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1、Lesson FourCooling Water SystemTeaching ProceduresStep I VocabularyStep II Lead-in QuestionStep III FocusStep IV Grammatical PointsStep V Analysis of difficult SentencesStep VI QuestionsStep VII Related Multiple Choices to the Competency Test Lead-in QuestionWhat are there in the marine diesel engin

2、e besides the fixed parts and moving parts? Through learning the last two lessons we know something about the main parts of a diesel engine. Besides these parts there are some necessary systems used for the operation of the engine. Without these systems the engine cant work at all. From now on we be

3、gin to learn these systems one by one.The necessary systems for the operation of a marine diesel engine1. The cooling water system2. The fuel oil system3. The lubricating system4. The air starting system5. The operating system6. The turbo-charging systemVocabulary1. take steps to do sth. 采取措施去做2. pr

4、event sb. from doing sth. 防止某人做某事3. mechanical properties 機(jī)械性能4. be achieved by 通過來實(shí)現(xiàn)(完成)5. as a result of 結(jié)果是6. be liable to do sth. 易于做某事7. due to 由于8. make up for 補(bǔ)償9. meet the requirements of 符合要求10.in the event of 萬一11.in either case 無論哪一種情況下12.be independent of 獨(dú)立于 Some useful expressions1. th

5、e combustion spaces 燃燒空間2. to avoid losing mechanical strength 避免失去機(jī)械強(qiáng)度3. internal passages 內(nèi)部通道4. the usual used coolant 常用的冷卻劑5. low specific heat 低比熱6. cooling fluids 冷卻液流7. be rejected to the sea 被排回海中8. be liable to leave deposits 易于留下沉積物9. closed cooling system 閉式冷卻系統(tǒng)10.open cooling system 開式冷

6、卻系統(tǒng)11.the circulating pump 循環(huán)泵12.open to the atmosphere 向大氣敞開13. sea water circulated cooler 海水循環(huán)冷卻器14. heat exchanger 熱交換器15. turbo-blower 增壓器16. for water make-up 為了補(bǔ)充水17. a small head tank 一個(gè)小型高置水柜18. the free surface of the water 自由水面19. at the pump suction 在泵的吸入端20. to avoid cavitation effects

7、避免氣蝕的影響21. steam pockets or air locks 蒸汽泡或氣鎖22. small-bore tube 小口徑管子23. for the release of air 為了釋放空氣24. prior to starting 在啟動(dòng)前25. the proportions of water 水的比例, 水的量26. a three-way valve 一個(gè)三通閥27. regardless of the load or speed 與負(fù)荷和速度無關(guān)28. the piston cooling system 活塞冷卻系統(tǒng)29. a drain tank 一個(gè)回水箱或放殘柜3

8、0. a hopper or tundish 帶支架的觀察鏡或觀察漏斗31. a visual flow indicator 看得見液流的顯示器32. fuel injector valve 燃油噴油器33. at the tip of the nozzle 在噴嘴的尖端34. carbon trumpets 喇叭狀積炭35. a central cooling system 中央冷卻系統(tǒng)36. in contact with seawater 與海水接觸37. the sea water main 海水總管38. the charge air 增壓空氣39. in an emergency

9、situation 在緊急情況下40. to remove the blind-flange 拆下盲板法蘭Focus1.The reasons for cooling (para.1 p24)2.Methods of cooling (para. 2 p24)3. Why do we sometimes employ lube oil for piston cooling?4. Why is sea water not directly used as a coolant?5. Two separate fresh water cooling system6. The function of

10、head tank7. The cylinder jacket cooling and the piston cooling systems8. The function of a drain tank in the piston cooling system9. Why is the piston cooling system separate?10. The advantages of central cooling system11. In an emergency conditions, how do we supply sea water to the fresh water coo

11、ling system?12. In reading: Materials A and B Grammatical PointVarious kinds of attributive in the textthe high temperature (形容詞)the working cycle (動(dòng)名詞)the metal forming the cylinders (現(xiàn)在分詞短語)the piston rings (名詞)the metal of parts (介詞短語)the heat picked up by these cooling fluids (過去分詞短語)a closed fr

12、esh water system (過去分詞和名詞)a sea water circulated cooler (名詞和過去分詞)the jacket water circulating pump (名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞)a small amount of air (形容詞和介詞短語)a three-way valve (復(fù)合形容詞)a cooling system which is either a branch of the jacket water system or an entirely separate circuit. (定語從句) Analysis of difficult sent

13、encesThe heat picked up by these cooling fluids is transferred to seawater in heat exchangers and thus rejected to the sea, the cooling fluids becoming cooled and ready to circulate the engine again. picked up 過去分詞短語做定語。 the cooling fluids 是分詞 becoming 的邏輯主語, 此結(jié)構(gòu) 上次課已學(xué)過, 是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。2. However, provisio

14、n has to be made for the expansion of the water due to the increase in temperature and due to small amount of air which may enter the system and become entrained (定語從句) and for water make up due to leakages. p24 然而,需提供(空間)用于水溫上升水的膨脹,或由于少量空氣進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)并變成氣泡狀,以及用于補(bǔ)充漏泄的水.The minimum height of the head tank ma

15、y be based on maintaining pressure of fresh water in the heat exchanger above that of the sea water to ensure that in the event of a small internal leak developing sea water cannot enter the fresh water system. P25 高置水柜的最低高度可基于下列條件:保持熱交換器中的淡水的壓力高于海水的壓力以確保萬一內(nèi)部有小裂縫,海水無法進(jìn)入到淡水系統(tǒng)中。 Some modern ships use

16、what is known as a central cooling system with only one large sea water circulated cooler. (賓語從句) 有些現(xiàn)代船舶使用一種稱作為中央冷卻系統(tǒng), 只有一個(gè) 大型的海水循環(huán)冷卻器.Reviewing Questions1. Why do we have to apply the cooling water system to the engine?2. How to achieve the cooling of the engines?3. Why is lube oil sometimes used for piston lubrication?4. How is the specific gravity of oil compared with that of the water?5. Why is sea water not used directly as a coolant?6. The cooling system for the slow speed engine consists of two separate systems, what are they? 7. What is the

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