醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)課件資料：Clinical management of potential bioterrorism related conditions

1、Clinical management of potential bioterrorism related conditions標(biāo)題翻譯及全文介紹Management管理處理、應(yīng)對(duì)措施Clinical management臨床處理/臨床應(yīng)對(duì)措施Potential潛在的，可能的Bioterrorism生物恐怖主義Clinical management of potential bioterrorism related conditions潛在的生物恐怖主義相關(guān)狀況的臨床處理生物恐怖主義指的就是利用可在人與動(dòng)物之間傳染或人畜共患的感染媒介物，如細(xì)菌、病毒、原生動(dòng)物、真菌，將其制成各種生物制劑，發(fā)動(dòng)

2、攻擊，致使疫病流行，人、動(dòng)物、農(nóng)作物大量感染，甚至死亡，造成較大的人員、經(jīng)濟(jì)損失或引起社會(huì)恐慌，動(dòng)亂。炭疽（anthrax）天花（smallpox）肺鼠疫（pneumonic plague）肉毒桿菌中毒（botulism）兔熱?。╰ularemia）2001 attacks炭疽攻擊事件是在美國(guó)發(fā)生的一起從2001年9月18日開(kāi)始為期數(shù)周的生物恐怖襲擊。從2001年9月18日開(kāi)始有人把含有炭疽桿菌的信件寄給數(shù)個(gè)新聞媒體辦公室以及兩名民主黨參議員。這個(gè)事件導(dǎo)致5人死亡，17人被感染。Smallpox1763年1月24日，英國(guó)軍隊(duì)故意將己方患天花病者使用的毛毯、手絹散發(fā)留棄給北美印地安人部落。不久在

3、俄亥俄河谷區(qū)域的印地安人部落確實(shí)發(fā)生天花流行。天花是唯一被根除的人感染疾病。因此常規(guī)的疫苗接種就停止了。一旦實(shí)驗(yàn)室中的天花病毒泄漏，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的易感人群。醫(yī)藥管理部門(mén)職能概述王樂(lè)君子 201201012the leading national public health institute of the United States.to protectpublic healthand safety through the control and prevention of disease, injury, and disability.focuses its attention on inf

4、ectious disease,food borne pathogens,environmental health, occupational safety and health, health promotion,injury preventionand educational activities.federal agencyof theUnited States Department of Health and Human Servicesresponsible for protecting and promotingpublic healthfood safety,tobacco pr

5、oducts,prescription, dietary supplements,andover-the-counterpharmaceutical drugs(medications),vaccines,biopharmaceuticals,blood transfusions,medical devices,electromagnetic radiationemitting devices (ERED), cosmetics,animal foods & feedandveterinary products.研究性新藥申請(qǐng)（IND）人體實(shí)驗(yàn)新藥申請(qǐng)（NDA）Food and Drug Ad

6、ministration詞根詞匯張伯瀚 201201013-rrheadiarrhea Rhinorrhea rhino 犀牛 rhino- nose (Greek) -itis Pericarditis Myocarditis Encephalitis MeningitisHemo- Hemorrhagic mediastinitis Hemoptysis Hemoconcentration -drome Syndrome Prodrome 前驅(qū)癥狀Chest imaging Atelectasis Pleural effusionsUnenhanced Computed Tomograph

7、y非增強(qiáng)計(jì)算機(jī)斷層掃描 Hyperdense (hemorrhagic) mediastinal lymphadenopathyEchocardiogram Pericardial effusionLaboratory studies Hemoconcentration Abnormal transaminases Anemia Thrombocytopenia Coagulopathy詞匯介紹金榆凱 201201039Computed TomographyIntensive Care UnitMechanical ventilationHemodynamic monitoring Cardi

8、opulmonary resuscitation （CPR）Fluid resuscitation Intradermal 皮內(nèi)Subcutaneous 皮下Intramuscular Percutaneous 經(jīng)皮 Seldinger technique 詞匯介紹楊光 201201011疹、皰、痂Macule, papulevesicle, pustuleeschar, scabCutaneous anthraxAfter a 1-day to 12-day incubation period, a pruritic papule appears at the site of inocula

9、tion, progresses to become a vesicle or pustule, and finally becomes the characteristic painless, coal-black eschar from which the disease derives its name.SmallpoxThe rash is characteristically centrifugal, with lesions progressing synchronously from macules to papules to vesicles (umbilicated) to

10、pustules to scabs over a period of a couple of weeks.疹：macule & papuleMacule：斑疹 patchWiki cutaneous conditions: A macule is a change in surface colour, without elevation or depression and, therefore, nonpalpable, well or ill-defined, variously sized, but generally considered less than either 5 or 10

11、 mm in diameter at the widest point.Papule：丘疹 plaqueWiki cutaneous conditions: A papule is a circumscribed, solid elevation of skin with no visible fluid, varying in size from a pinhead to less than either 5 or 10 mm in diameter at the widest point.皰：vesicle & vesiclesVesicle：水皰 bullaWiki cutaneous

12、conditions：A vesicle is a circumscribed, fluid-containing, epidermal elevation generally considered less than either 5 or 10 mm in diameter at the widest point. Pustule：膿皰Wiki cutaneous conditions：A pustule is a small elevation of the skin containing cloudy or purulent material usually consisting of

13、 necrotic inflammatory cells. These can be either white or red.比較觸診陰性：斑疹陽(yáng)性液體無(wú)可見(jiàn)液體：丘疹有可見(jiàn)液體液體類(lèi)型漿液：水皰膿液：膿皰痂：eschar & scabEschar：焦痂Wiki - eschar：An eschar is a slough or piece of dead tissue that is cast off from the surface of the skin, particularly after a burn injury, but also seen in gangrene, ulcer

14、, and exposure to cutaneous anthrax.Wiki - anthrax：It (cutaneous anthrax) presents as a boil-like skin lesion that eventually forms an ulcer with a black center (eschar).Ulcer：潰瘍Wiki - Ulcer (dermatology)：An ulcer is a sore on the skin or a mucous membrane, accompanied by the disintegration of tissu

15、e. Scab：痂Wiki - scab：Scab, a hard coating on the skin formed during the wound healing reconstruction phase.Difference between eschar & scabEscharnecrotic tissueScabdried blood and exudate長(zhǎng)難句翻譯的心路歷程黃健男 201201043通順：補(bǔ)、倒、拆1：補(bǔ)Ideally, systematic forms of anthrax should be treated in an intensive care uni

16、t, where 【interventions】 such as mechanical ventilation, hemodynamic monitoring, fluid resuscitation, vasopressor support, prophylaxis for deep-vein thrombosis, and prophylaxis for gastrointestinal bleeding can be provided, consistent with the current sepsis protocols.1：補(bǔ)Ideally, systematic forms of

17、 anthrax should be treated in an Ixxxxx Cxxxx Uxxxx, where 【這些東西】 can be provided, consistent with the current sepsis protocols.理想狀態(tài)下，系統(tǒng)性炭疽病需要ICU的治療護(hù)理，因?yàn)樵谶@里可以滿(mǎn)足諸如機(jī)械性通風(fēng)，動(dòng)態(tài)血液監(jiān)控，液體復(fù)蘇，血管加壓支撐以及深部靜脈血栓和胃腸出血的預(yù)防要求，這些需求和現(xiàn)行的敗血癥處理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一致。2：倒A systematic review of 73 pediatric cases, most of which were cutaneous or

18、 gastrointestinal, yielded no striking differences in the presentation of anthrax in children, as compared with adults.在一份含73例小兒患者的系統(tǒng)性回顧中，其中大多數(shù)是表皮性或胃腸性炭疽，炭疽對(duì)兒童的致死率沒(méi)有顯著區(qū)別，和成人相比。在一份含73例小兒患者的系統(tǒng)性回顧（大多數(shù)是表皮性或胃腸性炭疽）中，和成人相比，炭疽對(duì)兒童的致死率沒(méi)有顯著區(qū)別。在一份表皮性或胃腸性炭疽占多數(shù)的共含73例小兒患者的系統(tǒng)性回顧中，和成人相比，炭疽對(duì)兒童的致死率沒(méi)有顯著區(qū)別。在一份表皮性或胃腸性炭疽占多數(shù)的共含73例小