高中英語 PygmalionGrammar課件 新人教選修8

1、2021/8/11 星期三1Grammar2021/8/11 星期三2 The past participle as the Attribute Predicative and the object complement.過去分詞充當(dāng)定語、表語和賓語補(bǔ)足語。 作用與用法： 過去分詞(表示完成和被動的動作)具有形容詞、副詞的作用,在句中可以用作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語,但不能單獨構(gòu)成謂語。2021/8/11 星期三3 定語 過去分詞作定語,表示分詞動作與所修飾的名詞之間存在被動關(guān)系。單一的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞之前;過去分詞短語作定語放在被修飾之后,過去分詞及過去分詞短語作定語均

2、可以轉(zhuǎn)換為一個定語從句。2021/8/11 星期三4如: The broken window (=The window which was broken) will be replaced soon. 破損的窗戶很快就會被換掉。 The books bought yesterday (which were bought yesterday ) are of high quality. 昨天買的書確實很不錯。2021/8/11 星期三5 表語 過去分詞作表語, 表示主語的狀態(tài), 且該狀態(tài)通常是由外界因素引起的。這時過去分詞可以被看作一個形容詞, 是形容詞化的過去分詞。如: Im interest

3、ed in reading novels written by Jin Yong. 我對金庸寫的小說很感興趣。2021/8/11 星期三6 賓語補(bǔ)足語 作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞一般是及物動詞,和賓語有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。可以帶過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有: A. see, hear, watch, feel, think ,find 等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞。 We found her greatly changed. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)她變了很多。2021/8/11 星期三7B. make, get, have, help, leave 等表示“致使”意義的動詞 What made them so fr

4、ightened?C. like, want, wish, order 等表示“希望、要求”等意義的動詞 He wont like such questions discussed at the meeting. 他不想讓這樣的問題在會上討論。2021/8/11 星期三8 現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別: 定語中 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語常表示“動作正在進(jìn)行”,此時或當(dāng)時的狀態(tài)等;過去分詞則常表示“動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞的動作前”等;被修飾的名詞一般是現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語,是過去分詞的邏輯賓語。2021/8/11 星期三9如: I know the man standing there. 我認(rèn)識站在那兒的那個人。

5、Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活動嗎？2021/8/11 星期三10 表語 現(xiàn)在分詞作表語,具有主動的含義,意味著“起這種作用”;而過去分詞作表語具有被動含義, 意味著“受這種影響”。如: The work was tiring. 這項工作挺累人的。 The worker were soon tired. 工人們很快就感到累了。2021/8/11 星期三11注意: 作表語的過去分詞表示狀態(tài),構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)的過去分詞表示動作:The book is well written. (表語)The book was written by a so

6、ldier. (被動語態(tài))2021/8/11 星期三12 賓語補(bǔ)足語 現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語,被補(bǔ)足的賓語或主語是它的邏輯主語(即主動關(guān)系);過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語,被補(bǔ)足的賓語或主語是它的邏輯賓語(即被動關(guān)系)。如: I heard someone calling me. I heard my name called. 我聽見有人喊我。2021/8/11 星期三13配套練習(xí)2021/8/11 星期三141. _ (污染的)air and water are harmful to peoples health.2. The problem _ (在會議上討論的) yesterday was very di

7、fficult to solve.Polluteddiscussed at the meeting完成句子。2021/8/11 星期三153. He became _ (興奮) when he heard he had won the first place in the competition.4. I am _ (感興趣) in the story.5. I havent got the film _ (沖洗)yet.6. Do you know the man _ (站) beside the door?excitedinteresteddevelopedstanding2021/8/1

8、1 星期三16單句改錯7. A breaking cup is lying on the floor. breaking改為broken 8. The meeting holds yesterday was very important. holds改為held 2021/8/11 星期三179. When I entered the room. I found Mary seating beside my mother. seating改為seated10. When they woke up , they found the world outside completely changin

9、g. changing改為changed2021/8/11 星期三1811. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home_. A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted 單項填空2021/8/11 星期三1912. You can make yourself _ in English pretty well if you keep on speaking the language. A. understand B. understan

10、ding C. to understand D. understood2021/8/11 星期三2013. He tried to _ in Japanese. A. understand himself B. make himself understanding C. make himself understood D. make to understand2021/8/11 星期三2114. -How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? -The key _the problem

11、is to meet the demand _ by the customers. A. to solving; making B. to solving ; made C. to solve; making D. to solve; made2021/8/11 星期三2215. You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it _ often enough. A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained 2021/8/11 星期三2316. He glanced o

12、ver at her, _ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. A. having noted B. noted C. to note D. noting2021/8/11 星期三2417. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing2021/8/11 星期三2518. Sarah, h

13、urry up. Im afraid you wont have time to _before the party. A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change2021/8/11 星期三2619. The disc digitally _in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded 2021/8/11 星期三2720. T

14、he flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt2021/8/11 星期三28(3) 過去分詞短語作狀語 過去分詞作狀語可表示時間、地點、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨等意義。這種過去分詞狀語相當(dāng)于于一個時間、地點、原因、條件、讓步等狀語從句, 若過去分詞作狀語,句子的主語與分詞所表示的動作構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系, 即是該分詞動作的承受者。2021/8/11 星期三291. 過去分詞作原因狀語

15、Greatly moved by the film, they all cried. 他們看了那部電影深受感動, 都哭了。 Surrounded by a group of young people, the old man felt happy. 身邊圍著一群年輕人, 老人感到很高興。 2021/8/11 星期三302.過去分詞作狀語, 表示伴隨情況或方式。 The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs. 訓(xùn)練員出現(xiàn)了，后面跟著六條小狗。 He walked up and down the room, lost in thought. 他

16、在屋子時走來走去，陷入了沉思。 Filled with extraordinary strength, he raised himself. 他使出全身的力氣站了起來。 2021/8/11 星期三31 3.過去分詞作狀語, 還可以表示: Given much time, we could do it better.（條件） 多給點時間的話，我們會做得更好。 When heated, ice can be changed into water.（時間） 冰加熱時變成水。 2021/8/11 星期三32 過去分詞作狀語與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的區(qū)別在于: 過去分詞與句子主語構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系, 而現(xiàn)在分詞與句子

17、主語構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系。 Seeing in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose. Seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.提示:2021/8/11 星期三331. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose配套練習(xí)動詞-ing或

18、過去分詞作狀語, 其邏輯主語應(yīng)是主句主語。2021/8/11 星期三342. If _ the same treatment again, hes sure to get well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given2021/8/11 星期三35 3. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding 析: 正確答案為 C

19、 項。哈佛大學(xué)是1636 年被建的, 所以該空應(yīng)填過去分詞 Founded 作狀語。 2021/8/11 星期三364. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared2021/8/11 星期三375. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D

20、. Given6. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed2021/8/11 星期三387. Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited2021/8/11 星期三398. When _, the museum

21、will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 析：正確答案為 A 項。博物館是被完工的, 所以該空應(yīng)填過去分詞completed 作狀語。2021/8/11 星期三409. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 析：正確答案為 D 項

22、。分析語境邏輯可知，該空含義為“(這研究)一旦被開始”，因此應(yīng)填過去分詞 begun作狀語。2021/8/11 星期三4110. _ more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given 析: 正確答案為 A 項。語境告訴我們“樹是被給予關(guān)心的”, 因此該空應(yīng)填過去分詞 given作狀語。2021/8/11 星期三4211._for his expert advice, Holmes was able to help a great number of p

23、eople with their personal affairs. A. He was known B. Well known C. Having known D. Been known2021/8/11 星期三43用括號中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. The teach buildings _ (build) in 1960 need repairing.2. I found my school bag _ (leave) in Marys room.builtleft2021/8/11 星期三443._ (give) more time, Ill finish my work on tim

24、e.4. Compared with _ (develop) countries, we still have a long way to go.5. The English teacher entered the room, _ (follow) by his students.Givendevelopedfollowed2021/8/11 星期三45( )1. _ more attention, the tree could have grown better. (90全國) A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given.( )2. The c

25、omputer center, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school(93全國)A. open B. openingC. having opened D. openedAD高考鏈接2021/8/11 星期三46( )3. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (01全國夏) A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered A(

26、 )4. The researcher is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. (02全國) A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begunD2021/8/11 星期三47( )5. Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.(03上海春)A. invited B. invitingC. being invited D. having invitedA( )6. Friendship

27、is like money: easiermade than _. (03北京)A. kept B. to be kept C. keeping D. having keptA2021/8/11 星期三48( )7. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. (03北京春)A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring( )8. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. (03北京) A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given AD2021/8/11 星期三49( )