大學(xué)英語 新視野Unit 1

1、Unit 1 Section A Learning a Foreign LanguageContentsGeneral Understanding1Structural Analysis2Detailed Study of the Text3Translation4Sandy WongGeneral UnderstandingPara(s). Topic 1 General experiences of learning a foreign language: _ yet _. 2 Experiences in _. 3 Experiences in _. 4 Experiences at _

2、.5-7 Experiences about _. 8 Benefits of learning a foreign language.difficultrewardingjunior middle school senior middle schoolcollegeonline learningPart I (Introduction)Part II(4 stages of language learning experience)Part III (Conclusion)Sandy WongPara. 1 Learning a foreign language was one of the

3、 most difficult yet most rewarding experiences of my life. Although at times learning a language was frustrating, it was well worth the effort. Sandy Wong was rewarded by his father for cleaning his room The little boy_ _（因為打掃了房間而得到了父親的獎勵）.vt. give sth in return for good doings Phrases: reward sb. w

4、ith sth.; reward sb. for sth; _（她獎給她家小狗一根骨頭）because it brought her the newspaper.She rewarded her dog with a bonereward v.Sandy Wongn. sth. received in return for work or servicesThe dog received a bone as a reward for bringing her owner the newspaper.She rewarded her dog with a bone because it brou

5、ght her the newspaper.reward n.Sandy Wonginterest interestingexcite excitingany other words like rewarding?reward+ing: 有益的,有意義的,值得的 Teaching is a very rewarding career. rewarding adj.Sandy Wong For you, joining in clubs is_.對于你們來說，加入社團(tuán)是極其有意義的經(jīng)歷。 a very rewarding experienceTry itSandy Wong to cause s

6、b. to feel angry or disappointed 使沮喪，使灰心The frequent traffic jams frustrated the young man.頻繁的交通擁堵使這個年輕人很傷腦筋。Was there anything making you frustrated? I was frustrated by近義詞：discourage; disappoint; upset; annoyfrustrate v.Sandy Wong to prevent someones plans, efforts from succeeding 使挫敗，使受挫折The burg

7、lary of my apartment frustrated my plan of writing the thesis.家里發(fā)生的盜竊案打破了我寫論文的計劃。Translationfrustrate v.Sandy Wongfrustrating vs. frustrated The weather is _ so everybody feels sleepy.I felt _ because my laptop was stolen.frustratingfrustratedSandy Wong鼓浪嶼的鋼琴博物館值得一游。The piano museum in Gulang Island

8、 is worth a visit.=The piano museum in Gulang Island is worth visiting. be worth sth./ doing sth.worth adj.Sandy Wongworth, worthy, worthwhile 用法區(qū)別：從句法功能上看 worth通常只用作表語，不用于名詞前作定語；worthy和worthwhile可用作表語和定語。如： Itisntworththetrouble.不值得費(fèi)那個事。 Heisaworthygentleman.他是位值得尊敬的紳士。 Hisbehaviorisworthyofgreatpr

9、aise. 他的行為值得高度贊揚(yáng)。 Theyachievedaveryworthwhileresult. 他們?nèi)〉昧撕苡袃r值的成果。 Wehadalongwait,butitwasworthwhilebecausewegotthetickets. 我們等了很久，但還算值得，因為我們把票買到了。Sandy Wongworth習(xí)慣上不用very修飾(要表示類似意思可用well)，而worthy和worthwhile則可以用副詞very修飾。如：Thatisveryworthyofourattention.那件事很值得我們注意。Nursingisaveryworthwhilecareer.護(hù)理工作是

10、很值得干的職業(yè)。但習(xí)慣上不說：Theworkisveryworthdoing.(very應(yīng)改為well) 從所使用的修飾語來看Sandy Wong從搭配習(xí)慣來看： 1.有關(guān)beworth的搭配習(xí)慣 (1)beworth后可直接跟名詞、代詞或動名詞。如： Thepictureisworth$500.這幅畫值500美元。 Theclockishardlyworthrepairing.這臺鐘簡直不值得修理。Whatisworthdoingisworthdoingwell.值得干的事就得干好。 注意：其后可接動名詞，不能接不定式，且接動名詞時，總是用主動形式表示被動意義。(2)在現(xiàn)代英語中，在bewo

11、rth前使用形式主語it被認(rèn)為是合習(xí)慣的。如： Itisntworthrepairingthecar.這輛汽車不值得修了。 Isitworthvisitingthecity?這個城市值得去看嗎? 但是，若不用形式主語it而直接用動名詞作主語則是錯誤的，如： 誤：Repairingthecarisworth. Sandy Wong(3)在beworthdoing結(jié)構(gòu)中，除非句首用了形式主語it，否則句子主語總應(yīng)是其動名詞的邏輯賓語；若其中的動詞不及物，應(yīng)考慮加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。如： Nothinghesaidwasworthlisteningto.他說的話沒有一句值得聽。 Shesnotworthg

12、ettingangrywith.犯不上跟她生氣。 Sandy Wong2.有關(guān)beworthy的搭配習(xí)慣 (1)beworthy后不能直接跟名詞、代詞或動名詞，若要接，應(yīng)借助介詞of。如： Theireffortsareworthyofyoursupport.他們的努力應(yīng)得到你的支持。Herbehaviorisworthyofpraise.她的行為是值得贊揚(yáng)的。 (2)與beworth后只接動名詞不接不定式不同，beworthy后不接動名詞，而接不定式(若該不定式要表示被動意義，則應(yīng)用被動形式)。如： Heisworthytoreceivesuchhonor.他應(yīng)該得到這種榮譽(yù)。Thissug

13、gestionisworthytobeconsidered.這個建議值得考慮。 Sandy Wong(3)若要在beworthy后接動名詞，與后接名詞時的情形一樣，應(yīng)借助介詞of，且該動名詞若要表示被動意義，要用被動形式。如： Heisworthyoffilling=tofillthepost.這個職位他當(dāng)之無愧。Thissuggestionisworthyofbeingconsidered=tobeconsidered.這個建議值得考慮。Sandy Wong3.有關(guān)beworthwhile的搭配習(xí)慣 (1)beworthwhile后接動名詞或不定式均可。如：Itisworthwhilebuy

14、ingthedictionary.這本詞典值得買。(其中的worthwhile也可換成worth)Itisworthwhiletodiscusstheplanagain.這個計劃值得再討論一次。(其中的worthwhile不能換成worth，因為其后接用了不定式)Sandy Wong(2)有時可將worthwhile分開寫，此時也可在其中加上ones。如：Idthinkitworthwhiletogo.我認(rèn)為值得去。Doyouthinkitsworthwhilequarrellingwithme?你認(rèn)為與我吵值得嗎? Wouldyouliketodosomegardeningforme?Ill

15、makeitworthyourwhile.你愿意在我的花園里干些活嗎?我不會虧待你的。 Itisworthyourwhilevisitingtovisitthemuseum.這個博物館值得你去看看。Sandy Wong(3)按傳統(tǒng)語法，Itisworth(ones)whiletodosth.doingsth.結(jié)構(gòu)必須用it作形式主語，其中的不定式或動名詞做句子的真正主語。那個地方值得一去。-以下幾種譯法均正確Theplaceisworthavisit. Theplaceisworthyofavisit. Theplaceisworthvisiting. Itisworthvisitingthe

16、place. Theplaceisworthyofbeingvisited. Theplaceisworthytobevisited. Itisworthwhilevisitingtheplace. Itisworthwhiletovisittheplace.Sandy WongIn junior middle school (Para.2):The teacher: _ _The author: _ _kind and patient, positive,often praising the students at the top of my class, eagerly answering

17、 all the questions, never worrying much about making mistakesRead Para. 2positivecauseeffectSandy WongPara. 2 My experience with learning a foreign language began in junior middle school, when I took my first English class. I had a kind and patient teacher who often praised all of the students. Beca

18、use of this positive method, I eagerly answered all the questions I could, never worrying much about making mistakes. I was at the top of my class for two years. Sandy Wong大一(學(xué)生)大二大三大四freshman sophomorejunior senior幼兒園小學(xué)初中高中kindergartenprimary school junior middle school senior middle schoolSandy Wo

19、ng positive attitude _的態(tài)度 positive answer _的答案 positive terminal of a battery 電池的_ 極 positive test result _性檢測結(jié)果 積極肯定正陽positive negativeantonympositive adj.Sandy WongBecause of this positive method, I eagerly answered all the questions I could, never worrying about making mistakes.現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語Climbin

20、g to the top of the tower, we saw a beautiful sight.Climbing to the top of the tower, the sight was so beautiful.分詞的邏輯主語應(yīng)與句子主語一致，表示主動意義Difficult Sentence 1Sandy WongBecause of the helpful and encouraging way (my teacher taught), I was very willing to answer all the questions I could, and I hardly wo

21、rried about making mistakes.由于這種積極的教學(xué)方法，我踴躍回答各種問題，從不怕答錯。Sandy WongIn senior middle school (Para.3):The teacher: _ _ _The author: _ _punishing quickly, pointing a long stick at us and shaking it up and down, shouting “No! No! No!”losing my eagerness, losing my joy, losing my desireRead Para. 3causeef

22、fectnegativeSandy WongPara. 3 When I went to senior middle school, I was eager to continue studying English; however, my experience in senior middle school was very different from before. While my former teacher had been patient with all of the students, my new teacher quickly punished those who gav

23、e incorrect answers. Whenever we answered incorrectly, she pointed a long stick at us and, shaking it up and down, shouted, “No! No! No!” It didnt take me long to lose my eagerness to answer questions. (paraphrase) Not only did I lose my joy in answering questions, but I also lost my desire to say a

24、nything at all in English. Sandy Wong While my former teacher had been patient with all the students, my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers. (L11) While , 而, Note: “While” is used to show contrast.Difficult Sentence 2Sandy WongTranslation 我喝清咖啡而他喜歡加奶油的。 I drink black coffe

25、e while he prefers cream in his coffee.Sandy WongSandy WongTranslation Exercise 2 網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)的想法使她非常興奮，而他認(rèn)為網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)毫無意義和用處。 She is _ by the idea of online learning _ he _ it _ and _.excitedwhileconsidersmeaninglessuselessSandy Wong Not only did I lose my joy in answering questions but I also lost my desire to

26、say anything at all in English. Paraphrase： I not only didnt feel happy answering questions, but also didnt want to say anything in English.我不僅失去了回答問題的樂趣，而且根本就不想再用英語說半個字。Difficult Sentence 3Sandy Wong With “not only” or “only” placed at the beginning of a sentence, the sentence order should be inver

27、ted (倒裝) . e.g. Not only did we enjoy the film, but we also had a wonderful time.Any other expressions like not only?表示否定意義的副詞或短語放在句首作狀語時,句子用部分倒裝。 never/little/few/hardlyseldomnowherein no wayunder no circumstancesno sooner. than.scarcely (hardly). when.Sandy WongTranslation Exercise 1對于網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程，學(xué)生不僅可以選

28、擇何時何地學(xué)習(xí)，在回答問題之前他們還可以有時間思考答案。 _ students _ when and where to learn for an online course, _ they _ take time to think through answers _.Not only canchoosebutcan alsobefore making a replySandy Wong失去做某事的欲望一個接一個的失敗使他失去了繼續(xù)此項研究的欲望。 lose ones desire/ eagerness to do sth.One failure after another made him l

29、ose the eagerness to go on with the research. TranslationSandy WongAt college (Para.4):The teacher: _ _The classes: _ _ The author: _ _patient and kind, no pointed sticksfeeling intimidated, afraid to speak, staying at the same levelvery large, many students spoke much better than I didRead Para. 4S

30、andy WongPara. 4a However, that state didnt last long. When I went to college, I learned that all students were required to take an English course. Unlike my senior middle school teacher, my college English teachers were patient and kind, and none of them carried long, pointed sticks! The situation

31、was far from perfect, though. Sandy WongPara. 4b As our classes were very large, I was only able to answer a couple of questions in each class period. Also, after a few weeks of classes, I noticed there were many students who spoke much better than I did. I began to feel intimidated. So, once again,

32、 although for different reasons, I was afraid to speak. It seemed my English was going to stay at the same level forever. Sandy Wongfar from: notat all 一點也不 It is said her husband is far from handsome.far from The journey to Malaysia was far from satisfactory.大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)一點也不容易。Sandy Wong The criminal intim

33、idated the witness into silence/into keeping silent.frighten罪犯恐嚇目擊證人保持緘默。intimidate sb. into sth. into doing sth.patternintimidate v.Sandy Wong永遠(yuǎn)停滯不前stay at the same level forever有時，我們認(rèn)為英語水平似乎總停滯不前，但事實上并不一定如此。Sometimes we think our English ability seems to stay at the same level forever, but in fact

34、, this is not necessarily the case.Sandy WongRead Paras.5-7 ( ) 1. Although I had an opportunity to study English through an online course, I didnt have the right to use the necessary equipment.( ) 2. Online learning is not easier than classroom study, so I worked harder.( ) 3. I made so many mistak

35、es that I didnt get anything from learning English online.Sandy WongPara. 5( ) 1. Although I had an opportunity to study English through an online course, I didnt have the right to use the necessary equipment.have/get/gain access to有權(quán)享用，可以使用F e.g. Every student in TKK has access to all books in the

36、library.Sandy Wong( ) 2. Online learning is not easier than classroom study, so I worked harder.Para. 6T It requires a lot of time, commitment and discipline to keep up with the flow of the course. 它需要花許多時間，需要學(xué)習(xí)者專心、自律，以跟上課程進(jìn)度。Sandy WongPara. 7( ) 3. I made so many mistakes that I didnt get anything

37、from learning English online.F Although I was still making many mistakes and was continually learning new ways to say things, I had finally reaped the benefits of all of my hard work. (L44-45)get sth. as a reward for sth. done獲得益處，得到好處Sandy WongPara. 5 That was the situation until a couple of years

38、later when I was offered an opportunity to study English through an online course. The communication medium was a computer, a phone line, and a modem. I soon got access to the necessary equipment, learned how to use the technology from a friend and participated in the virtual classroom 5 to 7 days a

39、 week.Sandy WongPara. 6 Online learning is not easier than regular classroom study; it requires a lot of time, commitment and discipline to keep up with the flow of the course. I worked hard to meet the minimum standards set by the course and to complete assignments on time.on time: 按時Compare: in ti

40、me 及時Sandy WongPara. 7a I practiced all the time. I carried a little dictionary with me everywhere I went, as well as a notebook in which I listed any new words I heard. I made many, sometimes embarrassing, mistakes. Once in a while I cried out of frustration, and sometimes I felt like giving up. Bu

41、t I didnt feel intimidated by students who spoke faster than I did because I took all the time I needed to think out my ideas and wrote a reply before posting it on the screen. Sandy WongPara. 7b Then, one day I realized I could understand just about everything I came across, and most importantly, I

42、 could “say” anything I wanted to in English. Although I was still making many mistakes and was continually learning new ways to say things, I had finally reaped the benefits of all of my hard work.Sandy Wong All students have access to the books in the library. the right to make use of have/ gain /

43、get/obtain access toaccess n. 每個學(xué)生都有權(quán)借閱圖書館的書。 Sandy Wong The access to the imperial palace is guarded by a soldier.entranceSandy WongTranslation Exercise 4如今，越來越多的人可以利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)查找他們需要的信息。 Today, more and more people _ through which _.have accessto the Internetthey look forthe information they needSandy Wo

44、ngtake part or become involved in How many students participated in Xiamen International Marathon this year?我希望班上的每一個同學(xué)都能參與課堂討論。e.g.TranslationI hope everyone can participate in class discussions.Keyparticipate v.Sandy WongI was impressed by the commitment shown by the players in London Olympics.ded

45、ication 倫敦奧運(yùn)會上運(yùn)動員們在比賽中十分投入給我留下了深刻的印象。commitment n.Sandy Wong He doesnt want to get married, because he does not want any mise他不想結(jié)婚,因為他不愿許下任何承諾。Sandy Wong1. Women commit fewer crimes than men.2. The Japanese warriors used to commit hara-kiri.3. A lot of money has been committed to Xian

46、gan Tunnel.4. The government has committed itself to improving life among people in poor towns.say that someone will definitely do something or must do something commit suicide: to kill yourself deliberatelydo sth. illegal or wrongd. decide to use for a particular purpose cbadcommit v.Sandy Wongto m

47、eet: to fulfill to meet _ ? the standards / conditions / requirements/needs /demands父母總是盡一切努力滿足孩子的要求。 Parents are always trying their best to meet thechildren needs.Sandy Wongembarrassing/embarrassed adj. The US flag was blown away in Olympic Awards, which embarrassed everybody. (v.)e.g.Everybody fe

48、lt _ when the US flag was blown away, because it was really an _ moment. (adj.)embarrass v.embarrassedembarrassingSandy WongOnce in a while I cried out of frustration. Out of : because of a particular feeling you have e.g.They obeyed him out of fear rather than respect. Just out of curiosity, why di

49、d you take that job?out ofSandy Wongfeel like + n./doing sth. I feel like a cup of tea now. 我現(xiàn)在想喝杯茶。 I dont feel like having anything when I had a bad cold. 我感冒的時候什么都不想吃。Sandy WongTranslation Exercise 5 他要她放棄工作在家照顧孩子，但是她覺得這個要求太過分了。 He wants her to _. She feels, however, _.give up working and stay ho

50、me to look after childrenthat this is too much for herSandy Wong請相信如果你現(xiàn)在努力, 將來會得到回報的。 Please believe if you work hard now, youll reap the benefits / the fruits in the future. Put them into ChineseAs a man sows, so he shall reap. 種瓜得瓜, 種豆得豆。 You will reap what you have sown. 自食其果。reap the benefit(s)S

51、andy WongYou can use continual, continuous, and constant to describe things that happen or exist without stopping. Continual is usually used to describe something that happens often over a period of time, especially something undesirable. .his continual drinking. .continual demands to cut costs. If

52、something is continuous, it happens all the time without stopping, or seems to do so. .days of continuous rain. .a continuous background noise. You describe something as constant when it happens all the time or never goes away. He was in constant pain. .Evas constant criticism. Sandy WongPara. 8a Le

53、arning a foreign language has been a most trying experience for me, but one that I wouldnt trade for anything. Not only did learning another language teach me the value of hard work, but it also gave me insights into another culture, and my mind was opened to new ways of seeing things. The most wond

54、erful result of having learned a foreign language was that I could communicate with many more people than before.Sandy WongPara. 8b Talking with people is one of my favorite activities, so being able to speak a new language lets me meet new people, participate in conversations, and form new, unforge

55、ttable friendships. Now that I speak a foreign language, instead of staring into space when English is being spoken, I can participate and make friends. I am able to reach out to others and bridge the gap between my language and culture and theirs.Sandy Wongtrade A for B: 以A換取B Its silly of him to t

56、rade his MP4 player for a used bike.真笨哪,他用隨身聽換了輛舊自行車。我不會拿愛情做交易。I wouldnt trade love for anything.trade forSandy Wong這些美國電影使得她對美國社會有了些深刻的了解。 These American films gave her some insights into the American society. give sb. insight(s) intoSandy WongTranslation Exercise 3 與以英語為母語的人交談是非常有益的體驗，從中我們能學(xué)到許多東西。

57、 Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot.Sandy WongTranslation Exercise 6 既然我們已經(jīng)學(xué)完了這門課程，就應(yīng)該多做些復(fù)習(xí)。 Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.Sandy Wong他認(rèn)為貧富之間的差距是無法彌合的。 He thinks there is no way to bri

58、dge the gap between the rich and the poor. bridge the gapSandy Wong Summary Writing Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most (有意義的經(jīng)歷) _ _. Although at times, learning a language was frustrating, it was (非常有價值) _ _. In junior middle school, my foreign teacher (表揚(yáng)) _all of th

59、e students. I benefit a lot from this positive teaching method. In senior middle school, the teacher always（懲罰） _ those who gave incorrect answers. So I (失去樂趣) _in answering questions and my desire to say anything at all in English. In college, I had no _ to speak in class. Iexperiencespraisedpunish

60、edwell worthlost my joyrewarding opportunitythe effortSandy Wong felt intimidated. (網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)) _ changed everything. Although it requires much _, _and _to keep up with the flow of the course, I succeeded in foreign language learning. Learning a foreign language has been a most (艱辛的經(jīng)歷) _. I have gained _