河南省三市許昌濟(jì)源平頂山2020屆高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考試題【含答案】

河南省三市（許昌、濟(jì)源、平頂山）2020屆高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)題考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試卷和答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是B。1.WhatdoesthemanalwaysdoonSaturday?A.Seeafilm.B.Haveaclass.C.Reviewhisnotes.2.Howdoeshewomandealwithdifficultlectures?A.Byrecordingthem.B.BytalkingwithlecturersC.Byattendingthemagain.3.Wherewillthemanfetchhisnotebook?A.Inthelibrary.B.Intheclassroom.C.Intheteachers'office.4.Whatkindofmusicdoesthemanoftenlistento?A.Jazzmusic.B.Classicalmusic.C.Rockmusic.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Sarah'shappyretirement.B.Theman'sartclasses.C.Theirhobbies.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)成獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6.Whydoesthemanapologizetothewoman?A.Helostherdictionary.B.Hemadeherdeskdirty.C.Hedamagedherglasses.7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Buyheranicecream.B.Lookupsomenewwords.C.Tidyupherdeskcarefully.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。8.Whatmakesthemanchangehisappointment?A.Anunexpectedvisitor.B.Hisurgentproblematwork.C.Thetrafficduetothebadweather.9.WhenwillthemanmeetDr.Martin?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。10.WhatcanpeopleenjoyinRichmond?A.Localfoods.B.Localartworks.C.Localshoppingcenters.11.HowfarawayisSunValleyfromRichmond?A.5minutes'walk.B.10minutes'walk.C.15minutes'bikeride.12.Wheredothespeakersdecidetosay?A.Inatent.B.Inahotel.C.Inavillager'shouse.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Journalistandsportsman.C.Interviewerandjobapplicant.14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofateacher'swork?A.Easy.B.Boring.C.Challenging.15.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoing?A.Playingsports.B.Watchingsports.C.Teachingsports.16.Whatdoesthemanvaluemostaboutdoingsports?A.Teachtheyoungimportantlifelessons.B.Trytomaintainmentalwell-being.c.Makeeffortstokeepphysicallyfit.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。17.WhatdoesVolterman'sSmartWalletfocuson?A.Thefunction.B.Thedesign.C.Thesecurity.18.Whatwillinformyouofyourphoneandwalletbeingapart?A.Thealarm.B.ThecameraC.TheGPStracker.19.Whatcanyoureceiveifsomeoneopensyourwalletsecretly?A.Apictureofhim.B.Avoicefromthephone.C.Amessagefromthewallet.20.WhyisVolterman'sSmartWalletsuitablefortravel?A.Itdoesn'tneedtorecharge.B.Itislightandeasytocarry.C.Ithasalargecapacityforpictures.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHowtospendaholidaywithoutsendingyoursavingsintoanosedive?TakealookattheseheavenlyandaffordablehideawaysinBahamas.PigeonCayBeachClub,CatIslandPigeonCayBeachClubislocatedonthelargelyundevelopedCatIsland,whereit'spossibletowandertheverybeautifulcoastlineformileswithoutspottingasoul-oraboat,dock(碼頭)orJetSki.TVs.AC,andWi-Fiareallhappilyoff-duty,leavinggueststoexploretheislandbybike,canoe.orkayak(皮艇)(allfreetouse)orquietlydropbythehonor-systembeachbar.UniqueVillage,EleutheraThis14-roomhotelstandsproudoverthequietPoponiBench,whichisrarelycrowdeddespitebeingwell-knownforisprettypinksands.UniqueVillagehasacasualopen-airrestaurantandanoutdoorpool,anditscious(寬敞的).air-conditionedroomshavesimplesandbrightislanddecoration,freeWi-Fi,andoutdoorbalcony-allfacingtheocean.StellaMarisResortClub,LongIslandIfyou'relookingforcasual,cheerful,andcheap,thebeachfrontStellaMarisResortClubmorethanfitsthebill.Thelarge,family-ownedcomplexonbeautifulandremoteLongIslandisabargainforiscompetitiverates,freeactivities,andaccommodationsthatcansuitlargerparties(thereare27hotelrooms,cottages.houses).Oneofthehighlightsoftheresort(度假勝地)isitsrangeofactivities,manyofwhicharefree,includingdayrips,boating.naturewalks,caving,kayaking.andwineparties.StFrancisResort,StockingIslandStockingIslandisjustaboutasremoteasyoucanget.Theislandisonlyaccessiblebyboat,andhaslittlehumandevelopment;nocars,noroads,andabouttwodozenresidents.ThequietandhomeyStFrancisResortfitsrightinwithitssurroundings,offeringeightciousroomsoverlookingtheocean,twobeaches,andfreekayak.In-roombreakfast,Wi-Fi,andtransportfromGeorgeTownareallfree.1.Whichisthebestchoiceifyouwanttohaveaquietdrink?A.PigeonCayBeachClub. B.UniqueVillage.C.StcllaMarisResortClub. D.StFrancisResort.2.WhatmayattractyoumotinStellaMarisResortClub?A.Uniquesands. B.Anoutdoorpool.C.Diverseactivities. D.Aquietbeachbar.3.WhatdoUniqueVillageandStFrancisResorthaveincommon?A.Limiteddevelopment. B.FreeInternetaccess.C.Anoutdoorrestaurant. D.Meansofbeingreached.1.A2.C3.B【分析】這是一則旅游廣告。文章介紹隱藏在巴哈馬群島的旅游景點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PigeonCayBeachClub,CatIsland中l(wèi)eavinggueststoexploretheislandbybike,canoe.orkayak(皮艇)(allfreetouse)orquietlydropbythehonor-systembeachbar.“離開(kāi)客人騎自行車(chē)，獨(dú)木舟探索島嶼?；蛘邉潽?dú)木舟(免費(fèi)使用)，或者悄悄去榮譽(yù)系統(tǒng)海灘酒吧?！庇纱丝芍?，如果你想安靜地喝一杯，那最好的選擇是PigeonCayBeachClub。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)StellaMarisResortClub,LongIsland中Oneofthehighlightsoftheresort(度假勝地)isitsrangeofactivities,manyofwhicharefree,includingdayrips,boating.naturewalks,caving,kayaking.andwineparties.“這個(gè)度假勝地的亮點(diǎn)之一是它的各種活動(dòng)，其中許多活動(dòng)都是免費(fèi)的，包括白天劃船。自然散步，洞穴探險(xiǎn)，皮劃艇。和酒派對(duì)?！庇纱丝芍?，在StellaMaris度假俱樂(lè)部，各種各樣的活動(dòng)最能吸引你。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)UniqueVillage,Eleuthera中freeWi-Fi,和StFrancisResort,StockingIsland中In-roombreakfast,Wi-Fi,andtransportfromGeorgeTownareallfree.可知，UniqueVillage和StFrancisResort的共同點(diǎn)是“免費(fèi)上網(wǎng)”。故選B。在細(xì)節(jié)考查題中有一類(lèi)事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。該題屬于細(xì)節(jié)類(lèi)型的閱讀理解題，一般只針對(duì)某個(gè)特定的細(xì)節(jié)，題型可以多種多樣。此類(lèi)題型一般分兩種。第一種是直接理解題，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二種是詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，正確選項(xiàng)是原文有關(guān)詞語(yǔ)和句子的轉(zhuǎn)換。做此類(lèi)試題一定要抓住事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、發(fā)展過(guò)程和結(jié)局等環(huán)節(jié)，所選答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生義。本題第2小題，根據(jù)StellaMarisResortClub,LongIsland中Oneofthehighlightsoftheresort(度假勝地)isitsrangeofactivities,manyofwhicharefree,includingdayrips,boating.naturewalks,caving,kayaking.andwineparties.“這個(gè)度假勝地的亮點(diǎn)之一是它的各種活動(dòng)，其中許多活動(dòng)都是免費(fèi)的，包括白天劃船。自然散步，洞穴探險(xiǎn)，皮劃艇。和酒派對(duì)?！庇纱丝芍赟tellaMaris度假俱樂(lè)部，各種各樣的活動(dòng)最能吸引你。故選C。BAyoungfemaleathleteinthePhilippinesrecentlywonmultiplegoldmedalsforherschoolduringaprovincialsportsdespitenothavingproperrunningshoes.RheaBallos,an11-yearoldstudentofSalvacionElementarySchoolinBalasan,Iloilo,wasonlywearingbandagesaroundherfeetwhenshecompetedattheIloiloSchoolsSportsMeet.userValenzuelapostedimagesofthegirlwithherfeetwrappedinbrownplaster(石膏)bandagesbearingthefamousNikelogo.Ballosevenwrotetheword"NIKE"onthesidesofher"shoes"tocompletethe"Nikerunningshoes"look.Thebandagesweretightlywrappedaroundherfeet,creatingathinprotectivelayeragainstthetrack.Whileshewasvirtually(實(shí)質(zhì)上)barefootduringtheraces,shewasstillabletodefeatheropponents(對(duì)手)whoallworeproperfootwearintendedforrunning.Accordingtothepost,Ballosbaggedthetopawardsinthe400-meterdash,the800-meterrun,andthe1500-meterrunintheinter-schoolsportingeventheldinIloil,centralPhilippines.Whenimagesofher"Nike"footwearwerespreadwidely,Filipinosonsocialmediashoweredherwithpraisesforherdedicationandcharacter.Manynotedthatinsteadofwallowinginself-pity.shewasevenabletomakelightofthesituationbydrawingtheNikelogoonher"runningshoes."SomeofthecommentersofValenzuela'spostexpressedhowthegirldeservedtoberecognizedbyNikeandthatthebrandshouldactuallygiveheranewpairofrealNikeshoes.ItdidnottakelongforJefferyCariaso,afamouscoach,totakenoticeofBallos'outstandingperformance.Heimmediatelymadeanefforttogetintouchwiththeyoungtrackrunnertohelpher.4.Infact,Ballos"shoes"are.A.anad B.abargainC.acopy D.asubstitute5.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto"wallowingin"inparagraph5?A.Beinglostin. B.Beingproudof.C.Makinguseof. D.Givingignoranceto.6.WhatmadeCariasooffertohelpBallos?A.Hersuperpower. B.Herdetermination.CHerattitudetotheevent. D.Commenters'suggestions.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ALuckyRunner B.APairof"Nike"ShoesC.ACreativeBrand D.AnEye-catchingGame4.D5.A6.A7.B這是一篇記敘文。本文講述的是一名叫Ballos的女孩自制的一雙“耐克”鞋。當(dāng)她的“耐克”鞋的圖片被廣泛傳播時(shí)，菲律賓人在社交媒體上對(duì)她的奉獻(xiàn)和品格大加贊揚(yáng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中userValenzuelapostedimagesofthegirlwithherfeetwrappedinbrownplaster(石膏)bandagesbearingthefamousNikelogo.Ballosevenwrotetheword"NIKE"onthesidesofher"shoes"tocompletethe"Nikerunningshoes"look.用戶(hù)巴倫蘇埃拉上傳了這名女孩的照片，照片中她的腳被棕色石膏繃帶包裹著，繃帶上有著名的耐克商標(biāo)。為了完成“耐克跑鞋”的造型，巴羅斯甚至在她的“鞋”側(cè)面寫(xiě)上了“耐克”兩個(gè)字。由此可知，事實(shí)上，Ballos的“鞋”是一種替代品。故選D?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Whenimagesofher"Nike"footwearwerespreadwidely,Filipinosonsocialmediashoweredherwithpraisesforherdedicationandcharacter.“當(dāng)她的“耐克”鞋的圖片被廣泛傳播時(shí)，菲律賓人在社交媒體上對(duì)她的奉獻(xiàn)和品格大加贊揚(yáng)?！痹俑鶕?jù)第五段中的shewasevenabletomakelightofthesituationbydrawingtheNikelogoonher"runningshoes.“她甚至可以通過(guò)在她的“跑鞋”上畫(huà)耐克的標(biāo)志來(lái)輕松應(yīng)對(duì)這種情況?！庇纱送浦琈anynotedthatinsteadofwallowinginself-pity“許多人指出，與其沉溺于自憐”中劃線(xiàn)詞wallowingin的意思是“迷戀，沉溺于”。故選A。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中ItdidnottakelongforJefferyCariaso,afamouscoach,totakenoticeofBallos'outstandingperformance.Heimmediatelymadeanefforttogetintouchwiththeyoungtrackrunnertohelpher.“沒(méi)過(guò)多久，著名的教練杰弗里·卡里阿索就注意到了巴羅斯的杰出表現(xiàn)。他立即作出努力與年輕的田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)員取得聯(lián)系，以幫助她?！庇纱丝芍?，她的超能力讓Cariaso主動(dòng)提出幫助Ballos。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段userValenzuelapostedimagesofthegirlwithherfeetwrappedinbrownplaster(石膏)bandagesbearingthefamousNikelogo.Ballosevenwrotetheword"NIKE"onthesidesofher"shoes"tocompletethe"Nikerunningshoes"look.Thebandagesweretightlywrappedaroundherfeet,creatingathinprotectivelayeragainstthetrack.“用戶(hù)巴倫蘇埃拉上傳了這名女孩的照片，照片中她的腳被棕色石膏繃帶包裹著，繃帶上有著名的耐克商標(biāo)。為了完成“耐克跑鞋”的造型，巴羅斯甚至在她的“鞋”側(cè)面寫(xiě)上了“耐克”兩個(gè)字?？噹Ьo緊地纏在她的腳上，形成了一層薄薄的保護(hù)層?！庇纱丝芍疚闹v述的是一雙自制的“耐克”鞋。故選B。CSeaotters(海獺)areprettysmallcomparedtoothermarinemammals(哺乳動(dòng)物).whichmeansthat,despitetheirfurcoats,theytendtolosehetquickly,andneedlotsofenergytokeepuptheirbodytemperature."Sotheyneedtoeat25percentoftheirbodyweighteachday,"saysSarahMcKayStrobel,asensoryecologistatUCSantaCruz."Butinordertoeatthatmuchfood,thatmeansseaottersneedtofindallthatfood."Shestudiedtheotter'ssenses,tosolvethemysteryofhowthey'resuchefficientfoodcatchers.Visionisn'treliable,shesays-it'sprettydarkandmuddyunderwater,andcrabsandothersmalleranimalstendtohide.Hearingisalsotoughforotters,inthenoisyunderwaterenvironment.Andsniffing'snogoodeither."Whenthey'reunderwaterthey'reholdingtheirbreath."What'sleftistouch.SoStrobelmeasuredthesensitivityoftheotters'pawsandwhiskers(須).SheblindfoldedanotternamedSelka,thenpresenteditwithplasticplatescarvedwithtinygrooves(溝槽).Selka'sjobwastoselecttheplatewithtwo-millimertergrooves,whichshe'dbeentrainedtoassociatewithtastyfood,insteadofplateswithdifferentlysizedgrooves.Tumsout,Selkacouldtelljustaquartermillimeterdifferenceinthegrooves'withwithherpaws-aboveandbelowwater-andhallamillimeterdifferencewithherwhiskers."ThefactthatshewasabletoperformsowellwhilemovingextremelyquicklyIthinkisreallyinterestingandsuggeststhatseaottershaveveryquickdecision-makingabilitiesandveryquicksensoryprocessingabilities,whichmakessensewhenyouthinkaboutthetypeoflifestyletheyleadandhowquicklytheyneedtofindfood."Fortherecord,humanscanfeelthedifferencetoo,butittakesus30timeslonger,whichmightmakesense.Afterall,weliveinenvironmentswheretouchislessimportantinahuntthansightandsound.8.Whydoseaotterseatmuchfood?A.Toswimfaster. B.Tostaywarm.C.Tokeeptheirfurthick. D.Tosatisfytheirgoodappetite.9.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.AnintroductiontoSelka. B.Theuseofplasticplates.C.AnexperimentonSelka. D.Thefunctionofotters'touch.10.WhatdidStrobelfindaboutseaotters'senses?A.Hearingisuseless. B.Touchisthemostelective.C.Theyhavenovision. D.Theirsmellworksverywell.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Seaottershaveenoughfoodtoeat.B.Humansaremoresensitivethanseaotters.C.Seaottersrespondveryquicklyinhunting.D.Seaotters'whiskersworkbetterthanpaws.8.B9.C10.B11.C【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹海獺的生活習(xí)性?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中theytendtolosehetquickly,andneedlotsofenergytokeepuptheirbodytemperature.“它們往往很快就會(huì)失去熱量，需要大量的能量來(lái)維持體溫?！庇纱丝芍?，海獺吃很多食物是為了保持溫暖。故選B。【9題詳解】段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段中SheblindfoldedanotternamedSelka,thenpresenteditwithplasticplatescarvedwithtinygrooves(溝槽).Selka'sjobwastoselecttheplatewithtwo-millimertergrooves,whichshe'dbeentrainedtoassociatewithtastyfood,insteadofplateswithdifferentlysizedgrooves.“她蒙住一只名叫塞爾卡的水獺的眼睛，然后給它看刻著細(xì)小溝槽的塑料盤(pán)子。塞爾卡的工作是選擇帶有兩米里默特凹槽的盤(pán)子，她被訓(xùn)練將其與美味食物聯(lián)系起來(lái)，而不是選擇帶有不同大小凹槽的盤(pán)子?！庇纱丝芍?，第三段講述的是“Selka的一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)?！惫蔬xC?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句What'sleftistouch.SoStrobelmeasuredthesensitivityoftheotters'pawsandwhiskers(須).“剩下的是觸覺(jué)。因此，Strobel測(cè)量了水獺爪子和胡須的敏感度?！庇纱丝芍琒trobel發(fā)現(xiàn)了海獺的觸覺(jué)是最具選擇性的。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中ThefactthatshewasabletoperformsowellwhilemovingextremelyquicklyIthinkisreallyinterestingandsuggeststhatseaottershaveveryquickdecision-makingabilitiesandveryquicksensoryprocessingabilities,“她在移動(dòng)速度非常快的情況下表現(xiàn)得如此出色，我認(rèn)為這一點(diǎn)非常有趣，這表明海獺具有非常快的決策能力和感官處理能力，”由此可知，海獺在捕獵時(shí)反應(yīng)很快。故選C。推理判斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定的推理判斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話(huà)，也可能是某幾句話(huà)，所以，推理題的答案只能是根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對(duì)原文某一句話(huà)或某幾句話(huà)所作的同義改寫(xiě)或綜合。推理判斷題的題干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,concludeindicate等標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)。本題第4小題，根據(jù)第四段中ThefactthatshewasabletoperformsowellwhilemovingextremelyquicklyIthinkisreallyinterestingandsuggeststhatseaottershaveveryquickdecision-makingabilitiesandveryquicksensoryprocessingabilities,“她在移動(dòng)速度非?？斓那闆r下表現(xiàn)得如此出色，我認(rèn)為這一點(diǎn)非常有趣，這表明海獺具有非?？斓臎Q策能力和感官處理能力，”由此可知，海獺在捕獵時(shí)反應(yīng)很快。故選C。DTheUnitedStatesceagency,NASA.saysitsMarsexplorationvehiclerecentlyrecordedahighlevelofmethane(甲烷)gasontheplanet.ThediscoveryisexcitingbecausethepresenceofmethanegascouldsupportthecaseforlifeonMars.NASA'sCuriosityvehiclerecentlyrecodedthelargestlevelofmethaneevermeasuredduringitsseven-yearMarsmission.Methanehasnocolororsmell.AspecialinstrumentonCuriosity'sManScienceLaboratoryrecordedtheincreasedgaslevel.ThedevicemeasureslevelsofchemicalelementsandgasesintheMarianatmosphere.Inadditiontomethane,theinstrumentcanrecordlevelsofwaterandcarbondioxide.NearlyallthemethanegasfoundinEarth'satmosphereisproducedbylivingthing.Itusuallycomesfromanimalandplantlife.Butitcanalsobeformedbygeological(地質(zhì)的)processes,suchasinteractions.betweenrocksandwater.ItwasnotthefirsttimeCuriosityhadfoundmethanegasintheMartianatmosphere.Aboutayearago,NASAannouncedthatCuriosityhaddiscoveredsharpseasonalincreasesinthegas.Thistime,NASAsaidthemeasuredmethanegaslevelwasclearlylargerthananyothersobservedinthepast."It'sexcitingbecausemicrobial(微生物的)lifeisanimportantsourceofmethaneonEarth,"NASAsaidinastatementannouncingthediscovery.However,Curiosity'steamcarriedoutafollow-upmethaneexperimentthatshowedasharpdropinlevelsofthegas.Thatnumberwas"closetothebackgroundlevelsCuriosityseesallthetime."NASAsaid.TheriseandfallofthemethanegaslevelsleftNASAscientistswithmorequestionsthananswers."Themethanemysterycontinues,"saidAshwinVasavada.Curiosity'sprojectscientist,"We'remoremotivatedthanevertokeepmeasuringandputourbrainstogethertofigureouthowmethanebehavesintheMarianatmosphere."12.Whatdoweknowaboutmethanego?A.Itisamusttolivingthings. B.Itcanbefoundeverywhere.C.Itsmellslikecarbondioxide. D.It'smainlyfrombiologicalactivity.13WhatdotheexplorationsonManstellus?A.HumanshaveknownmuchaboutMars.B.TherewillbemoremethanegasonMars.C.Thereisnoprogressinthe7year'sresearch.D.ThelevelofmethanegasonMarsisnotstable.14.WhatdoesthediscoverymeaninNASA'sview?A.TheremayexistlifeonMars.B.MethanegasonMarshasasuddenincrease.C.ThemysteryaboutMarswillbesolvedsoon.D.They'reknownhowmethaneasisformedonMans.15.HowdotheNASA'sscientistsfeelabouttheirfutureexploration?AAimless. B.Confident.C.Stressed. D.Serious.12.D13.D14.A15.B這是一篇科普說(shuō)明文。美國(guó)宇航局，NASA，稱(chēng)其火星探測(cè)車(chē)最近在火星上記錄到高水平的甲烷氣體。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)令人興奮，因?yàn)榧淄闅怏w的存在可能支持火星上存在生命的說(shuō)法?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中NearlyallthemethanegasfoundinEarth'satmosphereisproducedbylivingthing.Itusuallycomesfromanimalandplantlife.“地球大氣中幾乎所有的甲烷氣體都是由生物產(chǎn)生的。它通常來(lái)自于動(dòng)物和植物?！庇纱丝芍託庵饕獊?lái)自生物活動(dòng)。故選D。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句TheriseandfallofthemethanegaslevelsleftNASAscientistswithmorequestionsthananswers.“甲烷氣體濃度的上升和下降給NASA的科學(xué)家們留下了更多的問(wèn)題而不是答案。”由此可知，人類(lèi)的探索告訴了我們“火星上的甲烷氣體水平是不穩(wěn)定的?！惫蔬xD?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中Thistime,NASAsaidthemeasuredmethanegaslevelwasclearlylargerthananyothersobservedinthepast."It'sexcitingbecausemicrobial(微生物的)lifeisanimportantsourceofmethaneonEarth,"NASAsaidinastatementannouncingthediscovery.這一次，美國(guó)宇航局表示，測(cè)量到的甲烷氣體水平明顯比以往任何一次觀(guān)測(cè)到的都要高。NASA在宣布這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的聲明中說(shuō):“這很令人興奮，因?yàn)槲⑸锸堑厍蛏霞淄榈闹匾獊?lái)源?！庇纱丝芍贜ASA看來(lái)，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)意味著“火星上可能存在生命?！惫蔬xA?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中We'remoremotivatedthanevertokeepmeasuringandputourbrainstogethertofigureouthowmethanebehavesintheMarianatmosphere.“我們比以往任何時(shí)候都更有動(dòng)力去持續(xù)測(cè)量，并把我們的大腦放在一起，以弄清楚甲烷在Marian大氣中的行為。”由此可知，美國(guó)宇航局的科學(xué)家們對(duì)他們未來(lái)的探索是“自信的”。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Peopleallovertheworldhavesomestrangehobbies,andoneofthemostunusualinBritainis"trainspotting".___16___.Yougrown.upshegrown.upsgrown.upsstandingaroundarailwaystationsandotherplaceswheretrainspassby,andyou'llseethemtakingphotosandexchangingnoteswitheachother.So,whataretheydoing?___17___-thenumbersonthefrontofthetrains,orthemakeandmodelofthe"locomotive(火車(chē)頭)"-thepartofthetrainwhichpullsalltheotherpart.Inthesamewaythatsomepeoplecollecttoysorstamps,thesemencollectandexchangeallkindsofdetailsabouttrainsandrailways.London.___oesbackasfaras1942.Thatyear,ayoungmannamedIanAllanwasworkingatWaterloorailwaystationinLondon.___18___,andquitealotofthequestionshereceivedwereverysimilar.Hefoundhimselfgettingalittleannoyedatsendingthesinerepliestothesamequestions.sohehadawordwithhimboss.Heaskedifhecouldwriteabrochuregivingtheanswerstothemostfrequentlyaskedquestions.Hisbosssaidifhewantedtowastehistimeonsuchaproject,thOK._____19_____.SoOK.hedid.ThebrochurehewrotewastheearliestversionoftheFAQs(常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題)youseeonwebsitesnowadays.1995.____2,000copieswereallsoldindays,andbythe1950s,amillioncopiesofBritishRailwaysLocomotivesweresellingeveryyear.IanAllanwenttobecomeasuccessfulpublisher,andgotanOrderoftheBritishEmpire(OBE,大英帝國(guó)勛章)fromtheQueenin1995.____20____.A.ButheshoulddoitinhisowntimeB.TheyoungmanspentmuchtimeonitC.They'relookingforthetrainsthey'vetakenD.Well,they'recollectinginformationabouttrainsE.It'susuallymenovertheageof40,butnotalwaysF.Hediedin2015,buthistrainspottinghobbylivesonG.Itwashisjobtoanswerlettersfrompeopleabouttrains16.E17.D18.G19.A20.F這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹在英國(guó)最不尋常的奇怪的愛(ài)好“猜火車(chē)”。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文提示“世界各地的人都有一些奇怪的愛(ài)好，其中在英國(guó)最不尋常的是‘猜火車(chē)’?！痹俑鶕?jù)下文提示“你會(huì)看到成年人站在火車(chē)站周?chē)突疖?chē)經(jīng)過(guò)的其他地方，你會(huì)看到他們拍照，互相交換筆記?！背薪由舷挛?，E項(xiàng)It'susuallymenovertheageof40,butnotalways（通常是40歲以上的男性，但也不總是這樣）切題。故選E。【17題詳解】根據(jù)下文提示“火車(chē)前部的號(hào)碼，或者‘火車(chē)頭’的制造和型號(hào)——火車(chē)的一個(gè)部分，帶動(dòng)其他部分?！背薪酉挛?，D項(xiàng)Well,they'recollectinginformationabouttrains（他們?cè)谑占P(guān)于火車(chē)的信息）切題。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文提示“那一年，一個(gè)名叫伊恩·艾倫的年輕人在倫敦滑鐵盧火車(chē)站工作。”再根據(jù)下文提示“他收到的很多問(wèn)題都很相似?！背薪由舷挛?，G項(xiàng)Itwashisjobtoanswerlettersfrompeopleabouttrains（他的工作是回復(fù)人們關(guān)于火車(chē)的來(lái)信）切題。故選G。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文提示“他的老板說(shuō)，如果他想在這樣的項(xiàng)目上浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，沒(méi)問(wèn)題?！痹俑鶕?jù)下文提示“他的確做了?！背薪由舷挛?，A項(xiàng)Butheshoulddoitinhisowntime（但他應(yīng)該在自己的時(shí)間做這件事）切題。故選A。20題詳解】根據(jù)上文提示“伊恩·艾倫成為了一個(gè)成功的出版商，并在1995年從女王那里得到了大英帝國(guó)的勛章?！背薪由衔?，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)Hediedin2015,buthistrainspottinghobbyliveson（他于2015年去世，但他看《猜火車(chē)》的愛(ài)好依然存在）切題。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AteenagerwhooncebecamehomelessgraduatedatthetopofhisclassinHouston,Texasthisweekend.DerrickNgo.18,hada___21___childhood,growingupwithoutafatherandfindinghismotherinandoutofprisonthroughtheyears.Aheadofhis____22____.Ngohadbeento12differentschool,At15,bestartedto____23____onhisownwithsomehelpfromhismother,butitwasbarelyenoughthathe____24____homelessabouttwoyeanlater.Ngo____25____hischildhoodtoVOA."Weoftendidn'thavethatmuchfood.Wedidn'thavethatmuchmoney.Wedidn'thavea____26____sourceofincomeandthatwasoneofmybiggest____27____ingrowingup-thatLackofparental____28____."Determinedtochangehisfuture,Ngo____29____allhisfrustrations(沮喪)intohisstudies-effortsthat____30____landedhimasthetopstudentofhisclassatEnergyInstituteHighSchool."I____31____thatifIdidn'tuseschoold,educationandtheresourcesthatwere____32____tome,thentherewouldbenowaythatIwouldgetoutofthe____33____Iwasin,"hesaid.InDecember,Ngolearnedthathehadbeen____34____byHarvard,wherehewillbeattendingthisfall.Itwas,atfrst,a____35____…IjustgotintoHarvard.Myheartwas____36____."hesaid.Hewasveryexcited.Theyoungman____37____hissuccesstodiscipline(自制力)andlaser-like(激光一樣的)____38____onendgoals."Withadreaminyourheart,youwillhaveaclear___39___thatyou'reworkingtowards.Althoughit'snotrealyet,is____40____thatisgoingtoberealoneday."21.A.happy. B.boring C.troubled D.bright22.A.failure B.difficulty C.independence D.achievement23.A.live B.work C.learn D.train24.A.gotup B.grewup C.brokeup D.endedup25.A.recorded B.repeated C.recalled D.recommended26.A.new B.stable C.re D.balanced27.A.desires B.features C.struggles D.advantage28.A.pressure B.guidance C.training D.introduction29.A.added B.counted C.combined D.directed30.A.firstly B.slightly C.eventually D.unexpectedly31.A.bet B.heard C.wondered D.remembered32.A.donated B.available C.designed D.affordable33.A.trap B.truth C.danger D.circle34.A.told B.invited C.dismissed D.accepted35.A.gift B.pity C.shock D.sympathy36.A.rising B.racing C.beating D.sinking37.A.owes B.devotes C.applies D.contributes38.A.care B.focus C.confidence D.appreciation39.A.goal B.way C.plan D.position40.A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something21.C22.D23.A24.D25.C26.B27.C28.B29.D30.C31.A32.B33.A34.D35.C36.B37.A38.B39.A40.D【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己成功的故事，他把成功歸功于自律和對(duì)最終目標(biāo)的專(zhuān)注?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：18歲的德里克·恩格(Derrickngo)的童年充滿(mǎn)坎坷，他在沒(méi)有父親的環(huán)境中長(zhǎng)大，母親在監(jiān)獄里進(jìn)進(jìn)出出。A.happy高興的；B.boring令人厭煩的；C.troubled混亂的；D.bright明亮的。根據(jù)第1空后的growingupwithoutafatherandfindinghismotherinandoutofprisonthroughtheyears.可知，他的童年充滿(mǎn)坎坷。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他取得成績(jī)之前，Ngo已經(jīng)去過(guò)12所不同的學(xué)校。A.failure失?。籅.difficulty困難；C.independence獨(dú)立；D.achievement成績(jī)。根據(jù)第2空后的Ngohadbeento12differentschool可知，此處指取得成績(jī)之前換了12所學(xué)校。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在他15歲的時(shí)候，他開(kāi)始在母親的幫助下獨(dú)自生活，但這還不夠，大約兩年后他就無(wú)家可歸了。A.live生活，居??；B.work工作；C.learn學(xué)習(xí)；D.train訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)第3空后的onhisownwithsomehelpfromhismother可知，開(kāi)始獨(dú)立生活。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組。句意：在他取得成績(jī)之前，Ngo已經(jīng)去過(guò)12所不同的學(xué)校，在他15歲的時(shí)候，他開(kāi)始在母親的幫助下獨(dú)自生活，但這還不夠，大約兩年后他就無(wú)家可歸了。A.gotup起床；B.grewup成長(zhǎng)；C.brokeup解散，分解；D.endedup結(jié)束。根據(jù)第4空后homelessabouttwoyearslater.可知，為了讓他獨(dú)立生活，最后以無(wú)家可歸而結(jié)束。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Ngo向美國(guó)之音回顧了他的童年。A.recorded記錄；B.repeated重復(fù)；C.recalled回想起；D.recommended推薦。根據(jù)第5空后的hischildhoodtoVOA.可知，此處指回憶起童年。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒(méi)有穩(wěn)定的收入來(lái)源，這是我成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中最大的困難之一——缺乏父母的指導(dǎo)。A.new新的；B.stable牢固的；C.re備用的；D.balanced平衡的。根據(jù)第6空前的Weoftendidn'thavethatmuchfood.Wedidn'thavethatmuchmoney.可知，沒(méi)有固定的收入。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒(méi)有穩(wěn)定的收入來(lái)源，這是我成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中最大的困難之一——缺乏父母的指導(dǎo)。A.desires欲望；B.features特色；C.struggles奮斗，掙扎；D.advantage優(yōu)勢(shì)。根據(jù)第7空前后內(nèi)容Weoftendidn'thavethatmuchfood.Wedidn'thavethatmuchmoney.Wedidn'thavea____6____sourceofincomeandthatwasoneofmybiggest和ingrowingup可知，此處指成長(zhǎng)中的掙扎。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒(méi)有穩(wěn)定的收入來(lái)源，這是我成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中最大的困難之一——缺乏父母的指導(dǎo)。A.pressure壓力；B.guidance指導(dǎo)；C.training訓(xùn)練；D.introduction介紹。前面提到讓他獨(dú)立，最終不讓回家，所以缺少父母的指導(dǎo)。故選B。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Ngo決定改變他的未來(lái)，把他所有的挫折都投入到他的學(xué)習(xí)中，最終使他成為能源研究所高中班里的優(yōu)等生。A.added增加；B.counted計(jì)數(shù)，重要；C.combined結(jié)合；D.directed管理，指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)第9空后的allhisfrustrations(沮喪)intohisstudies-efforts可知，此處指管理自己的學(xué)習(xí)。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Ngo決定改變他的未來(lái)，把他所有的挫折都投入到他的學(xué)習(xí)中，最終使他成為能源研究所高中班里的優(yōu)等生。A.firstly第一；B.slightly稍微地；C.eventually最后；D.unexpectedly未料到地。根據(jù)第10空后的landedhimasthetopstudentofhisclassatEnergyInstituteHighSchool.可知，此處指最后成為優(yōu)等生。故選C。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我敢猜想，如果我不利用學(xué)校、教育和我能得到的資源，那么我就沒(méi)有辦法擺脫我現(xiàn)在所處的困境A.bet猜想；B.heard聽(tīng)見(jiàn)；C.wondered想知道；D.remembered記得。根據(jù)第11空后的ifIdidn'tuseschool,educationandtheresourcesthatwere____12____tome,thentherewouldbenowaythatIwouldgetoutofthe____13____Iwasin可知，作者對(duì)成為優(yōu)等生的理由敢猜想。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我敢猜想，如果我不利用學(xué)校、教育和我能得到的資源，那么我就沒(méi)有辦法擺脫我現(xiàn)在所處的困境A.donated捐贈(zèng)的；B.available可獲得的；C.designed精心設(shè)計(jì)的；D.affordable負(fù)擔(dān)得起的。根據(jù)第12空前的ifIdidn'tuseschool,educationandtheresources可知，作者利用了學(xué)校、教育的資源。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我敢猜想，如果我不利用學(xué)校、教育和我能得到的資源，那么我就沒(méi)有辦法擺脫我現(xiàn)在所處的困境A.trap陷阱；B.truth真理；C.danger危險(xiǎn)；D.circle圓圈。根據(jù)第13空前的ther