第五講被動(dòng)語態(tài)的翻譯

1、第五講 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的翻譯1. The Passive Voice in English-Chinese Translation 英漢翻譯中的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1、Converting the Passive Voice into the Active Voice1) The Original Subject Unchanged The whole country was armed in a few days.幾天之內(nèi)全國武裝起來了。Every moment of every day, energy is being transformed from one form into another.每時(shí)每刻，

2、能量都在由一種形式變?yōu)榱硪环N形式。22) Changing Original Object into Subject By the end of the war 800 people had been saved by the organization.大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束時(shí)，這個(gè)組織拯救了800人。Communications satellites are used for international live transmission throughout the world.全世界都將通信衛(wèi)星用于國際間的實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播。33) Changing the Passive into the Predicati

3、ve Verb “是”The picture was painted by Professor Smith.這幅畫是史密斯教授畫的。The house was built of wood in 1985. 這座房子是1985 年用木頭修建的。44) Adding a Proper Subject to Make the Chinese Version Smooth To explore the moons surface, rockets were launched again and again.為了探測月球的表面，人們一次又一次地發(fā)射火箭。It is well known that smo

4、king is harmful to the health.眾所周知，吸煙對(duì)人體有害。52、Converting the Passive Structure into a Subjectless SentenceThe unpleasant noise must be immediately put to an end.必須立即終止這種討厭的噪音。Attention has been paid to the new measures to prevent corrosion.已經(jīng)注意到采取防腐新措施。63、Keeping the Passive Structure Unchanged1) Re

5、ndering into Chinese by Using “被or給”If the scheme is approved, work on the project will start immediately.如果方案被批準(zhǔn)，這項(xiàng)工程將立即動(dòng)工。At the end of the month he was fired for incompetence.月底，他因不勝任工作而被解雇了。72) Rendering into Chinese by Using “遭”or“受”O(jiān)ur foreign policy is supported by the people all over the wor

6、ld.我們的對(duì)外政策受到全世界人民的支持。83) Rendering into Chinese by Using “為所”All the buildings were destroyed in a big fire. 所有的建筑物均為一場大火所焚毀。94、The Passive Voice Replaced by Other StructuresThe village is populated by about 13,000 farmers. 這個(gè)村子里住著大約13000農(nóng)民。She was delivered of a boy. 她生了一個(gè)男孩。She and her husband hav

7、e been asked out for the banquet.她和丈夫應(yīng)邀赴宴去了。101、Chinese Sentences with Passive Labels被、受、道、給、讓、挨、叫、為所、加以、予以”他被選為校學(xué)生會(huì)主席。He was elected Chairman of the Students Union of this university.她深受大家的尊敬。 She is greatly respected by everyone.老太太被風(fēng)吹病了。 The old lady fell ill because of the draught.天太冷，水管都給凍住了。It

8、 was so cold that the water pipes froze. The Passive Structure in Chinese-English Translation 漢英翻譯中的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)112、Chinese Sentences without Passive Labels這座橋?qū)⒃诮衲昴甑捉ǔ伞he construction of the bridge will be completed by the end of this year.這個(gè)問題正在研究。The problem is now being studied.來賓請(qǐng)出示人場券。Visitors are req

9、uested to show their tickets.123、Converting Chinese Active Structures into English Passive Structures中美己經(jīng)建立了外交關(guān)系。Diplomatic relations have been established between China and the United States of America.口試時(shí)，問了10個(gè)問題，她全都答對(duì)了。She was asked ten questions in the oral examination and answered every one of

10、them correctly.他出現(xiàn)在舞臺(tái)上，觀眾給予熱烈的掌聲。He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.134、Translation of Some Idiomatic Chinese Expressions“It be + adj.(p. p.) + that clause“眾所周知，火藥是中國古代的四大發(fā)明之一。It is well-known that gunpowder is one of the four great inventions of the ancient Chinese pe

11、ople.據(jù)謠傳，那場事故是由于玩忽職守而造成的。It is rumored that the accident was due to negligence.應(yīng)該說，情況基本上是健康的。It should be said that the situation is basically sound.必須指出，有些問題還需要澄清。It must be pointed out that some questions have yet to be clarified.14PracticeCultural China can be defined as 文化中國的概念是The Olympic Spiri

12、t is characterized by 奧林匹克精神的特征是The relationship between the two countries was characterized by mutual understanding. 兩國關(guān)系的特點(diǎn)是相互諒解。15PracticeLarge quantities of fuel are used by modern industry.現(xiàn)代工業(yè)耗用大量燃料。Your car was towed away by a towing truck.拖車把你的汽車?yán)吡?。The book must be returned immediately.必須立即

13、還書。This instrument must be handled with great care.必須仔細(xì)操作儀器。16PracticeThe next day, a government was organized.次日政府成立。During the World Cup, the streets were filled with football fans.世界杯比賽期間，街上擠滿了球迷。The little play was sprinkled with humor and local dialect.這個(gè)短劇使用了本地方言，幽默風(fēng)趣。17PracticeIf you are aske

14、d personal questions you need not answer them.如果有人向你提出私事的問題，你盡可不回答。She hadnt been told Bettys last name, or shed forgotten it.人家沒告訴她貝蒂姓什么，要不然也許是她忘了。It is well-known that matter is composed of atoms.眾所周知，物質(zhì)是由原子組成的。18PracticeRainbows are formed when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky.彩虹是由陽光透過天空中的小水滴時(shí)形成的。The credit system in America was first used by Harvard University in 1872.美國的學(xué)分制是1872年在哈佛大學(xué)首先實(shí)施的。China has repeatedly been invade