英語(yǔ)必修二外研版module2《no-drugs》課件

1、z.x.x.kz.x.x.k話題No Drugs(遠(yuǎn)離毒品)功能Talking about results(探討結(jié)果)語(yǔ)法1.Infinitive of purpose(不定式表目的)2.Adverbial clause of result(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)重點(diǎn)詞匯及拓展1.likely adj.可能的2ban vt.& n禁止；禁令3affect vt.影響；對(duì)有壞影響4danger n危險(xiǎn)dangerous adj.危險(xiǎn)的dangerouslyadv.危險(xiǎn)地5inject vt.注射injection n注射6powerful adj.有力的；(藥等)有功效的power n力量7connec

2、tion n聯(lián)系；關(guān)系；關(guān)聯(lián)connect v聯(lián)系，關(guān)系8.illegal adj.違法的，不合法的legal(反義詞)adj.合法的9treatment n治療treat v治療，對(duì)待.學(xué).科.網(wǎng).話題No Drugs(遠(yuǎn)離毒品)功能Talking abou重點(diǎn)詞匯及拓展10participant n參與者；參加者participate vi.參加，參與11distraction n分心，分散注意力distract v分心，分散12crime n犯罪行為，罪行criminal n罪犯13reduce vt.減少reduction n減少重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.be/become addicted to迷

3、上；對(duì)上癮2follow ones advice接受某人的建議3give up 放棄4belong to屬于5.instead of代替，而不是6berelated to有關(guān)系的；有關(guān)聯(lián)的7break into破門而入，強(qiáng)行闖入8in order to為了so as to為了重點(diǎn)句型1.Drug users are more likely to get into trouble at school.在學(xué)校里吸毒者更可能陷入麻煩。2I couldnt agree more！我非常同意你(的看法)。.學(xué).科.網(wǎng).重點(diǎn)詞匯及拓展10participant n參與者；參加1addict vt.使成癮，

4、使入迷(常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))n入迷的人，上癮的人歸納拓展(1)be/become/get addicted to.沉迷于，對(duì)上癮，熱愛(ài)addict oneself to沉溺于，醉心于(2)addiction n沉溺；癮，癖好addicted adj.上癮的(人的狀態(tài))addictive adj.使成癮的；上癮的(事物的性質(zhì))1addict vt.使成癮，使入迷(常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))n注意：和addicted/addiction連用的to是介詞，后面要跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。例句：He became so addicted to the Internet that he failed the sub

5、jects.他如此迷戀網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以至于功課不及格。The professor is an opera addict.那位教授是一個(gè)歌劇迷。He is now fighting his addiction to smoking.他現(xiàn)在正努力戒煙。.zx.x.k.注意：和addicted/addiction連用的to是介詞【鏈接訓(xùn)練】She is so_to Korean soaps that recently she is often late to fetch her son from school.AappliedBaddictedCinterested Dcrazy【解析】句意為：她對(duì)韓國(guó)肥皂

6、劇上了癮以至于最近她經(jīng)常晚接兒子放學(xué)。be addicted to“對(duì)著迷/上癮”，符合題意。apply oneself to“專心致志做”；be interested in“對(duì)感興趣”；be crazy about“對(duì)瘋狂”，三者均不符合題意，故正確答案為B?！敬鸢浮緽【鏈接訓(xùn)練】2reduce vt.縮減，減少；使處于狀態(tài)(表示此種意義時(shí)常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))；使變?nèi)?，使降?級(jí))；約束，限制歸納拓展(1)reduce.to.把減少到；把降低到reduce.by.把減少了；把降低了reduce sth.to ashes把某物化為灰燼be reduced to despair陷入絕望(2)reduc

7、e的反義詞是increase，表示“增加到”，要與to搭配；表示“增加了”，要與by搭配。 2reduce vt.縮減，減少；使處于狀態(tài)(表示例句：They reduced the prices by 20%.You had better go and buy something in a hurry.他們把價(jià)格降低了20%，你最好趕緊去買東西。The expenses have been reduced to 1,000 yuan one month.每月的費(fèi)用已降到1 000元。The fire reduced the house to ashes.大火把房子化為灰燼。z.x.x.k例句：

8、They reduced the prices by 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car in order to_ air pollution.Awarn BendangerCstop Dreduce【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。warn“警告”；endanger“使危及”；stop“停止”；reduce“減少”。句意為：政府號(hào)召公眾騎自行車而不是開(kāi)車去上班，目的是減少空氣污染。故D為正確答案?！敬鸢浮緿【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Having almost run out of m

9、oney，we were reduced _ staying in a cheap hotel.Aat BbyCto Din【解析】句意為：因?yàn)殄X幾乎花光了，我們就落到了只能住廉價(jià)旅館的地步。be reduced to “落到的地步”，此處to為介詞。【答案】CHaving almost run out of mone3ban n禁止，禁令vt.禁止，取締歸納拓展(1)bann./pron./doing.禁止ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事ban on/against禁止(2)put a ban on.禁止put/place.under a ban禁止(其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式

10、為be put/placed under a ban被禁止)3ban n禁止，禁令vt.禁止，取締例句：He was banned from attending the meeting.他被禁止出席該會(huì)議。There is to be a ban on singing in the office.將會(huì)有一條禁止在辦公室唱歌的禁令出臺(tái)。Parking in the street is placed under a ban.在大街上停車是被禁止的。例句：He was banned from attendin同類辨析ban，forbid與prohibit三個(gè)詞都表示“禁止”之意。(1)ban語(yǔ)氣最重

11、，指權(quán)威機(jī)關(guān)(比如政府、官方等)正式禁止。(2)forbid是普通用詞，指?jìng)€(gè)人的意愿。(3)prohibit是正式用詞，指用法律或法令來(lái)禁止。同類辨析【鏈接訓(xùn)練】She has been banned_ for six months.Afrom driving BdriveCto drive Dto have driven【解析】ban sb.from doing sth.是固定用法，意為“禁止某人做某事”，此處考查其被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為：她被禁止駕車六個(gè)月?！敬鸢浮緼【鏈接訓(xùn)練】4affect vt.影響，感動(dòng)；(疾病)侵襲；假裝；喜歡歸納拓展be affected by被侵襲，被感動(dòng)be af

12、fected by heat中暑be affected with high fever發(fā)高燒例句：The noise from the street affected our work.馬路上的噪音影響了我們的工作。The condition affects one in five women.每五個(gè)婦女就有一個(gè)患這種病。4affect vt.影響，感動(dòng)；(疾病)侵襲；假裝；喜歡同類辨析affect，effect與influence三個(gè)詞都有“影響”的意思。(1)affect指“產(chǎn)生的影響之大足以引起反應(yīng)”，著重“影響”的動(dòng)作，有時(shí)含有“對(duì)產(chǎn)生不利影響”的意思。(2)effect作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為

13、“使(某物)產(chǎn)生；使發(fā)生；引起”，著重“造成”一種特殊的效果。但作“影響”解時(shí)，通常用作名詞，常用短語(yǔ)為have an effect on “對(duì)有影響”。(3)influence常常是指間接地、以一種無(wú)形的力量去潛移默化地“影響”人的行為、性格、觀點(diǎn)等。同類辨析例句：Influenced by a highschool biology teacher，he took up the study of medicine.在一位中學(xué)生物老師的影響下，他從事了醫(yī)學(xué)研究。This book effected a change in my opinion.這本書使我的看法發(fā)生了變化。Modern farm

14、ing methods can have an adverse effect on the environment.現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)耕作方法可能對(duì)環(huán)境造成負(fù)面影響。例句：Influenced by a highschool【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Smoking can_your health, and_，Professor Brown said.Aeffort；so can bad eating habitsBinfluence；so bad eating habits canCeffect；so bad eating habits canDaffect；so can bad eating habits【鏈接訓(xùn)練

15、】【解析】句意為：布朗教授說(shuō)，“吸煙會(huì)影響你的健康，不良的飲食習(xí)慣也是如此”。空一考查effort，influence，effect和affect的區(qū)別。effort“努力”；influence用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“影響”，一般是指潛移默化的影響；effect用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“使(某物)產(chǎn)生，促使發(fā)生”，用作名詞時(shí)，常用于have a (n).effect on“對(duì)產(chǎn)生影響”；affect“影響”?？斩疾榈寡bso情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)，表示“也一樣”。根據(jù)題意可知選D項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮緿【解析】句意為：布朗教授說(shuō)，“吸煙會(huì)影響你的健康，不良的飲5recognize/recognise vt.認(rèn)出，識(shí)別；承認(rèn)，認(rèn)

16、可；認(rèn)識(shí)到歸納拓展(1)recognize sb./sth.認(rèn)出某人，識(shí)別出某物recognize.as/to be承認(rèn)是；認(rèn)為是It is recognized that.人們意識(shí)到(2)recognition n認(rèn)出，認(rèn)識(shí)，識(shí)別5recognize/recognise vt.認(rèn)出，識(shí)別例句：Youve changed so much that I couldnt recognize you just now.你變化如此大以至于剛才我沒(méi)有認(rèn)出你來(lái)。They have recognized him as/to be their leader.他們已經(jīng)承認(rèn)他是他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。It is recogn

17、ized that this solution could only be temporary.人們意識(shí)到這只是個(gè)臨時(shí)的解決方案。例句：Youve changed so much that同類辨析recognize與know(1)recognize指把原來(lái)認(rèn)識(shí)的人再次“辨認(rèn)出”，是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。(2)know “認(rèn)識(shí)并熟悉某人”，是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】I _ him so well that I can _his steps.Aknow；know Brecognize；recognizeCrecognize；know Dknow；recognize同類辨析【解析】句意為：我非常熟悉他以至于

18、我能辨認(rèn)出他的腳步聲。know“認(rèn)識(shí)并熟悉某人”；recognize“辨認(rèn)出”?！敬鸢浮緿【解析】句意為：我非常熟悉他以至于我能辨認(rèn)出他的腳步聲。k1break into強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入，闖入；突然發(fā)出；突然起來(lái)(break into中into是介詞，及物動(dòng)詞詞組，后面需接賓語(yǔ))歸納拓展break away from脫離；打破break down坍塌；失??；(身體)垮掉；(車)拋錨了break off折斷；突然停止；脫落；絕交break out(火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)break in打斷(談話)；闖入(in是副詞，不及物動(dòng)詞詞組，后不能跟賓語(yǔ))1break into強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入，闖入；突然發(fā)出；突然

19、起break through突圍；突破，沖垮break up打碎，拆散；分裂；分解；驅(qū)散例句：Thieves broke into the store at night.小偷在夜里闖入了這家商店。 As the presidents car arrived，the crowd broke into loud applause.當(dāng)總統(tǒng)的汽車到達(dá)時(shí)，人群中爆發(fā)出了熱烈的掌聲。He has broken down from overwork.他因工作過(guò)度而累垮了。break through突圍；突破，沖垮【鏈接訓(xùn)練】When the old man got home，he found that th

20、e house had been _ and a lot of things had been stolen.Abroken out Bbroken upCbroken into Dbroken off【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：當(dāng)這位老人回到家中時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)有人破門而入并且許多東西被偷了。break into“強(qiáng)行闖入”，符合題意。break out“(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等)突然爆發(fā)”；break up“打碎，分裂”；break off“折斷，突然停止”?！敬鸢浮緾【鏈接訓(xùn)練】If people want to_the ordinary methods，they must take their

21、chance.Abreak down Bbreak offCbreak up Dbreak away from【解析】句意為：如果人們要打破常規(guī)的話，就必須冒險(xiǎn)。break down“坍塌，壞掉”；break off“折斷，突然停止”；break up“打碎，分解”；break away from“打破，脫離”，根據(jù)句意，選D?！敬鸢浮緿If people want to_the 2belong to屬于歸納拓展(1)belong to“屬于”，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。后可跟人稱代詞，不能跟名詞性物主代詞。(2)belong in/with/under應(yīng)歸入(類別，派別，范疇等)；

22、應(yīng)被放在某處；合適，適宜(3)belongings n所有物，行李；相關(guān)事物，親屬例句：He belongs to this football club.他是這家足球俱樂(lè)部的一員。The chair belongs in the other room.那把椅子應(yīng)放在另一個(gè)房間。2belong to屬于A man of his ability belongs in teaching.具有他那種才能的人適合當(dāng)老師?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】It is known to all of us that lions _ meateating animals.Abelonged to Bare belonging to

23、Care belonged to Dbelong to【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)belong to的用法。belong to表示“屬于”，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。故選D?！敬鸢浮緿A man of his ability belongs i3give up放棄；交出，讓出；輸?shù)魵w納拓展give up doing sth.放棄，停止做某事give up sth.to把讓給(獻(xiàn)給)give away泄露(機(jī)密)，暴露；分發(fā)(獎(jiǎng)品等)give back歸還，送回；恢復(fù)give in (to) 屈從，向讓步give off發(fā)出(蒸氣)；發(fā)散(光線)give out用完，用盡；分發(fā)；公布3give

24、 up放棄；交出，讓出；輸?shù)衾洌篘ever give up until you succeed.不成功絕不可以放棄。In the crowded bus，the young people give up their seats to the old people.在擁擠的公共汽車上，年輕人把座位讓給了老年人。The doctor told him to give up smoking and drinking.醫(yī)生要他戒煙戒酒。You cant win the game.So you may as well give in.這場(chǎng)比賽你贏不了的，還是認(rèn)輸吧。例句：Never give up u

25、ntil you suc【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Smoking is bad for your health.Yes，I know.But I simply cant _.Agive it up Bgive it inCgive it out Dgive it away【解析】句意為：吸煙有害于你的健康。是的，我知道。但是我就是戒不掉。give up“放棄，戒掉”，符合題意。give in“屈服，讓步”；give out“分發(fā)，筋疲力盡”；give away“泄露”?！敬鸢浮緼【鏈接訓(xùn)練】1Drug users are more likely to get into trouble at school.在

26、學(xué)校里吸毒者更可能陷入麻煩。歸納拓展(1)likely adj.很可能的，看來(lái)要發(fā)生的；(像是)可靠的，可信的；似乎有理的adv.很可能地(2)sb./sth. be likely to do sth.某人/物很可能干某事It is likely that.很可能not likely絕不可能(才不呢)1Drug users are more likely t例句：She is very likely to ring me tonight.Its very likely that shell ring me tonight.她很可能今晚給我打電話。What is the most likely

27、time to find him in the office?什么時(shí)間最有可能在他的辦公室里找到他？Rain is likely in all parts of the country today.今天全國(guó)各地區(qū)都可能下雨。例句：She is very likely to ring 同類辨析possible，probable與likely(1)possible反映客觀上有可能，但往往含有希望很小的意味。常用句型有It is possible(for sb.)to do sth.或It is possible that.。作表語(yǔ)時(shí)不能用人作主語(yǔ)。(2)probable主要用來(lái)指有根據(jù)、合情合理、

28、值得相信的事物，可能性比possible大，表示“很可能，十有八九”。probable只能用It is probable that.句型。作表語(yǔ)時(shí)也不能用人作主語(yǔ)。(3)likely是指從外表、跡象上進(jìn)行判斷，有可能發(fā)生。與probable意思相接近。likely既可用人也可用物作主語(yǔ)，常用句型是It is likely that.或sb./sth.is likely to (do).。同類辨析【鏈接訓(xùn)練】There is only a few clouds.The weather is _ to be fine.Apossible BprobableClikely Dlike【解析】句意為：

29、天上只有幾片云彩。天氣很可能晴朗吧。likely既可用人也可用物作主語(yǔ)，常用句型是It is likely that.或sb./sth.is likely to (do) “很可能”。possible和probable只能用it作形式主語(yǔ)；D項(xiàng)like“像”，介詞，不符合題意?！敬鸢浮緾【鏈接訓(xùn)練】2Whatever youre doing when you want to smokedo something else！無(wú)論你在做什么，當(dāng)你想抽煙時(shí)，做點(diǎn)別的事情吧！歸納拓展whatever用法：(1)作連接代詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，其含義相當(dāng)于no matter what，

30、意為“無(wú)論，不管”，其位置可在主句前，也可在主句后。(2)作連接代詞，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句(賓語(yǔ)從句或主語(yǔ)從句)，可看作是what的強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)法，其含義相當(dāng)于anything that或all that，whatever在句中起雙重作用，既起先行詞與關(guān)系代詞的作用，又在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。2Whatever youre doing when y(3)作形容詞，意為“無(wú)論怎么樣的；無(wú)論哪一種的”，作定語(yǔ)，意思是“任何的”，可視為what的強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)法。同類辨析whatever，no matter what與what(1)whatever/no matter whatwhatever和no matter wh

31、at都可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，除此之外，whatever還可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，如主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句，而no matter what不能。(3)作形容詞，意為“無(wú)論怎么樣的；無(wú)論哪一種的”，作定語(yǔ)，(2)whatever/whatwhat與whatever均可作連接代詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，意為“所的事物”，相當(dāng)于the thing(s) which；whatever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，意思是“凡是的事物”，相當(dāng)于anything/everything that，語(yǔ)氣比what更強(qiáng)烈一些。例句：Whatev

32、er he says，his boss doesnt believe it.無(wú)論他說(shuō)什么，他的老板都不相信。(2)whatever/whatYou can choose whatever you like in the shop.你可以在商店中選擇任何你喜歡的東西。I believe what he told me.我相信他對(duì)我說(shuō)的話。You can choose whatever you li【鏈接訓(xùn)練】_David says sounds right to Helen.Thats why she has made up her mind to leave with him_happens.

33、AWhatever；no matter whatBNo matter what；whateverCNo matter what；no matter whatDWhatever；however【解析】第一空是由whatever引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，相當(dāng) 于anything that；第二空是由no matter what引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“無(wú)論，不管”。【答案】A【鏈接訓(xùn)練】1動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)(1)動(dòng)詞不定式為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種形式，在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)及狀語(yǔ)。作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以表示目的、結(jié)果或條件。例句：They went there to visit th

34、eir teacher.他們?nèi)ツ抢锇菰L老師。(表示目的)He woke up only/just to find everybody gone.他醒來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)大家都走了。(表示結(jié)果)To look at him，you would like him.看見(jiàn)他，你就會(huì)喜歡他。(表示條件)1動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)(2)某些形容詞作表語(yǔ)，表示喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)，后跟不定式表示原因。例句：I am very glad to see you.見(jiàn)到你我非常高興。(3)在有enough或too的句子里，也常用不定式作狀語(yǔ)，表示程度。例句：He was too excited not to say a few words

35、. 他太激動(dòng)了，不會(huì)不講幾句話的。He is old enough to go to school.他到上學(xué)的年齡了。(2)某些形容詞作表語(yǔ)，表示喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)，后跟不定式表示原注意：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的目的時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式可用in order to(為了)或so as to(以便)動(dòng)詞原形。so as to不用于句首，只能放在句中。這種句式中，如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)是同一人或事，可以與so that/in order that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換，但是so that/in order that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句不能放在句首。例句：The whole family went t

36、o the seaside to (in order to/so as to)spend the weekend/so that they can spend the weekend.全家去海邊度周末。注意：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的目的時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式可用in or(4)動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常邏輯主語(yǔ)為句子的主語(yǔ)，如果不一致，則需用動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即for sb. to do sth.。例句：He spoke slowly for us to follow him.他說(shuō)得很慢，為的是讓我們跟上他。(4)動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常邏輯主語(yǔ)為句子的主語(yǔ)，如果2結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句(1)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從

37、句表示事態(tài)的結(jié)果，常置于主語(yǔ)之后，常見(jiàn)的連接詞有so that，so.that，such.that等。例句：He had overslept，so that he was late for the lecture.他睡過(guò)了頭，結(jié)果報(bào)告會(huì)遲到了。I cheered so loudly at the match that I completely lost my voice.我為比賽大聲喝彩，以至于嗓子都啞了。(2)應(yīng)注意下列句子結(jié)構(gòu)的不同：soadj.a/an可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)that.sucha/anadj.可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)that.2結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句such可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)that.such不可數(shù)名詞that

38、.so表示數(shù)量的形容詞somany/few可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)that.somuch/little(少)不可數(shù)名詞that.注意：(1)such和so均可修飾可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，但是冠詞位置有區(qū)別。如such a good teacherso good a teacher如此好的一位老師。such可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)that.(2)so that既可引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，也可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。在目的狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前要用may(might)，can(could)，should，would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表達(dá)某種可能性；而結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句則不用，它表示的是客觀事實(shí)，從句前常用逗號(hào)，而引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的so that前不用逗號(hào)，結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句都置于主句后，但目的狀語(yǔ)從句也可以置于主句前。例句：I put on my glasses so that I could see more clearly.我戴上眼鏡為的是看得更清楚。Toms first step made such a terrible noise that he almost died of fright.湯姆的第一步發(fā)出可怕的響聲，差點(diǎn)