初高中英語銜接句子成分市公開課金獎市賽課一等獎?wù)n件

1、達(dá)爾文曾說過“關(guān)于方法知識是最主要知識”，不論我們學(xué)習(xí)什么，掌握正確方法是最主要。我們現(xiàn)在正面臨著一個初、高中銜接問題，初中側(cè)重基礎(chǔ)語法知識，而高中側(cè)重詳細(xì)地使用英語。所以，學(xué)好英語首先要掌握正確方法。什么是方法？第1頁1、關(guān)于語法知識學(xué)習(xí)：掌握一定語法知識是必要，它是基礎(chǔ)，中國人學(xué)習(xí)外語要學(xué)點語法，不過過分地研究語法是不利于能力培養(yǎng)，這也是中國人學(xué)習(xí)英語誤區(qū)。有些人說，那么高考怎么辦？高考正是考查學(xué)生實際使用英語能力，語法考試也是在實際語境中考查，所以語篇能力才是真正能力。 第2頁2、語言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)聽、說、讀、寫全方面發(fā)展，在開始階段應(yīng)以聽說為主。高一新學(xué)期12月內(nèi)主要以訓(xùn)練自己聽與說能力為主要

2、目標(biāo)，逐步加大閱讀。第3頁3、語言學(xué)習(xí)與任何知識學(xué)習(xí)一樣，以自學(xué)為主。要有一定自學(xué)能力，外語學(xué)習(xí)不是老師講會，是自己練會。在使用中、練習(xí)中掌握規(guī)律。以練為主是外語學(xué)習(xí)主要特點，僅僅靠老師是不夠。所以外語學(xué)習(xí)過程是練功夫過程，是長期堅持不懈學(xué)習(xí)過程。 高中學(xué)習(xí)就要開始了，希望大家要有一個英語學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)，真正地行動起來，從第一天開始，堅持向最終目標(biāo)踏實前進(jìn)。 第4頁學(xué)好外語十條經(jīng)驗 1.學(xué)習(xí)外語一天也不能中止，那怕天天擠出10分鐘也好。早晨是學(xué)外語大好時光，尤應(yīng)充分利用。 2.假如學(xué)厭了，無須勉強繼續(xù)，也不要放下不學(xué)，能夠變換一下其它學(xué)習(xí)方法和形式，如改聽錄音，看外語電視節(jié)目等。 3.絕不要脫離上下

3、文孤立地死記硬背。 4.應(yīng)隨時記下并背熟慣用“句套子”，并多多練習(xí)套用。 5.盡可能“心譯”你接觸東西，如一閃而過廣告，偶然聽到話語。這是一個休息方式，也是一個訓(xùn)練方式。 6.不要重復(fù)去看那些未經(jīng)教師修改過練習(xí)，只有那些必定是正確東西才值得去切記。 7.抄錄和記憶“句套子”和慣用語時，要用單數(shù)第一人稱。在應(yīng)用時則能依據(jù)不一樣時態(tài)而發(fā)揮出去。 8.外語好比碉堡，必須同時從四面八方向它圍攻。如：讀報紙，聽廣播，看外語電影、電視，聽外語講座，讀外語讀物等。 9.要勇于用外語說話，不要怕犯錯誤。當(dāng)他人幫你糾正錯誤時，不要難為情，更不要泄氣。 10.要堅信自己一定能到達(dá)目標(biāo)，堅信自己有堅強毅力和語言方面

4、才能。第5頁初高中銜接之語法第6頁一. 句子成份 二. 英語基本句型三. 時態(tài)和語態(tài)第7頁(Members of a Sentence)第8頁什么是句子？句子是由詞按照一定語法結(jié)構(gòu)組成，是能表示一個完整概念語言單位句子第一個字母必須大寫，結(jié)尾要有？ ！I am a teacher.Are you a student?How beautiful the girl is !第9頁當(dāng)代漢語里普通句子成份有六種，即主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語和補語。英語基本成份有七種：主語（subject）、謂語（predicate）、表語（predicative）、賓語（object）、定語（attribute）、

5、狀語(adverbial) 和補語（complement）。英語句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)能夠歸納成五種基本句型及其擴大、組合、省略或倒裝。掌握這五種基本句型，是掌握各種英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)。句子包含哪些成份？第10頁主語：主語是在句子中說明全句中心主題部分普通由名詞，代詞，不定式，動名詞或從句充當(dāng)它位置普通在句首The girl is pretty.Reading is useful.To see is to believe.They are good friends.第11頁謂語：謂語說明主語做什么，是什么，怎么樣，由簡單動詞或者動詞短語組成They are teachers.She looks well.

6、He studies hard.He laughed at his classmates.He can speak English.第12頁表語：表語說明主語是什么，或者怎么樣，由名詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語，不定式，動名詞，短語，或者從句充當(dāng)表語位于系動詞后面I am a teacher.She is happy.Everybody is here.They are at home now.My job is to teach English.Seeing is believing.第13頁賓語賓語是動作，行為對象，由名詞，代詞，短語，不定式，動名詞，從句充當(dāng)它和及物動詞一起說明主語做了什么

7、，在謂語之后She plays the piano.He often helps me.I like watching TV.She likes to go to shop this afternoon.I think that he is good guy.第14頁賓語補足語在英語中，有些句子只有賓語并不能表示完整意思，還必須在賓語后面家上賓語補足語才能表示完整意思它起補充說明賓語干什么，怎么樣作用它能夠由名詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語，不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞充當(dāng) If you let me go, Ill make you king. Leave the door open.We fou

8、nd John out when we arrived. Make yourself at home. I saw him enter the hall. The boss keeps them working all day. I heard my name called.第15頁狀語狀語用來修飾動詞，形容詞或副詞它表示行為發(fā)生時間，地點，目標(biāo)，方式，程度普通由副詞，介詞短語，不定式或相當(dāng)于副詞詞或短語充當(dāng)，也可由從句來充當(dāng)He did it carefully.Without his help, we couldnt work it out.In order to catch up wit

9、h my classmates, I must study hard.I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.He is writing with a pen.第16頁定語定語用來修飾名詞或代詞形容詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，名詞，介詞短語，不定式，動名詞，分詞，從句都能夠充當(dāng)定語 The black bike is mine. Whats your name? A broken vase. I have 5 books. A sleeping boy. They made paper flowers. The boy in the room is Jack. I h

10、ave something to do. It is a swimming pool.第17頁一、挑出以下句中賓語 My brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. How many new words did you learn last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.第

11、18頁二、挑出以下句中表語- The old man was feeling very tired.- The leaves have turned yellow.- Soon They all became interested in the subject.第19頁三、挑出以下句中定語1. What is your given name?2. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep.4. I am waiting for the sound of

12、the other shoe!第20頁四、挑出以下句中賓語補足語 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of school. She found it difficult to do the work. They call me Lily sometimes. I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.第21頁五、挑出以下句中狀語 There was a big smile on her face. Eve

13、ry night he heard the noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast.第22頁 With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. She loves the library because she loves books. I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. Th

14、e students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.第23頁劃分句子成份You will tell your friend that youve got to school. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window.3. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.4. The dark, rainy eve

15、ning, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.第24頁1.You will tell （your） friend that youve got to school.2. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didntdare open a window.3. Another time five months ago, I happened to beUpstairs at dusk (when the window was open).4. The (

16、dark, rainy) evening, the wind, the thunderingClouds held me entirely in their power.主語謂語間賓定語直接賓語原因狀語主語 謂語賓語第25頁 HOMEWORK一、翻譯以下句子，并在系動詞下劃線。1. Five and five is ten. 2. His father is in. 3. The picture is on the wall. 4. My watch is gone / missing / lost. 5. The question is whether they will come. 6.

17、It sounds a good idea. 7. Tom looks thin. 8. The food smells delicious. 9. Now I feel tired. 10. The door remains open. 第26頁二、翻譯以下句子，并用（ ）標(biāo)出定語。1. Mr. Zhang is a chemistry teacher. 2. He is our friend. We belong to the third world. 3. He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.4. The man over there is my old f