燒燙傷的程度劃分-中英文

1、燒燙傷的程度劃分I度燒燙傷紅斑性燒傷：傷及皮膚表皮，表現(xiàn)為受傷處皮膚輕度紅、腫、熱、痛，感覺過敏，無水泡 ；3-7天愈合，不留瘢痕。二、1淺II度燒燙傷水皰性燒傷：傷及真皮乳頭層，水皰較大，皰壁厚，基地潮濕，表現(xiàn)為受傷處皮膚 疼痛劇烈、感覺過敏，有水泡 ；水泡撥離后可見創(chuàng)面均勻發(fā)紅、潮濕、水腫明顯；2周愈合，不留瘢痕，可有色素沉著。2.深I(lǐng)I度燒燙傷：傷及真皮深層，創(chuàng)面水皰較小、皰壁厚，去皮后基地紅白相間，可見網(wǎng)狀血管栓塞。表現(xiàn)為受傷皮膚痛覺較遲鈍，可有或無水泡，基底蒼白，間有紅色斑點；拔毛時可感覺疼痛；3-4周痊愈，留有瘢痕。三、III度燒燙傷焦痂性燒傷：傷及皮膚全層，達肌肉或骨骼層，皮膚感

2、覺消失，無彈性，干燥，無水泡， 蠟白、焦黃或碳化；拔毛時無疼痛。嚴重的燒傷不僅損傷皮膚，還可深達肌肉、骨骼甚至引起全身變化如休克感 染等。愈合慢，愈合后疤痕增生。Burn ClassificationNote: The list below shows 4 burn degrees. While most of the public does not recognize the 4 th degree, it is the correct term. The table below, with 3 degrees, is also correct. Both are acceptable.De

3、termining burn depth is important. Things to consider are temperature, mechanism, duration of contact, blood flow to skin, and anatomic location. Epidermal depth varies with body surface, which can offer varying degrees of thermal protection. Older adults and young children also have thinner skin.Fi

4、rst degree:Includes only the outer layer of skin, the epidermisSkin is usually red and very painfulEquivalent to superficial sunburn without blistersDry in appearanceHealing occurs in 3-5 days, injured epithelium peels away from the healthy skinHospitalization is for pain control and maybe fluid imb

5、alanceSecond degree: Can be classified as partial or full thickness.Partial thicknessBlisters can be presentInvolve the entire epidermis and upper layers of the dermisWound will be pink, red in color, painful and wet appearingWound will blanch when pressure is appliedShould heal in several weeks (10

6、-21 days) without grafting , scarring is usually minimalFull thicknessCan be red or white in appearance, but will appear dry.Involves the destruction of the entire epidermis and most of the dermisSensation can be present, but diminishedBlanching is sluggish or absentFull thickness will most likely n

7、eed excision & skin grafting to healThird degree:All layers of the skin are destroyedExtends into the subcutaneous tissuesAreas can appear, black or white and will be dryCan appear leathery in textureWill not blanch when pressure is appliedNo painFouth degree: Full thickness that extends into muscle

8、 and bone.FirstSecond(Superficial or Deep)Third (Full Thickness)Depth now deep the turn國EpitheliumEpithelium ana top aspects of 1tie dermisEpithelium and dermisHow the wound looksNo blisters：; dry pinkMoist oozing blisters: Moist, white, pink to redLeather/. Cry, ro elasticity: ciianed appearanceCau

9、sesSuntjum, scald, flasti flameScalds, flash bums, chemicalsContact with flame, h ot surface, hot liqu ids. chemical, electricLevel of Pain (sensationPainful, tender, and soreVery painfulVery little pain, or no painHealing TimeTwa to five days; peelingSuperficial: five to 21 days.Dsp: 21T5 daysSmall

10、 are3s matake months 1aheal; large reas ne&d grafting.ScarringNo scarri ns: ma-y have discolorationMinimal to no scarring; may have discolorationScarring present2nd 口少白&Bun1st。電旭電Purn3rd 2nd 口少白&Bun1st。電旭電Purn3rd 白色曰 PurrAnatomy of Skin:The Skin-EpidermisNerve -Dermis-Subcutaneous TissueCapillariesS

11、weat GlandSweat GlandMuscle Fat, Collagen, Fibroblasts一“，汗腺導(dǎo)管汗孔立毛肌脂肪細胞ThermalChemical匚 IcctricEjIKadiolcq calTypes of Bum InjuryFldsh - Exp a$ians ofnEuial gas, propai巳 gas口inw dndcthr namnd&ie I quids lit&nse fwmtfu a tar； brif DariDd of time. Clothing is prst&ctiw u，l二匕 itname - Exposure to proior

12、cecjncense neat House Tres, improper use otfiammaoie liquids, auiomobie ccicenls, ignited c-othinc from st jves7heaters.Scalds - Scrns caused b. htliqu ds. V.aler, cil. areaEe.tsr. oil. Water atVO dearees F, creales a deep burn in 3nutt 156 dtgre&E Fwill cusettiesame injur) in 1 second 冶 16D de5rjnt

13、 brfw#d) CiirLiTifpraitiql hurn4 9rkiiIH rwi需。Euspicinn ofnon-Arciriemtaltrauma Tar nseds to b removed emgrwman acnesive render solution or petroi&um 口aseowessingsContact - Rosclitan hoimotals. pin二tics. gla;e of coals. Can bo vciy doop.Caused by strono adds or alkali substances They contnueto cause

14、 damaoe urtllthe agent Is inactvdtcd. /MKal sjtsancss usuall) cauoE more severs injury since they eact will the I pid5 in tie ski i.Caused by either AC crDS Rirant Curre nt follows tht path Df least r* $ istwn 匚 9 and causes injury in are 弱 omertnan re contaa/enuy site Tne csnnot :ejuatjedircmtne ex

15、tnaiinpjryaiore. Hi;n 也常gm 1,000 volt&. law vcliage 1,000 t/otta and lightening. Eiectfiul ourrs arc ihirmal ourna from wry high 旭atCdJted Dy dlJlid tkild orgdi nn araJidLciii. Tne. nidy need 幻 nave soirie Lpe of Ue urn Lairiindliun da 11 etc Mop Tie injjr；.燒傷的致傷原因1,熱力熱水、蒸汽、火焰2,化學(xué)物質(zhì)強酸、強堿3,電4,放射線燒傷的病

16、理生理分期8h到達高峰，48h開始回吸收，此期易發(fā)生低容量1,休克期：傷后48-72h8h到達高峰，48h開始回吸收，此期易發(fā)生低容量2,感染期：72h后-皮膚生理屏障被破壞。創(chuàng)面、滲液黎宇細菌生長繁殖，產(chǎn)生毒素。感染燒傷創(chuàng)面膿毒癥。3,修復(fù)期：傷后5-8天開始-I度燒傷，3-7天自行修復(fù)。淺II度燒傷，2周愈合，有色素沉著。深I(lǐng)I度燒傷,3-4周愈合，留有瘢痕。III度燒傷，靠皮膚移植修復(fù)，留有瘢痕，影響功能。臨床表現(xiàn)和診斷1,燒傷面積：手掌法：傷員本人五指并攏的手掌面積為體表總面積的1%,五指自然分開的手掌面積為1.25%,適用于小面積燒傷的評估。2,九分法:新九分法標準斷面稅兒童直稅發(fā)邰3%頭商面部3驕lx戒=9%g%T12-總捌哧苗部3%即上臂8兩上腕雙前背弓%2xg=|8%18%覆于1%里干前面口%航肥需面無3此9淪2T克21%k m1/6雙臂3%雙大齷21*兩下腋雙卜腱】3艇門。兆41%=4日旺4日加-12-羊群雙球足7%汰L至因/那面煙相葉枝上1而下觸邛時機小，成根盛年小討轄燒傷的嚴重程度：根據(jù)燒傷深度與面積判斷輕度燒傷：n 0面積9%中度燒傷：II 面