四級(jí)翻譯真題、答案及解析

1、四級(jí)翻譯真題、答案及解析四級(jí)大綱樣題87. The substance does not dissolve in water （ 不管是否加熱 ） 。88. Not only （ 他向我收費(fèi)過高 ）， but he didn t do a good repair job either.89. Your losses in trade this year are nothing （ 與我的相比 ）。90. On average, it is said, visitors spend only （ 一半的錢 ） in a dayin Leeds as in London.91. By contra

2、st, American mothers were more likely （ 把孩子的成功歸因于 ） natural talent.參考答案：大綱樣題87. whether (it is) heated or not88. Not only did he charge me too much 或 Not only did he overcharge me89. compared with mine 或 in comparison with mine90. half as much(money)91. to attribute/ascribe their children s success

3、to87. 本題考查對(duì) whether or not引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的掌握，當(dāng)從句中的主語(yǔ)等同于主句中的主語(yǔ)，且從句中的結(jié)構(gòu)是主語(yǔ)+be”時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)均可以省略)88. 本題考查對(duì)部分倒裝的掌握。當(dāng)句首出現(xiàn)not only 或 only 時(shí)，句子應(yīng)采用部分倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)，即只需把助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)之前。由后半句中的didn 可知，此處的助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用過去式， “收費(fèi)過高 ”也可用 overcharge)89. 本題考查 compared with或in comparison with作狀語(yǔ)的用法， 與相比可以用compared with 或 in comparison with 表示 )90

4、. 本題考查對(duì)倍數(shù)表達(dá)法的掌握。當(dāng)用asas表達(dá)倍數(shù)時(shí)，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“ A謂語(yǔ)+倍數(shù)+as+計(jì)量形容詞原形 +as+B”, 一“半 ”用 half 表示 )91. 本題考查對(duì)be likely to及-attribute 用法的掌握。be likely to為固定用法，意為 可能其后接原形動(dòng)詞。 )06.687 Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble ( 找到去歷史博物館的路 ).88 (為了掙錢供我上學(xué) ), Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.89 The

5、 professor required that (我們交研究報(bào)告 )。90 The more you explain, ( 我愈糊涂 ).91 Though a skilled worker, ( 他被公司解雇了 ) last week because of theeconomic crisis.06.687. finding the way to the history museum88. In order to support my university studies (或：to finance my education;to pay for my education/to pay m

6、y tuition fees)89. we(should) hand in our/the research report(s)90. the more confused I am91. he was fired by the company次漢譯英命題并沒有在詞匯方面設(shè)置很高的難度，僅涉及到history, museum, education,research, report, confused, company 等基本詞匯。對(duì)考生而言，選擇正確的詞形和句型則是更 大的挑戰(zhàn)。如87題，題干中已經(jīng)給出 have no trouble,說明考察的是 have (no)trouble (in) d

7、oing sth.這一詞 組，因此可以斷定，關(guān)鍵采分點(diǎn)之一必然是看考生在答案中是否使用了動(dòng)名詞形式；88題，需要翻譯的是目的狀語(yǔ)，因此最好的方式必然是以“in order to或“”o開頭。這一題中給出的參考答案使用了finance的動(dòng)詞用法，但如果考生能夠使用raise money, support等相對(duì)基礎(chǔ)的詞匯，相信仍然能夠得分。89題，require that是建議句型的一個(gè)變體，這個(gè)句型補(bǔ)全之后的形式應(yīng)為require that sb.(should) do sth.；90題，是考生應(yīng)該十分熟悉的the more,the more句型；同時(shí)，對(duì) 糊涂的正確譯法 “ beconfuse

8、d 相”信也應(yīng)是關(guān)鍵采分點(diǎn)之一。91 題則是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句之后的主句，關(guān)鍵采分點(diǎn)之一是看考生是否掌握though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句不應(yīng)有 but 存在。06.1287. Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to_（ 適應(yīng)不同文化中的生活 ）88. Since my childhood I have found that （ 沒有什么比讀書對(duì)我更有吸引力 ）89. The victim （ 本來有機(jī)會(huì)活下來 ） if he had been taken to hospital in time.90.Som

9、e psychologists claim that people （ 出門在外時(shí)可能會(huì)感到孤獨(dú) ）91.The nation s population continues to rise以（每年 1200 萬(wàn)人的速度 ）06.1287. adapt oneself to life/living in different cultures88. nothing is more attractive to me than reading 或 to me, nothing is more important than reading89. would have had a chance to su

10、rvive 或 would have survived90. might feel lonely when they are far from home/ are not in their hometown/ traveling.91. at a speed/rate of 12 million per year 或 at an annual speed of 12 million87. Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to （適應(yīng)不同文化中的生活）答案： adapt oneself to life/li

11、ving in different cultures ?？荚~組 adapt oneself to 這是往年詞匯部分的?？贾攸c(diǎn)詞組，也是我們教學(xué)中一直強(qiáng)調(diào)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。其中最大的陷阱在于，其一， adapt 需要增加一個(gè)反身代詞作泛指主語(yǔ) oneself, 其二， to 后面應(yīng)該跟一個(gè)名詞，或者動(dòng)名詞 doing ，而不可以直接跟動(dòng)詞原型作不定式。如果考生在 to 后面直接加動(dòng)詞原型 live 則會(huì)馬失前蹄。88. Since my childhood I have found that （ 沒有什么比讀書對(duì)我更有吸引力 ）答案： nothing is more attractive to me t

12、han reading 或 to me, nothing is more important than reading本題考察固定搭配 noting is more important than這是作文老師歷來推崇的精彩搭 配，此外，由于英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言差異， 漢語(yǔ)中的一些動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)常常在英語(yǔ)中以不及物動(dòng)詞 表示，比如唱歌 singing, 跳舞 dancing, 開車 driving 讀書 reading 等等。因此， “讀書”正確 的譯文不應(yīng)是reading books,而應(yīng)是reading。至于該賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)問題，則涉及到很多 同學(xué)寫作文時(shí)就時(shí)常困惑的一個(gè)問題。我們的建議是，當(dāng)寫作目的是

13、敘述時(shí)，使用過去時(shí)， 如果表達(dá)的內(nèi)容是議論或者常識(shí)性、 真理性內(nèi)容，則即使主句是過去時(shí)，從句也應(yīng)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)。89. The victim （本來有機(jī)會(huì)活下來 ） if he had been taken to hospital in time答案： would have a chance to survive 或 would have a chance of survival本題考點(diǎn)之一是與過去相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的基本規(guī)則用法?？键c(diǎn)之二是核心詞匯 survive（幸存）和基本詞匯chanee（機(jī)會(huì)）。90.Some psychologists claim that people （出門在外時(shí)可能會(huì)感

14、到孤獨(dú)）答案： might feel lonely when they are far from home/ are not in their hometown/ tra veling.本題的語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)仍是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，考察了與六月份相同的考點(diǎn)一一建議句型。本題的詞匯 考點(diǎn)是Ionely（孤獨(dú)）和alone（獨(dú)自）的辨析，而 出門在外”，同學(xué)們完全可以用自己的語(yǔ)言表 達(dá)出來。91.The nation spopulation continues to rise （以每年 1200萬(wàn)人的速度 ）答案： at a speed/rate of 12 million per year 或 at an ann

15、ual speed of 12 million本題基本沒有語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)，詞匯考點(diǎn)之一是詞組 at a speed of（以的速度）87. The finding of this study failed to （ 將人們的睡眠質(zhì)量考慮在內(nèi) ）.88. The prevention and treatment of AIDS is （ 我們可以合作的領(lǐng)域 ） .89. Because of the leg injury, the athlete（ 決定退出比賽 ）.90. To make donations or for more information, please （ 按以下地址和我們聯(lián)系 ）

16、.91. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning （ 如果你方便的話 ）.07.687. take people s sleep quality/quality of sleep into account/consideration88. a field in which we can work together / a field in which we can cooperate89. decided to quit the match90. contact us at the following address91. at your conven

17、ience/if it is convenient for you87. 本題考查對(duì) take into account/consideratior的掌握。take into account/consideratio意為 把考慮在內(nèi)” 人們的睡眠質(zhì)量用people Ssleep quality來表達(dá)。也可以用the qualityof people s s來表示88. 本題考查對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句的掌握。領(lǐng)域是the field，我們可以合作的作the field的定語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞可以用 where/which ， where 可以省略， which 后須加 in89. 本句話是在陳述一件已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情

18、，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，因此用decided， “退出比賽 ”用 quit the match 來表示90. 該句的后半部分是由please祈使句，please后面應(yīng)該跟原形動(dòng)詞。與某人聯(lián)系一般用con tact表達(dá)，介詞 at與其一起構(gòu)成介賓短語(yǔ)，修飾con tact）91. 本題主要考查 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句， “你方便的話 ”用 it is convenient for you/at your convenience 表示07.1287 （多虧了一系列的新發(fā)明 ）, doctors can treat this disease successfully.88 In my sixties,

19、 one change I notice is that （ 我比以前更容易累了 ）.89 I am going to pursue this course, （ 無論我要作出什么樣的犧牲 ）.90 I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because （ 它更方便和省時(shí) ）91 Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life （ 用他們能夠借到多少來衡量的 ）, not how much they can earn.07.1287. T

20、hanks to/ because of a series of new inventions88. I have been more likely to get tired than before/ I get tired more easily than before89. no matter at what expense （cost）/ no matter what I have to sacrifice （pay）/ would have to sacrifice （pay）90. the former/ shopping online is more convenient and

21、efficient （time-saving） （can save more time）91. is measured in terms of how much they can borrow （ loan）次考的翻譯部分， 難度比上幾次略有加大， 表現(xiàn)在要翻譯的部分在中文表達(dá)上本身就長(zhǎng)一些， 而且所要翻譯成的英語(yǔ)中運(yùn)用的句型也要難一些，具體點(diǎn)評(píng)如下：87. Owing to （ 或 thanks to） a series of new inventions （ 多虧了一系列的新發(fā)明） ， doctors can treat this disease successfully.此句翻譯的關(guān)鍵是

22、 “多虧了 ”這個(gè)短語(yǔ)，翻譯成 thanks to 或 owing to 要比 because of 或 due to 好得多。88.In my sixties, one change I notice is that I am apt to 或 inclined to be more easily tired than before（ 我比以前更容易累了 ）。此句中翻譯比較結(jié)構(gòu)不是難點(diǎn)，大家應(yīng)該都能翻，但是如果把這句簡(jiǎn)單翻譯成 I feel more easily tired 得分應(yīng)該不會(huì)太高。89. I am going to pursue this course, no matter w

23、hatever sacrifices I will make （ 無論我要作出什 么樣的犧牲） .此句的難點(diǎn)在于 “無論 ”的翻譯， no matter whatever 是重點(diǎn)。90. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because the latter is more convenient and time-saving （ 它更加方便和省時(shí)） .注意開始的 它”如果簡(jiǎn)單翻譯成“it會(huì)有指代不清的嫌疑，而改用the former （前者）會(huì)更好一些。另外要注意 convenient 一詞的拼寫

24、！91. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life is weighed upon how much they can borrow （是用他們能夠借到多少來衡量的） , not how much they can earn. 此句翻譯時(shí)一定要注意和后面 how much they can earn 的呼應(yīng)。87. Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research .（ 能應(yīng)用于新技術(shù)的開發(fā) ）88. I can tboot my computer now.

25、Something （ 一定出了毛病 ） with itsoperation system.89. Leaving one sjob, ,（ 不管是什么工作 ）, is a difficult changeeven for those who look forward to retiring.90. ,（ 與我成長(zhǎng)的地方相比 ）， this town is more prosperous andexciting.91. （ 直到他完成使命 ）did he realize that he was seriously ill.08.687. can be applied to the develo

26、pment of the new technology.88. must be wrong89. whatever job it is/ no matter what job it is90. Compared with the place where I grew up91. Not until he had finished the mission87 Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research can be applied to the development of the new technology. （能應(yīng)用于新

27、技術(shù)的開發(fā)）主要考察 apply to 用法，考生應(yīng)注意不要寫成 apply for ，這個(gè)是表示申請(qǐng)。88. I can t boot my computer now. Something must be out of contro一定出了毛病 ）with its operation system.本題考察的是must表對(duì)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí)，must后面通常接系動(dòng)詞 be 的原形或動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行式。 其實(shí)本道題換種形式我們平常也經(jīng)常說， There is something out of control. 只不過這道題加上 must 表示推測(cè)，并用 something 作為主語(yǔ)

28、。89. Leaving one s job, whatever job it is/ no matter what job（不管是什么工作），is adifficult change even for those who look forward to retiring.this town is當(dāng)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)， whatever 與 no matter what 可以互換。當(dāng)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從 句時(shí)，只能用 wh-+ever, 如 Whoever leaves the room ought to turn off the lights. 這時(shí)不能用 no matter+wh-。90.

29、 Being compared with the place where I grew up, （與我成長(zhǎng)的地方相比）， more prosperous and exciting.這道題首先考察分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，注意主語(yǔ)this town 與動(dòng)詞的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系，主動(dòng)用現(xiàn)在分詞， 被動(dòng)用過去分詞；第二點(diǎn)需要注意的是 “我成長(zhǎng)的地方 ”考察的是定語(yǔ)從句，并且 grew 用過去時(shí)。91. Not until he had finished the mission （直到他完成使命） did he realize that he was seriously ill.not until 這個(gè)句型已經(jīng)是第

30、二次考到了， 這是屬于否定前置引起倒裝， 請(qǐng)見 06年12月新 六級(jí) 76 題： Not until the deadline did he send out（ 直到截止日他才寄出 ）his application form.兩道題有類似之處，考生需要注意的是 not until 引起的倒裝是主句倒裝，從句不倒裝， 所以從句用正常語(yǔ)序，并要注意用過去完成時(shí)，以體現(xiàn)與主句的先后順序。至于 mission 這 個(gè)單詞，如果考生有看過湯姆克魯斯主演的著名影片 “碟中諜 ”，不難知道這個(gè)影片片名是 mission impossible ，所以看電影也是不錯(cuò)的提高英語(yǔ)的手段。08.1287. Medic

31、al researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems（ 他們至今還沒有答案 ）88. （ 大多數(shù)父母所關(guān)心的 ）is providing the best education possible for their children.89. You d better take a sweater with you 以（ 防天氣變冷 ）。90. Through the project, many people have received training and（ 決定自己創(chuàng)業(yè) ）。91. The anti-virus ag

32、ent was not known （ 直到一名醫(yī)生偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了它 ） 。08.1287. which/that they haven t found answers to88. what most parents are concerned about89. in case of temperature drop90. decided to start their own business91. until a doctor found it by chance2008 年 12 月 20 日四級(jí)翻譯評(píng)析 整體而言，本次的翻譯難度中等，主要側(cè)重對(duì)各類從句的考察 （87 考定語(yǔ)從句， 88 主語(yǔ)從句， 89和 91 考狀語(yǔ)從句 ），以及時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)的正確使用。這些都是我們?cè)谡n堂上反復(fù)跟 大家強(qiáng)調(diào)過的， 只要大家考前認(rèn)真復(fù)習(xí)過講義上所涉及的重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法， 相信這些句子不會(huì)是大 家的“攔路虎 ”。87. Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems（他們至今還沒