人教版高中英語高二英語必修五Unit1+unit2同步學案

1、人教版高中英高二英語必修五Unit 1 Great scientists精品同步學案課標導航【課文導讀】The Four Great Inventions of ancient ChinaThe Compass: Scientist Shen Kuo in the Song Dynasty in Its Meng Xi Bi Tan in the records he introduced how to make the needle point Gunpowder : originated in ancient Chinese alchemy.Papermaking : Yuanxing t

2、he first year of the Eastern Han ( 105), Cai Lun invented paper making operation.Printing : During the Song dynasty, Bi Sheng invented the moveable type of printingOther world famous scientistsThomos A. Edison : inventor of the light bulb“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety nine percent per

3、spiration”Galilleo Galilei: inventor of the telescope“You cannot teach a man anything; you can only help him to find it within himself.”Marie Curie: discover of the radium“Nothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be understood.”Charles Darwin: The Origin of Species.【課標要求】知識與技能本單元主要話題是“科學家如何以探索

4、，鉆研，無謂的科研精神驗證未知的科學真理。”了解著名醫(yī)生John Snow，哥白尼等科學家以及他們的作為和故事。學習表示意愿，希望和建議的句型。學習過去分詞作定語和表語的結構。學習策略學生通過思考、調查、搜集信息、討論、交流、合作等方式，學習和使用英語完成學習任務。情感態(tài)度與價值觀 通過本單元的學習，學生感悟科學家的周密觀察、勇于探索、認真分析的科學精神，加強了對學生品格素養(yǎng)的培養(yǎng)，也陶冶了學生的情操。知識盤點【字詞回顧】1._ 提出 2._ 得出結論 3._ vt. 打敗; 戰(zhàn)勝; 使受挫. n. 失敗 _ vt. 照顧; 護理；出席； 參加 5._ vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光 6._ n.

5、 治愈；痊愈 vt. 治愈；治療 7._ n.挑戰(zhàn) vt. 向.挑戰(zhàn) 8._ vt.吸收；吸引；使專心 9._ vt.懷疑 n. 被懷疑者；嫌疑犯 10._ vt. 責備；譴責 n. 過失；責備 11._ vt. 污染；弄臟 12._ n. 柄；把手 vt. 處理；操縱 13._ n.vt. 將和聯(lián)系起來 14._ vt. 宣布；通告 _ vivt. 捐獻；貢獻；捐助 16._ 除之外；此外 17._ 對嚴格的 18._ 講得通；有意義 19._ vivt.（使）旋轉；紡（線或紗） 20._ vt. 拒絕；不接受；拋棄 【句型平臺】But he became _ when he thought

6、 about helping ordinary people _ _cholera.但當他要想到要幫助（那些）受到霍亂威脅的普通老百姓，他就感到很振奮。So many thousands of _ people died every time there was an outbreak. 每次暴發(fā)霍亂時，就有大批驚恐的老百姓病死To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies _ _.為了防止這種情況再發(fā)生，約翰.斯諾建議所有水源都要經過檢測。_ _ t

7、he construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases.除了上面提到的結構，你們還學過一下的一些短語。Only if you put the sun there _ the movements of the other planets in the sky_ _. 只有當你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運動才能說得清楚。【交際用語】描述人物：Describing peopleHow will I recognize you?You can recognize me because What

8、 will you wear?I will wear a What do you look like?I look likeWhat special features do you have?Im tall/ short，fat/ thin，young/ old How will I know you?I have large / small, brown/ grown/ black eyes with 課文精講Section I Warming Up- Reading-Comprehending1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scienti

9、fic research? 你知道如何證明科研方面的新觀點嗎？句中how to prove a new idea in scientific research為“疑問詞 + 不定式短語”結構在句中作賓語。這種結構在句中可以作主語( S)、賓語( O )、表語( P )。這類疑問詞有what，how，when，where，which，whether等。【典例精析】（1）What to do has not been decided. ( S )（2）I want to know how to deal with it. ( O )（3）The problem is where to travel

10、. ( P )2. Who put forward a theory about black holes? 誰提出了關于黑洞的理論？put forward 提出；提前，把（時鐘）往前撥同義詞有：come up；come up with；put back ( 把鐘表撥慢；放回 ) 【典例精析】Some scientists put forward new ideas on the development of economy.一些科學家提出了關于經濟發(fā)展的新見解。Can you put forward a plan better than the one under consideration?

11、你能提出比這個正在考慮中的計劃更好的計劃嗎？His watch was five minutes slow, so he had to put it forward.他的手表慢了五分鐘，所有他不得不把它朝前拔5分鐘?！颈嫖鐾卣埂縋ut away 把收起來；放好Put aside 儲存?zhèn)溆?；儲蓄Put off 推遲；延期Put up 舉起；張貼Put out 發(fā)布；撲滅（ 火等 ）Put on 演出；穿上；增加 （ 體重 ）【鞏固提高】單項選擇The famous scientist has _ a new theory.A. put off B. put up C. put out D. pu

12、t forward 3. conclude vt.& vi.結束；判斷出；議定【典例精析】We concluded our meeting at 9 oclock.我們九點鐘結束了會議。The movie concluded with a happy ending.這部電影以大團圓作為結束。【辨析拓展】conclusion n.結論；推斷出；議定相關搭配：make a conclusion 下結論arrive at/ come to/ draw a conclusion得出結論in conclusion 最后；總之at the conclusion of 當完結后come to the con

13、clusion that所得出結論是；斷定leap/jump to a conclusion 貿然斷定，過早下結論We draw a conclusion from his red face that he had been lying.我們從他的臉變紅得出結論：他一直在撒謊。We came to the conclusion that he was a thief.我們得到的結論是，他是一個小偷?！眷柟烫岣摺繂雾椷x擇She came to _ conclusion that he had forgotten the meeting.A. a B. / C. the D. an 4. John

14、 snow defeats “ king cholera”“霍亂王” defeat vt. 打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使挫折 n. 失敗、輸【典例精析】The French defeated the English troops.法國人打敗了英國軍隊。The task defeated me！這任務把我難倒了！The team has suffered several defeats recently.球隊最近多次敗北。Ill never admit defeat.我決不會認輸?！颈嫖鐾卣埂勘嫖觯篸efeat, win和beat的區(qū)別defeat 可表示在戰(zhàn)斗、競爭、比賽中擊敗對手，后接sb.beat主要用

15、于比賽、競爭中擊敗對手，后接sb.beat和defeat為同義詞，它們的賓語必須是人或一個集體，如a team，a class，a school，an army。二者?？商鎿Q使用。（3）win意為“贏得；獲勝”，它常跟的賓語有game，war，prize，fame，battle等。We beat their team by 8 points. 我們贏了他們隊八分。 They are always defeated but never beaten. 他們雖然屢戰(zhàn)屢敗，但從未被徹底打垮。They won the battle but lost many men. 他們取得了這次戰(zhàn)斗的勝利，但犧牲

16、了很多人。【鞏固提高】用defeat，beat與win的正確形式填空We _ the football game yesterday. He _ all his opponents in the election. I had to admit that I was _. 5. John Snow was a famous doctor in London- so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.約翰斯諾是倫敦一位著名醫(yī)生-他的確醫(yī)術精湛，因而成了維多利亞女王的私人大夫。Atte

17、nd vt.& vi. 照顧；護理；出席；參加【典例精析】Who is attending you?誰在照顧你？He didnt attend his classes for illness.他因生病沒有上學?！颈嫖鐾卣埂縜ttend school 上學（= go to school ）attend a lecture/movie 聽演講、看電影attend church 去教堂 （= go to church ）attend to 處理；專心于；照料【鞏固提高】單項選擇- Would you like to _ my cat for ten days while Im in China?-

18、Id like to, but I have to _ a meeting in one week.A. attend to; attend B. attend; joinC. attending; take part in D. attend to; join in詞匯辨析join, take part in, attend, join injoin表示參加某一團體、組織、機構，并作為其中一員（如：入黨、入團、入會、參軍等） He joined the Labour Party/this company in 1999. 他1999年加入了工黨/這家公司。 take part in 參與，參

19、加某種活動； 參加歌詠小組(take part in the singing group)join in: to take part in an activity 參加(活動)We all joined in the singing.我們大家一起唱歌attend 出席，參加，照顧；護理But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但當他一想到要幫助那些受到霍亂威脅的老百姓，他就感到振奮。句中的inspired and exposed to cholera都是過去分詞

20、短語在句中分別作表語和定語（此句中是放在名詞的后面修飾名詞故為后置定語）?！镜淅觥縏he window is broken.（broken作表語）窗戶破了。They were frightened at the sad sight. （frightened作表語）他們對眼前悲慘的景象感到害怕。Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. (elected作后置定語修飾those )。當選為委員的人將出席這次會。The question discussed at the meeting has not been dec

21、ided.( discussed作后置定語修飾 the question ).在會議上討論的問題還沒有決定。expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光【典例精析】The soil was washed away by the flood, exposing bare rocks.土壤被洪水沖走，露出光禿禿的巖石。He didnt want to expose his fear and worry to anyone.他不想向任何人顯露他的恐懼與不安?！颈嫖鐾卣埂肯嚓P搭配：be exposed to(to為介詞)暴露于exposedto把暴露于之下expose oneself to sbs inf

22、luence 使自己受到某人的影響【鞏固提高】完成句子（1）He _ _ _ all kinds of weather.他飽經風吹雨打。（2）She _ herself _ to the hot sun 她把自己暴露在烈日下。Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。句中的neithernor 表示“既不也不”，用來聯(lián)結兩個并列成分。聯(lián)結兩個并列的主語時，謂語動詞與靠近的名詞、代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，即“謂語就近原則”。適合用“謂語就近原則”的短語還有：or/eitheror/nor/whether

23、or/not onlybut also/notbut等【典例精析】Neither the teacher nor the students are to blame.Neither the students nor the teacher is to blame.學生和老師都不應該受到指責。Not only he but also I like the movie.不光是他，我也喜歡這部電影。cure n.治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治療；糾正，消除（壞習慣）等【典例精析】You cured me completely.你完全治愈了我。Can you cure me of my cough?你能治我

24、的咳嗽嗎？There is no easy cure for high inflation.目前沒有解決高通貨膨脹的良策。The government put forward a program to cure unemployment.政府提出一個解決失業(yè)問題的規(guī)劃。We must take measures to cure childrens bad habits.我們必須采取措施糾正孩子們的壞習慣?！颈嫖鐾卣埂勘嫖觯篶ure與treat的區(qū)別cure意為“治愈”，強調結果，側重“治好”。cure sb. of sth.treat意為“治療”，強調過程，側重“治”。treat sb. fo

25、r sth.【鞏固提高】單項選擇They have discovered a new _ for the disease.A. treatment B. cureC. way D. method 8. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆發(fā)霍亂時，就有大批驚恐的老百姓病死。terrified 過去分詞作定語修飾people，放在名詞的前面故作前置定語?！镜淅觥縝oiled water ( 開水 ) fallen leaves ( 落葉 ) newly arrived g

26、oods ( 新到的貨 ) the risen sun ( 升起的太陽 ) the changed world ( 變了的世界 ) 此處terrified過去分詞做定語，意為“恐懼的；受驚嚇的”。其動詞原形是terrify，意為“使害怕；嚇壞”。be terrified into sth./doing sth.意為“恐嚇某人做某事”。The terrified child ran home.受驚的孩子跑回了家。My son was terrified into crying.我兒子被嚇得哭了起來。every time此處every time用來引導時間狀語從句。時間狀語從句還可以由下列副詞（短

27、語）來引導，如：each time， the first/last time，the moment/minute，immediately，directly，instantly等?！镜淅觥縏he moment I heard the news，I hastened to the spot.我一聽到消息，馬上趕到了出事地點。Each time he came to Beijing，he would call on me. 他每次來北京，總是來看我。Directly the teacher came in，everyone was quiet.老師一進來大家就靜下來了。9. The first

28、suggested that cholera multiplied in the air without reason.第一種看法是霍亂在空氣中無緣無故地繁殖著?！镜淅觥看司渲衧uggest意為“暗示；間接表明”，不使用虛擬語氣。The disorganized meeting suggested bad preparation.混亂的會場表明準備工作很差。The white on her face suggested fear.他蒼白的面容表明他的恐懼?！颈嫖鐾卣埂縮uggest意為“暗示；間接表明”。不能使用虛擬語氣，要用陳述語氣。意為“建議”時，其后的從句要用虛擬語氣，從句中謂語由s

29、hould加動詞原形構成，或跟名詞、動名詞。My mother suggested (my) getting a job in a school.我媽媽建議我在學校找個工作。She suggested we ( should ) leave at once.她建議我們立刻離開?！眷柟烫岣摺繂雾椷x擇( 1 ) I asked the teacher about my result if the exam. She said nothing, but her smile suggested that I _ the exam.A. should pass B. passC. will pass D

30、. had passed( 2 ) - She suggested the experiment _ at once.- OK. Lets start.A. to he done B. be doneC. must do D. is done10. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二種看法是人們在吃飯時把這種病毒引入體內的。absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使專心【典例精析】So many good ideas! Its too much for

31、 me to absorb all at once.這么多好主意!太多了,很難一下完全吸收。The drug is absorbed through the skin.該藥通過皮膚吸收。She was soon absorbed in her book. 她很快就專心看書了?！颈嫖鐾卣埂肯嚓P搭配：absorbed into 吸收be absorbed in 專心于The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.這家大公司漸漸把這些小公司吞并了?！眷柟烫岣摺繂雾椷x擇_ i

32、n thought，he couldnt see me come into his room.A. Absorbed B. AbsorbingC. To be absorbed D. Having absorbed 11. It seemed the war was to be blamed.看來水是罪魁禍首。blame vt.責備；譴責；把歸咎于 n.過失；責備；責難；非難【典例精析】I am ready to take the blame for the mistake.我準備承擔這一錯誤的責任。He always tried to blame other people when thin

33、gs go wrong.出了問題他總試圖怪罪他人。They were not to blame for the accident.他們不應對那次事故承擔責任。Its not fair that you should get the blame.你受到責備是不公平的?！颈嫖鐾卣埂縝e to blame 應對某事承擔責任blame sb. for sth.因某事而受責怪blame sth. on sb./ sth. 把歸咎與某人/某事put/ lay the blame on sb. 認為某人對某事有責任take/ bear the blame for sb. 某人承擔某事的責任【鞏固提高】單項選

34、擇The careless driver is _ for the traffic accident that was happened yesterday.A. to blame B. to be blame C. blaming D. blamed 12. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.下一步，約翰。諾斯調查了這兩條街是的水源。look into 調查，窺視，觀看，向的里面看【典例精析】They set up a committee to look into the mat

35、ter.他們建立了一個委員會去調查這件事?！颈嫖鐾卣埂縇ook的短語Look at 看，查看look after 照看，照管look ahead 向前看；展望未來look back 回頭看；回顧look down upon/on 看下面，俯視；蔑視，看不起look for尋找look forward to 盼望，期待look on 觀看；旁觀look out 向外看；注意，當心，小心，警惕look through 從頭看完，透視；審核，查看look up 查閱（字典，資料）；查詢【鞏固提高】完成句子（1）He _ ( 閱讀了許多期刊 ) before he started the resear

36、ch project.（2）The mayor_ ( 承諾調查其原因 ) to see whether it was designed, or it just happened by accident.（3）_ ( 我的朋友照料我的貓 ) while I was on holiday.13. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.約翰。斯諾馬上叫寬街上驚慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。這樣，水

37、泵就用不成了。astonished 此處是過去分詞的形式的形容詞，用作前置定語14. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.在倫敦的的另一個地區(qū)，他從兩個與寬街爆發(fā)的霍亂有關聯(lián)的死亡病例中又發(fā)現(xiàn)了有力證據。Link to 把與連接；聯(lián)系?！镜淅觥縀vidence has been found linking the group to a series of bomb attacks.

38、已有證據證明該集團與一系列炸彈襲擊有關?！颈嫖鐾卣埂肯嚓P搭配：link A with B 使A和B聯(lián)系起來link up(with) 連接；結合join A to B 把A和B連接（直接相連）connect A with B 通過B與A連接【鞏固提高】We can _ the students _ the school committee through students union.A. link；to B. link；forC. combine；to D. combine；with 15.To prevent this from happening again，John Snow sugg

39、ested that the source of all water supplies be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.為了阻止這種情況再次發(fā)生，約翰斯諾建議所有水源都要經過檢測?！镜淅觥縯o prevent this from happening again在句中作目的狀語，表示的是主語的目的，其邏輯主語通常是句子的主語。To finish the job on time，I worked day and night.為了能按時完成工作，我日夜工作?！颈嫖鐾卣埂縮uggest在此處意為

40、“建議”，其后的賓語從句中謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”，should可省略。He suggested that I (should) get up early tomorrow.他建議我明天早點起床。examine vt.檢查；診察；考察；測驗【典例精析】We have our suitcases examined at the airport.我們的行李在機場都經過了檢查。The doctor examined her stomach.醫(yī)生檢查了她的胃部?！颈嫖鐾卣埂縠xamine, test ,check的區(qū)別examine 是檢查是否出了毛病的意思相當于to see if the

41、re is something wrong.eg. Doctor, i wonder if you can exmine me. check 是核實,核對的意思,相當于to see if it is right or not eg. Look at the sentence on the blackboard and check your own answers. test是檢測 調試的意思,相當于 to see if it can work or to meet the need eg. Before a plane is put into service, it should be tes

42、ted first.【自我測評】. 單詞拼寫（根據句意及所給首字母寫出下列單詞）1.If you fail in the exam, the only person to b_ is yourself. 2.I think AIDS can be d_ in a few years time. 3.The young man is devoted to s_ research in the lab. 4.The government will a_ its economic policies. 5.I didnt catch what you sad. Could you r_ it? 6.W

43、e can not draw a c_ until we have enough analysis. 7.The clever boy a_ all the knowledge the teacher could give him. 8.The baby stopped crying _(立即；馬上) it saw its mother. 9.All the results should be _(分析) carefully before they are made known. 10.That was such a s_ （嚴重的）flood that it swept away every

44、thing in the town. .用所給單詞的正確形式填空1. They were _ (defeat) in the basketball match. 2. The writer was _ (absorb) in his reading that he ignored the bell rang. 3. The watch he gave to me is _ (value). 4. Can you _ (analyse) the sentence for us? 5. Do you know how to prove a new idea in _(science) resear

45、ch. III. 單項選擇1. （09年高考江西卷）_ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars. A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given2. （09年高考北京卷）All of them try to use the power of the work station _ information in a more effective way. A. presentingB. p

46、resentedC. being presentedD. to present3. （09年高考上海卷） Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold4. （09年高考江西卷）It is reported that the police will soon _ the case of two missing children. A. look upon B. look after C.

47、 look into D. look out5. The writer _ his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.A. absorbed B. was absorbed C. was absorbed in D. was absorbing in6. My luggage was _ at the Customs when I entered the country.A. examined B. tested C. observed D. investigated7. （09年高考江西卷） The govern

48、ment plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children. A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced8. He felt that he was _ for the coldness that had grown between them.A. to be blame B. blame C. blamed D. to blame9. （09年高考浙江卷） Practising

49、Chinese kung fu can not only ones strength, but also develop ones character. A bring up B take up C build up D pull up10. （09年高考安徽卷） The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture Aproduced Bbeing producedCto be produced Dhaving been produced IV. 根據提示，翻譯下列句子1. That the skin is often _（

50、暴露在陽光下 ）does harm to health. （expose）2. Who has _ ( 提出了 ) such a good idea? （put）3. After heated discussion _( 他們最終得出了結論 ). （conclusion）4. Whenever you are in classroom，you will find him_ ( 在全神貫注地看書 ). （absorb）5. The new road will _ ( 把這個鎮(zhèn)和其它鎮(zhèn)連接起來 ). ( link ) V. 完形填空Chinese scientists are again beco

51、ming excited about the fact that a large hairy animal may live in central China. Now they hope it wont be too long before they are able to _1_ its existence. Their confidence is the _2_ of a new discovery of the mystery animal in Hubei Province.Ten Chinese _3_, enjoying a holiday in a National Fores

52、t Park, were driving down a road. As their bus turned a corner, the men were suddenly _4_ by what they saw. Three _5_ animals, covered with long black hair, were crossing the road. On seeing the animal, the engineers immediately stopped and _6 _ them. _7_, when they saw how the animals moved through

53、 the forest with great _8 _ and strength, they did not dare to follow any further.The men did not take any _9_. However, scientists are _10_ by the discovery, because the engineers were all very educated people and scientists feel they can _11_ what they described.After the discovery, scientists ret

54、urned to the forest and _12_ some hair and measured footprints. About 20 inches appears to be the animals foot！ Chinese scientists have now set up a special group to exchange information and make a _13_ of the forest. But in the meantime, some people _14_ to believe that this half-man, half-monkey e

55、xists. They will not believe that it is _15_ until one of the animals have been caught.1. A. prove B. analyze C. protect D. check2. A. basis B. requirement C. result D. preparation3. A. travellers B. engineers C. scientists D. explorers4. A. frightened B. amazed C. upset D. inspired5. A. trained B.

56、projected C. tall D. violent6. A. shot at B. looked at C. fought with D. ran after7. A. However B. Indeed C. MeanwhileD. Anyway8. A. difficult B. speed C. care D. pleasure9. A. bullets B. tools C. medicines D. photographs10. A. surprised B. delighted C. disturbed D. supported11. A. rely on B. deal w

57、ith C. write down D. pass on12. A. cut B. pulled C. collected D. tore13. A. film B. tour C. choice D. study14. A. come B. refuse C. prefer D. have15. A. wrong B. alive C. real D. correctSection Learning about LanguageUsing Language1 contribute vt.&vi. 捐獻；貢獻；捐助【典例精析】He contributed 2000 to the Red Cro

58、ss.他捐助了2000英鎊給紅十字會。She often contributes to a newspaper.她經常給一家報紙投稿。She seldom contributes to the discussion. 她在討論中很少發(fā)言?！颈嫖鐾卣埂浚?）contribute .to（ doing ）sth把貢獻給 contribute to（ doing ）sth 有助于，促成（2）contribution作名詞，意為“貢獻；捐贈”。 make a contribution/contributions to ( doing ) sth 對.作出貢獻Would you like to make

59、 a contribution to our funds？你愿意給我們的基金捐些錢嗎？【鞏固提高】單項選擇He _ an article to the China Daily.A. contributed B. owedC. devoted D. wrote 2. Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases.除了上面提到的結構外，你們也必須掌握下面的短語。apart from 除之外；此外【典例精析】Apart from a few scratches，the

60、car was undamaged.除了幾處刮痕外，汽車沒有什么損壞。Apart from being too large, the trousers dont suit me.這條褲子不但太大,而且我穿著也不合適?！颈嫖鐾卣埂客x詞有：except 除外except for 除外besides除此之外；還包括in addition (to) 除之外(還)as well (as) 也；又【鞏固提高】單項選擇The composition is very good _ some spelling mistakes.A. besides B. exceptC. as well D. in addi