻仍然競(jìng)相改進(jìn)那足以遏止人類最后戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) 的那一不穩(wěn)定的恐怖均衡Yet both sides attempt to get an edge in the nuclear arms race so as to break the mutual deterrence which has so far prevented the outbreak of a nuclear

56、 war.8 civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject toproof.(para14)謙恭并不代表懦弱，但要證明其誠(chéng)意To be ready to negotiate and establish friendly relations does not mean that weare weak or afraid. Declarations of sincere intentionhave to be tested by actions.9 . Let both sidesseek to invoke

57、 the wondersof science instead of itsterrors.(para17)讓雙方探究是什么能使我們團(tuán)結(jié)在起，而避免致力于加強(qiáng)那些使我們分裂的問(wèn)題。Let the two sides use the fruits of science for the benefit of humanity rather than using high-tech weapons to kill and destroy.10 each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to itsnational

58、loyalty.(para21)每一代的美國(guó)人都曾被喚起表明其對(duì)國(guó)家的忠誠(chéng)There have been occasions for each generation of Americans to be called upon to fight and die for their country.Unit91.Perhaps because they don t have home towns, just places where they were born. But these girls soak up the juice of their home towns, and it never leaves them.(para2)也許因?yàn)樗齻儾辉屑亦l(xiāng)，那些地方只是她們的出生地。但是她們深受家鄉(xiāng)的影響，而且這種影響伴隨她們終生aThis is perhaps because they only have places of birth, but not places where theyfeel at homeand which they identify themselves with. But these girls are strongly influenced by their hometown, and