動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)

1、高中英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)講解動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)漢語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)大多是通過(guò)副詞來(lái)表達(dá)的，而英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)是 靠動(dòng)詞的變化和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)的。英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)共有十六種，但是常考的或較常用的只有9種，而且重點(diǎn)測(cè)試完成時(shí)態(tài)。要掌握英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)， 必須掌握好英語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞（do, be, have和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)這兩個(gè)核心問(wèn)題。1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用來(lái)表示人、事物的現(xiàn)在狀況和特點(diǎn)；表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，句子中常有 often, always, from time to time等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)； 表示客 觀規(guī)律和永恒真理等。He usually goes to work at 7 o clock every morning.S

2、he has a brother who lives in New York.The earth goes around the sun.Guan gzhou is situated in the south of China.考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過(guò)去的語(yǔ)境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。女口：I lear ned that the earth goes around the sun whe n I was in primary school. 考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)；常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：時(shí) 間: when, until, after, before, as soon a

3、s, once, the moment/the minute, the day;條件：if, uni ess, provided.If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.考點(diǎn)三：在 make sure （certai n）, see to it, mi nd, care, matter+ 賓語(yǔ)從句， 從 句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。So long as he works hard, I don t mind when he finishes the experiment. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么時(shí)候做完試驗(yàn)?？键c(diǎn)四：在th

4、e more, the more ,（越,越,）句型中，若主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。The harder you study, the better results you will get.2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表說(shuō)話時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)：或表感情色彩，加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。與頻率副詞，如always，constantly，continually，again等連用表示說(shuō)話人的 某種感情色彩（贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等）。We are hav ing En glish class.The house is being built these days.The little boy is alwa

5、ys mak ing trouble.Look out考點(diǎn)一：在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作whe n you are cross ing the street.Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.考點(diǎn)二：表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(這時(shí)多有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))。Marry is leav ing on Friday.3、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，完成在過(guò)去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況仍有聯(lián)系，其結(jié)果或 影響仍存在。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有一些標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：考點(diǎn)一：for +時(shí)間段；

6、si nee +時(shí)間點(diǎn)They have lived in Beiji ng for five years.They have lived in Beiji ng since 1995.I have lear ned En glish for ten years.考點(diǎn)二：常見的不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：lately; reeently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days,Has it stopped raining yet ?考點(diǎn)三：在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)/年/月以來(lái),，”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。in the

7、 past few years/months/weeks/days； over the past few years; during the last three mon ths; for the last few een turies, through een turies; throughout history 等考點(diǎn)四：表示“第幾次做某事，”或在“It is the best (worst, most interesting )+名詞+ that”后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。This is my first time that I have visited China.This is the mo

8、st in teresti ng film I have ever see n.That is the only book that he has writte n.4. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表在過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生且完成的動(dòng)作，或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn) 在的影響，只說(shuō)明過(guò)去。常跟明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間連用，女口： yesterday; last week;in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when,注意： 考點(diǎn)一：used to + do,表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常但現(xiàn)在已不再維持的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。to為不定式，后接動(dòng)詞原

9、形。be/become/get used to + doi ng, 表示習(xí)慣于He used to smoke a lot.He has got used to gett ing up early.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise5. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。The boy was doing his homework whe n his father came back from work.He was tak ing a walk leisur

10、ely by the lake whe n he heard some one shouted for help.What were you doing at nine last ni ght?The radio was being repaired whe n you called me.6. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這種時(shí)態(tài)從來(lái)不孤立使 用（before, after, by, up till ）There had bee n 25 parks in our city up till 2000.B

11、y the end of last term we had fini shed the book.They fini shed earlier tha n we had expected.考點(diǎn)一： 用于 hardly/scarcely.whe n; no soon er .tha n 句型中，主句用過(guò)去完 成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.I had no sooner got into the room tha n it bega n to snow.No sooner had I arrived

12、 home tha n the teleph one rang.（注意主謂倒裝） 考點(diǎn)二：表示“第幾次做某事”，主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。That was the sec ond time that she had see n her gran dfather.It was 3 years since we had parted考點(diǎn)三： 動(dòng)詞 hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan用過(guò)去完 成時(shí)，表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算和意圖。I had hoped that I could do the job.I had inten

13、 ded to see you but I was too busy.7. 般將來(lái)時(shí)表在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。常和 tomorrow, n ext year, in 2008 等表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，其表現(xiàn)形式多達(dá)5種。Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.考點(diǎn)一：一般將來(lái)時(shí)總是用在一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中：We will begi n our class as soon as the teacher comes.（主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句中一定要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來(lái)時(shí)。） 考點(diǎn)二：某些表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞

14、如 arrive, come, go, leave, start等,用現(xiàn) 在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示將來(lái)。I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.考點(diǎn)三：“祈使句+ and/or +句子”這種結(jié)構(gòu)中and后面的句子謂語(yǔ)用一般 將來(lái)時(shí)。Use your head and you will find a way.考點(diǎn)四：“ am (is, are) goi ng to + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示打算要做的事或可能要發(fā)生 的事?！癮m (is, are) about to +動(dòng)詞原形”表示按照預(yù)定計(jì)劃或打算準(zhǔn)備著手進(jìn)行的 動(dòng)作?！癮m (is, are) to +動(dòng)詞原形”表示必須、必然或

15、計(jì)劃將要做的事。They are to be married in this May.8將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或按計(jì)劃一定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。I' ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow.明天這會(huì)我正在寫作業(yè)。The Preside nt will be meeti ng the foreig n delegati on at the airport.9、將來(lái)完成時(shí)表在將來(lái)某時(shí)刻之前業(yè)已完成的事情，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)非常明顯?？键c(diǎn)一：常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般用 by+將來(lái)的時(shí)間。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o

16、' clock this evening, by March next year以及由 by the time, , before 或 when等引導(dǎo)的副詞從句。By the end of n ext mon th, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.By n ext Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，將來(lái)完成時(shí)則由現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示。T

17、he childre n will do their homework the mome nt they have arrived back from school.10. 動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)一般用于強(qiáng)調(diào)受者，做題時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不再有名詞或賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)一般 不單獨(dú)考，而是和時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起考，只是需要注意以下考點(diǎn)。 考點(diǎn)一：不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞和詞組come true, con sist of, take place, happe n, become, rise, occur, bel ong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exi

18、st, fail, succeedIt took place before liberatio n.考點(diǎn)二：下列動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義，而且常與well, quite, easily, badly等副詞連用。lock （鎖）;wash （洗）;sell （賣）;read （讀）;wear （穿）;blame 責(zé)備）；ride （乘 坐）；write （寫）；Glass breaks easily玻 璃容易破碎。The car rides smoothly.這車走起來(lái)很穩(wěn)。The case locks easily這箱子很好鎖。The book sells well.這本書很暢銷?？键c(diǎn)三：一

19、些常用經(jīng)典被動(dòng)句型：It is said , It is reported, , It is widely believed,，It is expected, , It isestimated,這些句子一般翻譯為“據(jù)說(shuō)，”，“人們認(rèn)為，”，而“以前人們認(rèn)為”則應(yīng)該說(shuō)：It was believed, , It was thought時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)100練1. “ I don' t like to travel. ” “ Have you everin an airplane?A. flyi ngB. flew C. flowed D. flow n2. The cen ter of gra

20、vity of the huma n bodybeh ind his joint.A located B. locati ng C. to locate D. is located3. “Today is very cold, isn t it?” “Yes, the river isover.A. freezed B. freeze C. froze n D. freez ing4. “What happened in that new area?” “ New housesrecently overthere. ”A. are built B. build C. have built D.

21、 have bee n built5. “When did you go to work?” “ As soon as they came, weto wor”A. went B. were going C. had gone D go6. “ Did you wait for him very long?” “Yes, Ito bed until five in the »morni ng.A. did go B. didn t go C had gone D. went7. Perhaps it will be a long timefrom abroad.A whe n Tom

22、 comes back B. whe n Tom will come backC.before Tom comes back D. that Tom comes back8. Tommathematics throughout his college life.A bored B. bored with C. was bored D. was bored with9. that dress whe n I first saw you at the stati on?A Were you weari ng B. Have you worn C. Did you wear D. do you we

23、ar10. Mr Wuto work by bus every day.A. has bee n traveli ng B. has traveled C. travels D is traveli ng11. D on' t disturb him. Heto the weather forecast.A. liste ns B. is being liste ned C. has liste ned D. is liste ning12. My En glish teachermy test.A. has not yet graded B. has not yet bee n gr

24、adedC. is not yet to be graded D. is not yet graded13. Weon it for many hours, but we have not yet reached anycon clusi on.A. are being worked B. are worki ng C. have bee n worki ng D. have bee n worked14.Sha nghaion the Hua ngpu River.A. sta nd B. sta nds C is being sta nd D. has stood15. “Tell the

25、 students to stop shouting. Weour essays now.A. write B. have bee n writi ng C. are writi ng D. have writte n16. “your best? It's not satisfactory. ' m afraid you will have to do it aga in.A. Do you try B. Have you tried C. Are you tryi ng D. Have you bee n trying17. Chi nese married coupler

26、ed packets to childre n and theunm arried duri ng the Chin ese new Year.A give B. have bee n giving C. are giving D. have give n18. My un cle, Sam,man ager of the firm.A. has just made B. is just being made C. has just bee n made D. is just made19. This is the first time the stude ntsto Hyde Park.A.

27、 have gone B. have bee n gone C. have bee n going D. are being gone 20.Sheher mother s work since she was admitted into hospital.A. is doing B. has bee n doing C. has done D. has bee n done21.1 the in cide nt as if it were yesterday.A. am still to remember B. have still bee n rememberi ngC. am being

28、 still remembered D. still remember22.1 swimmi ng in the river and I alwaysto swim whe n I can.C. like/goD. have liked/have bee n going23. We have sometimes accide nts on this line, but no accide ntssince last win ter.A. occur B. have occurred C. have bee n occurri ng D. are occurri ng24. Heon this

29、essay for twenty minu tes but heonly a hun dredwords.A. has bee n work in g/has writte nB. is work in g/writesB. has worked/has bee n writi ngD. works/is writ ing25. Electi onsevery four years and Con gress meets once a year.A. are take n place B. are to be take n place C. took place D. take place26

30、. careless, or you will make mistakes.A.Be n ot B. Not be C. Do't D. Don' t be27. The No.8 busto Chen gdu college of Geology, and not to Sichua nUn iversity.A. are gone B. is being gone C. goes D. are going28.0il, exported from Iran to Europe,by tan kers.A. used to be tran sported/have bee n

31、 built upB. used to being tran sported/have built upC. was used to be tran sported/had bee n built upD. was used to being tran sported/will be built up29.lf it,the match will be postp on ed.A. has bee n rained B. does rain C. rains D. is rained30.As soon as Ithe tools, I shall begi n with the work.A

32、. have B. am hav ing C. have bee n hav ing D. have bee n had31.Once youthe knack of it, you will have no further difficulty.A. shall have B. had had C. are hav ing D. have32. Every time heme, he is rude to me.A. will see B. sees C. is see ing D. is see n33. Joh n told Mary that hewhat he was doing d

33、uri ng the vacati on.A. was just asked B. was just ask ing C. had just bee n asked D. had just asked34. Now that you, what are you going to do?A. are bing retur ned B. have bee n retur ningC. have bee n retur nedD. have retur ned35.1 started my teach ing career at the school. That was more tha n twe

34、ntyyears ago, and Ithere ever sin ce.A. was B. had bee n C. will be D. have bee n36. Everythi ng on the earthall the time.A. is cha nging B. is cha nged C. has cha nged D. has bee n cha nged37. Wefine weather for the past few days.A. have B. are hav ing C. have bee n had D. have bee n hav ing38.Itev

35、ery day so far this mon th.A. is rai ning B. rains C. has rained D. has bee n rained39. no one can prove that the earthnot round.A. is being B. is to be C. is D. has bee n40. “ There she!We n eedn t wait any Ion ger”A. comes B. has bee n come C. has bee n coming D. is to come41. The little girlby th

36、e drug-pusher to carry drugs into the coun try.A. was made use B. was made usedC. was made use of D. was made used of42.1 shall tell you what heat three o clock yesterday after noon.A. had done B. would do C. was doing D. had bee n done43. By the end of last year they1,000 machi nes.A. tur ned out B

37、. had tur ned out C. would tur n out D . had bee n tur ned out44. He was sixty-eight. In two years heseve nty.A. would be B. was C. had bee n D. was being45. How long agoplay ing football?A. had you stopped B. would you stop C. did you stop D. were you stopp ing46. Up till the n wehalf the dista nee

38、.A. had only covered B. covered C. would only cover D. would be only covered47. While Itelevisio n, the door bell.A. watched/would ring B. would watch/had rungB. was watch ing/rang D. had bee n watched/was ringing48. Theywith us for the time being.A. would stay B. will stay C. have bee n stayi ng D.

39、 will be stayi ng49.1 n ever dreamed Ihere discuss ing state affairs with the other deputies.A. will be sitti ng B. would be sitti ngC. will have bee n sitti ngD. would have bee n sitti ng50. Joh n told us that by the end of the year theytogether for thirtyyears.A. would have bee n liv ingB. would h

40、ave livedC. would have bee n livedD. will have bee n livi ng51. The new type of machi nethe year after n ext.A. is going to tur n outB. is going to being tur ned outC. is going to have turned out D. is going to be tur ned out52. Large sums of moneyeach year in painting the steelwork ofbridges, ships

41、, and other exposed structures.A. have spe nt B. have to be spe nt C. have to spe nd D. spe nd53. The policein what the in former reported.A. in terested B. had in terested C. were in teresti ng D. were in terested54. A can didate for the postat the mome nt.A. is in terviewi ngB. being in terviewi n

42、gC. i nterviewi ngD. is being in terviewed55. By the end of last year the railway.A. was being completed B. would be completedB. had bee n completedD. had completed56.I to visit their country before long.A. have bee n in vited B. am being in vitedC. had bee n in vitedD. shall be in vited57. Theorywi

43、th practice.A. must be comb iningB. must comb ineC. must have bee n comb inedD. must be comb ined58. He said such a thingto happe n.A. ought to be not allowedB. ought not to be allow ingB. ought not to have allowedD. ought not to be allowed59.She told me that her proposal.A. n eeded to take into con

44、 siderati onB. n eeded to be take n in to con siderati onC. n eeded to be tak ing into con siderati onD. n eeded to have take n into con siderati on60. The school authorities and the teachersover the adva ntages ofthe demerit system.A. were always arguedB. were always argu ingC. had always had argue

45、d D. had always bee n argued61. He fulfilled the plan earlier than he.A. had expectedB. expect ingC. should expect D. would expect62. whe n the bell rang.A. Hardly would he reach school B. Hardly had he reached schoolC.Hardly he reached schoolD. Hardly he was reachi ng school63. We were determ ined

46、not to do it uni ess Julieit, too.A. had done B. was doing C. was done D. did64. They were sure theyfinal victory.A. were won B. would be won C. would win D. had bee n won65. Whe nto give us an an swer?A. will you be able B. will you have bee n ableC. will you able D. will you have abled66. Weon the

47、 project by the end of n ext week.A. shall have finished to work B. shall finish to workC. shall have finished working D. shall finish working67. Hefor six years by the time he takes his exam in ati on.A. shall have finished to work B. shall finish to workB. shall have finished working D. shall fini

48、sh working68.1 promise you that Iyou a prese nt n ext week.A. will give B. will have give n C. shall give D. shall have give n69.1 hope that sheto the dema nds of the n aughty boys.A.will not have agreed B. will not be agreedC. will not agreeD. will not have bee n agreed7O.ln the long run your money

49、in bon ds.A. was more safely in vested B. is more safely inv estedC. will be more safely inv ested D. are more safely inv ested71. Mr.Wils on asked me if these isla ndsto Japa n.A. bel ong B. are bel onging C. are bel on ged D. have bee n bel on ged72. Before the end of the nin eties, air polluti on

50、a serious problemthat endan gers the health of the huma n race.A. will be become B. will become C. will have become D. will have bee nbecome73. The trainat eight toni ght.A. will be started B. will have started C. shall be started D. starts74. Wean En glish eve ning toni ght.A. are being hav ing B.

51、are hav ing C. will be had D. shall be had75. Theyfor Beiji ng for practice.A. are leaving B. are being left C. will have left D. will be left76. me or aren' t you?A. Will you help B. Shall you helpC. Are you going to help D. Will you have helped77. A new power stati onthere.A. will be going to

52、build B. is going to be builtC. will be gone to build D. is gone to be built78. a meet ing this after noon.A. There going to be B. There will be going to beC. There is going to be D. There will going to be79. Wea new experime nt this after noon.A. shall be to perform B. will be to performC. are to b

53、e performed D. are to perform80. The gover nmentto approve the use of widespread surveilla neewhe n the Justice Departme nt took object ions.A. is going B. had bee n C. was about D. is coming81. You ought toa test in physics the day before, I think.A. have take n B. take C. be take n D. be tak ing82

54、. Kepler proved that the sunthe cen ter of the solar system.A. is B. was C. had bee n D. would be83. This is one of the best no vels thatthis year.A. appears B. is appeari ng C. has appeared D. have appeared84. My friendhere last week, but he couldn t.A. was to have come B. must have come C. came D. had to come85. He did not arrive until the meeting was nearly over, for the simplereas on is that heasleep while watch ing televisi on.A. had falle n B. has falle n C. fell D. was falli ng86. We had hardly sat dow n whe n sh