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1、第五章 情景交際知識梳理 語言學(xué)習(xí)的最終目的在于運用,也就是交際。情景交際就是考查學(xué)生對一定情景的理解和在相應(yīng)情景之下,表達(dá)相關(guān)話題的能力。 小學(xué)生應(yīng)當(dāng)熟悉以下情景: 問候、人物介紹、告別、感謝、致歉、請求、打電話、購物、問路和指路、就餐以及談?wù)撎鞖?、時間、日期、星期等。 下面是各種常見情景的典型用語或句型,請同學(xué)們熟練掌握。一、問候1. Hello! /Hi! 你好!(Hello用于多種場合;Hi用于非正式場合)2. How do you do? 你好! How do you do? 你好!(十分正式的場合下的問候語)3. How are you? 你好嗎? Im fine. Thank y
2、ou! 我很好。謝謝!4. Nice/Glad to meet you! 見到你很高興! Nice/Glad to meet you, too! 見到你很高興!5. Good morning/afternoon/evening! 早上好/下午好/晚上好!6. Please say hello to for me! 請代我向問好! 二、人物介紹1. Im /My name is 我是/我名叫2. I am from/I come from 我來自3. I live in 我住在4. I like /My hobby is 我喜歡/我的愛好是(在介紹愛好的時候,涉及的動詞用ing 形式)5. Th
3、is is 這位是 (用于介紹別人)三、告別1. Goodbye! /Bye-bye! /Bye! /See you! /So long! 再見!2. See you later/next time/tomorrow 回頭見/下次再見/明天見3. Good night! 晚安!(用于晚上活動之后,或者臨睡之前的告別)4. Keep in touch! 保持聯(lián)絡(luò)!5. Write soon! 盡快回信!四、感謝1. Thank you! /Thank you very much!/ Thanks a lot! 謝謝!/非常感謝!/萬分感謝!2. Its very kind of you! 你真好
4、!(太感謝你了!)3. 表達(dá)不用謝的方式:Youre welcome. /Not at all. /Dont mention it. /Its my pleasure. 不用謝。 五、致歉1. Excuse me! 打擾一下!2. Sorry! /Im sorry! /Im so sorry! /Im sorry for 對不起!/抱歉!/非常抱歉!/我很抱歉3. Pardon?/I beg your pardon?請原諒。/請再說一遍。六、請求與應(yīng)答(一)請求 1. May I/Can I(, please)? 請問我可以嗎?2. Would you like some 想要點(東西)嗎?
5、3. Would you like to 你愿意干(事情)嗎?(二)應(yīng)答1.Certainly! /Sure! /Of course! /No problem! 當(dāng)然可以!/好的!/當(dāng)然!/沒問題!2.OK! /All right! /Yes, please! 好!/可以!/請!3.That would be very nice! 那真是太好了! 4.Id love to, but Im 我很樂意,但是5.Im sorry I cant 很抱歉,我不能七、打電話1. Hello! This is(speaking) . 你好!我是2. Is that(speaking)? 你是嗎?3. May
6、 I have your name, please? 請問你是哪位?4. May I speak to? 我可以和講話嗎?5. Hold on, please! 請稍等!6. There is a call for you. 有一個你的電話。7. Can I take a message for you? 要我?guī)湍懔魝€口信嗎?8. Can I leave a message? 我可以留一個口信嗎?9. Sorry! Its a wrong number. /Im afraid you have the wrong number. 不好意思,你打錯了。八、購物(一)銷售員說的話1. Can I
7、help you?/Anything I can do for you?能為您做點什么呢?(要買點什么嗎?)2. What can I do for you?我可以為您做什么呢? 3. What would you like?您需要什么呢?4. What else do you want?/Anything else? 還要別的什么嗎?5. What size/colour?什么尺碼/顏色?(二)顧客說的話I want 我想要Im looking for 我在找How much is it/are they? 這個(些)多少錢? I wear Size 我穿碼。Im afraid its to
8、o 我覺得太OK! Ill take it/them. 好吧!我買了。九、問路與指路(一)問路1. Excuse me! Where is the,please?打擾一下,請問在哪里? 2. Is there a/an near here?這附近有嗎?3. Is this the way to?這是去的路嗎?4. Is it far from here? 離這兒遠(yuǎn)嗎? 5. How far is it from here?離這兒有多遠(yuǎn)? 6. Can I take a bus?我可以乘公共汽車去嗎? 7. Which bus can I take?我該乘哪趟公共汽車呢?(二)指路Its nea
9、r/next to/on the left/right of the 在的附件/緊挨著/在的左側(cè)/右側(cè)。Turn left/right (at the ).在處左/右轉(zhuǎn)。Go straight ahead/on. 向前直走。This way, please. 請這邊走。Its over there. 在那邊。Its about away from here. 離這兒大概Go down/along the 沿著走。Sorry! Im new here. 抱歉!我剛到這里(我也不知道)。十、就餐1. What would you like to eat/drink? 你想要吃/喝點什么? Id l
10、ike some 我要點2. Would you like some? 你要吃點嗎? Yes, please. /No, thanks. 好的,謝謝。/不用了,謝謝。3. Help yourself (to some)! 隨便吃(點)! 4. Its so delicious. 味道好極了。5. Im full. Thank you! 我吃飽了。謝謝!十一、看病1. Whats the matter with you? /Whats wrong with you? 你怎么了? 2. I dont feel well. /I feel bad. 我覺得不太舒服。/我覺得很難受。3. I hurt
11、 my 我的受傷了。 4. Do you have a fever? /Have you got a headache? 你發(fā)燒了嗎? /你頭疼嗎?5. How long have you been like this? 你像這樣有多久時間了?6. There is nothing serious. 沒什么大問題。7. Stay in bed for some days. And take some medicine. 在床上躺幾天。吃些藥。十二、假期活動1. Where are you going on your holiday?假期要去哪里啊?2. What are you going t
12、o do on your holiday?假期干什么去? 3. How are you going there?你怎么去那里呢?4. Have a good time!玩得開心!5. Where did you go on your holiday?假期去了哪里???6. What did you do on your holiday?假期干了些什么? 7. How did you go there? 你怎么去那里的? 8. Did you have a good time? 你玩得開心嗎? 9. It was wonderful/interesting!好極了/有趣極了!考點精析考點1 考查情
13、景選擇【例1】聽錄音,根據(jù)情景選擇正確的答句。聽力材料:A:Good afternoon. Can I help you? B: Yes, please. How much is this shirt? A: Its 200 yuan. Question:Where are they? A. They are at school. B. They are in a store. 解析:此類題經(jīng)常在聽力考試中出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)你所聽到的一段對話,判斷說話人所在的地點。本題中的How much is the shirt? 是關(guān)鍵,說明正在購物,所以地點是在商店。 答案:B【例2】單項填空。()Please
14、 help yourself to some more meat! _ A. Im full, thank you.B. No, Im full. C. Can I have? 解析:當(dāng)別人邀請你再吃點什么的時候,無論接受或不接受,都必須有禮貌。在此題中B選項是很不禮貌的表達(dá)方式,在英語中不可以有;C選項是中文式的表達(dá)方式,也不合適。 答案:A【例3】單項填空。()當(dāng)你不認(rèn)識去車站的路的時候,你可以這樣問: A. Sorry, where is the bus station? B. Excuse me. How can I get to the bus station, please? C.
15、 Do you know the way to the bus station?解析:在問路的時候,要求正確地使用問路的表達(dá)方式,同時,還要注意禮貌用語。答案: B 舉一反三 1. 情景選擇。( )(1)假期后回到學(xué)校見到同學(xué),你應(yīng)該說: A. See you later. B. Nice to see you again. ( )(2) 你做錯了事情,你應(yīng)該對別人說: A. Excuse me. B. Im sorry.( )(3) 晚上, 你要和朋友在電話中告別,你應(yīng)該說: A. Good evening! B. Good night!( )(4) 打電話時,請別人稍等,你應(yīng)該說: A.
16、Wait a minute. B. Please hold on. BBBB( )(5) 如果你問路,而對方也不知道,你應(yīng)該對他 說: A. Thank you all the same. B. Youre welcome. ( )(6) 假設(shè)你是服務(wù)員,你想問客人是否需要喝杯 果汁,你應(yīng)該說: A. Do you want a glass of water? B. Would you like a glass of juice?( )(7) 假設(shè)你抱了很多的書,不小心掉了一地,有 一同學(xué)恰好經(jīng)過,你會對他說: A. Can you give me a hand? B. Dont look.A
17、BA 2. 單項填空。 ( )(1) ? Its sunny and hot today. A. What day is it today B. Whats the weather like today( )(2) ? I went to Xinjiang. A. Where did you go on your holiday B. Where are you going on your holiday( )(3) , isnt it? Yes, but a bit cold. A. A bad day B. A nice dayABB( )(4) I feel sick, doctor.
18、? I am not sure, but I have a bad headache. A. How are you feeling now B. Do you have a fever( )(5) How will you go to the zoo? I will go there . A. take a bus B. by bus( )(6) What about having a drink? . A. Good idea B. Me, tooBBA( )(7) What are you now? . A. I am a student B. Im tall( )(8) ? He is
19、 fine. A. How is your father B. Whats your fatherAA考點2 考查情景對話 【例4】將下列句子排列成一段通順的話。 A. Sorry. Were new here. B. Excuse me, sir! Does this bus go to the airport?C. Excuse me! Where is the airport, please? D. Thank you. Lets hurry!E. You can go and ask the policeman. F. No, you can take the No.18 bus. L
20、ook! Its coming. _ 解析:問路時關(guān)于兩個人之間的對話,解答這類問題時,要先弄清楚誰是問路人,誰是應(yīng)答者,然后弄清楚問與答之間的關(guān)系。在本題中,問路人問了兩個人才得到了答案,注意這其中的轉(zhuǎn)承關(guān)系。答案:CAEBFD 舉一反三 1. 用數(shù)字給下列句子排序,使之成為一段通順的對話。( )Id like a cup of coffee, please. ( )Yes, please. Can I have some ice, too? ( )What would you like?( )How much are they?( )Sure. ( )They are 38 yuan. ( )Would you like to have some sugar?2416573 2. 將下列句子排列成一段通順的對話。 A. We went to Harbin. B. We went there by train. C. Where did you go on your holiday? D. How did you go there? E. What did you do there? F. We went ice-skating and bought some prese
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