牛津譯林版高中英語(yǔ)選修六n高二(上)模塊六unit1grammarandusage課件

1、高中英語(yǔ)課件（madeofdingshangtuwen）高中英語(yǔ)課件（madeofdingshangtuwen）英語(yǔ)教學(xué)課件高二（上）英語(yǔ)教學(xué)課件高二（上）Unit 1Laughter is good for you Grammar and usageUnit 1Laughter is good for yoTo overview non-finite verbsTo master non-finite verbs used as the subject, the attributive, and the object complementTo learn the differences am

2、ong to- infinitive, verb-ing and verb-edObjectivesTo overview non-finite verbsObOverview非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞不定式-ing 形式動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞Overview非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞不定式-ing 形式動(dòng)名詞Read and thinkRead the points on Page 8, and think: Whats the difference when to infinitive and verb-ing used as the subject?2. How to judge which non-finit

3、e verbs to be used when they are used as the attributive?3. Tell the differences when they are used as object complement.Read and thinkRead the points Infinitive, verb-ing, verb-ed 1. 不定式作主語(yǔ)VS -ing形式作主語(yǔ)； 2. 不定式作定語(yǔ)VS -ing形式作定語(yǔ)VS過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)； 3. 不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)VS -ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)VS過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；NotesInfinitive, verb-in

4、g, verb-ed 不定式作主語(yǔ)與-ing形式作主語(yǔ)區(qū)別： -ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)往往表示一般性 的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；而不定式作主語(yǔ)則表示在具體情況下特定的或一次性的動(dòng)作。但有時(shí)可以通用。eg. Lying is wrong. (泛指lying的做法或作風(fēng)) To lie is wrong. (說(shuō)謊者是誰(shuí)，說(shuō)話人心中有所指)不定式作主語(yǔ)與-ing形式作主語(yǔ)區(qū)別： -ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)2. 不定式和-ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)都有兩 種形式：(1)放在主語(yǔ)位置 To see is to believe. Saying is easier than doing.(2)It作形式主語(yǔ)；在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，不定 式作

5、主語(yǔ)時(shí)更傾向于用it作形式主 語(yǔ)；但在-ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，it作形 式主語(yǔ)通常是用于某些形容詞或者 名詞后面。如：2. 不定式和-ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)都有兩 -ing形式做真正主語(yǔ)用于：Its interesting/tiring/boring/nice/ terrible/better/foolish/enjoyable/worth-while/useless/dangerous doing sth.Its no use/no good/a waste of time doing sth.不定式做真正主語(yǔ)用于：Its important/necessary/possible/ essenti

6、alto do sth.Its a pity/a pleasure to do sth.-ing形式做真正主語(yǔ)用于：不定式做真正主語(yǔ)用于：3.-ing形式和不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)習(xí)慣用法：(1)主語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)一致，即當(dāng)表語(yǔ)是-ing形式時(shí)，主語(yǔ)也要用-ing形式；當(dāng)表語(yǔ)是不定式時(shí)，主語(yǔ)也要用不定式。eg. Teaching is learning. To teach is to learn.(2)在“There be +no”這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，通常用-ing形式作主語(yǔ)。 eg. There is no telling what will happen.3.-ing形式和不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)習(xí)慣用法：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)：

7、(1)不定式作定語(yǔ)要放在它所修飾的名詞之后，表示一個(gè)將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，即不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)之后。也可用來(lái)修飾have、there be、with之后的名詞，表示“有要”或修飾“the+序數(shù)詞”。不定式作定語(yǔ)，被修飾的詞是不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、工具或?qū)ο髸r(shí)，要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)：When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _.A. to send B. for sending itC. to send it to D. for sending it to解析：答案C。the perso

8、n是send it的對(duì)象可理解為to send it to the person。When I handed the report to Jo2. There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to choose. A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing解析：答案選B。是“有五雙可選擇”即“從這五雙中選擇一雙”而不是“選擇五雙”。2. There are five pairs _3. Then there are always people to _ if yo

9、u fell like a chat. A. talk to B. talk C. speak about D. speak解析：答案選A。people是talk的對(duì)象，即talk to people。3. Then there are always peopl(2)-ing形式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)與它所修飾的名詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示該名詞的特點(diǎn)、性質(zhì)等。作前置定語(yǔ)的-ing形式前面可有狀語(yǔ)修飾，即轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞，狀語(yǔ)多用very, rather等加強(qiáng)詞，如：This is a rather boring film.有時(shí)候也可換成定語(yǔ)從句：eg. Barking dogs seldom bit. =Do

10、gs which barks seldom bit.(2)-ing形式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)與它所修飾的名詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smell B. smellingC. smelt D. to be smelt【分析】答案選B?！鞍l(fā)出香味”與“吸引游客”是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，排除表示將來(lái)的不定式，即A和D；又因?yàn)閠he flowers與smell (發(fā)出味)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。The flowers _ sweet i

11、n the The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A. having hung B. hangingC. hangs D. being hung【分析】答案選B。hang作“某物懸掛 / 吊在某處”解，是不及物動(dòng)詞，the picture與hang是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用hanging 作定語(yǔ)。 The picture _ on the wall iThe lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _.A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollar

12、s to remainC. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars【分析】答案選D。remain 是不及物動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去分詞無(wú)被動(dòng)含義，用remaining (剩下的)作定語(yǔ)，修飾20 dollars。remaining 20 dollars =20 dollars left。The lady said she would buy a (3)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)：及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的、已完成的動(dòng)作；不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，只表示該動(dòng)作已完成，不表示被動(dòng)意義。單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)大都放在被修飾的詞語(yǔ)之前，過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般放在

13、被修飾的詞語(yǔ)之后 。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，意義上接近一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。(3)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)：及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)The glass _ by my son has been swept away. breaks B. brokeC. broken D. being broken解析：正確答案為C。the glass和break構(gòu)成了被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以需要用過(guò)去分詞來(lái)表示。此處也可以改成定語(yǔ)從句：The glass which was broken by my son has been swept away. The glass _ by my son has bLinda worked f

14、or the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _as 3M.A. knowing B. knownC. being known D. to be known解析：答案選B。因?yàn)閠hecompany與know是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，known as 3M = which was known as 3M。Linda worked for the Minnesota非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：在作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式指將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；-ing形式指正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；過(guò)去分詞形式所表示的動(dòng)作則帶有被動(dòng)意味。一些習(xí)慣用法：(1)在感官動(dòng)詞(

15、feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice 等)和使役動(dòng)詞(make, let, have)后，要用不帶 to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。但在這些動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)式后用作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式要帶 to。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：在作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式指將來(lái)發(fā)生的Eg.They knew her very well. They had seen her grow up from childhood.They knew her very well. She had been seen to grow up from childhood.The boss ma

16、de my grandfather work 10 hours a day.My grandfather was made to work for 10 hours a day. Eg.(2)在下列動(dòng)詞后用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用不定式，即用于 vt. + sb/ sth + to do sth 的形式：advise, allow, ask, bear, beg, get cause, command, encourage, force expect, forbid, hate, intend, inviteleave, mean, need, oblige, orderpermit, pe

17、rsuade, remind, teachtell, trouble, warn, wish(2)在下列動(dòng)詞后用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用不定式，即用于(3)感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞(see, hear, watch, observe, notice, feel, find, catch, look at, listen to等)后接-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生；接省略to的不定式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程。如： He saw someone knocking the window. 他看見(jiàn)有人正敲窗子。He saw someone knock the window.他看見(jiàn)有人敲窗子了。(3)感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞(see

18、, hear, watch, obse(4)過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，著重動(dòng)作完成，表明動(dòng)作的結(jié)果，它與賓語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)的邏輯主謂關(guān)系。主要用于：A.表示感覺(jué)或心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞(如see, watch, find, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等) + sb/sth + V-ed結(jié)構(gòu)中。eg. He found his hometown greatly changed. (4)過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，著重動(dòng)作完成，表明動(dòng)作的結(jié)果，它與賓語(yǔ)B.表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞后。如:have, make, get, keep, leave等。eg.

19、 I had my bike repaired yesterday.C. “with +賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過(guò)去分詞用作介詞 with的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時(shí)間、方式、條件、原因等狀語(yǔ)。eg. With the matter settled, we all went home.B.表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞后。如:have, make, gSoon they saw the boy _ in the crowd.A. disappear B. to disappearC. disappears D. disappeared解析：正確答案為A。感官動(dòng)詞see后加省略to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)

20、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。同時(shí)，the boy和disappear是主謂關(guān)系，disappear是短暫動(dòng)詞，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，故選擇A。Soon they saw the boy _ inJohn received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it. finished B. finishingC. Having finished D. was finished解析：正確答案為A。the work和finish構(gòu)成了被動(dòng)關(guān)系。finished作了with的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。John received an invitat

21、ion toAt any rate, I did not succeed in making myself _ . understand B. understoodC. understanding D. to understand解析：正確答案為B。使役動(dòng)詞make + sb + 過(guò)去分詞，意為：使某人被怎么樣。這里指讓別人理解我，即我被別人理解。At any rate, I did not succeedReflection timeIn this class, weve overviewed non-finite verbs. Now can you tell some differenc

22、es when they are used as the subject, the attributive, and the object complement in a sentence?Reflection timeIn this class, 1. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes.A. to form B. formC. forming D. having formedI: Mul

23、tiple choice. 1. Reading is an experience q2. After she realized the height, she got a tall box _. A. to stand B. to stand on C. standing on D. to stand up3. The Town Hall _ in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time. A. to be completed B. having been completed C. completed D. bei

24、ng completed 2. After she realized the heig4. Five people won the “Chinas Green Figure” award, a title _ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. A. being given B. is given C. given D. was given 5. The thief took away the womans wallet without _. A. being seen B. seein

25、g C. him seeing D. seeing him4. Five people won the “China6. He is very busy _ his papers. He is far too busy _ callers. A. to write; to receive B. writing; to receive C. writing; receiving D. to write; for receiving7. The repairs cost a lot, but its money well _. A. to spend B. spent C. being spent

26、 D. spending 6. He is very busy _ his pap8. Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A. this B. that C. it D. he9. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable _. A. sitting on B. to sit on C. to be seat D. to be sat on8. Is _ necessary to comple10. The food _ at

27、 the moment is for the dinner party. A. cooked B. to be cooked C. is being cooked D. being cooked11. _ all over the hill and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds. A. To grow B. Growing C. Grown D. Grow10. The food _ at the mom12. I could feel the wind _on my face from an open window.

28、A. to blow B. blowing C. to be blowing D. blown 13. What terrible weather! I simply cant get the car _. Why not try _ the engine with some hot water? A. starting; filling B. start; filling C. started; to fill D. to start; fill 12. I could feel the wind _14. Nobody enjoys having a tooth _. A. drill (鉆)and fill B. drilling and filling C. to drill and fill D. drilled and filled15. The result of the entrance exams was not made _ to the public until last Thursday. A. know