實(shí)用跨文化交流教程Unit8Work

1、實(shí)用跨文化交流教程作者：責(zé)任編輯：出版日期：IDPN: 308-2011-29課件章數(shù)：13 WorkUnit 8Part A: Please work in pairs or in small groups and figure out as many jobs as possible.Part I Lead-in 1. film director2. surgeon4. pilot3. flight attendant 5. cook/chef6. conductor7. lawyer8. receptionist 9. policeman10. butcher 11. doctor/ph

2、ysician 13. Scientist / research worker12. auto-repairman14. nurse Part B:Choose your favorite job among the following items.Which job do I need ? Teacher LawyerDoctorCivil ServiceBusiness mandetective salesman guide housewife photographer Computer Software EngineerAccountantPolicemanAdministrative

3、farmer Manager actress scientist model office clerk writer Designermovie starReporterCookSingerarchitect broker (agent) cashier computer programmer customs officer dentist Part C: Discussion1. How do people view their work. In my opinion, the work is used to make a living Some people work to live. .

4、 Those people view work as a way of earning a living, so they are more likely to complain about theirwork because they do not enjoy it at all. Work is a noble thing, which is a manifestation of life we enjoy I think that work is a necessary part of our lives. We work not just in order to obtain the

5、reward, but to enjoy the entire process Coping with the work, they make efforts to use their creativity to finish every project perfectly and successfully. They try to make work a part of life, so as to achieve maximum personal value, and even to achieve social value rather than just to make money.S

6、ome people live to work, 2. What factors are taken into consideration when you choose a job? 1. List factors that contribute to job satisfaction. 2. Discuss how important is each factor for you?3. Number them in order of importance. (1= the most important)Factors that may contribute to job satisfact

7、ion (listed according to their importance):1) a high salary2) lots of perks (工資以外的實(shí)物或好處), e.g. a company car, reimbursing travel expenses, vacation3) an opportunity, through your job, to serve others in the community / In society4) good promotion prospects5) a pleasant, friendly working atmosphere6)

8、 short working hoursnot more than 35 hours a week7) a good boss8) pleasant colleagues 9) career orientation10) suitable for ones natural/professional talents/skills11) interesting tasks12) good safety record13) clean environment14) restaurant in the building15) good location (near bus stop, highway,

9、 metro, etc.)16) opportunities for travel, especially going abroad17) opportunities for professional development / job training18) day care facilities19) school nearby I will list “a high salary, perks and serving the society” as the three most important factors contributing to my job satisfaction.

10、We do not work to live. However, we can do nothing without money. After we graduate, we have to repay our parents support for our education, to make their lives better. Second, we have to buy our own apartments. Very soon, perhaps we will have a child. How can we support the family? Only by working

11、hard and earning a high salary. But of course, money is not my only pursuit. Career satisfaction also involves serving the society. I can derive a lot of pleasure from the fact that I can use my knowledge and ability to make contributions to the society. So its a kind of win-win situation in my opin

12、ion. A bad workman always blames his tools. Means: People will blame their failings wherever they can.A jack of all trades is master of none. Means: A person who is competent in many skills but not outstanding in any particular one.A new broom sweeps clean. Means: People who work in the same organiz

13、ation for a long time possess information which a new employee does not. some proverbs about workAll work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. Means: without time off from work, a person becomes both bored and boring. Rome was not built in a day. Means: All good things take time to create.Great talker

14、s are little doers. Means: People who talk a lot and often do less work.Haste makes waste. Means: Things that are done too quickly are more likely to end with poor results. Many hands make light work. Means: When more people are involved the work gets done quickly.Nothing venture, nothing gain. Mean

15、s: If you dont risk anything, you wont gain anything. The early bird catches the worm.Means: If you start something early you stand a better chance of success. Too many cooks spoil the broth. Means: Work is less efficient when there are too many people involved. When the cat is away the mice will pl

16、ay. Means: When a person in authority is away, those under the persons rule will enjoy their freedom. “Many people worry so much about managing their careers, but rarely spend half that much energy managing their LIVES. I want to make my life, not just my job, the best it can be. The rest will work

17、itself out.” Reese Witherspoon很多人為工作傷透腦筋，但很少有人用一半的精力去安排自己的生活。而我則首先把生活而不是工作安排好，其它的會(huì)自然變好。 瑞茜威瑟斯彭 In-Class Reading 1. With 85 million baby boomers and 50 million Gen Xers, there is already a yawning generation gap among American workers particularly in their ideas of work-life balance. (Para. 1) That m

18、eans Baby boomers and Gen Xers hold quite different attitudes towards how to keep balance between work and life.Part II Important Information in the Texts 2. For Gen X, it means moving in and out of the workforce to accommodate kids and outside interests. (Para. 1) That means Gen X will change their

19、 jobs according to their family situation and personal interests. 3. Two-thirds of the people who left Deloitte left to do something they could have done with us, but we made it difficult for them to transition. (Para. 1) That means Those people left Deloitte not because they had found a better plac

20、e to work in, but because they felt that it was hard for them to grow in Deloitte. After-Class Reading 1 Work until You Drop: How the Long-hour Culture Is Killing us1. Ronald Reagan was wrong, it seems, when he said: “Hard work never killed anyone.” Death from overwork is not a new phenomenon in Bri

21、tain but it is largely unremarked upon. (Para. 3)That means When Ronald Reagan said that “Hard work never killed anyone”, he was wrong because death caused by overwork has long existed but just not discussed before. 2. It is no coincidence that the UK has the least-regulated economy in Europe and is

22、 the least productive in the industrialized world. ( Para 10)That means UKs economy is not strictly controlled and planned. Also it has the least productivity in the industrialized world. These two phenomena are not accidental. They are related to each other. 3. The old notion that “we work to live,

23、 not live to work” could soon be superseded by “we work until we drop”. (Para. 15)That means The old idea that “ we work to live, not live to work” could soon be replaced by the idea that “we work until we drop”. After-Class Reading 2 A Tale of Cotton Pickers 1. Located in the northwest corner of Ch

24、ina, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is blessed with a cotton-friendly climate. (Para. 3) That means The climate in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is very suitable for planting cotton. 2. While rich coastal cities frown upon the influx of rural migrant workers, cotton growers there have to compet

25、e fiercely for scarce labor resources. (Para. 5) That means Cotton growers there have to make every attempt to attract labor resources because few people like to work there; on the other hand, rich coastal cities worry a lot because so many rural migrant workers flood in. 3. Although China is the wo

26、rlds largest cotton producer now, domestic supply still falls significantly behind ballooning demand fueled by the growing textile industry. (Para. 12) That means The worlds largest cotton producer now, China still cant provide enough cotton for our domestic market because of the growing textile ind

27、ustry.In- Class Reading1. They are in high demandthe baby boomers are retiring, and many Gen X workers are opting out of long hoursand they have high expectations for personal growth, even in entry-level jobs. (Para. 2)Part III Interpretation of Details Opt out of It means “choose not to participate

28、 in” Example: After taking all the factors into consideration, I decided to opt out of the competition. This sentence means:The young workers are in urgent need by the companies because the baby boomers are retiring and many Gen X workers do not want to devote much time to their work for the sake of

29、 their personal development. 2. and that cushion of support gives them the time to pick the job they really want. (Para. 2)CushionIt means “protection against shock, measure to soften a blow” Example:He survived the accident owing to the cushion of support from the safety belt. This sentence means:W

30、ith their parents support, Generation Ys new graduates take their time in choosing which job to take. 3. The consulting firm Deloitte was alarmed by the high turnover of its youngest employees (Para. 3) was alarmed byIt means “get surprised by” Example:The candidate was alarmed by the chairmans nega

31、tive comment on his speech. This sentence means:Deloittes youngest employees entered and left employment very quickly, which shocked the consulting firm. 4. His research reveals that job hopping is not an end in itself but something young workers do when they see no other choice.in itselfIt means “v

32、iewed in its essential qualities” Example:The fair is in itself a symbol of the development of Chinas foreign trade. This sentence means:His research indicates that for young workers changing jobs cant guarantee them a promising job, so maybe it doesnt help at all for them to achieve their goal. How

33、ever many young workers still job hop frequently because they have no other choices . 5. So Smith, who is now in charge of recruiting and retaining Generation Y as national director of next-generation initiatives, created programs at Deloitte that focus on helping people figure out their next career

34、 move. (Para. 4) This sentence means:史密斯先生在公司里主要負(fù)責(zé)招募和挽留Y代年輕員工。他設(shè)置了一些專(zhuān)門(mén)針對(duì)這些人的項(xiàng)目，幫助他們清晰描繪出下一步的職業(yè)規(guī)劃。 6. It feels normal for Gen Y employees to check in by BlackBerry all weekend as long as they have flexibility during the week. (Para. 5) check inIt means “record the arrival of” Example:You will be requ

35、ired to check in at the meeting before 8 tomorrow morning. This sentence means:As long as the company doesnt have very strict restrictions on them during the week, they are willing to work even the whole weekend without complaints. 7. Sun Microsystems telecommuting program, for example, has kicked i

36、nto high gear in response to Generation Ys demands. (Para. 5)kick into high gearIt means “make a lot of adjustments” The sentence means:Sun Microsystems telecommuting program, for example, has made a lot of adjustments in order to meet Generation Ys demands. 8. The software company S gives 1% of pro

37、fits to its foundation, which pays for employees to volunteer 1% of their work time. (Para. 6)The sentence means: S 軟件公司會(huì)拿出盈利的1%創(chuàng)立基金，用來(lái)支付員工把工作時(shí)間的1%用在他們自愿做的事情上。 After-Class Reading 1 Work until You Drop: How the Long-hour Culture Is Killing usWork stress and long working hours were implicated. ( Para

38、 6)ImplicatedIt means “be involved in or be responsible for”The sentence means: Work stress and long working hours should be responsible for the pilots death. 2. Professor Cary Cooper, a stress expert at Lancaster University Management School, says the risk is not just confined to those who work mor

39、e than 60 hours but hits those that put in more than 45. (Para 8)be confined toIt means “only members of that group have it”The sentence means:Professor Cary Cooper, a stress expert at Lancaster University Management School, says that not only those who work over 60 hours but also those over 45 take

40、 suck risks of karoshi. 3. Roger Vincent, a spokesman for the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents, says that overwork inevitably leads to lapses in concentration and therefore accidents.( Para 13)lapses in concentrationIt means “a temporary lack of concentration”The sentence means: Roger V

41、incent, a spokesman for the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents, says that overwork will unavoidably lead to a temporary lack of concentration and as a result accidents will happen. We may be working more hours but many of us waste the opportunity to take time off. Recent surveys estimate

42、that only 44% of workers use up their full entitlement to annual leave. (Para 17)take time offIt means “you obtain permission not to go to work for a sort period of time”EntitlementIt means “the right to have it” The sentence means:We may be working more hours but many of us waste the opportunity to

43、 take time off. Recent surveys estimate that only 44% of workers use up their full entitlement to annual leave.We may be working more hours but many of us still waste the opportunity to get permission to leave for a short time. Recent surveys estimate that only 44% of workers fully use their right o

44、f annual leave.After-class reading 2 1. For farmers like Wu Caixia, a resident of Linze County in northwestern Gansu Province, it is time to embark on their journey to the cotton fields in Xinjiang. (Para. 1) embark onIt means “begin to do sth” Example:Although he was aware that he would be confront

45、ed with many difficulties, he still embarked on his survey. This sentence means:Cotton pickers should start to go to the cotton fields in Xinjiang now because the cotton harvest season has arrived . 2. Many countries used to impose quota and tariffs on textile imports to protect their own industry.

46、(Para. 7) Impose onIt means “l(fā)ay a tax, duty, charge, or obligation on.” Example: The government had increased the starting point of the income tax imposed on people. This sentence means: In order to protect their own industry many countries used to lay a tax on the imported textiles. Give birth to

47、It means “be the cause of; produce” Example:His persistent research gave birth to the invention of such a wonderful tool. This sentence means:The rapid development of the textile and cotton market in Xinjiang attracts many migrant cotton pickers to harvest a better life there. In-class reading1. Dir

48、ections: Discuss the following questions with your classmates.1)What are the differences among baby boomers, Gen Xers and Gen Yers as far as work-life balance is concerned?For baby boomers, its the juggling act between job and family. For Gen X , it means moving in and out of the workforce to accomm

49、odate kids and outside interests. Now along come the 76 million members of Generation Y . For these new 20-something workers, the line between work and home doesnt really exist. Part IV Exercises 2) What does Gen Y really want according to the text?They just want to spend their time in meaningful an

50、d useful ways, no matter where they are. 3) What forces companies to think more creatively about work-life balance of Gen Y? More than half of Generation Ys new graduates move back to their parents homes after collecting their degrees, and that cushion of support gives them the time to pick the job

51、they really want. 4) What does the example of the consulting firm Deloitte tell us?Job hopping is not an end in itself but something young workers do when they see no other choice. Companies should think more creatively about work-life balance. 5) In choosing a job, what is valued most by Gen Y?Supp

52、ort for volunteering. 6) In the current work market many changes occur such as peoples assumption about what employees value. What other changes are mentioned in the text?a. Taking time off to travel used to be a rsum red flag; today its a learning experience.b. Entrepreneurship now functions as a s

53、afety net for generation Y.c. Friendship is such a strong motivator for them that Gen Y workers will choose a job just to be with their friends.d. Volunteer opportunity is valued a lot when generation Y chooses a job. 2. Directions: Read the following statements carefully, and decide whether they ar

54、e true (T) or false (F) according to the text._ 1)The first challenge for the companies that want to hire the best young workers is to provide the highest salary for them.F_ 2)Gen Y has high expectations for personal growth only in those executive positions. F_ 3)Gen Yers get in touch with the Inter

55、net even when they are very small, so they know how to start a profitable online business. T _ 4)The programs created by Stan Smith at Deloitte benefit not only the company but also the employees.T_ 5) The S Foundation attracts a lot of high quality employees because they can get some money every ye

56、ar as a reward for good performance in their work.F_ 6)It matters a lot to understand Gen Ys attitude towards work not only for the employers but also for those potential bossesTAfter-class reading 1: 1. Directions: Find out the authors attitude towards the long-hours culture from the text, and disc

57、uss with your classmates whether his attitude is well-grounded.The author holds negative attitude towards long-hours culture by citing the statements of some experts and applying some statistics. 2. Directions: Discuss the following questions with your classmates.1) Why did the author say that Reaga

58、n was wrong when he said “hard work never killed anyone”? What do you think Reagan meant by saying “hard work never killed anyone”?Because death from overwork is not a new phenomenon. Reagan was probably encouraging people to work hard. 2) What is the cause of David Robertsons death?Intense work str

59、ess and long working hours lead to his death. 3) When a person overworks, what risks is he running?He runs more risks of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, fatigue, stress, depression, musculoskeletal disorders, chronic infections, diabetes and other general health complaints. 4) Why does long-ho

60、urs culture do harm to individuals and businesses as well? Long working hours are bad for our health, equality, our families and society. It also does harm to our businesses because it relates directly to low productivity. . 5) Why couldnt a third of people find enough time to stay with their famili