高二英語(yǔ)選修SharingLearningaboutLanguagePPT課件

1、 The Attributive Clause 1 第1頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)1 英語(yǔ)中哪些詞或短語(yǔ)能做定語(yǔ)？2 定語(yǔ)的位置？I like hardworking students. The second man was out. The book on the desk is a novel. The weather forecast says it will rain. They must finish their homework.第2頁(yè)/共40頁(yè) The boy punished yesterday / The punished boy is a tall one. The man upstai

2、rs is leaving for Shantou tomorrow. The man sleeping there / The sleeping man is from the south. The houses that have been sold out must be the better ones. The man to write the letter is Tom.第3頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)I like hardworking students.The book on the desk is a novel. The houses that have been sold out must

3、 be the better ones. 定語(yǔ)的位置：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)的詞作定語(yǔ)通常放在被修飾詞的 面，副詞、短語(yǔ)、從句位于被修飾詞的 面。 什么詞可作定語(yǔ)： adj., n, 數(shù)詞，代詞，介短，ing，ed，to do，副詞，定語(yǔ)從句 前后第4頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)一般定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：“先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句”。（限制性定語(yǔ)從句）翻譯：的 注意：在中文翻譯上，關(guān)系代詞詞或關(guān)系副詞沒(méi)有字面的含義，不用翻譯。The boy who broke the window is called Tom.定語(yǔ)從句先行詞的第5頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)定義：在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。The man who lives next

4、to us is a lawyer. 被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有:who，whom，whose，which，that等和關(guān)系副詞:where，when，why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任句子成分第6頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)He is a singer.He was the singer whose money was spent in sponsoring(資助) poor children to go to school. 第7頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)A. Xu Benyu is a 24-year-old boy. B. His family is very poor.Xu B

5、enyu is a 24-year-old boy whose family is very poor.第8頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)A.When he was still a student, he began to sponsor those students.B. Those students were poorer than him. When he was still a student, he began to sponsor those students who were poorer than him.第9頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)A. Xu Benyu is the very person.B. We

6、should learn from him.Xu Benyu is the very person whom we should learn from.第10頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.先行詞放置于名詞之_，修飾名詞的從句關(guān)系詞1. 連接作用2. 在從句中充當(dāng)成分后第11頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)關(guān)系詞1. 關(guān)系代詞2. 關(guān)系副詞1.指人2.指物3.指某一情況that who whom whosethat which whosewhichas不能放于句首放于句中或句首“正如”when where why(主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)/定語(yǔ))(狀語(yǔ))=

7、介詞+which第12頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞 that which who whom whose that即指人又指物, 作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。which指物, 作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。who, whom指人, who作主語(yǔ), whom作賓語(yǔ)。that, which, whom在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可省去。第13頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)1. that在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ), 指人和物指人和物1) A plane is a machine that can fly. 2) The noodles that I cooked were delicious. 3) Lets ask the man

8、that is reading the book over there. 4) The girl that we saw yesterday is Jims sister. (主語(yǔ))(賓語(yǔ))(主語(yǔ))(賓語(yǔ))第14頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)2. which 在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ), 指物指物1) They planted the trees which didnt need much water. 2) The fish which we bought were not fresh. 3. who、whom 在從句中分別作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ) (口語(yǔ)中who也可作賓語(yǔ))1)The foreigner

9、who visited our school yesterday is from Canada. (主語(yǔ))(賓語(yǔ))(主語(yǔ))第15頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)2) The boy who broke the window is called Michael. 3) The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. 4) Mr. Read is the professor to whom you should write. (主語(yǔ))(賓語(yǔ))(賓語(yǔ))第16頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)4. whose在從句中作定語(yǔ)在從句中作定語(yǔ),指人或物指人或物1) Miss Flower is the t

10、eacher whose house caught fire last week.2) This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of.3) This is the book whose cover is blue.第17頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)2. 當(dāng)先行詞是one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等, 指人時(shí)一般用who, 不用that. Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the scho

11、ol. 在以疑問(wèn)詞who開(kāi)頭的句子中, 或關(guān)系代詞在 從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí), 用that, 不用who。 Who is the man that is shouting there? She is not the girl that she used to be. 第18頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)3. 先行詞是人, 從句中缺動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ) 時(shí), 用whom或that(介詞后不用that)。 The teacher wants to return the book to the girl from whom he borrowed it. He is the student (whom, who, that)

12、you want to see. 關(guān)系代詞that, which, whom 在從句中作 賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略掉。但放在介詞后面時(shí)則 不可省略, 如上面第一句from后面的whom 就不能省略。第19頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)4.下列情況只用that不用which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 1)先行詞是all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing, none, no one, some等 不定代詞。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 2)先行詞被all, every, no, some, little, few, mu

13、ch, one of, 等所修飾時(shí)。 All that he could do was waiting. 第20頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)3) 先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。 This is the first film that Ive ever seen. The last place that they visited was Beijing.4) 先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)。 We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.第21頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)5) 先行詞被the only, the very, th

14、e same, the last 修飾時(shí)。6) 在疑問(wèn)詞who、which、what開(kāi)頭的句子中, 要用that。 Whoever that is content with a little progress cant make big achievements.7) 關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)只用that。 He is no longer the man that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place that it used to be.第22頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)Are you clear now?OK. Lets do some exe

15、rcises!第23頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.1.The earthquake _ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2.We dont know the number of people _ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake.that / who which / that 第24頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)3.The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in

16、 the earthquake. 4. A house _ is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake. 5. Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake.6. Harry is the boy _ mother is our maths teacher.(which / that)who /whom /thatwhosethat / which 第25頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)1. The famous basketball star, _ tried to make

17、 a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who Key D 解析: 本題考察定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選擇， 從句意可知先行詞the famous basketball star (著名的籃球明星)是人, 所以應(yīng)用表示人的 關(guān)聯(lián)詞who。真題解析第26頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)2. (2006 北京) Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _d

18、ont. A who; / B /; who C who; who D / ; / Key: C 解析: 本題考查兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句, 這兩個(gè)定語(yǔ) 從句都缺少主語(yǔ), 在定語(yǔ)從句中, 如果是關(guān)系 代詞做定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ), 關(guān)系代詞不能省略， 故答案選C。第27頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)3. (2006 福建) Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. that Key A 解析: whose在定語(yǔ)從句中做roof的定語(yǔ)， 用于修飾house. 第28頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)4

19、. (2005 福建)- Is that the small town you often refer to? -Right, just the one _ you know I used to work for years. A. that B. which C. where D. what Key C 解析: 從句中 you know是插入語(yǔ), 所以用 where引導(dǎo)表示地點(diǎn)的定語(yǔ)從句。第29頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)1. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ ap

20、peared a rare rainbow soon.(2008福建） A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which高考鏈接 - 2008D 第30頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)2. The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. (08陜西卷)A. the hands of whomB. whom the hands ofC. which the hands of D. the hands of whichD 第31頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)3. The growing speed o

21、f a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _ are beyond our control. (2008湖南卷) A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of thatB 第32頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)4. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, _ there wont be much work. (2008上海春招) A. where B. that C. by which D. without whichD 第33頁(yè)/共

22、40頁(yè)5. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from whichC 第34頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)6. We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. (2008年上海卷) A. which B. whose C. in which D. with whi

23、chC 第35頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)1. It is reported that two schools, _ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. 2007四川卷四川卷 A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which2. We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people, most of _ are healthy 2007北京卷北京卷 A. that B. which C. what D. whom高考鏈接 - 2007D D 第36頁(yè)/共40頁(yè)3. He was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University. 2007江蘇卷 A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that