高中語法冠詞講解

1、The usage of articlesWhat do you know about articles?Articles: 1.indefinite articles: a/an + 單數(shù)名詞 2.definite article: the +單數(shù)名詞、復(fù)數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞3.zero article： 0+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞一、zero article下列場合的名詞前一般不加冠詞。下列場合的名詞前一般不加冠詞。 1.復(fù)數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞(抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞)前，表示類別或泛指類別或泛指。如： They are girls，not boys. People cant g

2、o without water or air. 2. “人名、地名、國名人名、地名、國名”等專有名詞前通常不用冠詞： Mary, Lei Feng; Beijing, London; China, South Africa 但如后有定語修飾表特指，需加定冠詞： The Xiangshan of today is different from what it was. 3. “街名、廣場名、公園名、大學(xué)名街名、廣場名、公園名、大學(xué)名”等專有名詞前通常不用冠詞： Wang Fu Jing Street 王府井大街; Naking Road 南京路 Pei Hai Park 北海公園; Zhejia

3、ng University 浙江大學(xué) 但也可說： the University of Zhejiang 4.星期，月份，季節(jié)，職務(wù)，球類運動，三餐星期，月份，季節(jié)，職務(wù)，球類運動，三餐名詞前。如： Summer is hot and winter is cold here. What do you have for lunch?但如后有定語修飾表特指，需加定冠詞 in the spring of 1945 5.零冠詞也可與表示家庭成員的單數(shù)名詞搭配表示家庭成員的單數(shù)名詞搭配作確定特指。 Mary asked “Why is Father out of work?6. make/ elect s

4、b. + 獨一無二的最高職務(wù)獨一無二的最高職務(wù)前通常不加冠詞： We elected him chairman.7.系動詞turn（變成）后（變成）后的單數(shù)名詞作表語用零冠詞.She announced that she was going to turn professional.8. 序數(shù)詞作副詞時，前不用冠詞： He came first in the race./ Study must come first. 二、definite article： the 1.用在世界上（宇宙間）獨一無二獨一無二的物體前。如： The sun is bigger than the moon.2.用于在

5、表示方向，方位方向，方位的名詞前。如： China lies in the east of Asia. 3.用于江河湖海及山脈江河湖海及山脈名詞前。如： We live near the Yellow River. The Changjiang River is the biggest one in China. The Himalayas is in Tibet.4.用于普通名普通名詞詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。如： the Great Wall. 5.用于形容詞前，使形容詞名詞化形容詞名詞化，表示一類人或事。如： the poor, the rich, the wounded, th

6、e sick, the deaf The wounded were brought to the hospital.6.用于演奏樂器的名稱樂器的名稱和文藝活動文藝活動，運動場所運動場所的名稱前。如： The little girl likes to play the violin. They are going to the cinema tonight. 7.用于姓名復(fù)數(shù)之前姓名復(fù)數(shù)之前，表示一家人一家人。如： The Greens are very kind to us. 8.用在人體部位人體部位名詞前。 He seized me by the arm.(hit/strike/beat(h

7、it/strike/beat/catch/catch) + sb. +in /on) + sb. +in /on/by/by + the + + the +部部位位三、indefinite articles: a/an 1.表示世界上獨一無二的事物的名詞前有描繪性定語時有描繪性定語時 用不定冠詞。如： A new moon is hanging high in the sky. 2.一日三餐一日三餐的名詞前若有形容詞修飾有形容詞修飾，可用不定冠詞。如： I had a big lunch yesterday.3.序數(shù)詞前一般要加定冠詞 the 表示“第幾” 。但如果強調(diào)“又，再又，再” 的概念

8、，序數(shù)詞前用不定冠詞。如： A third person stood up to give a talk.4.人名前人名前用不定冠詞表示“某個叫做某個叫做”或或“像像一類一類的人物的人物” 。如： A Tom is waiting outside. He thinks she is a Napoleon. 5.在不可數(shù)名詞前加a/an 表“一陣”，“一場”，“一種”等。 Physics is a science. A knock of the door was heard. a strong wind a slight rain 6. 某些抽象名詞前加 a/an 表“一件具體的事或人”。 Wh

9、at a pleasant surprise it is! He is a failure.7.上下文中出現(xiàn)同一名詞，但各有所指 ，名詞前都用a/an。 -Have you seen a cat? -Is it a black one?四、冠詞的特殊位置 a，an 放在how, so, as, too 四個副詞所修飾的形容詞之后。如： How fine a day it is! He is so good a teacher that all the students love him. This is as good a book as that one. It is too difficu

10、lt a task for you to finish. Exercises1.Tom enjoys playing_football while I enjoy playing _piano very much. A. the; the B. a; a C.; the D. the; 2.There is a hole in_ front wall and _old picture is above it. A. the; an B. a; an C. the; a D. ; an 3.Cotton is grown in_ of China A. north B. the north C.

11、 the north D. a north 4.Remember Ill be waiting for you at _ gate of _ cinema at seven in_ evening. A. a; a; the B. the; the; the C. a; the; an D. the; a; an5. After _ quick breakfast I hurried to _school A.; B. a; C. the；the D. the; 6. It is known to all that_light travels faster than_ sound. A.; B. a; a C. the; the D. the; 7. The children all had a good time on_ Childrens Day A. the B. their C. a D. / 8.-John,there is_Mr.Wilson on the phone for you . -Im in_bath. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; a D. the; / 9. Its _ worl