語(yǔ)法系列061被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)模四U3 詳細(xì)版課件

1、語(yǔ)法系列06:Passive voice 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)首先請(qǐng)記不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表:這些詞用來(lái)作什么?1語(yǔ)法系列06:Passive voice 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)P7 1. Do 的各種時(shí)態(tài)及其語(yǔ)態(tài):P17 2.Practice:各種被動(dòng)式操練:P30 Test:P37 3. 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：P41 4.雙賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)式：P52 5.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)式：use be made ofP65 6. 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)(賓語(yǔ)+ 賓補(bǔ))的被動(dòng)式P81 7. nobody=not by anybody2P81 7. nobody=not by anybodyP88 8.It is said=Sb. is said to P

2、94 Sb. is said to 的各種時(shí)態(tài)操練P107 9.主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)P108 (1)事物-被動(dòng)關(guān)系sth. is located P121 (2)人-被動(dòng)關(guān)系 sb. be interested P134 (3) Be ed+ 什么介詞P145 (4) vi-vt run out-run out ofP155 10.主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)3P157 sound smellP162 .sell washP173 . wont openP178 11.被動(dòng)表主動(dòng)及反身動(dòng)詞P180 (1) seatP187 (2) devoteP192 (3)dedicateP195 (4)dress：P200 (5)

3、 accustom：P203 (6) enjoy：4P214 12.無(wú)被動(dòng)的詞:take placeP222 13.動(dòng)名詞和不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu):P232 14.其它結(jié)構(gòu)中主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的句型:PPPPPP5PPPPPPPPP671. Do 的各種時(shí)態(tài)及其語(yǔ)態(tài):下列句子是什么時(shí)態(tài)，并變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：1.I do it every day.It is done (by me) every day.I do them every day.They are done ( by me) every day.2.I did it yesterday.It was done yesterday.I did them

4、 yesterday.They were done yesterday.81.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).2.一般過(guò)去時(shí).3.I will do it tomorrow.It will be done tomorrow.I will do them tomorrow.They will be done tomorrow.Im going to do it tomorrow.It is going to be done tomorrow.4.Im doing it now. It is being done now.Im doing them now.They are being done now.93.一般將

5、來(lái)時(shí).4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí).5. I have done it by now.It has been done by now.I have done them by now.They have been done by now.6. I have been doing it.完成進(jìn)行時(shí)無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)105.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).6.現(xiàn)在完成 進(jìn)行時(shí).7.I had done it by yesterday.It had been done by yesterday.I had done them by yesterday.They had been done by yesterday.8.I was doing

6、 it at 8:00 last night.It was being done at 8:00 .I was doing them at 8:00 last night.They were being done at 8:00 last night117.過(guò)去 完成時(shí).8.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí).12以上為中學(xué)生必須掌握的基本時(shí)態(tài);以下為參考:9. He said he would do it the next day.He said it would be done .He said he would do them the next day.He said they would be done.10

7、. I will be doing it this time tomorrow.無(wú)被動(dòng).139.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí).10.將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí).11. I will have done it by the end of next month.It will have been done .12.He said he would have done them by the next day.He said they would have been done.13. He said he would be doing it at 8:00 the next day.無(wú)被動(dòng).1411. 將來(lái)完成時(shí).13.過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行

8、時(shí) .12.過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí).14. He said he had been doing it since the week before.15. I will have been doing it for a year by the end of this term.16.He said he would have been doing it for a year by the end of that term.1514.過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí). 無(wú)被動(dòng)16.過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí).無(wú)被動(dòng)15.將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí).無(wú)被動(dòng)16172.Practice:(一般動(dòng)詞)各種被動(dòng)式操練:1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： People

9、 grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown by people in the south of the country. The school doesnt allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed by the school to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 182. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)： They agreed on the building of a new car fa

10、ctory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on (by them) last month. The students didnt forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten by the students. 193. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)： They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. They will give plenty of jobs t

11、o school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. School-leavers will be given plenty of jobs.204. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)： The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. The workers told me they would me

12、nd the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 215. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcast on the radio. We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted. 226. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)： - Why didnt they drive th

13、ere on time? -Because the workers were mending the road. Because the road was being mended. This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year. 237. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： Someone has told me the sports meet might be put off. I have been told the sports meet might be

14、put off. That the sports meet might be put off has been told to me. We have brought down the price. The price has been brought down. 248. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)： When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets. When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. The who

15、le country was very sad at the news of his death; People had considered him to be a great leader. He had been considered to be a great leader. 2526A quiz: Turn the following sentences into the Passive Voice.The teacher teaches the children to draw.Someone paid the man at the end of the week.You cant

16、 fly a kite if there is no wind.Has she finished her homework?Where is he repairing the color TV set?Who wrote the letter?Whom did she take care of?No one sells bicycles in our town.Will you bring me this book tomorrow?You must hand in your exercise-books.271.The children are taught to draw (by the

17、teacher).2. The man was paid at the end of the week.A kite cant be flown if there is no wind.Has her homework been finished?Where is the color TV set being repaired?By whom was the letter written?Who was taken care of by her?No bicycles are sold by anyone in our town.Will this book be brought tome t

18、omorrow?Your exercise-books must be handed in.2829Test:301. -My watch has stopped. What time is it now? -Sorry , my watch _. It _ at the shop .A. was broken;was repaired B. is broken; is repairedC. is broken; is being repaired D. was broken was being repaired 31C2. I _ a novel by Dickens last night,

19、 and another night I will finish it.A. had read B. read C. have read D. was reading3.-We want to sit at the table near the window. -Im sorry, but it _already. A. was taken B. has been taken C. will be taken D. has taken32DB33343536373. 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：3. 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can, must)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be+ 過(guò)

20、去分詞”構(gòu)成。 You must hand in your compositions after class. Your compositions must be handed in after class. He can write a great many letters with the computer. A great many letters can be written with the computer by him. 383940414.雙賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的 被動(dòng)式：.帶雙賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句式:1. He gave me a book.=He gave a book to me. 變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)

21、態(tài)I was given a book = A book was given to me.2.The professor showed the class the cup with mixture. 變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)The class were shown the cup with mixture The cup with mixture was shown to the class. 423. I lent her my bike. 變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) She was lent my bike.My bike was lent to her. 4. He bought me a book.= He bou

22、ght a book for me. 變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)I was bought a book.A book was bought for me.5. Mother made me a new skirt.變被動(dòng)I was made a new skirt. A new skirt was made for me.431. He was so near-sighted that he didnt see the notice which _ Wet paint!A. was written B. read C. wrote D. was read44B上面寫(xiě)著: “”,動(dòng)詞一般用say或read,也可

23、用write的被動(dòng)形式.on which were written “”2. The telephone had been ringing for several minutes before it_A. answered B. had answered C. was answering D. was answered45D3. The door _. Better get someone to have it repaired right now.A. isnt open B. hasnt been open C. isnt be open D. wont openwont shut / c

24、lose / start /lock46D4. The computers made by our company sell best, but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the markets that they _.A. were playing B. were to play C. had played D. played47B484950515.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)式：52Good use be made of5. 還有一種短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由動(dòng)詞+ 名詞+ 介詞構(gòu)成，變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種形式，如下： 1) We tak

25、e good care of the trees. The trees are taken good care of. 或Good care is taken of the trees. 532) You must pay attention to your pronunciation. Your pronunciation must be paid attention to. Attention must be paid to your pronunciation. 常見(jiàn)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：catch sight of, make use of, pay attention to, set fir

26、e to, take care of, take hold of, take notice of, keep an eye on 等。 54The chance should be made _, since you have got it.A. up of B. the most ofC. into D. from55The chance that youve just got should _ the most of _ your spoken English.A. make; to improve B. be made; to improveC. be made; improving D

27、. make; improving56What use will be made _ this material?A. from B. into C. of D. out57由動(dòng)詞+ 介詞或副詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，介詞或副詞不可漏掉。1.不及物動(dòng)詞+ 介詞，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operate on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。 The doctor is operating on the patient. 變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)The patient is being operated on. you

28、 shouldnt talk about it. 變被動(dòng)It shouldnt be talked about. 582.及物動(dòng)詞+ 副詞：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, 等。 Well put off the sports meet because of the bad weather. 變被動(dòng)The sports meet will be put off because o

29、f the bad weather.5962 . I promise that the matter will _.A. be taken care B. be taken care of C. take care D. take care of 63 .That dinner was the most expensive meal we_.A. would have B. have had C. had never had D. had ever had60BD61626364656. 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)(賓語(yǔ)+ 賓補(bǔ))的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)6. 帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)+ 賓補(bǔ))的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，一般把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)

30、中的賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ)，而賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)保留在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面。如： We always keep the classroom clean. The classroom is always kept clean. She told us to follow her instructions. We were told to follow her instructions. 66注意：不要誤把賓補(bǔ)的名詞移作主語(yǔ):Tomatoes were first taken back to Europe and people called them love apples. 誤: Love apples were cal

31、led them. 正: They were called love apples. 注意： We often hear him play the guitar. He is often heard to play the guitar. 67翻譯并變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：1.我經(jīng)常聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他唱這首歌。2. 8:10時(shí)我聽(tīng)到他正在唱歌.68I often hear him sing this song.He is often heard to sing this song.I heard him singing the song at 8:10.He was heard singing the song3.

32、 我經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到這首歌被人唱.結(jié)構(gòu):69I often hear this song sung.This song is often heard sung.hear sb. do doing doneSb is heard to do doing donehear sb. do表示經(jīng)常行為;某次完成了的行為.I heard him get into the room. hear sb. doing表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作;整個(gè)過(guò)程.I heard him coughing all night.hear sb. done表示賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)被動(dòng)關(guān)系;完成.I found my necklace gone.70

33、1. When he got home, he found that his house _ (break into) and that a lot of things _ (steal).= he found his house_and a lot of things_.2. They talked until they heard her uncle _ (return).3.It could be interesting to watch an Arab and an Englishman _ ( talk) together.71had been stolen(had been) br

34、oken intostolenreturntalkinghad been broken into4.get sb.5. The teacher explained the question again, but couldnt make the students _ (understand).6. make himself_(understand).72to dodoingdoneunderstandunderstoodmake sb.7. who left the door _ (open)?8. Dont leave me _ (wait) long.9. He went to sleep

35、, leaving the stomach_(cover) with a scarf. 73dodone open (adj.)waitingcoveredSb is made to do done 1. I am terribly sorry for being late, but I _in the traffic jam. A. had been caught B. had caught C. was caught D. caught74C遭遇到Sb. be caught in 2. -You are drinking too much. -Only at home. No one _m

36、e but you. (2000)A. is seeing B. had seen C. sees D. saw75C3. All the preparations for the task _ and were ready to start.A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed31. Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes.A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose76DB 77787980817

37、. nobody=not by anybody7.1 Nobody can answer this question. The question can be answered by nobody. The question can not be answered by anybody. 7. 1.當(dāng)主動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)是nobody, no one等含有否定意義的不定代詞時(shí)，被動(dòng)句中將其變?yōu)閍nybody, 作by的賓語(yǔ)，并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ǖ谋粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如： 822. 當(dāng)否定句中的賓語(yǔ)是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代詞時(shí)，在被動(dòng)句中應(yīng)將其分別變?yōu)閚othing, nobo

38、dy, no one作主語(yǔ)，并將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榭隙ǖ谋粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如： They havent done anything to make the river clean. 誤：Anything hasnt been done to make the river clean. 正：Nothing has been done to make the river clean. 833. 以who為主語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句，變被動(dòng)時(shí)，用by whom放在句首： Who wrote the story? 誤：Who was the story written by? 正：By whom was the story

39、written?841. Ive won a holiday for two days to Florida. I _ my mum.A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken2.A new cinema _here. They hope to finish it next month.A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built85AD8687888.It is saidSb. is said to 8. 在漢語(yǔ)中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語(yǔ)，在英語(yǔ)中

40、一般常用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示，例如： 據(jù)說(shuō) 據(jù)信據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo) 據(jù)推測(cè) 普遍認(rèn)為 89It is said that sb./sth.It is believed that sb./sth.It is reported that sb./sth.It is supposed that sb./sth.It is generally considered that sb./sth.以上句型可轉(zhuǎn)換成:sb./sth is said to do人們希望 It is hoped that 有人建議It is suggested that 眾所周知 It is well known that 以上句型不可轉(zhuǎn)換為:sb

41、./sth is to do即: hope sb. to do /sb. is hoped to do90 sb. to do sb. to dohope wishdemand require/ ask /requestsuggest/ propose adviseagree allowrefuse forbid91I expect to see you tomorrow.He pretended to be a soldier.He pretended to have been a soldier.Im sorry to have troubled you.92先后同時(shí)先后先后不定式用一般時(shí)

42、態(tài)不定式用完成時(shí)態(tài)據(jù)說(shuō)他下個(gè)星期要來(lái).ItHe據(jù)說(shuō)他上個(gè)星期來(lái)了.It He93先后后先is said that he will come next week.=is said to come next week.is said that he came last week.=is said to have come last week.再如:Im sorry to have troubled you.94Sb. is said to 的各種時(shí)態(tài) 操練It is said that he will study in America.=He is said to study It is said

43、 that he is studying in =He is said to be studying in95It is said that he studied in =He is said to have studied inIt is said that he has been studying in the U.S. since two years ago.He is said to have been studying in 96It is said that his book was translated into several foreign languages.His boo

44、k is said to have been translated into It is said that his book will be translated into several foreign languages.His book is said to be translated 97據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)有20人在這次事故中受傷.It20 people are reported to have been injured in the accident.98is reported that 20 people wereinjured in the accident.=25I dont know

45、whether you happen , but Im going to study in the U.S.A. this September .Ato be heard Bto be hearing Cto hear Dto have heard 2004（遼寧卷）9933. The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A. causing B. being causedC. to be caused D. be have cause

46、d2004（上海卷）10025.- Is Bob still performing?- Im afraid not. He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official. 2005 (江蘇卷)A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left10126. Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than_ in the city.A. ones B. one C.

47、 that D. those1021031041051061079.主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)108(1)事物-被動(dòng)關(guān)系 sth. is located 比較把這家旅館與那家五星級(jí)的相比, 你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們無(wú)法相比.Compare this hotel with that five-star hotel, youll find it doesnt match that one.莎翁把世界比作大舞臺(tái),把舞臺(tái)比作小世界.Shakespeare compared the world to a big stage, and the stage a small world.Compare A with B :把A 與B

48、相比.Compare A to B: 把A 比作B.109高一模二unit3wordsComparecompare相比match比得上與去年的相比, 今年的產(chǎn)量增加了45%.Compared with/ to that of last year, the production this year has increased by 45%.在這種分詞作狀語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)中, 二者相等.11027You should try to get a good nights sleep much work you have to do . 2004（湖北卷）Ahowever Bno matter Calthoug

49、h Dwhatever 28 with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all .ACompare BWhen comparing CComparing DWhen compared 111112 locate vt. 使座落于我們學(xué)校位于市中心. 1. Our school _ in the center of the town.即:Sth be located in / at /on _ on the river, our school is like a park attractin

50、g lots of visitors. A. locating B. being locateC. having been located D. locatedis located Dsth. is located用被動(dòng)這種類型的詞還有：113物作主語(yǔ)時(shí)這些詞用系表(被動(dòng))結(jié)構(gòu):be located in /at /by 位于be based on 以為根據(jù) be set in 以為背景be exposed to 暴露于 暴曬于be intended /designed/ meant to do /for sth. (事物的)意圖是, 專為而設(shè)計(jì)be lined with (街兩邊)排列著 b

51、e surrounded by 被圍著.be aimed at /to 也可用主動(dòng) aim at/to 114_for small vehicles only, the village roads are damaged by heavy trucks.A. meaning B. meant C. to mean D. being meant115mean to do (人)打算be meant to do /for sth.(事物的)意圖是, 專為而設(shè)計(jì)I mean to improve my oral English.These activities are meant to improv

52、e your oral English.SetThe sun is setting. Do you like to see the sunset?Please set the table. We are going to have dinner.A set of selected works of Shakespeare.為(故事)設(shè)立背景這部小說(shuō)以舊上海為背景.This novel is set in /against old Shanghai.116落下-rise安放一套_in the Qin Dynasty in the late 1800s, this movie reflects t

53、he poverty, backwardness and uncivilization (愚昧)of the people and the country .A. Setting B. Set C. To set D. Being set117The street is lined with trees on both sides.Our school is surrounded by trees.These activities aim to / are aimed to improve everyones oral English.118119120121(2)人-被動(dòng)關(guān)系sb. be i

54、nterested _in performance, he gave up his job as a teacher and turned to acting.A. Interested B. InterestingC. Being interested D. Having interested122123規(guī)律總結(jié):某人 對(duì)感興趣:be(feel, become) interested in由此類推:對(duì)感到意外:be surprised at 對(duì)感到困惑:be puzzled about對(duì)感受到失望:be disappointed at 124interest這類詞的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：English

55、 interests me.I am interested in English.Sth. V. Sb. 主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)Sb. is V-ed in/with/atby sth. 被動(dòng)V-ing 令別人V-ed 某(本)人感到學(xué)會(huì)一個(gè)詞,則學(xué)會(huì)一類詞,只是后面接的介詞不同:125be interested/ surprised /determined 一類詞其答案就用 ed一詞,沒(méi)有必用being, 因?yàn)檫@類詞在這種情況下表狀態(tài)而不是表原因，不譯成“因?yàn)椤?Determined to catch up with others, he studies very hard.Exhausted（=tire

56、d）, he went to sleep in no time.126_ of the truth of the report, he told his colleagues about it.A. Convinced B. ConvincingC. To convince D. Having convinced=Believing ofHe was convinced of the truth. 被動(dòng).He believed the truth. 主動(dòng).127We _(面臨) a serious problem._ with a serious problem, I dont know wh

57、at to do.He _（穿著） a new coat._ in a new coat, he looks smart today.128are faced withis dressed inFacedDressed The man _ (陶醉于）the achievements made._ in the achievements made, he no longer makes any advances.The troubled kid _（沉迷于）computer games._ in computer games, the kid has deserted his studies.1

58、29is drunk inis lost inDrunkLostinterest這類詞的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：English interests me.I am interested in English.Sth. V. Sb. 人作主語(yǔ)-主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)Sb. is V-ed in sth. 物作主語(yǔ)-被動(dòng)V-ing 令別人V-ed 某(本)人感到學(xué)會(huì)一個(gè)詞,則學(xué)會(huì)一類詞,只是后面接的介詞不同:130Sth. interests sb. 主動(dòng)sb. is interested in. 用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) 這種類型的詞還有：131使人無(wú)聊 使人疲倦使人失望 使人興奮使人討厭 使人滿意使人高興 使人煩惱使人沮喪 使人著迷

59、 使人恐懼 使人驚恐使人開(kāi)心 使人驚奇使人尷尬 使人放松使人驚訝 使人震驚132 shock surprise, astonish terrify/scare depress upset please satisfy disgust excite disappoint tire borefrighten amaze amuse fascinateembarrass relax即人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)這些詞用系表(被動(dòng))結(jié)構(gòu):be _in / byinspired encouraged discouraged confusedpuzzled worriedassured delightedfrustrate

60、d ashamed annoyed honored He was frustrated by repeated failures. 他因一再失敗而灰心喪氣。 133 interested 134(3) Be ed+ 什么介詞 其后的介詞不同:1. inbe lost in be drunk in be involved in be engaged in be occupied in be buried inbe absorbed in be addicted tobe seated in be dressed inbe set in 1352. to be addicted to be dev