BEC高級精講班第14講Businessethics

1、.BEC高級精講班第14講講義 HomeworkreviewI. Homework reviewl Read this text from a business magazine.A successful businesswomanLaura Ashleys multi-million pound success came about almost by accident when she was a young married woman, pregnant with her first child. She designed some scarves at home because she

2、 was bored. 0 H Ashleys designs now decorate houses all round the world.H. Those simple home-made items represented the beginning of a business empire which is now well known to millions.She was born in Wales in 1925 but moved to London in 1949 when she got married, and at first she was content to t

3、ake on the traditional housewifes role. “The idea of having four babies, cooking, sewing and looking after the home suited me perfectly.” 9 What began as a hobby quickly became a successful business as she began to receive orders from a number of large London shops. It didnt stop there: in the 1950s

4、, when most of society was looking forward to the space age, Laura Ashley made a fortune by looking back to past centuries, searching out old designs to decorate a variety of clothes and household furnishings. 10 Soon they were being shipped abroad in large quantities and she began to sell them from

5、 her own shop.C. All that changed when she became interested in printing fabrics.G. These traditional products created a huge wave of demand from the USA and elsewhere.In 1961 she moved her business to her native region of Wales, where the operation grew to dominate the town of Carno. 11 A second on

6、e was establishing some years later in The Netherlands.F. When its railway station closed, Ashley converted it into a factory.Throughout her life and despite the multinational success of her business, Ashley remained a traditional housewife at heart. 12 She saw the workplace as a kind of home, and h

7、er employees enjoyed unusually good working conditions; for example, there were no night shifts and the working week ended at midday on Friday. Even as the company grew, employees still had a say in how it was run. As she said, “our success is due to people. It is our employees who come first.” 13 T

8、hey, of course, have profited from that as have many others with a stake in the company. The business is now large and successful, with a sophisticated management team. To this day, though, the products remain traditional and all the shops are still decorated like 19th century houses.A. Her company

9、reflected the traditional values she admired.D.When the company was floated on the stock market, many of them opted to become shareholders.By 1995, the year she died, the business had grown so much that she had decide to remain involved only in the area of design. 14 She had never set out to become

10、a businesswoman, but last year the company she started as a hobby reported a turnover of 332 million, with a pre-tax profit of 3.8 million. Thats not bad for a business that started a t a kitchen table!B. The creative side of things was what she had always enjoyed most.C G F A D BVocabularyStudyII.

11、Vocabulary StudyEnglish vocabulary which originates from Frenchelite noun countablea group of people who have a lot of power and influence because they have money, knowledge, or special skillspolitical/social/economic etc elite the domination of power by a small political elitea struggle for power w

12、ithin the ruling eliteelite adjectivean elite group contains the best, most skilled or most experienced people or members of a larger groupan elite group of artists elite universitiesdebut verb1 intransitive to appear in public or become available for the first timeThe show will debut next Monday at

13、 8.00pm.2 transitiveto introduce a product to the public for the first timesynonym launchRalph Lauren debuted his autumn collection in Paris last week.resume nouncountablersum 1 a short account of something such as an article or speech which gives the main points but no detailssynonym summarya brief

14、 rsum of the days events2 American English a short written account of your education and your previous jobs that you send to an employer when you are looking for a new jobBritish Equivalent: CVclientele noun singularall the people who regularly use a shop, restaurant etcThe restaurant attracts a you

15、ng clientele.bon voyage interjectionused to wish someone a good journeycaf noun countable1 a small restaurant where you can buy drinks and simple meals2 a public place that is connected to a computer network, where people with similar interests discuss things by sending and receiving messagesan Inte

16、rnet cafWhatarebusinessethics?III. What are business ethics?1. Speaking.ethic noun1 countable a general idea or belief that influences peoples behaviour and attitudes 倫理標準，道德標準（或體系）The old ethic of hard work has given way to a new ethic of instant gratification. 過去辛勤勞動的道德標準讓位給了新的道德體系，即迅速的滿足。2 ethics

17、 plural moral rules or principles of behaviour for deciding what is right and wrong 道德觀，道德準則，（某種職業(yè)、群體等的）規(guī)矩a report on the ethics of gene therapy 有關(guān)基因治療道德準則的報告professional/business/medical ethics (=the moral rules relating to a particular profession) 職業(yè)/商業(yè)/醫(yī)療道德準則public concern about medical ethics 公眾

18、對于醫(yī)療道德的擔憂Televised news is based on a code of ethics. 電視播放的新聞是基于一定的道德規(guī)范。work ethic noun singular a belief in the moral value and importance of work職業(yè)道德They instilled the work ethic into their children. 他們在孩子們的心中注入了職業(yè)道德的理念。conduct: BEHAVEconduct yourself: formal to behave in a particular way, especia

19、lly in a situation where people judge youHe was a player who always conducted himself impeccably(完美無瑕地), both on and off the egrity noun uncountable1 the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be right正直，廉正；誠實，誠懇personal/professional/political etc integrity a man of gr

20、eat moral integrity2 formal the state of being united as one complete thing完整，完全the territorial integrity of the country2. Reading.give weight to weight n. IMPORTANCEuncountable if something has weight, it is important and influences peopleShe knew that her opinion carried very little weight. -give/

21、add weight to something 重視This scandal adds more weight to their arguments.Philanthropy n. the practice of giving money and help to people who are poor or in trouble 慈善，仁慈，慈善事業(yè)，慈善性捐款whistle-blower noun countablesomeone who tells people in authority or the public about dishonest or illegal practices

22、at the place where they work （針對工作崗位上的違法或不誠實行為）揭發(fā)、檢舉人whistle-blowing noun uncountable3. (1) F -It was initially sent to 1,000 CEOs but the sample was then extended to include a further 225 executives in the public sector.(2) F - Corporate philanthropy was given the least weight when describing ethic

23、al organizations.(3) T -38% of organizations protect whistle-blowers.(4) F - Security of information was the issue with which respondents were least satisfied.4. Language.Report layoutUse of bullet points and visuals, not dense textFormal vocabularyselected, in terms of, in response to, expressed, f

24、urther, the following points summarize our key findings, legal compliance, employment practices, corporate philanthropy, participating organizations, ethical or illegal violations, to indicate, level of management attention, of greatest concern, issue, respondentsEllipsis1,000 Canadian companies, wh

25、ich were selectedIn response to an increasing level of interest which was expressed, an increase on the 22% which was reported , to indicate the level of management attention each issue received, of these issues, the two issues which were most frequently identified ParticplesSelected on the basis of

26、 size, an increasing level of interest expressed, when executives responding to our survey, written statements, participating organizations, an increase on the 22% reported, the two most frequently identifiedEthicalissuesIV. Ethical issues1. F2. C3. A4. H5. D6. P7. I8. N9. K10. MSpeaker one: sexual

27、harassment-the employee resignedpolitical correctness noun uncountablelanguage, behaviour, and attitudes that are carefully chosen so that they do not offend or insult anyone - used especially when you think someone is too careful in what they say or how they behave 謹言慎行Political correctness has had

28、 an impact on the language people use to describe women. 謹言慎行對于人們在描述婦女時使用的語言產(chǎn)生了影響。politically correctcompliment noun1 countable a remark that shows you admire someone or something 恭維話，褒獎Being compared to Abba is a great compliment. 讓我與相比簡直是巨大的贊揚。Rob Andrew had a quiet game, which is meant as a compl

29、iment. All Flixs guests paid her extravagant compliments. 所有的客人都對她大加贊賞。To Joe the greatest compliment was to be considered amusing. 對于 來說，最大的褒獎就是被人們認為他風趣。2. complimentsplural praise or good wishes 表揚This soup is delicious; my compliments to the chef.3. with the compliments of somebody/with our compl

30、imentsformal used by a person or company when they send or give something to you 免費贈送地With the compliments of J. Nocuold & Son. Please accept these tickets with our plimentary adjective1 given free to people(免費)贈送的There was a complimentary bottle of champagne in the hotel room. 在飯店房間里

31、有一瓶免費的香檳酒。Ive got some complimentary tickets for the theatre tonight. 我得到了今晚劇院的免費票。2 saying that you admire someone or something 贊揚的，夸獎的complimentary remarks 奉承話haul verb transitiveto pull something heavy with a continuous steady movement to硬拖，強拉h(huán)aul something off/onto/out of etc somethingShe hauled

32、 her backpack onto her back.the steam locomotive which hauled the train I hauled the door shut behind me.outrage verb transitive usually passiveto make someone feel very angry and shocked 讓人憤怒，震驚Customers were outraged by the price increases. 顧客對于價格的上漲感到震驚。Speaker two: racial discrimination -a manag

33、er was dismissedblow the whistle on somebody informal to tell someone in authority about something wrong that someone is doing 揭發(fā)，檢舉He blew the whistle on his colleagues. 他揭發(fā)他的同事。be given/get your marching orders British English informalto be ordered to leave, especially because someone no longer wa

34、nts you to work for them or no longer wants a relationship with you 炒魷魚prejudice uncountable and countablean unreasonable dislike and distrust of people who are different from you in some way, especially because of their race, sex, religion etc - used to show disapproval 偏見Women still face prejudice

35、 in the workplace. prejudice againsta cultural prejudice against fat people 對于肥胖人事的文化偏見Asian pupils complained of racial prejudice at the school. 亞洲小學生抱怨在學校期間的種族歧視。Speaker Three: industrial espionage- the company produced guidelines penetration noun1 uncountable and countable when something or someo

36、ne enters or passes through something, especially when this is difficult 進入Cover the entire device to prevent water penetration.penetration ofThe attack failed to lead to any deep penetration of enemy territory.2 uncountable and countable the degree to which a product is available or sold in an area

37、滲透（即產(chǎn)品在市場上的銷售情況）penetration ofthe rise in import penetration of the domestic market國內(nèi)市場中進口產(chǎn)品滲透的增長penetrate verbGO THROUGHintransitive and transitive to enter something and pass or spread through it, especially when this is difficult 滲透，進入Sunlight barely penetrated the dirty windows.penetrate intoExp

38、lorers penetrated deep into unknown regions.BUSINESStransitive to start to sell things to an area or country, or to have an influence there 開始在某一地區(qū)或國家銷售產(chǎn)品，對該地區(qū)產(chǎn)生影響Few U.S. companies have successfully penetrated the Japanese electronics market. 很少有美國公司可以成功地進入日本電子市場。whizzkid noun British English whiz

39、kid American English countable informala young person who is very skilled or successful at something杰出青年，天才兒童，神童financial whizzkids in the CitySpeaker four: corporate gift-giving -an ethics officer was appointed freebie noun countable informalsomething that you are given free, usually by a company 免

40、費物品on a freebieThe company paid for the minister to fly out to Australia on a freebie.freebie holiday/hotel/flight etc A waiter was handing round freebie glasses of wine.pending formal while waiting for something, or until something happens 有待Sales of the drug have been stopped, pending further rese

41、arch. 這款藥物的銷售被叫停，等待進一步的研究結(jié)果。rep informal a sales representative 銷售代表someone who speaks officially for a company, organization, or group of people-synonym representativeYou need to speak to the students rep. Safety reps have the right to stop the job when workers are in danger.Speaker five: environme

42、ntal protect-a written warning was given.hefty adjectiveusually before noun 大而壯的1 big and heavy 高大的，笨重的a tall, hefty man hefty camera equipment2 a hefty amount of something, especially money, is very large 高昂的a hefty fine 高昂的罰款1. Language.Conditional 3The uses of the conditional which appear in the

43、tapescripts are as follows.Reportingl To report a future conditional:She went straight to the board and warned them that shed take legal action if nothing was done about it.Conditional 3l To refer to the hypothetical consequences of an action which did not take place: If youd looked around the workp

44、lace, I guess you would have seen the evidence.Conditional 3 tends to be thought of as:if + past perfectWould have + past participleHowever, it may be more useful for you to think of it as :if + past perfect simple or continuousany past modal + have + past participle2. Speaking. One-minute talk: how

45、 to encourage ethical behavior from employeesDoes the student show a clear understanding of the task?YesSHORTIs there an appropriate introduction and conclusion?PartlyAre the students ideas well-organised and logically ordered?YesTALKIs appropriate signposting and linking language used?YesDoes the s

46、tudent develop ideas rather than repeat them?YesAre the ideas clearly expressed and easy to understand?YesDoes the student speak in a clear and natural manner?YesIs the talk of an appropriate length?Yesset out phrasal verb1 to start a journey, especially a long journey 出發(fā)set out forKate set out for

47、the house on the other side of the bay.set out on a journey/drive/voyage etc The band are setting out on a European tour in March.2 to start doing something or making plans to do something in order to achieve a particular result 開始做某事，著手制定計劃set out to do somethingsalesmen who deliberately set out to

48、 defraud customers 那些專門要欺詐消費者的銷售人員set out with the idea/purpose/intention etc of doing something They set out with the aim of becoming the number one team in the league. 他們著手制定目標，要成為聯(lián)賽中的第一名。anonymous adj. done, sent, or given by someone who does not want their name to be known匿名的an anonymous donatio

49、n of $5,000 anonymous phone call/letter etc (=one that is often unpleasant or contains threats)breach verb transitive1 to break a law, rule, or agreement 破壞，違反，不履行同義詞 breakThe company accused him of breaching his contract. 這家公司指控他違反了合同的約定。Traders who breach the rules could face a fine of up to 10,00

50、0. 違反規(guī)定的貿(mào)易商們可能要面對高達1萬英鎊的罰款。breach noun1 uncountable and countable an action that breaks a law, rule, or agreement 違反，破壞breach ofThis was a clear breach of the 1994 Trade Agreement. 這種做法明顯地違反了1994年貿(mào)易和約中的有關(guān)規(guī)定。They sued the company for breach of contract. 他們起訴該公司違反了合同中的約定。a breach of professional duty

51、不履行工作職責be in breach of somethingHe was clearly in breach of the law. 很清楚，他違法了。2 countable a serious disagreement between people, groups, or countries 不同意見breach withBritain did not want to risk a breach with the US over sanctions. 英國不想就制裁問題與美國持不同意見。breach betweenWhat had caused the sudden breach bet

52、ween Henry and his son? 是什么讓亨利和他的兒子之間突然意見不和？She wanted to help heal the breach between them. 她想幫助愈合他們之間的不同意見。in placea) in the correct position 在正確的位置上The chairs for the concert were nearly all in place. 音樂會的椅子幾乎都擺好了。The glass was held in place by a few pieces of sellotape. 玻璃杯用幾個透明膠帶固定在了那個地方。b) exi

53、sting and ready to be used 存在，可供使用Funding arrangements are already in place. 提供資金的安排已經(jīng)到位。benchmark its ethical practice against those of industry leaders benchmark noun countablesomething that is used as a standard by which other things can be judged or measured 標桿，尺度benchmark data The valuation bec

54、omes a benchmark against which to judge other prices.benchmark forfigures that are a useful benchmark for measuring the companys performance 這些數(shù)據(jù)對于衡量一個企業(yè)業(yè)績表現(xiàn)是非常有用的尺度。benchmark ofresults that are used as a benchmark of success 作為衡量成功與否的結(jié)果benchmark verb transitiveto use a companys good performance as

55、a standard by which to judge the performance of other companies of the same type 與作衡量benchmark somebody/something against somethingBritish Steel is benchmarked against the best operations anywhere in the world. 英國的鋼鐵業(yè)可以與世界其它各地最好的企業(yè)來對比。benchmarking noun uncountable 標桿管理One-minute talk: The importance

56、 of ethics in todays business worldDoes the student show a clear understanding of the task?YesSHORTIs there an appropriate introduction and conclusion?NoAre the students ideas well-organised and logically ordered?Partly TALKIs appropriate signposting and linking language used?PartlyDoes the student develop ideas rather than repeat them?YesAre the ideas clearly e