經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)名詞、定理、術(shù)語(yǔ)中英對(duì)照

1、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)名詞、定理、術(shù)語(yǔ)中英對(duì)照Paasche price index 裴氏物價(jià)指數(shù)Paid-time 有酬工時(shí)Pair bargaining 配對(duì)談判Paired (or matched) random sampling 成對(duì)的隨機(jī)抽樣法Paired difference 成對(duì)差Paired samples 成對(duì)樣本Paired sampling 成對(duì)抽樣Paired treatments 配對(duì)處理Paired-treatment designs 配對(duì)處理設(shè)計(jì)Panama Canal 巴拿馬運(yùn)河Panel data 方格資料；追蹤數(shù)據(jù)Paper gold 紙金Paper money; Pape

2、r currency 紙幣Papyrus 紙草Par 平價(jià)Par of exchange 匯兌平價(jià)Par value 面值；面額Par value stock 面值股票P(pán)arabola 拋物線函數(shù)式 paradox of value 價(jià)值的矛盾 Paradox of voting 表決的矛盾性 paradox of voting 多數(shù)決的矛盾 Parallel computing 并行計(jì)算 Parallel currency 平行通貨制度 Parallel loan 平行貸款 Parallel Tangents (PARTAN) method 平行正切法 Parallelogram law 平

3、行四邊形法則 Parameter 參數(shù)；母數(shù)Parameter constancy testing 參數(shù)固定性檢定Parameter space 參數(shù)空間Parameter specification errors 參數(shù)設(shè)定誤差Parameter stability 參數(shù)穩(wěn)定性Parameterized linear statistical model 參數(shù)化線性統(tǒng)計(jì)模 型Parametric families of hypotheses 參數(shù)化的假設(shè)家族 Parametric statistics 有母數(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)Parametric survival model 參數(shù)化存活模型Parametr

4、ic tests 參數(shù)檢定Parametrized distribution formulation of uncertainty 不確 定的參數(shù)化分配公式Parent economy 母公司 Parental altruism 父母的利他性 Parental transfers 父母給的移轉(zhuǎn) Pareto criterion 柏拉圖判準(zhǔn) Pareto distribution 柏拉圖分配 Pareto dominance 柏拉圖優(yōu)勢(shì) Pareto efficiency 柏拉圖效率Pareto improving 柏拉圖改善Pareto minimum 柏拉圖最小Pareto multipli

5、er 柏拉圖乘數(shù)Pareto optimality 柏拉圖最適性Pareto optimum 柏拉圖最適Pareto ranked equilibria 柏拉圖排序均衡Pareto ranked strict equilibria 柏拉圖排序的嚴(yán)格均衡 Pareto-irrelevant externality 柏拉圖無(wú)關(guān)的外部性 Pareto-optimality axiom 柏拉圖最適公理Pari passu 平等受償Parity 平價(jià)Parity progression ratio 出生胎次遞進(jìn)率Parsimonious criterion 簡(jiǎn)化準(zhǔn)則Parsimony 簡(jiǎn)化Partial

6、 adjustment model 部分調(diào)整模型Partial autocorrelation 偏自我相關(guān)Partial autocorrelation coefficient 偏自我相關(guān)系數(shù)Partial autocorrelation function (PACF) 偏自我相關(guān)函數(shù)Partial autoregressive matrix 偏自我回歸矩陣Partial coefficient of correlation 偏相關(guān)系數(shù)Partial correlation 偏相關(guān)Partial correlation coefficient 偏相關(guān)系數(shù)Partial equilibrium

7、部份均衡Partial equilibrium analysis 部份均衡分析Partial generalized least squares 偏一般最小平方法Partial integration 部份合一Partial partitioned inverse 部份分割反矩陣Partial process 部份過(guò)程Partial regression coefficient 偏回歸系數(shù)Partial test 個(gè)別測(cè)驗(yàn)Participating loan 聯(lián)貸Participating preferred stock 分紅優(yōu)先股Participation constraint 參與限制Pa

8、rticulate matter 懸浮微粒Partition 分割Partition rule 分割定理Partition set 分割集合Partitioned inverse 分割反矩陣Partitioned matrix 分割矩陣Partitioning methods 分割法partitions of information 訊息分割Partner 工作伙伴Partnership 合伙Part-time employment 半職Parzen window 帕爾森窗口Parzen s CAT criterion 帕爾森 CAT準(zhǔn)則Pascal lag 帕斯卡爾落遲Pascal lagg

9、ed distribution 帕斯卡爾落遲分配Passbook deposit 存折存款Passbook savings deposit 活期儲(chǔ)蓄存款 Passing-on defense 繼承抗辯 Pass-through 轉(zhuǎn)嫁Patent 專利Patent race 專利競(jìng)賽Patent system 專利制度Patents as barrier to entry 專利形成之參進(jìn)障礙 Paternalism 父權(quán)制度Path 路徑Path analysis 徑分析Path dependence 依賴現(xiàn)有路徑Path diagram 徑圖 Pattern of trade 貿(mào)易型態(tài)Paup

10、a labor arguments 貧工論P(yáng)ay for performance 功績(jī)報(bào)酬P(guān)ay-as-you-go social security 隨收隨支制社會(huì)安全 Payback period rule 還本期限法則Payment policies for subjects 受實(shí)驗(yàn)者的償付方式 Payment system 支付系統(tǒng)Payments in kind 實(shí)物報(bào)酬P(guān)ayoff dominance 優(yōu)勢(shì)報(bào)酬 payoff perturbation 報(bào)酬擾動(dòng)Payoff transformations 報(bào)酬轉(zhuǎn)換 Payoffs 報(bào)酬P(guān)ayroll tax 薪資稅 Peak peri

11、od 尖峰期 Peak-load pricing 尖峰定價(jià)法 Peakness 峰度Pearson coefficient of correlation 皮爾生相關(guān)系數(shù) Pearson test 皮爾生卡方檢定Pearson s experimental method 皮爾生試驗(yàn)法 Peasant Agriculture 小農(nóng)農(nóng)業(yè)Peckham rule 帕克漢法則Pecking order 融資順位Pecuniary economies of scale 資金取得的規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì) Pecuniary interest 名目利率Pedal Loom 腳踏織布機(jī) Pegged exchange rat

12、e 釘住匯率 Penalty function 懲罰函數(shù) Penalty rate 懲罰性貼現(xiàn)率 Penetration pricing 滲透訂價(jià) Penny stock 跌破面值股票 Pension 退休金Pension funds 退休基金Pension plans 退休金制Per se illegal 當(dāng)然違法Per se legal 當(dāng)然合法Per se rule 當(dāng)然法則Perceived potential entry theory 認(rèn)知的潛在進(jìn)入障礙理 論P(yáng)ercentile 百分位數(shù) Perfect asset substitutability 資產(chǎn)完全替代 Perfect a

13、ssociation 完全的關(guān)聯(lián)Perfect Bayesian equilibrium 完全貝氏均衡 Perfect capital mobility 資本完全移動(dòng) Perfect compensation 完全賠償 Perfect competition 完全競(jìng)爭(zhēng)Perfect complements technology 完全互補(bǔ)性生產(chǎn)技術(shù) Perfect equilibrium 完全均衡Perfect expectation damage 完全預(yù)期損失 Perfect foresight 完全預(yù)期 perfect information 完備訊息；完全訊息 Perfect multic

14、ollinearity 完全線性重合 Perfect opportunity cost damage 完全機(jī)會(huì)成本損失 Perfect price discrimination 完全差別訂價(jià)；第一級(jí)差別 訂價(jià)Perfect price-location equilibrium 完全價(jià)格區(qū)位均衡 Perfect recall 完全記憶；完整的回憶Perfect substitutes technology 完全替代性生產(chǎn)技術(shù) Perfect-foresight equilibrium 完全預(yù)期均衡 Perfect-information judgment 完全信息判斷 Perfectly dis

15、criminatory pricing 完全差別定價(jià) Perfectly inequality 完全不均勻Performance 績(jī)效 Performance excuse 免除履行責(zé)任 Performance measures 績(jī)效衡量 Period analysis 期間分析 Periodicity 周期性 Periodogram 周期圖 Periphery 邊陲Permanent income hypothesis 恒常所得假設(shè) Permutation matrix 排列矩陣 Permutation test 排列檢定 Perpetuity 永續(xù)年金Person coefficient

16、皮爾生系數(shù) Personal income tax 個(gè)人所得稅 Personal interview 訪問(wèn)調(diào)查 Personal-prejudice models 個(gè)人偏見(jiàn)模型 Personnel administration 人事管理 persuasive advertising 說(shuō)服性廣告 Perturbation technique 擾動(dòng)技術(shù) Petrodollars 石油美元 Phase spectrum 譜相圖 Phillips curve 菲利普曲線 Phoenicians 腓尼基人 Phonograph 留聲機(jī) Photography 照相術(shù)Physical layout of

17、laboratory 實(shí)驗(yàn)室的實(shí)物擺設(shè)Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI) 生活質(zhì)量指針 Physician markets 醫(yī)師市場(chǎng)Physician visits 門(mén)診Physician-induced demand 醫(yī)師誘發(fā)需求 Physiocracy 重農(nóng)主義Physiocrats 重農(nóng)學(xué)派Picketing 罷工糾察隊(duì)Pictographs 象形文字Pie chart; pie diagram (派)餅狀圖 Piece wage 計(jì)件工資 Piece-rate pay 計(jì)件報(bào)酬P(guān)iecewise exponential hazard model

18、逐段對(duì)數(shù)危險(xiǎn)模型 Piecewise regression 逐段回歸Piecewise regression model 逐段回歸模型 Piecewise-constant hazard model 逐段固定危險(xiǎn)模型 Pig Iron 生鐵Pigou effect 皮古效果Pigouvian tax 皮古稅Pilot experiments 先導(dǎo)實(shí)驗(yàn)Piracy 海盜；海盜行為Pitman drift 皮得曼漂浮項(xiàng)Pittsburgh plus systems 匹茲堡加成制度Pivot 支點(diǎn)；樞軸Place utility 地域效用Placement 安置就業(yè)Plain vanilla swa

19、p; Interest rate swap 利率交換契約Plaintiff 原告Planned Economies 計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)Plantation 大型栽培農(nóng)場(chǎng)Plant-specific economies 工場(chǎng)別經(jīng)濟(jì)Plastic 塑料Plastic money 塑料貨幣Platkurtosis 低闊峰Platykurtic 平闊峰Player 對(duì)局者；賽者Plea bargaining 認(rèn)罪協(xié)商Plim 機(jī)率極限Plow 犁Pluralism 多元化主義Plurarity 高票決Poincare inequality 彭可瑞不等式Point binomial distribution 點(diǎn)二

20、項(xiàng)分配Point elasticity 點(diǎn)彈性Point estimate 點(diǎn)估計(jì)值Point estimation 點(diǎn)估計(jì)Point forecast 點(diǎn)預(yù)測(cè)Point-of-sale (POS) payments system 銷(xiāo)售點(diǎn)支付系統(tǒng) Poison Pill 毒藥政策Poisson distribution 卜瓦松分配Poisson panel data regression 卜瓦松經(jīng)緯資料回歸Poisson process 卜瓦松隨機(jī)過(guò)程Poisson random sample 卜瓦松隨機(jī)變數(shù)Policy accountability 政策責(zé)任歸屬Policy credibil

21、ity 政策可信度Policy ineffectiveness theorem 政策無(wú)效論P(yáng)olicy mix 混合政策Policy reform 政策改革Policy trade-off 政策權(quán)衡；政策取舍Political business cycle 政治景氣循環(huán)Political economy 政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)Political economy of trade 貿(mào)易的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)Political immigrants 政治性移民Political preference function 政策偏好函數(shù)Political pressures 政治壓力Poll tax 人頭稅Polling an

22、d survey techniques 民意測(cè)驗(yàn)與問(wèn)卷調(diào)查方法Pollutant mix 污染物組合Pollution 污染Pollution abatement 污染防治Pollution control 污染控制Pollution control costs 污染管制成本Pollution control economic incentives 污染管制之經(jīng)濟(jì)誘 因Pollution control policy 污染管制政策Pollution control, economics of 污染管制經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)Pollution license 污染許可證Pollution permit mark

23、et 污染許可市場(chǎng)Polycentric Cities 多中心城市Polygon 多邊形圖Polynomial 多項(xiàng)式Polynomial distributed lag 多項(xiàng)分配落遲Polynomial lags 多項(xiàng)落遲Polynomial spline lag 多項(xiàng)式弧狀落遲Polytechnics 科技專科學(xué)校Ponzi scheme; Pyramid scheme 老鼠會(huì)；金字塔騙局Pooled cross-section time series sample 混合橫斷面與時(shí) 間數(shù)列樣本Pooled sample proportion 混合的樣本比例Pooled sample var

24、iance 混合的樣本變異數(shù)Pooling data 混合資料Pooling equilibrium 混和均衡Poor Law 濟(jì)貧法Population 人口Population 母體Population adverse selection 人口反淘汰Population carrying capacity 人口負(fù)載能力Population coefficient of determination 母體判定系數(shù)Population coefficient of multiple determination 母體多元判定系數(shù)Population cross moments 母體的交叉動(dòng)差Pop

25、ulation density 人口密度Population distribution 母體分配Population explosion 人口爆炸Population gravity 人口重心Population Growth 人口成長(zhǎng)Population Growth Rate 人口成長(zhǎng)率Population mean 母體平均數(shù)Population parameter 母體參數(shù)Population policy 人口政策Population pressure 人口壓力Population proportion 母體比例Population pyramid 人口金字塔Population r

26、egression coefficient 母體回歸系數(shù)Population regression line 母體回歸線Population regression model 母體回歸模型Population regression parameters 母體回歸參數(shù)Population regression plane 母體回歸平面Population regression variance 母體回歸變異數(shù)Population regulation 人口節(jié)制Population standardized regression coefficient 母體之標(biāo) 準(zhǔn)偏差化回歸系數(shù)Populatio

27、n variance 母體變異數(shù)Population-Poverty Cycle 人口貧窮循環(huán)Portfolio 資產(chǎn)組合Portfolio diversification 資產(chǎn)組合多樣化Portfolio efficiency frontier 資產(chǎn)組合效率前緣Portfolio insurance 資產(chǎn)組合保險(xiǎn)投資策略Portfolio-balance approach 資產(chǎn)平衡分析法Portmanteau test 便利的檢定Portmanteau test for residuals 殘差的簡(jiǎn)便利檢定Position traders 部位交易者Positive 實(shí)是性；唯真的Posit

28、ive checks 積極的抑制Positive definite 正定的Positive definite matrices 正定矩陣Positive definite matrix 正肯定對(duì)稱矩陣Positive definite symmetric matrix 正定對(duì)稱矩陣Positive duration dependence 正期間相依性Positive economics 實(shí)證經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)Positive semidefinite matrices 正半定矩陣Positive semidefinite matrix 半正定矩陣Positive-part Stein-rule estim

29、ator 正部史坦法則估計(jì)Positive-rule estimator 正部法則估計(jì)Positive-rule variant 正部法則變動(dòng)Post hoc ergo propter hoc 隨之故由之Post hoc fallacy 因果謬誤Postal savings system 郵政儲(chǔ)金制度Post-dated check 遠(yuǎn)期支票P(pán)osted-bid auction 公告式拍賣(mài)Posted-offer auction 競(jìng)價(jià)公告式的拍賣(mài)Posted-offer monopoly 競(jìng)價(jià)公告獨(dú)占者Posterior density function 事后密度函數(shù)Posterior dis

30、tribution 事后機(jī)率分配Posterior expected loss 事后預(yù)期損失Posterior information 事后情報(bào)Posterior mean 事后均數(shù)Posterior median 事后中位數(shù)Posterior odds probability 事后機(jī)率Post-Keynesian economics 后凱因斯主義Postulation approach 假定方法Potential competition 潛在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)Potential monopoly power 潛在獨(dú)占力量Potential Pareto improvement 潛在柏拉圖改善Poverty

31、 貧窮Poverty Gap 貧窮缺口Poverty level 貧窮水平Poverty line 貧窮線Poverty measurement 貧窮測(cè)度Poverty-Weighted Index 貧窮加權(quán)指數(shù)Power (1- ) 檢定力Power curve 檢力曲線Power function 檢力函數(shù)Power loom 動(dòng)力織布機(jī)Power of test 檢力函數(shù)Power series approximation 冪級(jí)數(shù)逼近Power series expansion 冪級(jí)數(shù)擴(kuò)展Power spectrum 冪次譜相Power transfer function 轉(zhuǎn)換函數(shù)檢力P

32、ower-of-attorney account 授權(quán)賬戶Practical effluent fee (PEF) 實(shí)際排放費(fèi)Practical transferable permit (PTP) 實(shí)際排放可轉(zhuǎn)換許可 證Prais-Winsten estimator 沛斯溫土頓估計(jì)式Prebisch-Singer Thesis 普畢許辛格論點(diǎn)Precautionary motive 預(yù)防性動(dòng)機(jī)Precedent 判例Precise estimation 估計(jì)精度Precise observations 觀察精度Precision 精確度Precision matrix 精確度矩陣Precons

33、piracy 意圖共謀Predactory pricing 掠奪性訂價(jià)Predation 掠奪Predatory pricing 掠奪性定價(jià)Predetermined variable 先決變數(shù)Predict 預(yù)測(cè)Prediction criterion 預(yù)測(cè)準(zhǔn)則Prediction error 預(yù)測(cè)誤差Prediction function 預(yù)測(cè)函數(shù)Predictive density function 預(yù)測(cè)密度函數(shù)Predictive stochastic complexity 預(yù)測(cè)隨機(jī)復(fù)雜度 Predictor space 預(yù)測(cè)空間Preemption 搶先Preemptive righ

34、t 優(yōu)先認(rèn)股權(quán)Preference 偏好Preference revelation 偏好顯現(xiàn)Preference reversals 偏好逆轉(zhuǎn)Preferential duty 優(yōu)惠關(guān)稅Preferential rate 優(yōu)惠率Preferential routing 優(yōu)先安排Preferential system 優(yōu)惠制度Preferential tariff 優(yōu)惠關(guān)稅Preferential trading agreements 優(yōu)惠貿(mào)易協(xié)議Preferred habitat hypothesis of the term structure 期限結(jié) 構(gòu)的棲息所假設(shè)Preferred sto

35、ck 優(yōu)先股Pregame cheap talk 賽前閑聊Pregame communication 賽前溝通Pre-Industrial 工業(yè)革命以前Pre-Industrial Model of Production 工業(yè)革命以前的生產(chǎn) 模式Pre-Industrial Modernization 工業(yè)革命以前的現(xiàn)代化 Preliminary transformations 初步轉(zhuǎn)換Preliminary-test estimator 初步檢定估計(jì)Premarket discrimination 市場(chǎng)前歧視Premature convergence 早熟收斂Premium 貼水；保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)Pr

36、emium on capital stock 股本溢價(jià)Prepackaged bankruptcy 事先整裝倒閉Pre-play negotiation 賽前磋商 Preponderance-of-the- evidence 證據(jù)確鑿 Pre-sample disturbances 事前樣本干擾Prescription Acts 處方法案Prescription drugs 處方藥品Prescriptive regulations 規(guī)定性管制 present goods 現(xiàn)在財(cái) Present value (PV) 現(xiàn)值Present value of net benefits (PVNB)

37、凈效益的現(xiàn)值 Present-orientation 現(xiàn)實(shí)導(dǎo)向Presumptive taxation 推定課稅Pre-test 預(yù)先檢定Pre-test estimator 預(yù)先檢定估計(jì)式Pretrial 審判前的發(fā)現(xiàn)程序 Prevention of pollution 預(yù)防污染 Preventive check 預(yù)防的抑制Pre-white 漂白Pre-whitened input series 事先白化投入序列Price 價(jià)格Price approach 價(jià)格法；定價(jià)取向Price cap regulation 價(jià)格上限管制Price ceilings 價(jià)格上限Price coeffic

38、ient 價(jià)格系數(shù)Price competition 價(jià)格競(jìng)爭(zhēng)Price discrimination 價(jià)格歧視；差別取價(jià)Price elasticity 價(jià)格彈性Price elasticity of demand 價(jià)格需求彈性Price elasticity of substitution 價(jià)格替代彈性Price fixing 價(jià)格固定Price fixing agreement 統(tǒng)一訂價(jià)協(xié)議Price fixing conspiracies 統(tǒng)一訂價(jià)共謀Price floor 價(jià)格下限Price gain 價(jià)格利得Price game 價(jià)格賽局Price index 物價(jià)指數(shù)Price

39、indices 價(jià)格指數(shù)Price inflexibility 價(jià)格無(wú)彈性Price information feedback 價(jià)格信息的回饋效果Price leadership 價(jià)格領(lǐng)導(dǎo)Price level 物價(jià)水平Price line 價(jià)格線Price lining 價(jià)格底限Price list auction 價(jià)格目錄式拍賣(mài)Price mechanism 價(jià)格機(jī)能Price policy 價(jià)格政策Price protection plans 價(jià)格保護(hù)計(jì)劃Price revolution 價(jià)格革命Price revolution in Europe 歐洲的價(jià)格革命Price rigidi

40、ty 價(jià)格僵固Price scissors 價(jià)格剪Price searcher 尋價(jià)者Price sensitivity index 價(jià)格敏感度指數(shù)Price signals 價(jià)格信號(hào)Price Specie Flow Mechanism 物價(jià)與黃金流動(dòng)機(jī)能 Price squeeze 價(jià)格壓榨Price support 價(jià)格支持Price surface 價(jià)格曲面Price system 價(jià)格制度Price taker 價(jià)格接受者Price theory 價(jià)格理論P(yáng)rice war 價(jià)格戰(zhàn)Price-choosing behavior 價(jià)格選擇行為Price-cost margin 價(jià)格成本

41、差距Price-location equilibrium 價(jià)格區(qū)位均衡 Price-quantity schedule 價(jià)量表Price-specie-flow mechanism 物價(jià)與現(xiàn)金流量機(jī)能 Price-taking behavior 價(jià)格接受行為 Price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio 本益比Pricing 定價(jià)Pricing efficiency 價(jià)格效率Primal-Dual Inequality 原對(duì)偶不等式Primary care 基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)療Primary data; raw data 初級(jí)資料；原始資料 Primary deposit 自發(fā)性存款；原始存

42、款 Primary education 初等教育Primary market 初級(jí)市場(chǎng) Primary reserve 第一準(zhǔn)備Primary sector 農(nóng)業(yè)；第一級(jí)產(chǎn)業(yè)Primary standards 主要標(biāo)準(zhǔn) Primary-line injury 主要傷害 Prime rate; Base rate 基本利率Principal 本金Principal component 主成份Principal components analysis 主成份分析 Principal components regression 主成份回歸 Principal-agent problem 委托人代理人

43、問(wèn)題 Principal-agent theory 當(dāng)事人代理人理論 Principle of minimum differentiation 最小差異原則 Principle of neutrality 中性原則 principle of revealed preference 顯示偏好原理 Principle of tax administration 稅務(wù)行政法則 Principle of taxation 課稅原則Principle-agent relationship 當(dāng)事人代理人關(guān)系 Principle-agent theory 當(dāng)事人代理人理論 Prior conditional

44、 variance 事前機(jī)率條件變異數(shù) Prior density 事前密度Prior distribution 事前機(jī)率分配Prior information 事前訊息Prior odds 事前勝率Prior probability 事前機(jī)率；先驗(yàn)機(jī)率Priori information 事前情報(bào)Priori restrictions 事前限制 Priority of re-employment 優(yōu)先召回 Prisoner s Dilemma Game 囚犯兩難賽局 Prisoners dilemma 囚犯兩難Privacy 隱私Private 私人的Private antitrust su

45、it 私人反托拉斯訴訟Private banking 個(gè)人服務(wù)銀行業(yè)Private cost 私人成本Private goods 私有財(cái)Private information 私有訊息Private issue 非公開(kāi)發(fā)行Private lebel products 私人標(biāo)記產(chǎn)品Private marginal benefit 私人邊際利益Private marginal cost 私人邊際成本Private marginal welfare 私人邊際福利Private Ownership 私人所有權(quán)Private placement 私下募集Private Property 私有財(cái)產(chǎn)Priv

46、ate sector union wage 私部門(mén)工會(huì)工資Private total welfare 私人總福利Private value 私人價(jià)值Private value auction models 私人價(jià)值拍賣(mài)模型Private value auctions 私人價(jià)值拍賣(mài)Private workout 私下和解Privatization 民營(yíng)化Probabilistic model 機(jī)率模型Probability 機(jī)率Probability assessment 機(jī)率估測(cè)Probability density function 機(jī)率密度函數(shù) probability distributi

47、on 機(jī)率分配Probability distribution table 機(jī)率分配表Probability elicitation 機(jī)率引出Probability function 機(jī)率函數(shù)Probability histogram 機(jī)率直方圖Probability judgment 機(jī)率判定Probability limit (Plim) 機(jī)率極限Probability mass 機(jī)率質(zhì)量Probability mass function 機(jī)率質(zhì)量函數(shù)Probability matching 機(jī)率撮合Probability sampling 機(jī)率抽樣Probability term 機(jī)率因

48、素Probationary period 緩刑期間Probit 常態(tài)機(jī)率Probit model 常態(tài)機(jī)率模型Probit transformation 常態(tài)機(jī)率轉(zhuǎn)換Problem of adjustment 調(diào)整問(wèn)題Problems of multicollinearity 線性重合的問(wèn)題Procedural unconscionability 程序不正當(dāng)Process 過(guò)程Process innovation 制程創(chuàng)新Process with independent increments 獨(dú)立增量過(guò)程Process with stationary increments 平穩(wěn)(恒定)性增量

49、過(guò)程Procurement 采購(gòu)；收購(gòu)；取得Procurement contracts 采購(gòu)契約Procurement regulation 采購(gòu)管制Producer prices 生產(chǎn)者價(jià)格Producer tax 產(chǎn)品稅Producer s surplus 生產(chǎn)者剩余Producers 生產(chǎn)者Product bulk 產(chǎn)品大小Product charge 產(chǎn)品收費(fèi)Product compatibility 產(chǎn)品兼容性Product cycle 產(chǎn)品周期Product delineation 產(chǎn)品界定Product differentiation 產(chǎn)品差異化Product dimension

50、 產(chǎn)品層次Product diversification 產(chǎn)品多角化Product extension mergers 產(chǎn)品擴(kuò)充結(jié)合Product group 產(chǎn)品群Product innovation 產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新Product Liability Law 產(chǎn)品責(zé)任法Product market definition 產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)定義Product proliferation 產(chǎn)品增殖Product quality 產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量Product selection 產(chǎn)品選擇Product space 產(chǎn)品空間Product standardization 產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化Product variety 產(chǎn)品多樣

51、化Product-cycle model 產(chǎn)品周期模型Product-cycle theorem 產(chǎn)品循環(huán)論P(yáng)roduction 生產(chǎn)Production efficiency 生產(chǎn)效率Production externalities 生產(chǎn)外部性Production function 生產(chǎn)函數(shù)Production possibilities frontier (PPF) 生產(chǎn)可能線Production possibilities set 生產(chǎn)可能集合Production possibility curve (PPC) 生產(chǎn)可能線Production techniques 生產(chǎn)技術(shù)Product

52、ive efficiency 生產(chǎn)效率Productivity bargaining 生產(chǎn)力議價(jià)Productivity offset factor (X factor ) 生產(chǎn)力抵減因子Product-market competition 產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)Product-market decision 產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)決策Product-market incentives 產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)誘因 Product-possibility sets 產(chǎn)品可能組合Products liability 商品制作責(zé)任Product-specific economies 產(chǎn)品別經(jīng)濟(jì)Product-specific servi

53、ces 特定產(chǎn)品服務(wù)Profit 利潤(rùn)Profit margin 利潤(rùn)率Profit maximization 利潤(rùn)極大化Profit tax 利潤(rùn)稅Profit theory 利潤(rùn)說(shuō)Profitability 獲利力Profit-concentration relationships 利潤(rùn)集中度關(guān)連Profit-level regulation 利潤(rùn)水平管制Profit-maximization hypothesis 利潤(rùn)極大化假說(shuō) Profits 利潤(rùn)Profits maximization 追求利潤(rùn)最大Profit-sharing plans 利潤(rùn)分享制 Prognosis 事前預(yù)測(cè) P

54、rogram trading 程序交易 Progressive tax 累進(jìn)稅 Progressiveness 進(jìn)步 Prohibition 禁止Prohibitive duty 寓禁關(guān)稅 Prohibitive tariff 寓禁關(guān)稅 Project appraisal 計(jì)劃評(píng)估 Projection theorem 投影定理 Projective methods 投影方法 Proletarian 普羅階級(jí)；無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí) Promissory bank note 銀行本票 Promissory note 本票 Promotion 升遷Promotion tournaments 升遷競(jìng)賽 Prom

55、otional allowance 促銷(xiāo)折讓 Pronatalist policy 鼓勵(lì)生育政策 Propensity to import 輸入傾向 Proper equilibrium 正均衡 Proper scoring rule 適當(dāng)?shù)梅址▌t proper subgame 正規(guī)式子賽局；正子賽局 Property right 財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán) Property rule 財(cái)產(chǎn)法則 Property tax 財(cái)產(chǎn)稅 Property value 房地產(chǎn)價(jià)值 Proportinate selection 比例性篩定 Proportional hazards model 比例危險(xiǎn)模型；比例轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)模 型Pr

56、oportional tax 比例稅 Proposition 前提；建議 Proprietorship 獨(dú)資Prospective payment system (PPS) 前瞻性支付制度 Prospectus 募股公開(kāi)說(shuō)明書(shū)Protection forest 保安林 Protectionism 保護(hù)主義 Protectionist 保護(hù)主義者 Protective duty 保護(hù)關(guān)稅Protective labor laws 勞工保護(hù)法 Protective tariff 保護(hù)性關(guān)稅Protestant ethic 新教倫理 Proto-Factories 原始工廠 Proto-Indust

57、rialization 原始工業(yè)化 Provident fund 公積金 Provider 醫(yī)療服務(wù)提供商 Proximate cause 近似原因 Proxy 投票委托書(shū)；代理人 Proxy fights 委托書(shū)爭(zhēng)奪戰(zhàn) Proxy statement 投票委托書(shū)Proxy variables 代理變量Pseudo 虛擬的；建構(gòu)的Pseudo likelihood 擬（建構(gòu)）的概似Pseudo maximum likelihood equations 擬（建構(gòu)） 的最大 概方程式Pseudo panel 擬方格Pseudo-true model 擬（建構(gòu)）的真模型Psychic costs 心

58、理成本 Psychological pricing 心理定價(jià)法 Psychology of education 教育心理學(xué) Public （sector） unions 公部門(mén)工會(huì) Public bads 公害Public choice 公共選擇Public choice theory 公共選擇理論P(yáng)ublic consumption goods 公共消費(fèi)財(cái)Public debt 公債public decisions 公共決策Public economics 公共經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)Public economy 公經(jīng)濟(jì)Public enforcement of antitrust law 反托拉斯法的公共執(zhí)

59、 行Public enterprise 公營(yíng)事業(yè)Public expenditure 公共支出Public facility 公共設(shè)施Public fund 公共基金Public good 公共財(cái)Public good contribution experiments 公共財(cái)捐獻(xiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)Public goods 公共財(cái)Public goods experiments 公共財(cái)實(shí)驗(yàn)Public goods game 公共財(cái)賽局Public housing 國(guó)民住宅Public interest 公共利益Public interest theory 公共利益理論P(yáng)ublic intermediate g

60、oods 公共中間財(cái)Public issue 公開(kāi)發(fā)行Public Libraries Act 公共圖書(shū)館法案Public nuisance 公眾厭惡的事物Public ownership 公共所有權(quán)Public policy 公共政策Public production 公家生產(chǎn)Public provision 公家提供Public regulation 公共管制Public revenue 公共收入Public schools 公立學(xué)校Public sector 公部門(mén)Public sector pricing 公部門(mén)定價(jià)法Public utilities 公用事業(yè)Public Utilit