初二升初三被動語態(tài)修改版

語法專題：被動語態(tài)(ThePassiveVoice)重難點：一．被動語態(tài)在各樣時態(tài)中的組成二．被動語態(tài)的注意事項三．被動語態(tài)中考真題練習(xí)一．什么是被動語態(tài)例句賞析：Ieattheapple.→Theapplewaseatenbyme.Myfathermadethedesk.→Thedeskwasmadebymyfather.Peopleshouldnotthrowwastepaperhere.→Wastepapershouldnotbethrownhere.總結(jié)：語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，它表示主語和謂語的關(guān)系。英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)，即主動語態(tài)（TheActiveVoice）和被動語態(tài)（ThePassiveVoice）。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的履行者.Eg:ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(_______語態(tài))被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者.Eg:Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(_______語態(tài))二．被動語態(tài)的組成被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”組成。助動詞be有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。.被動語態(tài)的用法當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動作的履行者，或許沒有必需指出誰是動作的履行者時，或許只要重申換作的承受者時，要用被動語態(tài)。Eg:Thisjacketismadeofcotton.Englishisspokeninmanycountriesintheworld.重申換作的承受者時。Eg:Theboywassavedatlast.四．主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的步驟主動句:Theboybrokethewindowyesterday.被動句:Thewindowwasbrokenbytheboyyesterday.步驟一：原句中的賓語thewindow變?yōu)開________。步驟二：謂語動詞broke改為________形式：wasbroken步驟三：原句中的主語Theboy放在________的后邊。步驟四：其余成分如：yesterday__________。

五．被動語態(tài)在各樣時態(tài)中的組成1.一般此刻時的被動語態(tài)組成：一定句：主語+am/is/are+pp.+其余.Eg:ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(主動語態(tài))English___________bymanypeople.(被動語態(tài))一般疑問句及其答語：Am/Is/Are+主語+pp.+其余______EnglishspokenbymanypeopleYes,________./No,______________.否認(rèn)句：主語+am/is/are+not+pp.+其余.Englishis______spokenbymanypeople.典型例題：將以下主動句改為被動句1)Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroom______________by_____everyday.2)Theyplanttreesaroundourschooleveryyear.Trees____________bythemaroundourschooleveryyear.3)Weusethecomputertosende-mails.Thecomputer__________________sende-mailsbyus.4)MostpeoplespeakEnglishasasecondlanguage.Englishmostpeopleasasecondlanguage.5)Carelessdrivingcausesmanytrafficaccidents.Manytrafficaccidents______________________carelessdriving.6)HanHan’sbooksarepopular.Theybymanyteenagers.7)A.isreadB.wasread8)—Whatlanguages______inthatcountry？9)—GermanandEnglish.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)組成：一定句：主語+was/were+pp.+其余.Eg:Thechildrengavetheforeignguestsawarmwelcome.(主動語態(tài))Theforeignguests________________awarmwelcomebythechildren.(被動語態(tài))一般疑問句及其答語：Was/Were+主語+pp.+其余__________theforeignguestsgivenawarmwelcomebythechildrenYes,_______________./No,__________________.否認(rèn)句：主語+wasn’t/weren’t+pp.+其余.Theforeignguests__________givenawarmwelcomebythechildren.典型例題：1)Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeople’slifealotsiit_________.A.inventsB.inventedC.isinventedD.wasinvented2)OnJune11th,2013,Shenzhou-10carryingthreeastronauts_____intospacefromthespacecenterinJiuquan.AlltheChinesepeopleareproudofitssuccessfullaunch.C.wassentup4)Manyhouses_____bytheearthquakeandthousandsofpeoplewerelefthomeless.(2015廣州)3.一般未來時的被動語態(tài)組成：主語+will/shallbe+pp.+其余.Eg:Theywillaskyoualotofstrangequestions.(主動語態(tài))You__________________alotofstrangequestionsbythem.(被動語態(tài))典型例題：Thesportsmeeting_________nextmonth.C.willbeheld此刻進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)組成:主語+am/is/arebeing+pp.+其余.Eg:1)UncleWangisrepairingmybikenow.(主動語態(tài))Mybike_________________byTomnow.(被動語態(tài))2)Theyareplantingtreesoverthere.(主動語態(tài))Trees_______________________overtherebythem.(被動語態(tài))典型例題：1)Look!Theroadsnow.A.arebeingwidenedB.arewidenedC.aretowidenD.arewidening2)Asciencelabinourschoolnow.此刻達(dá)成時的被動語態(tài)組成：主語+have/hasbeen+pp.+其余.Eg:Lucyhastranslatedthisbookintomanylanguages.(主動語態(tài))Thisbook___________________________intomanylanguagesbyLucy.(被動語態(tài))典型例題：1)Papermoneyforoverathousandyears.A.usedD.isusing2)Greatchangesinmyhometownandyoucanseealotoffactories.A.havebeentakenplace;arebeingsetupB.havetakenplace;havebeensetupC.aretakenplace;hadbeensetupD.hadtakenplace;willbesetup3)Comeandsitdownbythefire.Yourhandscold.D.havefelt4)—Wewanttositatthetablenearthewindow.—I’msorry,butitalready.A.hastakenB.took

5)I_____scaredofdogseversinceadoghurtmewhenIwasfiveyearsold.過去達(dá)成時的被動語態(tài)組成：主語+hadbeen+pp.+其他.Eg:Somebodyhadcleanedmyshoes.(主動語態(tài))→Myshoes______________________bysomebody.(被動語態(tài))隨堂練：語法選擇1)EverytimeTim______aquestion,hejustkeepssilent.2)Differentkindsofinformation_____byhiminthisway.D.arelearnedIcan’tunderstandwhatthebookisaboutbecauseit______inEnglish.A.writesB.willwriteC.willbewrittenD.iswritten4)Tomygreatsurprise,thefamousathlete’sstory_______differentlyinthenewspapers.A.wasreportedB.reported5)(2016·江蘇淮安)—AuntLi,whoistheprettygirlinredinthepicture—It’smydaughter.Thepicture________10yearsago.6)We’resurethattheenvironmentinourcity________greatlythroughourworkinthenearfuture.將以下句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)(2015·新疆)Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool.Theirclassroom_____often________bythemafterschool.Sheuseshercomputertoworkeveryday._________________________________________________Mr.BlackwroteanEnglishletterjustnow.AnEnglishletter___________________byMr.Blackjustnow.4)PeoplegrowriceinthesouthernpartofChina.Rice_________________inthesouthernpartofChinabypeople.Thegreatdirectormakeswonderfulnewmovies._________________________________________________.神態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)觀點：含神態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)說明某個被動性動作所反應(yīng)出的感情和態(tài)度。組成：主語＋神態(tài)動詞(can,may,must,need,should等)+be+pp.＋其余.分別表示“能夠被”，“能夠被”，“一定被”，“需要被”，“應(yīng)當(dāng)被”等。Eg:Imustdothisworkatonce.(主動語態(tài))→Thiswork__________________bymeatonce.(被動語態(tài))________thiswork____________atonce(被動語態(tài))典型例題：1)Teenagersallowedtodrive.C.notshouldbe2)—Clark,yourroomisreallyinamess.Itneeds_______.—Sorry,mum.I’lldoitatonce.D.tobecleaned3)WiththehelpofthepeoplearoundChina,manybeautifulnewbuildingshereandthereintheearthquake-hitareainSichuan.C.willsee.被動語態(tài)的注意事項Therebe構(gòu)造沒有被動語態(tài)。主動句中賓語是反身代詞的沒有被動語態(tài)。不及物動詞，連系動詞及短語不可以用于被動語態(tài)，常有的有:happen,appear,stay,breakout,takeplace,belongto,cometrue,comeout等。Eg:Thefamouswriter’snewbookwillcomeoutsoon.有些不及物動詞加介詞組成及物動詞短語，假如變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài),不可以把動詞后的介詞扔掉。Eg:Helooksafterhisyoungersister.→Hisyoungersisteris_______________byhim.主語是感覺的對象，動詞表示給人以什么樣的感覺，如:smell(聞起來)，taste(嘗起來)，feel(摸起來)，look(看起來)，sound(聽起來)往常用作連系動詞，后邊用形容詞作表語，不用于被動語態(tài)。Eg:Thesilkfeelssoft.典型例題：Thispairofshoes________hand,andit_______verycomfortable.A.ismadewith;isfeltB.aremadefrom;isfeltC.aremadeof;feelsD.ismadeby;feels6.不定式在形容詞后做狀語時組成be+adj.+todo構(gòu)造時，不定式不用于被動語態(tài)。常有的形容詞有easy,hard,difficult等。Eg:Thequestioniseasytoanswer.7.在require,need等后用動名詞主動形式表示被動意義，也能夠用不定式被動語態(tài)。Eg:Myoldbikeneeds____________.=Myoldbikeneedstoberepaired.8.有些動詞（如感官動詞和使役動詞）后跟不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語，但改為被動構(gòu)造后要加上“to?！?/p>

Eg:1)Weheardhimsinginginhisroomjustnow.Hewasheard__________inhisroomjustnow.Thegreatnewsmadeherfeelhappy.Shewasmade__________happybythegreatnews.典型例題：Ifyouseethecartoonfilm,youwill___laugh.有兩個賓語的句子的被動語態(tài)：A.可有兩種被動語態(tài)的常用動詞有：buy,give,leave,lend,offer,pay,teach,tell,show等。1)Hegavemethebookjustnow.→_____________wasgiventome(byhim)justnow.=_______wasgiventhebook(byhim)justnow.Theyshowtheguardtheirpassportsattheentrancetothebuilding.______________________wereshowntotheguardbythemattheentrancetothebuilding.=________________wasshownthepassportsbythemattheentrancetothebuilding.B.往常用直接賓語作被動語態(tài)主語的一些動詞有:bring,do,make,pass,sell,send,sing,write等。1)Hewroteheraletter.→_______waswrittentoher.2)Mymothermademeaskirt._______________wasmade(forme)bymymother.隨堂練：語法選擇1)—It’sdifficulttogettotheothersideoftheriver.—Ithinkabridge__________overtheriversothatpeoplecangettheothersideeasily.A.shouldbebuiltB.shouldbuildC.maybuildD.maybebuilt2)—HowoftendoIneedtowatertheflowers—They_________everyday,ortheywillwither(枯敗).A.mustwaterB.mustn’twaterC.mustbewateredD.mustn’tbewatered3)Thedictionarymay______forthreeweeks.(2016·廣西貴賓)Theteenagers________tochoosetheirownclothes.A.allowB.allowedC.areallowingD.shouldbeallowed5)(2016·湖北孝感)—What’sthemeaningoftheactivity“Let’ssave”—Papershouldn’t______ineverydaylife.將以下句子改為被動句1)WeshouldhelpMarywithswimming.Mary____________________withswimmingbyus.2)Hishairistoolong.Heshouldhaveitcut.Hishairistoolong.It___________________.3)DadboughtmeanMP5playerafewdaysago.AnMP5player__________________________________afewdaysagobyDad.4)Myauntgavemeabookonmybirthday.a.I_________________abookonmybirthdaybymyaunt.b.Abook__________________________meonmybirthdaybymyaunt.5)YesterdayInoticedJimplaysoccerintheyard.YesterdayJim___________________________________intheyardbyme.被動語態(tài)大操練一.將以下主動句改為被動句1.TheywritebusinesslettersinEnglish.Businessletters___________________Englishbythem.2.TheymakecomputersintheUSA.Computers___________________intheUSAbythem.3.TheygrowriceinSouthChina.Rice___________________inSouthChinabythem.HeoftenseestheboysfromClass3playfootballontheplayground.TheboysfromClass3________often_________________________footballontheplayground.Ioftenhearhersingintheclassroom.She_____often____________________intheclassroom.6.Theybuiltthebridgethreeyearsago.Thebridge__________________bythemthreeyearsago.7.Tombroketheglassjustnow.Theglass___________________________Tomjustnow.8.Twosmallboysatethebigfishamomentago.Thebigfish___________bytwosmallboysamomentago.9.Theyspoketotheoldpeoplepolitelyjustnow.Theoldpeople____________________________politelybythemjustnow.10.Herfatherboughtheranewbikelastweek.Anewbike_____________________________herbyherfatherlastweek.Wesawmanychildrenplaygamesintheplayhouse.Manychildren__________________________gamesintheplayhousebyus.Thestorymadeuslaugh.We________________________________bythestory.13.TheywatchedhimsurfinHawaiithreemonthsago.He___________________________________inHawaiithreemonthsago.14.Teachersmusttakegoodcareofthestudents.Thestudents______________goodcareofbytheteachers.15.Youmustn’tputyourbikehere.

Yourbike_____________________________here.16.Youmustcorrectthemistakesatonce.Themistakes__________________________atonce.17.Theyshouldcutthemeatintosmallpieces.Themeat_________________________intosmallpieces.18.Wemustkeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.Ourclassroom_______________________cleanandtidy.19.Wemuststoppeoplefromcuttingdownthetrees.People___________________fromcuttingdownthetrees.20.Nobodycananswerthequestion.Thequestion__________________________byanybody.21.Peoplehavevisitedthemoonalready.Themoon______________________bypeoplealready.Chinahassentupman-madesatellitesintospacealready.Man-madesatellites____________________________byChinaalready.WehavebeatentheJapaneseteam.TheJapaneseteam__________________________byus.24.Thepolicemanhascaughttherobbersalready.Therobbers_________________bythepolicemanalready..2011-2015中考鏈接1.Thequestion______byussoon.A.isgoingtodiscussB.willdiscussTheoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident,sohe______.C.mustbelookedafterD.musttakecareof3.Allthenewwords______upinthedictionaryyet.A.havelookedB.haven’tlookedC.havebeenlookedD.haven’tbeenlooked4.Therewasnoroomforyou.Alltheseats______.5.Amodelship______hissonbyMr.More.A.wasmadeforB.wasmadetoC.madeforD.makesfor6.—Dad,pleaseopenthedoor,it______.—OK,dear.Iamcoming.D.waslocked7.Thiskindofsweater______verysoft.D.isfeeling—Haveallthestudentsknownthatourclasswillvisitthefactorythisafternoon—Yes.Everystudent______aboutit.9.Thecake______delicious.10.Myfatherhasgivenupsmokingsincehe______on.A.willoperateB.willbeoperatedC.operatedD.wasoperated11.Anewschool______thesedays.A.isbuildingB.isbuiltC.willbuildD.isbeingbuilt12.When_____theaccident________A.was;happenedB.has;happenedC.was;happeningD.did;happenI_________therewouldbeafootballmatchonChanneltomorrow.D.willbetold14.—When______thiskindofcomputer_______—Lastyear.A.is;usedB.was;usedC.did;useD.are;usedThenewcomputers_______tothevillageschoolaspresentslastmonth.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister______,todayhewasmade____byher.A.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cry三．2016中考鏈接1.(2016黃石)—Whydoestheearthlookblueinspace—Becausemostoftheearth’ssurface______waterby.D.arecovered2.(2016菏澤)Whenyougoabroad,you’llfindthatsomanyproductsinlocalshopsinChina.(2016鄂州)—AsChinagrowsstrongerandstronger,Chinese_____inmoreandmoreschoolsoutofourcountry.—That’strue.AsaChinese,Ifeelveryproud．4.(2016漳州)Ifadrivertoparkinthewrongplace,he’llgetafine.C.hasfound5.(2016廈門)—Thesedays,teenagersoftenhavetodowhatthey____to.—It’snotgoodfortheirindependence.Theyneedtothinkontheirown.C.aretold(2016十堰)Ayearhasfourseasonsandit______twelvemonths.C.wasdividedintoD.isdividedinto(2016鹽城)InSwitzerland,thingslikeglassandplasticintodifferentgroupsandthenrecycled.

A.separateB.separatedC.areseparatedD.isseparated8.(2016南充)Chinesebymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.A.isspokenB.spokeC.arespokenD.speaks9.(2016瀘州)Everyyearmanytreesalongthestreetstomakeourcitymorebeautiful.A.plantB.haveplantedC.ar