2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語(新教材)人教版選擇性必修一課件：Unit-1-Learning-about-Language

1、Unit 1People of AchievementLearning About Language 非限制性定語從句【情境探究】 觀察上面對話, 并完成句子: (1)Tom broke the window, _made his mother angry. 湯姆打碎了窗戶, 讓他媽媽很生氣。(2)The father was repairing the desk _was broken by his son. 這位父親正在修理被他兒子弄壞的桌子。whichwhich/ that(3)They finally gave up the plan _they worked out last nig

2、ht. 他們最終放棄了昨天晚上想出的計劃。which/ that【要義詳析】一、非限制性定語從句與限制性定語從句的區(qū)別名稱限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句作用起限定作用, 限制或約束先行詞, 不可去掉, 否則主句意義不完整對整個句子的意義并不重要, 即使去掉, 原句仍有意義結(jié)構(gòu)不用逗號與主句隔開用逗號與主句隔開功能先行詞不可缺少的定語對先行詞起補充說明作用名稱限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句引導(dǎo)詞a. 作賓語時可省略, 介詞之后的關(guān)系詞不能省b. 可用thata. 作賓語時不可省略b. 不可用that*This is the fact that I have collected till now.

3、 這就是我迄今收集到的事實。(限制性定語從句, 先行詞是the fact)*The novel, which I read last night, is very interesting. 那部小說, 我昨晚讀的那本, 非常有趣。(非限制性定語從句, 先行詞是the novel)*The novel is very interesting, which makes me very glad. 這部小說很有意思, 這讓我很高興。(非限制性定語從句, 先行詞是前面整句話)【名師點津】非限制性定語從句(1)形式上: 用逗號“, ”與主句隔開。(2)意義上: 只是對先行詞的補充說明, 若刪除, 主句仍

4、能表達完整的意思。(3)譯法上: 通常譯成主句的并列句?！炯磳W(xué)活用】(1)This is an important present, _I received yesterday. (2)Football is a game _is liked by most boys. (3)(2017天津高考)My eldest son, _work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. whichwhich/thatwhose二、非限制性定語從句中關(guān)系詞的用法1. who, whom, whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。(1

5、)關(guān)系代詞who, whom引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句修飾人。(2)關(guān)系代詞who在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語; whom作賓語; 介詞后用whom, 不用who。(3)whose作定語, 先行詞是人時, whose + n. 相當(dāng)于the +n. +of whom。先行詞是物時, whose + n. 相當(dāng)于the +n. +of which。*Our guide, who was a French Canadian, was an excellent cook. 我們的向?qū)? 一個法裔加拿大人, 擅長烹調(diào)。*Mr Smith, from whom I have learned a lot,

6、is a famous scientist. 史密斯先生是一位著名的科學(xué)家, 我從他那兒學(xué)了很多東西。*The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 桌子上的書是我們的獎品, 書的封皮很亮。【即學(xué)活用】用who, whom和whose填空(1)(2017全國卷)But Sarah, _has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. (2)Peter, _yo

7、u met in London, is now back in Paris. whowhom(3)Isobel, _brother was training for the match, had heard the joke before. whose2. which, as的用法。(1)兩者在定語從句中作主語或賓語。*Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses. 水是一種清澈的液體, 有許多用途。*Our country has sent up another man-made earth satellite, as is reported i

8、n the papers. 報紙上報道, 我國又發(fā)射了一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星。(2)as, which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別。項目aswhich指代引導(dǎo)的從句只能指代整個主句的內(nèi)容引導(dǎo)的從句既可指代整個主句的內(nèi)容, 又可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前、之中或之后引導(dǎo)的從句不能位于主句之前意義正如這, 那*I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, which my classmates recommended to me. 我上周從圖書館借了夏洛克福爾摩斯, 這本書是我班同學(xué)推薦給我的。*(2017江蘇高考)

9、The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 正如所報道的那樣, 僅僅一年的時間, 吸煙者的數(shù)量下降了17%。【即學(xué)活用】用which和as填空(1)(2018江蘇高考)By boat is the only way to get here, _ is how we arrived. (2) _ can be seen from his face, he is quite pleased. whichAs3. when, where的用法。(1)關(guān)系副詞when在非限制性定語

10、從句中作時間狀語, 指代主句中表示時間的詞語。(2)關(guān)系副詞where在非限制性定語從句中作地點狀語, 指代主句中表示地點的詞語。(3)when/where有時可以換成“介詞+which”。*Well put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better. 我們打算把在公園里的這次野餐推遲到下周, 那時天氣可能會更好。*Opposite is St. Pauls Church, where you can hear some lovely music. 對面是圣保羅教堂, 在那里你能聽到好聽

11、的音樂。*I left on Sunday, when/on which everyone was at home. 我星期日離開的, 當(dāng)時人人都在家?！炯磳W(xué)活用】用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系副詞填空(1)He will put off the picnic until May 1st, _he will be free. (2)They went to London, _they lived for six months. whenwhere4. 介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句。在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”中, 關(guān)系代詞用whom指人, 用which指物。*He worked in a car factory for four years, after which he founded his own company in his hometown. 他在一家汽車廠工作了4年, 之后在他的家鄉(xiāng)建立了自己的公司。*We are short of two people, without whom we will need three more days to finish the work. 我們?nèi)鄙賰蓚€人, 沒有他們, 我們還需要三天的時間來完成