高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法《冠詞》備考知識(shí)點(diǎn)全方位

1、高考分析專題02冠詞高考分析冠詞是高考語(yǔ)法填空和改錯(cuò)?？嫉母哳l考點(diǎn).在語(yǔ)法填空中解答有關(guān)冠詞的題目時(shí), 要明確設(shè)空處是特指還是泛指（還要知曉a與an的區(qū)別）；在短文改錯(cuò)中，除了判斷泛指 或特指外,還要注意單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前必須有冠詞而不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前除特指 時(shí)用定冠詞the外,一般不用冠詞，同時(shí)對(duì)含有冠詞的固定搭配也應(yīng)熟練掌握.在英語(yǔ)中，限定詞與名詞的關(guān)系最為密切，因?yàn)樗厝皇切揎椖硞€(gè)名詞，以限定名詞所指 的范圍,對(duì)名詞起泛指或特指、定量或不定量等限定修飾作用.冠詞分類:1.定冠詞（特指）2.不定冠詞（泛指）3.零冠詞.泛指:不定冠詞用在首次提到的或不限定的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表泛指.特指:用

2、在上文提到的人或物前;用在被限制性修飾語(yǔ)加以限定的人或物前; 用在雙方默認(rèn)的特定的人或物前.（一）不定冠詞不定冠詞分為:a/an冠詞后第一個(gè)單詞的發(fā)音音素為輔音音素用 a;（一）不定冠詞不定冠詞分為:a/an冠詞后第一個(gè)單詞的發(fā)音音素為輔音音素用 a;如果發(fā)音是元音音素用an.單數(shù)名詞與不定冠詞a/an連用可以表示泛 指“a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”可以表示泛指，不 定冠詞a/an的泛指用法指的是某一類事物 中任何一個(gè)具有代表性的成員，所以這里的 a/an相當(dāng)于any.表示量指.不定冠詞表示“一”這個(gè)數(shù)量，表示 one, the same 或 every 的意思表示“每”，相當(dāng)于per,用在表示價(jià)

3、格、速度、頻率等的短語(yǔ)中.用在某些物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞前，使之具體化.表示“一種的人或事”不定冠詞用于序數(shù)詞前，表示“再一，又A university,A boy,An hour,An appleA tiger is a dangerous animal.A friend in need is a friend in deed.I met a friend on the street yesterday.They are of an age.(=the same)Prices start at 13.95 a yard for printed cotton.He suddenly appeare

4、d on a rainy night, which was a great surprise to us.Live a good, honorable life. Then when*you get older and think back, you11 get to enjoy it a second time.（二）定冠詞1 ne用在世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前.The earth goes around the sun.用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞、副詞的最高級(jí)前.Is this the first time that you have visited Qingdao?用在表示姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前,表示一

5、家人 或夫妻倆;或用于形容詞或分詞前,表示某一 類人或物.The wounded 傷員The dying 垂死之人The Greens格林夫婦（格林一家人）用在世紀(jì)前或用在逢十的年代前，后者表示 “在某世紀(jì)幾十年代”.Its said that corn was grown a lot in Tibet in the 17th century.用于演奏的樂(lè)器名稱前play the violin用于一些普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前the United States, the Great Wall, theTimes用于江河、海洋、湖泊、山脈、群島、海 峽、海灣、沙漠the Yellow River,

6、 the Read Sea, the West Lake, the Sahara（三）零冠詞space球類、棋類、季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)假日、 一日三餐前一般不加冠詞.We usually have breakfast at 7 o clock.語(yǔ)言、學(xué)科名稱、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、棋類游戲等名 詞前不用冠詞.r m interested in English.名 詞前 已有 this, that, my, your, some, each, no, any 等限定時(shí)不用 冠詞.表示頭銜和職務(wù)的名詞作表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)或補(bǔ) 足語(yǔ)時(shí),其前通常不用冠詞.Each student must hand in his/he

7、r exercise book.Mr Li is Chairman of the meeting.系動(dòng)詞turn （變成）后的單數(shù)名詞作表語(yǔ)不用His brother has turned writer.冠詞.“（零冠詞+）單數(shù)名詞/形容詞最高級(jí)+ as/though（ +主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）”，意為“盡 管但是”.Hero as/though he is, he has some shortcomings.以下專有名詞前不加冠詞街道名Nanjing RoadWangfujing Street廣場(chǎng)名Times SquareTian, anmen Square公園名Beihai ParkHyde Par

8、k車站、機(jī)場(chǎng)、橋梁 Kennedy Airport名Golden Gate Bridge大學(xué)名Henan UniversityYale University雜志名Time New Scientist節(jié)日名National DayMay Day冠詞的固定搭配（一）不定冠詞用于固定搭配中an average of 平均as a result 因此as a whole總體上at a loss不知所措 in a word 總之in a way在某種程度上 keep an eye on照看，留意 put an end to 結(jié)束 once upon a time 從前 be on a diet 節(jié)食 h

9、ave/catch a cold 感冒 have/take a rest 休息for a while 一會(huì)兒as a rule 通常as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上 in a hurry 匆忙in a sense在某種意義上 in a short while 不久 pay a visit to 拜訪 once in a while 偶爾 all of a sudden 突然have a gift for 有天賦make a living 謀生give sb. a lift讓某人搭便車（二）定冠詞用于固定搭配中in the middle of 在中間by the way順便說(shuō)一下i

10、n the way 擋道at the same time 同時(shí)to tell the truth 說(shuō)實(shí)話on the spot在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)the other day 前幾天at the moment此亥（目 前make the most/best of 充分利用in the end in the end 最后in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處on the whole總的來(lái)說(shuō)on the other hand 另一方面for the time being 暫時(shí)on the top floor 在頂層 take the place of 代替 in the countryside 在鄉(xiāng)村in the

11、 end 最后in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處on the whole總的來(lái)說(shuō)in the end 最后in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處on the whole總的來(lái)說(shuō)on the other hand 另一方面for the time being 暫時(shí)on the top floor 在頂層 take the place of 代替 in the countryside 在鄉(xiāng)村（三）零冠詞用于固定搭配中 at present 目前in peace 平靜on purpose 故意ahead of time 提前by law根據(jù)法律under repair處于維修中 out of c

12、ontrol 失控 in danger處于危險(xiǎn)之中 day and night整日整夜take part in 參力口by chance/accident 碰巧on second thoughts 再一想in advance 提前by mistake錯(cuò)誤地lose heart 灰心out of work 失業(yè)at risk處境危險(xiǎn);遭受危險(xiǎn)from morning till night 從早到晚I.單句語(yǔ)法填空（2021 全國(guó)卷乙卷） due to growing popularity of environmentally- related and adventure travel, vari

13、ous types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.（2021 全國(guó)新高考卷 I）While you re in China, Mount Huangshan is must to visit!（2020 新高考卷 II） Each volume in the set explores wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, which discusses the influences

14、 they have on everyday life.（2019 全國(guó)卷乙卷）Of nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.（2018 全國(guó)卷 H ）Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.（2017 全國(guó)卷

15、n）This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over top.（2017 全國(guó)卷HI） Instead, she is earning 6, 500 a day as model in New York.（2017 11 月浙江高考）Its not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, its ongoing process.（2017 6

16、月浙江高考）For Pahls son, its return was wonder.（2015 全國(guó)卷 II）The adobe dwellings （土 坯房）built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even most modern of architects and engineers.（2015 廣東高考）He owned farm, which looked almost abandoned.（2014 全國(guó)卷 I ）Now, years later, this river is one

17、 of most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.（2018 全國(guó)卷DI）Unexpectedly, Im face- to- face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at top of her lungs.（2017 全 國(guó)卷 I ）When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As result, people will eat more food to

18、try to make up for that something missing.（2016 全國(guó)卷 I ）The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle- fed, other is with mum - she never suspects.（2016 全國(guó)卷 H）Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for while, exercising, or doing something

19、 you enjoy.（2014 廣東高考）She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on top floor.解析:the根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處特指與環(huán)境相關(guān)的探險(xiǎn)旅行越來(lái)越受歡迎,應(yīng)用定冠 詞the.故填定冠詞the.解析:a此句中的must為名詞意思為必須做的事,故可知該該句表泛指，一個(gè)必須看 的景點(diǎn).故填不定冠詞a.解析:a考察短語(yǔ)a rang of ,故填不定冠詞a.解析:the of表限定范圍，故而可知此處應(yīng)該表特指.故填定冠詞the.解析：the此處特指過(guò)去的25年，故用the past 25 years.

20、解析:thetop是名詞,前面要用冠詞,此處特指在（地鐵的）頂部建造一個(gè)結(jié)實(shí)的頂,所以填 定冠詞the.解析:a此處意為“作為紐約的一名模特”，在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞model前應(yīng)該使用不定冠詞, 表示“一，一名”，且model的讀音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，故填a.解析:an此處表示積累詞匯是一個(gè)持續(xù)的過(guò)程，因?yàn)閱卧~ongoing的讀音以元音音素開(kāi) 頭,故填不定冠詞an.解析:awonder為可數(shù)名詞，表示“奇跡，奇事”，此處為泛指，且wonder的讀音以輔音音 素開(kāi)頭，故填不定冠詞a.解析:the在形容詞最高級(jí)的前面用定冠詞the.解析:a此處指一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng),表示泛指,且farm的讀音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭,故用不定冠

21、詞a.解析:the此空后為形容詞的最高級(jí)形式,故應(yīng)填定冠詞the.解析：theat the top of one，s lungs為固定搭配，意為“盡量大聲地，聲嘶力竭地”.解析：aas a result為固定搭配，意為“結(jié)果”.解析：theone . the other為固定搭配，意為“一個(gè)另一個(gè)此處表示雙胞胎大熊貓中的另一只，兩者之間的“另一個(gè)”應(yīng)該使用the other.解析:afor a while為固定搭配，意為“一會(huì)兒”.解析：theon the top floor為固定搭配，意為“在頂層”. n.單句改錯(cuò)（2020 全國(guó)卷 乙卷）After that I poured oilint

22、o a pan and turned off the stove, I waited patiently unless the oil was hot. Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together.（2019 全國(guó)卷 I 卷）Suddenly football feltjust in front of me but almost hit me.（2018 全國(guó)卷 II）As the kid, I loved towatch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked

23、 to watch them, my parents would not let me.（2017 全國(guó)卷 I ）1 still remember how hardfirst day was.（2017 全國(guó)卷 H ）They live far from theschool, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.（2016 全國(guó)卷 H ）But in that case, we willlearn little about world.（2016 四川高考）1 asked Mom to stay i

24、n thesitting room and I cooked in kitchen.（2015 全國(guó)卷 H）He liked it so much thathe quickly walked into the shop A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.（2014 全國(guó)卷 H）There are all kinds of theflowers and trees around the classroom buildings.（2018 全國(guó)卷 I ） During my last winterholiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.IL（2016 全國(guó)卷III）At the first, I thought Iknew everything and could make decisions by myself.（2015 浙