讀書筆記 FBI教你破解身體語言（英文版）

FBIWHATEVERYBODYISSAYINGONEMasteringtheSecretsofNonverbalCommunicationTWOLivingOurLimbicLegacyTHREEGettingaLegUponBodyLanguage:NonverbalsoftheFeetandLegsFOURTorsoTips:NonverbaloftheTorso,Hips,Chest,andShouldersFIVEKnowledgeWithinReach:NonverbaloftheArms109SIXGettingaGrip:NonverbaloftheHandsandFingersSEVENTheMind’sCanvas:NonverbaloftheFaceEIGHTDetectingDeception:ProceedwithCaution!NINESomeFinalThoughtsFOREWORDTELLINGLIES:Drawingfromthelatestdiscoveriesinpsychology,neurobiology,medicine,sociology,criminology,communicationstudies,andanthropology.THEORETICALBASIS:scientificfactsandfield-testedfindingsMASTER:JoeKulis,PaulEkman,MaureenO’Sullivan,MarkFrank,BellaM.DePaulo,AldertVrij,ReidMeloy,andJudyBur,DavidGivens.He,whoteaches,learns.ONE:MasteringtheSecretsofNonverbalCommunicationNOVERBALCOMMUNICATIONS:facialexpressions,gestures,touching(haptics),physicalmovements(kinesics),posture,bodyadorn-ment(clothes,jewelry,hairstyle,tattoos,etc.),andeventhetone,timbre,andvolumeofanindividual’svoice(ratherthanspokencontent).WAYS:1.acuteobserverin2.contextwhichis3.universaland4.personallyspecificandhis5.baseline,thenmakea6.judgmentbetweenfalseandmisleadingnonverbalsignals,categorizetheminto7fortanddiscomfortonesTWO:LivingOurLimbicLegacyneocrotexcorpuscallosumthalumshippocampuscerebellumreptilianamygdalahypothalamusneocortexResponsetodistressorthreats,hastakenthreeforms:1.freeze,2.flight,and3.fight.Freezingyourmovementcanoftenmakeyounearlyinvisibletoothers.Thatmomentarystopisenoughforthebraintodosomequickassessing.FreezeManifestations:1.Breath,2.positionofsecurity,3.diminishyourexposure.TurtleeffectshouldersrisetowardtheearsHumbledorsuddenlyloseconfidence.

Flightmanifestation:1.Blockingbehaviorsmaymanifestintheformofclosingtheeyes,rubbingtheeyes,orplacingthehandsinfrontoftheface;2.Thepersonmayalsodistanceherselffromsomeonebyleaningaway,placingobjects(apurse)onherlap,orturningherfeettowardthenearestexit.;3.shiftawayfromhiscounterpartifhehearsanunattractiveofferorfeelsthreatenedasbargainingcontinues.Peopleleanawayfromeachothersubconsciouslywhentheydisagreeorfeeluncomfortablearoundeachother.Eyeblockingisaverypowerfuldisplayofconsternation,disbelief,ordisagreement.Fightmanifestation:usingyourposture,youreyes,bypuffingoutyourchest,orbyviolatinganother’spersonalspace.小結(jié)所有行為分為三種Freeze呼吸、動(dòng)作、形象靜止Flight阻止、遠(yuǎn)離的行為Fight擴(kuò)張的行為HIGH/LOWCONFIDENCE:Ingeneral,whenthelimbicbrainisinastateofcomfort,thismentalandphysiologicalwell-beingisreflectedinnonverbaldisplaysofcontentmentandhighconfidence.When,however,thelimbicbrainisexperiencingdiscomfort,thecorrespondingbodylanguageischaracterizedbybehaviorsemblematicofstressorlowconfidence.Knowledgeofthese“behavioralmarkers”.心理狀態(tài)分類HighconfidenceLowconfidence》》》Pacifyingbehaviors》》》》Pacifying行為的分類觸碰、撫摸（額、前后側(cè)脖、鼻、下巴、領(lǐng)帶等；手放在大腿）呼氣吹口哨Pacifyingbehaviorsrevealsomuchaboutaperson’scurrentstateofmind,andtheydosowithuncannyaccuracy.PacifyingManifestation:1.Whenstressed,wemightsootheourneckswithagentlemassage,strokeourfaces,orplaywithourhair;Coveringoftheneckdimplepacifiesinsecurities,emotionaldiscomfort,fear,orconcernsinrealtime.Playingwithanecklaceoftenservesthesamepurpose.Rubbingoftheforeheadisusuallyagoodindicatorthatapersonisstrugglingwithsomethingorisundergoingslighttoseverediscomfort.Necktouchingtakesplacewhenthereisemotionaldiscomfort,doubt,orinsecurity.Thisventilatingactionisoftenareactiontostressandisagoodindicatorthatthepersonisunhappywithsomethingheisthinkingaboutorexperiencinginhisenvironment.Awomanmayperformthisnonverbalactivitymoresubtlybymerelyventilatingthefrontofherblouseorbytossingthebackofherhairupintheairtoventilateherneck.Cheekorfacetouchingisawaytopacifywhennervous,irritated,orconcerned.Menadjusttheirtiestodealwithinsecuritiesordiscomfort.Italsocoversthesuprasternalnotch.Mentendtomassageorstroketheirneckstopacifydistress.Thisareaisrichwithnerves,includingthevagusnerve,whichwhenmassagedwillslowdowntheheartrate.Mentypicallycovertheirnecksmorerobustlythanwomenasawaytodealwithdiscomfortorinsecurity.Evenabrieftouchoftheneckwillservetoassuageanxietyordiscomfort.Necktouchingormassagingisapowerfulanduniversalstressrelieverandpacifier.Exhalingwithpuffedoutcheeksisagreatwaytoreleasestressandtopacify.Noticehowoftenpeopledothisafteranearmishap.Whenstressedornervous,peoplewill“cleanse”theirpalmsontheirlapsinordertopacifythemselves.Oftenmissedundertables,itisaveryaccurateindicatorofdiscomfortoranxiety.Iftheyaredoinglegcleansing,youwillnormallyseetheupperarmandshouldermovinginconjunctionwiththehandasitrubsalongtheirleg.Soundpacifier1.Whistling;2,thetappingofapencilorthedrummingoffingers;3.ExcessiveYawningWhenfacingstressfulcircumstances,someindividualswillpacifybycrossingtheirarmsandrubbingtheirhandsagainsttheirshoulders,asifexperiencingachill.Ifyouseeapersonwithhisarmscrossedinfront,leaningforward,andgivingyouadefiantlook,thisisnotapacifyingbehavior!Anytouchingoftheface,head,neck,shoulder,arm,hand,orleginresponsetoanegativestimulus(e.g.,adifficultquestion,anembarrassingsituation,orstressasaresultofsomethingheard,seen,orthought)isapacifyingbehavior.Thesestrokingbehaviorsdon’thelpustosolveproblems;rather,theyhelpustoremaincalmwhilewedo.Inotherwords,theysootheus.Menprefertotouchtheirfaces.Womenprefertotouchtheirnecks,clothing,jewelry,arms,andhair.Touchingorstrokingthefaceisafrequenthumanpacifyingresponsetostress.Motionssuchasrubbingtheforehead;touching,rubbing,orlickingthelip(s);pullingormassagingtheearlobewiththumbandforefinger;strokingthefaceorbeard;andplayingwiththehairallcanservetopacifyanindividualwhenconfrontingastressfulsituation.Asmentionedbefore,someindividualswillpacifybypuffingouttheircheeksandthenslowlyexhaling.Whyisthispersonpacifying?USINGPACIFIERSTOREADPEOPLEMOREEFFECTIVELY:1.recognize;2.setbaseline;3.“Whatcausedhimtodothat?”;4.ifanindividualisengagedinpacifyingbehavior,somestressfuleventorstimulushasprecededitandcausedittohappen;5.Thespecificstressorthatcausedit;6.howstrongthestressis.辨別原則Fortellingalie,thelimbicsystemismoreimportantbecauseitisthemosthonestbrain.小結(jié)負(fù)面感受會(huì)引起pacifying行為；類型為觸碰、呼氣和口哨三大類；辨別原則主要步驟有哪些非習(xí)慣性行為的觸碰呼吸和口哨行為；什么引起的；強(qiáng)度多大THREE:GettingaLegUponBodyLanguageHappyfeet腿抖動(dòng)可以表示開心～全身配合一般～僅大腿配合離開～腳指向偏離越劇烈越開心Ifhisfeetarewigglingorbouncing,hisshirtandshoulderswillbevibratingormovingupanddown.Feetmoving~~impatienceIftheymovetheirfeet—alongwiththeirtorsos—toadmityou,thenthewelcomeisfullandgenuine.;onlyswivelatthehipstosayhello,thenthey’dratherbeleftalone.FEETWAVEGOODBYE:oneoftheindividualsturnshisfeetslightlyawayorrepeatedlymovesonefootinanoutwarddirection.Ifyouobserveaperson’sfeetgoingfrombeingtogethertobeingspreadapart,youcanbefairlyconfidentthattheindividualisbecomingincreasinglyunhappy.動(dòng)作：不開心～合攏到分開Legcrossingisaparticularlyaccuratebarometerofhowcomfortablewefeelaround雙腳交叉～自信Wealsocrossourlegsinthepresenceofotherswhenweareconfident.WhenIseetwocolleaguestalkingtoeachotherandtheybothhavetheirlegscrossed,Iknowtheyarecomfortablewitheachother.Iftheyareongoodterms,thetoplegcrossedoverwillpointtowardtheotherperson.Ifapersondoesn’tlikeatopichiscompanionbringsup,hewillswitchthepositionofthelegssothatthethighbecomesabarrier.翹腿的指向自己～正面對(duì)方～負(fù)面(a)thepersonwillremaininplace,whichletsmeknowheorsheiscomfortableatthatdistance;(b)theindividualwilltakeastepbackorturnslightlyaway,whichletsmeknowheorsheneedsmorespaceorwantstobeelsewhere;or(c)thepersonwillactuallytakeastepclosertome,whichmeansheorshefeelscomfortableand/orfavorabletowardme.接近動(dòng)作～正面Ifyouaredealingwithapersonwhoissocializingorcooperativewithyou,hisorherfeetshouldmirroryourown.If,however,someone’sfeetarepointedawayfromyouwhilehisbodyfacestowardyou,youshouldaskyourselfwhy.身體與腳的指向一致～正面不一致～負(fù)面翹腿+踢腿動(dòng)作～負(fù)面Ifapersonconstantlywigglesorbounceshisorherfeetorleg(s)andsuddenlystops,youneedtotakenotice.腿部動(dòng)作突然靜止～負(fù)面突然鎖/c藏腿（腳）～負(fù)面Thefootfreezeisanotherexampleofalimbic-controlledresponse,thetendencyofanindividualtostopactivitywhenfacedwithdanger.Whenanindividualsuddenlyturnshistoesinwardorinterlockshisfeet,itisasignthatheisinsecure,anxious,and/orfeelsthreatened.However,tolocktheanklesinthisway,especiallyoveraprolongedperiod,isunnaturalandshouldbeconsideredsuspect,particularlywhendonebymales.Ierlocktheirfeetthatlackofmovementisnotinitselfindicativeofdeception;itisindicativeofself-restraintandcaution,whichbothnervousandlyingindividualsutilizetoassuagetheirconcerns.arestraining(freeze)behaviorthattellsus,onceagain,thatsomethingistroublingtheperson.hidethefeetaltogether.ourfeetandlegsarethemosthonestpartsofthebody.小結(jié)腳/腿步動(dòng)作可以分為靜止動(dòng)作交叉自信突然鎖/c藏腿（腳）負(fù)面指向?qū)Ψ秸嫫x負(fù)面與身體一致正面與身體不一致負(fù)面突然靜止負(fù)面踢腿負(fù)面接近正面合攏到分開負(fù)面抖動(dòng)全身配合正面僅大腿配合中性腳腿不協(xié)調(diào)負(fù)面FOURTorsoTipstorsohousesmanyvitalinternalorgans,suchastheheart,lungs,liver,anddigestivetract,wecananticipatethatthebrainwillseektodiligentlyprotectthisareawhenthreatenedorchallenged.整體偏離～負(fù)面距離~負(fù)面接近～正面moveawayinstantlyfromthatthreat.whenone’storsodoesleanawayfromsomething,itisbecausethebraindemandsit;sowecancountonthehonestyofthesereactions.wemayalsobladeaway(turnslightly)bydegreesfromthatwhichdoesnotappealtousorwegrowtodislike.Thehumanspecieshasevolvedtothepointthatnotonlyphysicalproximitytoapersonwedislikecancauseustoleanaway,butevenimagesofun-amereshiftingofbodyangleofjustafewdegreesisenoughtoexpressnegativesentiment.Whenonepersoninarelationshipfeelsthatsomethingiswrongwiththewaythingsaregoing,heorsheismostlikelysensingasubtledegreeofphysicaldistancinginhisorherpartner.Ourventral(front)side,whereoureyes,mouth,chest,breasts,genitals,etc.arelocated,isverysensitivetothingswelikeanddislike.ventraldenialventralfronting.useourarmsorobjectstoactasbarriers遮擋～負(fù)面越緊越嚴(yán)實(shí)，程度越深ClothingornearbyobjectsButtoningajacket,ofcourse,isnotalwaysanindicationofdiscomfort;oftenmenwillbuttontheirjacketstoformalizeasettingortoshowdeferencetotheirboss.Awomanmaycrossherarmsoverherstomach,justunderthebreasts,inanefforttoshieldhertorsoandcomfortherself.Shemaycrossonearmacrossherfrontandgrabtheoppositearmattheelbow,formingabarriertoherchest.Woman:chest-shieldingbehaviorMan:playwithhiswatch,playwithhiscufflinks;fixhistieknot;allowsforthearmtocovertheventralareaofthechestandneck.armsintertwinedacrossthefrontisaverycomfortableposeformanypeople.BowingatthewaistthetorsobowisanonverbalgestureofregardforothersButrightorwrong,allotherthingsbeingequal,itistheirclothingthatoftengreatlyinfluenceswhatwethinkofindividuals.Splayingoutonacouchorachairisnormallyasignofcomfort.躺臥～正面Teenagers,inparticular,oftenwillsitsplayedoutonachairorbench,asanonverbalwayofdominatingtheirenvironmentwhilebeingchastisedbytheirparents.Thissplaybehaviorisdisrespectfulandshowsindifferencetothoseinauthority.Itisaterritorialdisplaythatshouldnotbeencouragedortolerated.胸挺胸～正面胸部收縮～壓力puffuptheirchestswhentryingtoestablishterritorialdominance.Whenapersonisunderstress,thechestmaybeseentoheaveorexpandandcontractrapidly.Fullandslightshouldershrugscanmeanalotincontext.肩雙肩平～懷疑信息（就事論事）雙肩不平～懷疑人烏龜肩～負(fù)面halfshrug,Anhonestandtrueresponsewillcausebothshoulderstorisesharplyandequally.Expectpeopletogivefull(high)shouldershrugswhentheyconfidentlysupportwhattheyaresaying.beawareofthepersonwho,whileconversingorinreactiontoanegativeevent,moveshisorherbodysotheshouldersbegintoslowlyrisetowardtheearsinamannerthatmakestheneckseemtodisappearlackingconfidenceandishighlyuncomfortable.hurtmyfeelings小結(jié)整體局部指向偏離負(fù)面胸距離距離~負(fù)面挺胸正面接近正面胸部收縮負(fù)面遮擋越緊越嚴(yán)實(shí)負(fù)面肩雙肩平懷疑信息（就事論事）躺臥正面雙肩不平懷疑人烏龜肩負(fù)面FIVEKnowledgeWithinReach手、臂defensewounds向上～正面向下～負(fù)面靜止～負(fù)面緊握～負(fù)面手臂動(dòng)作因人而異，需要建立baselineThesemovementscanrangefromsubdued(restrainedandconstricted)toexuberant(unrestrainedandexpansive).Whenexcited,wedon’trestrictourarmmovements;infactournaturaltendencyistodefygravityandraiseourarmshighaboveourheadsgravity-defyingbehaviorsareassociatedwithpositivefeelings.NegativeemotionsbringusdownphysicallyWhenweareupsetorfearful,wewithdrawourarms.armwithdrawalbehaviorSelf-restraintcanassistusnotonlyindealingwithothersbutalsoindealingwithourselveswhenweneedtobecomforted.Restrictionofarmmovements,armfreeze,particularlywhenitoccursinchildren,cansometimeshavemoresinisterimplications.Cessationofarmmovementispartofthelimbicsystem’sfreezeresponse.tendedtoholdontothebagtighter,especiallyasshenearedthecustomsdesk.Notonlydoimportantitemstendtobebetterprotectedwiththearms,butalsothosethingswedonotwantnoticed.Ifyouestablishanadequatebaselinebyobservingaspecificindividual’sarmbehaviorsoveraperiodoftime,youcandetecthowheisfeelingbyhisarmmovements.touchisveryimportantforthewell-beingofhumans.揮動(dòng)與接觸～正面Thisarm-distancingphenomenonoccursnotonlywhenweencounterobjectswedon’tlike,butalsowhenwearearoundpeoplewedon’tenjoy.Claimingterritorycanhaveverypowerfulandnegativeconsequences—bothshort-livedandlong-term—andtheresultingbattlescanrangefromsmalltogreat.Noticehowconfidentorhigh-statusindividualswillclaimmoreterritorywiththeirarmsthanlessconfident,lower-statuspersons.placetheirarmsbehindtheirbacks放置位置后～負(fù)面Thisbehaviorisoftenmisunderstoodasmerelyapensiveorthinkingpose,butunlessseeninsomeonestudyingapaintingatamuseum,forexample,itisnot.手方后腦勺～正面partoftheirauthoritativetraining,itdoesn’tresonatewellintheprivatesector.前雙手叉腰～負(fù)面看得到大拇指～好奇（中性）看不到大拇指～權(quán)威（負(fù)面）Forwomen,arms,akimbomayhaveparticularutility.itisapowerfulnonverbaldisplaythattheycanemploywhenconfrontingmalesintheboardroom.thehandsareplacedonthehips,butthethumbsfaceforwardinquisitive,yetconcernedOften,individualswillusetheirarmstosimultaneouslyemphasizeapointandclaimterritory.雙手前置～正面（自信、權(quán)威）雙手搭放棄他物體～正面armspreadbehaviorInbusinessmeetings,aspeakerwhotakes(andmaintains)alargeterritorialfootprintislikelyveryconfidentaboutwhatisbeingdiscussedtoputhisarmaroundhisdatetrytoencroachonhiswomanAnotherexampleofcourtshipbehaviorsofthearmsinvolveshowcloselyacouplewill(orwillnot)placetheirarmsnexttooneanotherwhentheyareseatedtogetheratatable.borderlinepersonalityNevertheless,evenwithoutgivingahug,peoplecanusetheirarmstodemonstratewarmthand,insodoing,increasetheirchancesofbeingviewedfavorablybyothers.oneofthebestwaystoestablishrapportwithsomeoneistotouchthatpersononthearm,somewherebetweentheelbowandtheshoulder.小結(jié)整體動(dòng)作具體動(dòng)作向上正面揮動(dòng)、接觸正面向下負(fù)面放置位置靜止負(fù)面前叉腰負(fù)面緊握負(fù)面看得到大拇指好奇（中性）手臂動(dòng)作因人而異，需要建立baseline看不到大拇指權(quán)威（負(fù)面）雙手前置正面（自信、權(quán)威）雙手搭放其他物體正面后負(fù)面后腦勺后正面SIXGettingaGrip手動(dòng)作Peoplerespondpositivelytoeffectivehandmovements.keepyourhandsvisibleduringface-to-facecommunicationwithothers.howhandgreetingsareperformed,forhowlong,andhowstrong.變量：距離、強(qiáng)度指向～負(fù)面fingerpointingissodistastefulSnappingyourfingersatsomeoneisalsoconsideredrude小動(dòng)作響指～不禮貌行為Itisfarbettertogesturewithanopenhand(palmup)atthedefendantthanwithafinger.Preening,however,canalsocreatenegativeperceptions.手指整理妝容～負(fù)面Standingwithhandsatthesidewithfingerscurledmayindicatepriormilitaryexperience.Handsalsoindicatehowmuchwecareforourselvesandhowweviewsocialconvention.咬手指～負(fù)面sweatyhands,youcanassumeheorsheisunderstress(sincelimbicarousalcausessweating).出汗～負(fù)面Sweatypalmsarenotindicativeofdeception.Theyareonlyindicativeofstressor,insomecases,ageneticdisorder.握手shakeinexcitement.Theymayrestraintheirhandsbygrabbingandholdingsomeoneelse’shand,orbytuckingtheirhandsintheirunderarmsorclaspingthemandholdingthematchestlevel.determinewhethershakyhandsareduetofearorjoybyputtingthebehaviorincontextIftheshakyhandsareaccompaniedbypacifyingactions,liketouchingtheneckorpressingthelipstogether,I’dbemorelikelytosuspectthattheshakingwasrelatedtostress(somethingnegative)ratherthansomethingpositive.Itshouldbenotedthattremblinghandsareonlyrelevantasanonverbalcommunicationwhentheyrepresentachangefromsomeone’snormalhandmovements.ifsuchapersonsuddenlyceasestotrembleforamoment,itmayindicateadeliberateattempttofocusmoredeeplyontheparticularsubjectjustmentioned突然的動(dòng)作停止～注意力集中changeinbehaviorthatismostsignificant.Ahigh-confidencedisplayreflectsahighdegreeofbraincomfortandself-assurance.手呈尖塔～自信（正面）位置越高程度越深Handsteeplingmaywellbethemostpowerfulhigh-confidencewomentendtosteeplelow(perhapsatthewaist),whichsome-timesmakesthebehaviormoredifficulttoobserve.Mentendtosteeplehigher,atchestlevel,whichmakestheirsteeplingmorevisibleandpowerful.Steeplingsignifiesthatyouareconfidentofyourthoughtsorposition.Whenourconfidenceisshakenordoubthasenteredourminds,oursteepledfingersmayinterlaceasinprayer手指交叉～負(fù)面手指交叉但拇指向上～正面Itisrecommendedthatwhentestifying,individualsshouldeithersteepleorcuptheirhandstogetherwithoutinterlacingtheirfingers,asthesearegesturesthatareperceivedasbeingmoreauthoritative,moreconfident,andmoregenuine.Whenindividualscarrytheirthumbshigh,itisasignthattheythinkhighlyofthemselvesand/orareconfidentintheirthoughtsorpresentcircumstancesThumbsupisanotherexampleofagravity-defyinggesture,atypeofnonverbalbehaviornormallyassociatedwithcomfortandhighconfidence.手放到口袋僅拇指露出～自信（正面）手放到口袋僅拇指放入～負(fù)面手放到口袋僅拇指放入但牛仔姿勢(shì)～攻擊型（正面）ThumbsupFeelingsoflowconfidencecanbeevidencedwhenaperson(usuallyamale)putshisthumbsinhispocketandletsthefingershangoutonthesideGenitalframingisapowerfuldominancedisplay.Researchtellsusliarstendtogestureless,touchless,andmovetheirarmsandlegslessthanhonestpeople解釋性手部動(dòng)作過少或隱藏～負(fù)面Whenpeoplewringtheirhandsorinterlacetheirfingers,particularlyinresponsetoasignificantcomment,event,orchangeintheirenvironment,itisnormallyindicativeofstressorlowconfidenceWhenpeopletellthetruth,theymakeeveryefforttoensurethatyouunderstandthem.Theygesticulatewiththeirarmsandfaceandareemphaticallyexpressive.gentlefinger-to-palmstrokingtransitionstomoredramaticrubbingofinterlacedfingersmovetheirhandsawayhandwithdrawalsWhenthehandsstopillustratingandemphasizing,itisusuallyacluetoachangeinbrainactivity(perhapsbecauseofalackofcommitment)andiscauseforheightenedawarenessandassessment.Theinterlacingoffingersisaveryaccurateindicatorofhighdistress手指摩擦/手摩擦其他部位～自我安慰（負(fù)面）Peoplewhotouchtheirnecks(anywhere)whilespeakingare,infact,reflectinglower-than-normalconfidenceorarerelievingstress.Thecoveringoftheneckarea,throat,and/orthesuprasternalnotchduringtimesofstressisauniversalandstrongindicatorthatthebrainisactivelyprocessingsomethingthatisthreatening,objectionable,unsettling,questionable,oremotional.Necktouchingisoneofthosebehaviorsthatissoreliableandaccuratethatittrulymeritsourcloseattention.MicrogestureInthesecircumstances,themorereflexiveandshortlivedthebehavioris,themoretruthfulittendstobe.小結(jié)基本動(dòng)作手指動(dòng)作出汗負(fù)面指向負(fù)面握手手指整理妝容負(fù)面突然的動(dòng)作停止注意力集中咬手指負(fù)面響指不禮貌行為解釋性手部動(dòng)作過少或隱藏負(fù)面手呈尖塔位置越高程度越深自信（正面）手指交叉負(fù)面手指交叉但拇指向上正面手放到口袋僅拇指露出自信（正面）手放到口袋僅拇指放入負(fù)面手放到口袋僅拇指放入但牛仔姿勢(shì)攻擊型（正面）手指摩擦/手摩擦其他部位自我安慰（負(fù)面）SEVENTheMind’sCanvas表情universallanguagewecan,toadegree,controlourfacialexpressionsand,thus,putonafalsefront.Negativeemotions—displeasure,disgust,antipathy,fear,andanger—makeustense.額頭皺起～負(fù)面howitisbeingsaid.表情代表的正負(fù)面情緒不是關(guān)鍵，關(guān)鍵是為什么？Positiveemotionsarerevealedbythelooseningofthefurrowedlinesontheforehead,relaxationofmusclesaroundthemouth,emergenceoffulllips(theyarenotcompressedortightlipped),andwideningoftheeyeareaassurroundingmusclesrelax.正面前額放松嘴部放松眼部肌肉放松完整唇Whenwearetrulyrelaxedandcomfortable,facialmusclesrelaxandtheheadwilltilttotheside,exposingourmostvulnerablearea,theneck頭部?jī)A斜～正面Remember,lookforclustersofbehaviortosolidifyyourobservations.眼瞳孔放大～正面瞳孔收縮～負(fù)面eyesaveryhonestpartofourfaceWehavenoconsciouscontroloverourpupils,andtheyrespondtobothexternalstimuli(forexample,changesinlight)andinternalstimuli(suchasthoughts)infractionsofasecond.Whenwebecomearoused,aresurprised,oraresuddenlyconfronted,oureyesopenup—notonlydotheywiden,butthepupilsalsoquicklydilatetoletinthemaximumamountofavailablelight,cesstheinformationandifitisperceivednegatively(itisanunpleasantsurpriseoranactualthreat),inafractionofasecondthepupilswillconstrict瞇眼～負(fù)面（瞬間、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）Inadditiontosquintingwhenillatease,someindividualswilllowertheireyebrowsafterobservingsomethingunsettlingintheirenvironment.Archedeyebrowssignifyhighconfidenceandpositivefeelings(agravity-defyingbehavior),whereasloweredeyebrowsareusuallyasignoflowconfidenceandnegativefeelings,abehaviorthatindicatesweaknessandinsecurityinaperson眉毛下》》眼睛變小～負(fù)面眉毛上》》眼睛變大～正面wesometimesloweroureyebrowsandsquintwhenbeingaggressiveorconfrontational.welowertheeyebrowsinthefaceofrealorimagineddangerorthreats.Wealsodothiswhenweareannoyed,feeldispleasure,orareangry.wedroptheeyebrowstoolow,itisauniversalsignofweaknessandinsecurity.Itisabehaviorofobsequiousness,fawning,orsubmissivenesseyeblocking任何形式的眼部遮擋～負(fù)面強(qiáng)度時(shí)間越大，程度越深Whileeye-blockingbehaviorsareusuallyassociatedwithseeingorhearingsomethingnegativethatcausesusdiscomfort,theycanalsobeanindicationoflowconfidence.mostreliableandvaluablewhenithappensimmediatelyafterasignificanteventthatyoucanidentify.contentmentandpositiveemotionsareindicatedbypupildilation.eyebrowsrise(arch),wideningtheireyeareaandmakingtheireyeslooklargerflashbulbeyesgravity-defyingbehaviors眉毛放松～放松（中性）眉毛抬起～正面raisetheireyebrowsandflashtheireyescomfortdisplaydownwardgazemaydemonstratethatweareprocessingasentimentorafeeling,conductinganinternaldialogue,orperhapsdemonstratingsubmissiveness.向下看～思考eyeaversionNeverassumethatadownwardgazeisasignofdeception.thosewhoaredominanthavemorefreedominusingeye-gazebehavior.rovingeyesmakeapersonlookdisinterestedorsuperior眼珠轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)～不感興趣，自負(fù)（負(fù)面）Ourblinkrateincreaseswhenwearearoused,troubled,nervous,orconcerned,anditreturnstonormalwhenwearerelaxed.Aseriesofrapideyeblinksmayreflectaninnerstruggle.眨眼頻率↑～（內(nèi)心活動(dòng)）負(fù)面Eyelidflutterisverymuchindicativeofastruggleeitherwithourperformanceorwiththedeliveryoracceptanceofinformation.Thoughit’stemptingtodoso,Iwouldbeveryreluctanttolabelanyonealiarjustbecausetheirblinkrateincreases,sinceanystress,includingbeingaskedquestionsinpublic,cancausetheblinkratetoincrease.askance斜視～懷疑（負(fù)面）Itcantaketheformofasidewaysortiltedheadmotionaccompaniedbyasideglanceorabriefrolloftheeyes.wearesuspiciousofothersorquestionthevalidityofwhattheyaresaying.Arealsmileappearsprimarilybecauseoftheactionoftwomuscles:thezygomaticusmajor,orbicularisoculi,eye.workingtogetherbilaterally,thesedrawthecornersofthemouthupandcrinkletheouteredgesoftheeyes,causingthecrow’sfeetofafamiliarwarmandhonestsmile微笑嘴角指向眼睛～真實(shí)微笑嘴角指向耳朵～社交微笑RisoriusRealsmilesaredifficulttofakewhenwehaveasincerelackofemotion.唇壓縮～負(fù)面唇形越少，程度越深反U嘴～壓力（負(fù)面）噘嘴～不同意（負(fù)面）Whenwearestressed,wetendtomakeourlipsdisappearsubconsciously.Lipcompressionisveryindicativeoftruenegativesentimentthatmanifestsquitevividlyinrealtimeupside-downU.Thisbehaviorisindicativeofhighdistress(discomfort).Thisisaformidablecueorsignalthatthepersonisexperiencinganextremeamountofstress.theturned-downcornersofthemouthisanormalbehaviorandassuchisnotanaccuratesignofdistress.However,forthelargemajorityofus,thisisaveryaccuratetellofnegativethoughtsorsentiments.Thisbehaviorusuallymeanstheydisagreewithwhatisbeingsaidortheyareconsideringanalternativethoughtoridea.auniversalactofcontempt.Itisdisrespectfulandreflectsalackofcaringorempathyonthepartofthepersondoingthesneering.單邊唇抬