江蘇省牛津譯林版英語(yǔ)2020年 中考專題復(fù)習(xí)整理：形容詞及副詞用法及辨析（word精編版含答案及解析）

1、2020屆中考英語(yǔ)專題三：形容詞及副詞用法及辨析知識(shí)梳理：形容詞和副詞我們?cè)谥锌紡?fù)習(xí)時(shí)要掌握三方面的內(nèi)容：原級(jí)；比較級(jí)；最高級(jí)一、形容詞 形容詞修飾名詞/不定代詞，說(shuō)明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征。一般放所修飾名詞前作定語(yǔ)，也可獨(dú)立作表語(yǔ)/賓補(bǔ)等1、作定語(yǔ)： This is an interesting story. Kitty is a clever cat. 2、作表語(yǔ)： Yao Ming is very tall. Our classroom is big and bright.3、作賓補(bǔ)： don't make your hands dirty. We're trying to

2、 make our school beautiful. 形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)，要放在名詞的前邊。但是如果形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)，要放在這些詞后。 例如：something important二、以-ly結(jié)尾的形容詞 1、大部分形容詞加-ly可構(gòu)成副詞。但 friendly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，仍為adj。2、有些以-ly 結(jié)尾既為形容詞，也為副詞。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.三、用形容詞表示類別

3、和整體 1、某些形容詞加上定冠詞可泛指一類人，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry。2、有關(guān)國(guó)家和民族的形容詞加上定冠詞指這個(gè)民族的整體，與動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)連用。the British，the English，the French，the Chinese. 四、多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞的順序 多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，順序：限定詞-數(shù)詞-描繪詞-(大小，長(zhǎng)短，形狀，新舊，顏色) -出處-材料性質(zhì)，類別）1 a small round table 2 a tall gray building 3 a dirty old

4、 brown shirt4 a famous German medical school 5 an expensive Japanese sports car五、形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí) 大多數(shù)形容詞（性質(zhì)形容詞）和副詞有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化，即原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，用來(lái)表示事物的等級(jí)差別。原級(jí)即形容詞的原形，比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。1) 規(guī)則變化單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞，加詞尾-er，-est來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。構(gòu)成法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)一般單音節(jié)詞未尾加-er,-esttall(高的) great(巨大的)tallergreatertallestgreatest以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的

5、單音詞和少數(shù)以- le結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞只加-r,-stnice(好的) ；large(大的)nicer；largernicest；largest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞，雙寫結(jié)尾輔音字母，再加-er，-estbig(大的)hot (熱的)biggerhotterbiggesthottest以輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，改y為i，再加-er，-esteasy(容易的)busy(忙的)easierbusiereasiest busiest其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在前面加more，most來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。important(重要的)easily(容易地)more impor

6、tantmore easilymost importantmost easily2、 不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good(好的)；well(健康的)betterbestbad (壞的)；badly；ill(有病的)worseworstold (老的)older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/many(多的)moremostlittle(少的)lessleastfar (遠(yuǎn)的)farther/furtherfarthest/furthest副詞是用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或全句，在句子中作狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)的一類詞。 分類：時(shí)間副詞（now, today, early, sometime

7、s, already等）；地點(diǎn)副詞（outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home等）；方式副詞（quickly, loudly, suddenly, fast, luckily等）；程度副詞（very, quite, rather, too, much, so等）；疑問(wèn)副詞（when, where, why, how, how long, how often等）；關(guān)系副詞（when, where, why, how等） as+形容詞或副詞原級(jí)+as 1、在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中可用so as. He cannot run so/as fast as you

8、.2、當(dāng)as as 中間有名詞時(shí)采用以下格式。 as +形容詞+ a +單數(shù)名詞； as + many/much +名詞 This is as good an example as the other is. 3、用表示倍數(shù)的詞或其他程度副詞做修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在as的前面。This room is twice as big as that one.4、倍數(shù)+ as + adj. + as<=> 倍數(shù)+ then + of This bridge is three times as long as that one. This bridge is three times the leng

9、th of that one.比較級(jí)形容詞或副詞+than They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine.注意： 1）要避免重復(fù)使用比較級(jí)。 (錯(cuò)) He is more cleverer than his brother. (對(duì)) He is more clever than his brother. (對(duì)) He is clever than his brother. 2）要避免將主語(yǔ)含在比較對(duì)象中。 (錯(cuò)) China is larger that any country in Asia. (對(duì)) China is lar

10、ger than any other countries in Asia.3）要注意對(duì)應(yīng)句型，遵循前后一致的原則。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. 2、It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 可修飾比較級(jí)的詞 1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, many, a lot, still, even等2）還可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語(yǔ)。兼有兩種形式的副詞 （1）close與closely ，close意思是&q

11、uot;近"； closely 意思是 “仔細(xì)地”He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.（2）high與highly，high表示空間高度； highly表示程度，相當(dāng)于muchThe plane was flying high. I think highly of your idea.（3）wide與widely ，wide表示空間寬度；widely意思是 “廣泛地”He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.（4） hard與hardly，hard表示

12、刻苦地，艱辛地；hardly意思是 “幾乎不”He works hard.He can hardly understand what I said.鞏固訓(xùn)練1. -I really cant believe such a learned man has made so silly a mistake. -Dont you know_ sense is worth more than knowledge.A. general B. unusual C. special D. common答案：D解析：形容詞詞義辨析-我真不敢相信這么有學(xué)問(wèn)的人會(huì)犯這么愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。-難道你不知道常識(shí)比知識(shí)更有價(jià)值嗎

13、？common sense常識(shí)2. -Look at Sandy. How pale she looks! -Well, she never eats _ and thats why she is not healthy. A. rapidly B. properly C. completely D. smoothly 答案：B解析：-看看桑迪。她臉色多蒼白啊!-嗯，她從來(lái)不好好吃飯，這就是她不健康的原因。properly adv. 適當(dāng)?shù)兀徽_地；恰當(dāng)?shù)?。eat properly飲食恰當(dāng)3. Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made i

14、n his factory have never been_.A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular答案：B解析：布萊克先生非常高興，因?yàn)樗墓S生產(chǎn)的衣服從來(lái)沒(méi)有像現(xiàn)在這樣受歡迎。否定詞+比較級(jí)，不能更.，沒(méi)有更.，實(shí)質(zhì)上表達(dá)的是肯定的意思。4. I think that “Aoligei” must be one of the _words on the Internet now. A. shortest B. widest C. hottest D. cleverest答案：C解析：我認(rèn)為“奧利給”現(xiàn)在

15、一定是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上最熱門的詞之一了。5. -Stress can be very harmful to your health. Exercise, _, can reduce its bad influences.-I cant agree more.A. otherwise B. insteadC. however D. anyway答案：C解析：-壓力對(duì)你的健康非常有害。然而，鍛煉可以減少它的不良影響。-我完全同意。6. Since you are music, why not go to some live concerts during summer holiday? A. surpri

16、sed at B. afraid of C. ready for D. crazy about答案：D解析：既然你對(duì)音樂(lè)很著迷，為什么不在暑假期間去聽(tīng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂(lè)會(huì)呢？be crazy about.對(duì).著迷7.I think winter is a beautiful season, when it snows.A. specially B. especially C. probably D. properly答案：B解析：我認(rèn)為冬天是一個(gè)美麗的季節(jié)，尤其是下雪的時(shí)候。especially 八年級(jí)下冊(cè)單詞，尤其，特別的意思。8. -What do you think of the movie Th

17、e Fate of the Furious 8? -It is !I enjoy it very much.A. fantastic B. friendly C. awful D. noisy答案：A解析：-你覺(jué)得電影速度與激情8怎么樣?-太棒了！我非常喜歡。fantastic 8BU2重點(diǎn)單詞，極好的，美妙的。9. He was just as _ as Mary was to hear the poor result announced by the host.A. amazed B. amazing C. satisfied D. satisfying答案：A解析：聽(tīng)到主持人宣布的糟糕結(jié)

18、果，他和瑪麗一樣地驚訝。另外還要注意ed結(jié)尾的形容詞修飾人，ing結(jié)尾的修飾物。10. - Which country has the_ population in the world? - China. Its a little_ than that of India. A. most, mostB. biggest, biggerC. more, mostD. bigger, bigger答案：B解析：-世界上哪個(gè)國(guó)家的人口最多?-中國(guó)，它比印度的多一點(diǎn)。注意：關(guān)于人口（population）和數(shù)量（number）的修飾詞，用“大小（big/large,small）”修飾。11. Its

19、very nice _ you _ my parents your best wishes.A. of; to send B. of; sendingC. for; to send D. for; sending答案：A解析：你真是太好了，給我父母送去了你最好的祝愿。本語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)是來(lái)自8BU6Its +adj+of sb+ to do sth. （of前的形容詞用來(lái)修飾人的品性特征，如brave，kind，nice等）Its+adj+for sb+to do sth.（for前的形容詞是強(qiáng)調(diào)做某事是.，如important,necessary等）12.The teacher encourages

20、the children to feel about asking questions when they don't understand. A. nervous B. confident C. excited D. practical答案：B解析：形容詞詞義辨析老師鼓勵(lì)孩子們?cè)诓欢臅r(shí)候有信心提問(wèn)。confident adj. 自信的；確信的；有信心的13. -Do you know the result of yesterdays football game? -Yeah, our team won again and there was_ excitement just bef

21、ore it ended. A. a large number of B. a great deal of C. very D. quite答案：B解析：-你知道昨天足球比賽的結(jié)果嗎-是啊，我們隊(duì)又贏了，比賽結(jié)束前大家都很興奮。excitement n.激動(dòng)，興奮。C，D選項(xiàng)是副詞，先排除；另外excitement不可數(shù)名詞，A是用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，而B(niǎo)來(lái)自9AU4，用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞，故答案選B。14. My teacher thought of her because she got well with her classmates. A. high; along B. highly;

22、alone C. hardly; along D. highly; along答案：D解析：我的老師對(duì)她評(píng)價(jià)很高，因?yàn)樗屯瑢W(xué)們相處得很好。think/speak highly of.高度評(píng)價(jià).get along/on with.與.和睦相處15. - Can I see the boss, Miss Li? Id like to ask for the afternoon leave.- I saw him come in with a long face. Its a _ moment for you to do so, I think.A. stupid B. serious C. sp

23、ecial D. suitable答案：A解析：-我可以見(jiàn)老板嗎，李小姐？我想請(qǐng)個(gè)下午的假。-我看見(jiàn)他進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)拉長(zhǎng)著臉。我認(rèn)為你這樣做是愚蠢的。16. -Dad, I got a job as a bus driver. -Congratulations! Make yourself so that the company won't want to lose you. A. changeable B. valuable C. fashionable D. comfortable答案：B解析：-爸爸，我找到一份巴士司機(jī)的工作。-讓自己有價(jià)值，這樣公司才不會(huì)辭掉你。17. The frui

24、t smells _ but sells _ at the market. Id like to buy some to have a try. A.terrible; well B. terribly; well, C. terrible; good D. terribly; good答案：A解析：這種水果聞起來(lái)很難聞，但在市場(chǎng)上很暢銷。我想買一些嘗嘗。smell聞起來(lái)，系動(dòng)詞+adj；sell賣，動(dòng)詞，用副詞修飾。18. Everyone believes that we can _ have the job finished on time with the volunteers hel

25、p.A.clearly B. certainly C. suddenly D. specially答案：B解析：每個(gè)人都相信在志愿者的幫助下，我們一定能按時(shí)完成工作。certainly 9AU2重點(diǎn)單詞，必定地，無(wú)疑地。19. Sandy used to be , but now she enjoys meeting and talking to new friends. A. honest B. shy C. creative D. lively答案：B解析：桑迪過(guò)去很害羞，但現(xiàn)在她喜歡與新朋友見(jiàn)面和交談。20. -Why do you like living in the countrys

26、ide?-Because there's noise and fewer cars there. A. less B. little C. fewer D. few答案：A解析：-你為什么喜歡住在鄉(xiāng)下?-因?yàn)槟抢镌胍粜?，車輛也少。首先，noise噪音，不可數(shù)，排除C、D，另外and前后內(nèi)容一致，后面的fewer是比較級(jí)，所以前面也要用比較級(jí)。21.Most of us check our smart phones 47 times on an average(平均)day, and _ double between the ages of 18 and 24. A. hardlyB.&

27、#160;nearly C. mostlyD. widely答案：B解析：我們大多數(shù)人平均每天查看智能手機(jī)47次，在18歲到24歲之間幾乎翻了一番。本題考查副詞詞義辨析，nearly 8AU8單詞，幾乎。22. - It is reported that fewer and fewer people are shopping in Lotte Mart. - If the situation is so _, maybe the supermarket will be closed someday.A. heavy B. popular C. strong D. serious答案：D 解析：

28、-據(jù)報(bào)道，在樂(lè)天瑪特購(gòu)物的人越來(lái)越少了。-如果情況如此嚴(yán)重，也許有一天超市會(huì)關(guān)門。形容詞詞義辨析。serious 8BU8單詞，嚴(yán)重的，嚴(yán)肅的，認(rèn)真的。23. -Billy sometimes gets _ sleepy in class.-Thats because he always has_ sleep at night.A. a bit; littleB. a bit of; littleC. a little; muchD. a lot of; a little答案：A解析：-比利有時(shí)上課有點(diǎn)困。-那是因?yàn)樗砩峡偸撬煤苌?。關(guān)于a little, a bit的用法兩者都可以用來(lái)修飾

29、形容詞的原級(jí)和比較級(jí)，此時(shí)二者可以換用。修飾名詞時(shí)，兩者修飾不可數(shù)名詞，但是a bit修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，要用a bit of結(jié)構(gòu)。a little water=a bit of water.24. -My cousin does well in many outdoor activities, but he never _.-What a _ boy! We should learn from him.A. gets off: thoughtful B. takes off; energetic C. shows off; modest D. puts off; curious答案：C解析：-我表弟在很多戶外活動(dòng)中表現(xiàn)很好，但他從不炫耀。-多么謙虛的孩子!我們應(yīng)該向他學(xué)習(xí)。25. The price of television sets is becoming _. So every family has at least one TV. A. fewer and fewer B. less and less C. higher and higher D. lower and lower 答案：D解析：電視機(jī)的價(jià)格正變得越來(lái)越低。所以每個(gè)家庭至少有一臺(tái)電視。牢記：價(jià)格（price）比高低，數(shù)量