九年級(jí)英語被動(dòng)語態(tài)

1、 英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)：英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)： 主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài) (the Active Voice) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài) (the Passive Voice)A. 主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者。B. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者承受者。We planted the tree.The tree was planted by us.We speak English.主語主語謂語謂語賓語賓語English is spoken by us.主語主語謂語謂語賓語賓語主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)They cleaned the classroom

2、 yesterday. 昨天他們打掃了教室。昨天他們打掃了教室。The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday.昨天教室被他們打掃了。昨天教室被他們打掃了。1.1.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞：1)1)一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加加-ed-edwatch-watched2)2)以不發(fā)音以不發(fā)音e e結(jié)尾的加結(jié)尾的加-d-dpractice-practiced3)3)以輔音加以輔音加y y結(jié)尾的，去結(jié)尾的，去y y變變i i加加-ed-edstudy-studied4)4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫該以重讀閉音節(jié)

3、結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加輔音字母，再加-ed-edstop-stopped2.2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞：amisarewaswerebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone動(dòng)詞過去分詞的變化動(dòng)詞過去分詞的變化:be + done( (二二) )被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu): :有各種時(shí)態(tài)的變化有各種時(shí)態(tài)的變化時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/aredone一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)was/weredone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+being+done一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)will/sh

4、all/be going tobedone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)has/havebeendone含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/must/should/may.bedone .被被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成構(gòu)成1. Now English _ by more and more people all over the world. A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：am / is / are + done2. The lost boy _ at the street corner last night. A. was foun

5、d B. is found C. was looked for一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：was / were + done3. More man-made satellites _ in the future. A. will send up B. will be sent up C. are sent up一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：will + be + donebe going to + be + done4. Three bridges _ since last year. A. have built B. were built C. have bee

6、n built現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：have/ has+ been + done5. Flowers _ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be + done6. Im sorry,sirYour recorder isnt ready yetIt _ in the factory is being repaired is repaired has been repairedA. hasnt been r

7、epaired現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：am/is /are + being + done Practice:1. We will build a new lab.A new lab _ _ _.2. They are stopping the traffic now.The traffic _ _ _ now.willbebuiltisbeing stopped3.A car knocked him down yesterday. 4.They are cutting up a fallen tree He was knocked down by a car yesterd

8、ay A fallen tree is being cut up by them5. We should protect the earth6. You need to paint the wall The earth should be protected The wall needs to be painted7. If your homework _(do) well, you may go to play.8. The ship model _ be _ (make) in two days.is donewillmade (三三)何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)？何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)？ 1、行為、行為主

9、體不明確主體不明確，不必說出或者無，不必說出或者無法說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如：法說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： Football is played all over the world 2、不易找到或根本就不可能找到不易找到或根本就不可能找到動(dòng)作動(dòng)作的的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如：時(shí)。例如： My bike was stolen 我的自行車被盜了。我的自行車被盜了。 3、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：例如： He was born in October，19894、漢語中含有、漢語中含有“被被”、“由由”等等詞時(shí)。例如：詞時(shí)。例如： Tina是被是被Paul叫來的。叫來的

10、。 Tina is asked to come by Paul5、漢語中含有、漢語中含有“據(jù)說據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉據(jù)悉”、“據(jù)報(bào)道據(jù)報(bào)道”等時(shí)。例如：等時(shí)。例如： “據(jù)說據(jù)說” It is said that “據(jù)報(bào)道據(jù)報(bào)道” It is reported that “眾所周知眾所周知” It is well- known that “人們認(rèn)為人們認(rèn)為” It is supposed that 含有含有雙賓語雙賓語的動(dòng)詞在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，有以下兩的動(dòng)詞在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，有以下兩種情形：種情形： (1)(1)雙賓動(dòng)詞雙賓動(dòng)詞( ( give, leave, lend, offer, pass, sho

11、w, teach, tell,send,bring,take,sell等等) )在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，既可把間接賓語既可把間接賓語( (指人指人) )變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語, ,而把而把直接賓語直接賓語( (指事物指事物) )保留下來保留下來( (稱為保留賓語稱為保留賓語),),也可也可把直接賓語把直接賓語( (指事物指事物) )變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語, ,而把間而把間接賓語改為介詞接賓語改為介詞to 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) He gave her some money. 他給她一些錢。他給她一些錢。 She was given some money. Some m

12、oney was given to her. (2)(2)雙賓雙賓動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞( (如如make, get , buy , sing 等等) )在變?yōu)樵谧優(yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，既可把間接賓語被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，既可把間接賓語(指人指人)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語的主語,而把直接賓語而把直接賓語(指事物指事物)保留下來保留下來(稱為保留稱為保留賓語賓語),也可把直接賓語也可把直接賓語(指事物指事物)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語語,而把間接賓語改為介詞而把間接賓語改為介詞for 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) Father made me a doll. A doll was made for me. I was made a

13、doll by father.常見的帶雙賓語的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)式的句型如下： 1. 某人被給與某物某人被給與某物 Sb. be given sth. 2.某物被給與某人某物被給與某人 Sth be given to sb. 3. 某物被帶來給某人某物被帶來給某人 Sth. be brought to sb. 4.某物被帶去給某人某物被帶去給某人 Sth. be taken to sb. 5. 某物被借給了某人某物被借給了某人 Sth. be lent to sb. 6. 某物被買給某人某物被買給某人 Sth. be bought for sb. 7. 某物被為某人制作某物被為某人制作 Sth. b

14、e made for sb.在主動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)中make,see,watch等動(dòng)詞后接省略to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)to要還原,構(gòu)成to do。常見幾個(gè)句型如下： 被迫使做某事被迫使做某事 be made to do sth被看見做了某事被看見做了某事be seen to do sth常被聽見做某事常被聽見做某事be heard to do sth被注意到做了某事被注意到做了某事be noticed to do sth1. In the old days, they_ in the factory from morning to evening. A. wer

15、e made to work B. asked to work C. made to work D. were asked for work2. I noticed him leave the room. (改為被動(dòng)） He _ noticed _ _ the room.3. How is Lin Taos weekend? - Not so good. He _ his homework every weekend. A. makes to do B. is made to do C. is made do D. makes do4. Mary was heard _ just now. W

16、hat happened? - John was telling a joke. A. cry B. to cry C. laugh D. to laugh常見的主語是人，但謂語用被動(dòng)的句型 1. 某人被邀請(qǐng)做某事Sb. be invited to do sth 2. 某人被允許做某事 Sb be allowed to do sth 3. 某人被要求去做某事 Sb be asked to do sth 4. 某人被告知要做某事Sb be told to do sth 5. 某人被送到某地 Sb be sent to + 地名 6.某人被邀請(qǐng)到某地Sb be invited to + 地名 7.

17、 某人被帶去到某地Sb be taken to + 地A traffic accident _(happen) just now.happened2. 連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞（Link.v.) 如：如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, becomePeking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.sounds3. 當(dāng)此動(dòng)詞表示當(dāng)此動(dòng)詞表示事物的自然屬性事物的自然屬性的時(shí)候的時(shí)候:The pen _ (write) very fast.writesThis kind of sweater _ (sell) wel

18、l. sells1. 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞（vi.) 如如:happen, take place, appear, disappear, 不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：4.作作“需要需要”講的講的needneed的被動(dòng)形式：的被動(dòng)形式： need to be doneYour jacket needs to be washed. 5.表示表示“開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)”的動(dòng)詞用的動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。 begin, open, start, stop, end, finish, shut, run,.)The shop opens at 6 am. every

19、 day 表示主語的自然屬性特征表示主語的自然屬性特征well/ badly/easily/smoothly),常見動(dòng)詞：常見動(dòng)詞：read, write, sell, wash, clean, wear, lock, open, cook, shut, dry, eat, drink, closeThe books _ well A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed1.Th

20、e heated ice cream scoop was invented by Chelsea Lanmon.(對(duì)劃線部分提問） _ _ the heated ice cream scoop _ _ ?2. The battery-operated slippers are used for seeing the dark.(對(duì)劃線部分提問） _ _ the battery-operated slippers _ _ ?3. The car was invented in 1885. (對(duì)劃線部分提問） _ _ the car _ ?4. The telephone was invented before the car. (改為一般疑問句） _ the telephone _ _ the ca