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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-昆明冶金高等??茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Amanhastomake______forhisoldagebyputtingasideenoughmoneytoliveonwhenold.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.supply

B.assurance

C.provision

D.adjustment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)supply“提供”;B項(xiàng)assurance“保證、保險(xiǎn)”;C項(xiàng)provision“供應(yīng)、準(zhǔn)備”;D項(xiàng)adjustment“調(diào)整”;句意:一個人必須存下足夠的錢來養(yǎng)老。因此該題C項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

______wassheinLondonthansherangupheroldfriendJane.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nosooner

B.Assoon

C.Onlywhen

D.Rarelywhen

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。Nosooner…than…為固定用法,表示“一……就……”,故A項(xiàng)符合題意。B項(xiàng)assoon和as搭配,表示“一……就……”;C項(xiàng)后面接句子,表示“只有當(dāng)……”;D選項(xiàng)沒有這個用法。句意:她一到倫敦就給她的好朋友簡打電話。故正確答案為A。

3.單選題

2.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Shebearsnoisesinherearsdayandnight.

B.Shehasbeenoverworkingforalongtime.

C.Herrightear,hurtinanaccident,istroublingher.

D.Herearringsaregivinghertroubledayandnight.

【答案】A

【解析】W:Myearsarealwaysringing.DayandnightIcan’tsleep.

M:Whichisyourbadear?

W:Myrightearhurts.

Q:Whydoesthewomanhavetroublesleeping?

【解析】女士在對話中說到難以入眠是因?yàn)镸yearsarealwaysringing(耳朵一直有噪音)。

4.單選題

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Jack’spersonality.

B.Jack’sappearance.

C.Jack’scareer.

D.Jack’sage.

【答案】D

【解析】8.M:Jenny.IknowyoulikeJackalot.Butwhatdoyoulikeabouthim?

W:He’sgentle,patientandmature.Ithinkhe’smyMr.Right.

M:Matureisagoodword.Don’tyouthinkhe’salittleoldforyou?He’salmosttwiceasoldasyouare.

Q:Whatisthemanconcernedabout?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為:這個男人擔(dān)心什么?由文中“Butwhatdoyoulikeabouthim(但你喜歡他哪點(diǎn)呢)”和“He’salmosttwiceasoldasyouare.(他的年齡比你大一倍)”,推測可知D選項(xiàng)“Jack’sage(杰克的年齡)”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“杰克的性格”;B選項(xiàng)“杰克的外表”;C選項(xiàng)“杰克的事業(yè)”不符合原文。

5.單選題

DonHambrick,amanagementprofessoratPennState'sSmealCollegeofBusiness,says"It'sbecomemuchmore_______andalotlessfuntobeanexecutiveordirector."

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sinking

B.indifferent

C.taxing

D.slouching

【答案】C

【解析】sinking沉沒;indifferent無關(guān)緊要的;taxing繁重的,費(fèi)力的;slouching沒精打采的,懶散的。句意:賓夕法尼亞州Smeal大學(xué)商學(xué)院管理學(xué)教授DonHambrick表示:“做一名主管或總監(jiān)更費(fèi)力,也少了許多樂趣。”選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

6.單選題

Almostasa()totherevivalofGreekknowledgeandvaluescametherevivalofinterestinmathematics.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.corollary

B.outcome

C.consequence

D.results

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)corollary“推論,必然的結(jié)果”;B選項(xiàng)outcome“結(jié)局,成果”;C選項(xiàng)consequence“重要性,推論”;D選項(xiàng)results“后果”。句意:希臘知識和價值觀的復(fù)興幾乎是必然的結(jié)果,人們對數(shù)學(xué)的興趣也隨之復(fù)蘇。選項(xiàng)A更符合語境。

7.單選題

Heavymetalscanimpaircognitivedevelopmentinchildren,whoareespeciallyatriskbecauseoftheirsizeand(

)toabsorbmoreofthesesubstancesthanadultsdo.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.character

B.resistance

C.temper

D.tendency

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.character性格;品質(zhì)B.resistance抵擋力;阻力

C.temper脾氣D.tendency傾向;趨勢

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】重金屬會對兒童的認(rèn)知發(fā)展產(chǎn)生傷害,兒童的體型和……比起成年人能吸收更多的重金屬物質(zhì),所以他們特別危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)句意可知兒童的體型和抵抗力都比較弱,所以才會比成年人更容易吸收重金屬物質(zhì),所以B選項(xiàng)“抵擋力,阻力”符合題意

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】重金屬會對兒童的認(rèn)知發(fā)展產(chǎn)生傷害,兒童的體型和抵抗力比起成年人能吸收更多的重金屬物質(zhì),所以他們特別危險(xiǎn)。

8.單選題

Youngchildrenhavealimitedattention()andcan’tfocusononeactivityforlong.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.range

B.span

C.reach

D.spread

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)range“范圍,幅度”;B選項(xiàng)span“跨度,跨距,范圍”,attentionspan為固定搭配,意思是“注意廣度,注意力的持續(xù)時間”。例句:Smallchildrenhaveashortattentionspan.(幼兒注意力持續(xù)時間短。)C選項(xiàng)reach“范圍,延伸”;D選項(xiàng)spread“傳播,伸展”。句意:小孩子的注意力持續(xù)時間十分有限,不能長時間地專注于一個活動。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知,B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

Whenwecreditthesuccessfulpeoplewithintelligence,physicalstrengthorgoodluck,wearemakingexcusesforourselvesbecausewefall(

)inallthree.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rare

B.lacking

C.short

D.scarce

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。rare“稀罕的”;lacking“缺乏的;匱乏的”;short“缺乏的”;scarce“不足的”。句意:當(dāng)我們知曉成功人士擁有智力、體力和好運(yùn)時,我們在為自己找借口,因?yàn)槲覀內(nèi)鄙龠@三樣。fallshort固定搭配,意思是“缺乏”,選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

10.單選題

Thespeakerwasregardedasatroublemakerbecauseshe(

)thegrantingofequalitytoallregardlessofrace,colororsex.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.verified

B.developed

C.adopted

D.advocated

【答案】D

【解析】句意:這個發(fā)言人被當(dāng)作是一個制造麻煩的人,因?yàn)樗拇等巳似降鹊睦砟钜粺o論種族、膚色或者性別。

動詞辨析。Verified核實(shí),證實(shí);developed發(fā)展;adopted采用;advocated鼓吹某種道德、理念或者思想。根據(jù)題目空白處后面所接的賓語“人人平等的理念”可以推斷出答案為D。

11.單選題

Heisgoingto()themeetingonthesubjectofwarandpeaceinaminute.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.speak

B.talk

C.remark

D.address

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞詞義辨析。talk通常與to/with/about搭配;speak一般接某種語言,不接說話的內(nèi)容;remark指某人對他人觀點(diǎn)或言行的評論;address做動詞時表示:向……講話,向……發(fā)表演說,一般用于正式場合。addressthemeetingonsth.表示:就……議題在大會上發(fā)言。所以本題選D。

12.單選題

15.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheChinesefacecream.

B.TheAmericanfacecream.

C.TheFrenchperfume.

D.Themedication.

【答案】B

【解析】A:Myskinhassuddenlygoneroughandred,andspotskeepbreakingout.IsthereanythingIcando?

B:Haveyouusedanythingdifferentonyourface,orhaveyoubeenonanymedication?

A:IusuallyuseChinesefacecream,butonmybirthdayI’vegotsomeveryexpensiveAmericanfacecream.Itsmellsverynice.Iwonderifthatcouldbetheproblem.

B:Doyouhavethefacecreamwithyou?

A:Yes,hereitis.

B:Itsmellsverystrong.Maybeyouareallergictotheperfumeinit.Isuggestyoustopusingitimmediately.

Q:Whatmightbethecauseforthewoman’sskinproblem?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。醫(yī)生認(rèn)為:Maybeyouareallergictotheperfumeinit,即他認(rèn)為女士可能對這種面霜過敏。

13.寫作題

Somepeoplesaythatthebestpreparationforlifeislearningtobecooperative.Otherstaketheoppositeviewandsaythatlearningtobecompetitiveisthebestpreparation.Writeacompositionofabout150wordstotellwhichoneyouagreeandexplainwhy.

【答案】略

14.單選題

Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegoodtosayabouttheirschoolexperience.Inonestudyof400adultswhohadachieveddistinctioninallareasoflife,researchersfoundthatthree-fifthsoftheseindividualseitherdidbadlyinschoolorwereunhappyinschool.FewMaCarthurPrizefellows,winnersoftheMacArthurAwardforcreativeaccomplishment,hadgoodthingstosayabouttheirpre-collegiateschoolingiftheyhadnotbeenplacedinadvancedprograms.Anecdotalreportssupportthis.PabloPicasso,CharlesDarwin,MarkTwain,OliverGoldsmith,andWilliamButlerYeatsalldislikedschool.SodidWinstonChurchill,whoalmostfailedoutofHarrow,aneliteBritishschool.AboutOliverGoldsmith,oneofhisteachersremarked,“Neverwassodullaboy.”O(jiān)ftenthesechildrenrealizethattheyknowmorethantheirteachers,andtheirteachersoftenfeelthatthesechildrenarearrogant,inattentive,orunmotivated.

Someofthesegiftedpeoplemayhavedonepoorlyinschoolbecausetheirgiftswerenotscholastic.MaybewecanaccountforPicassointhisway.Butmostfaredpoorlyinschoolnotbecausetheylackedabilitybutbecausetheyfoundschoolunchallengingandconsequentlylostinterest.Yeatsdescribedthelackoffitbetweenhismindandschool:“BecauseIhadfounditdifficulttoattendtoanythinglessinterestingthanmyownthoughts,Iwasdifficulttoteach.”Asnotedearlier,giftedchildrenofallkindstendtobestrong-willednonconformists.Nonconformityandstubbornness(andYeats'levelofarroganceandself-absorption)arelikelytoleadtoconflictswithteachers.

Whenhighlygiftedstudentsinanydomaintalkaboutwhatwasimportanttothedevelopmentoftheirabilities,theyarefarmorelikelytomentiontheirfamiliesthantheirschoolsorteachers.AwritingprodigystudiedbyDavidFeldmanandLynnGoldsmithwastaughtfarmoreaboutwritingbyhisjournalistfatherthanhisEnglishteacher.High-IQchildreninAustraliastudiedbyMiracaGrosshadmuchmorepositivefeelingsabouttheirfamiliesthantheirschools.AbouthalfofthemathematiciansstudiedbyBenjaminBloomhadlittlegoodtosayaboutschool.Theyalldidwellinschoolandtookhonorsclasseswhenavailable,andsomeskippedgrades.

1.Themainpointtheauthorismakingaboutschoolsisthat().

2.TheauthorquotestheremarksofoneofOliverGoldsmith'steachers().

3.PabloPicassoislistedamongthemanygiftedchildrenwho().

4.Manygiftedpeopleattributedtheirsuccess().

5.Therootcauseofmanygiftedstudentshavingbadmemoriesoftheirschoolyearsisthat().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyareoftenincapableofcateringtotheneedsoftalentedstudents

B.theyshouldorganizetheirclassesaccordingtothestudents’ability

C.theyshouldsatisfytheneedsofstudentsfromdifferentfamilybackgrounds

D.theyshouldenrollasmanygiftedstudentsaspossible

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.toshowhowpoorOliver’sperformancewasatschool

B.toexplainhowdullstudentscanalsobesuccessful

C.toillustratethestrongwillofsomegiftedchildren

D.toprovidesupportforhisargument

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.paidnoattentiontotheirteachersinclass

B.contradictedtheirteachersmuchtoooften

C.behavedarrogantlyandstubbornlyinthepresenceoftheirteachers

D.couldnotcopewiththeirstudiesatschoolsuccessfully

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.bothtoschoolinstructionandtotheirparentcoaching

B.mainlytoparentalhelpandtheireducationathome

C.lesstotheirsystematiceducationthantotheirtalent

D.moretotheirparents’encouragementthantoschooltraining

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theywereseldompraisedbytheirteachers

B.theirnonconformitybroughtthemalotoftrouble

C.teacherswereusuallyfarstricterthantheirparents

D.schoolcoursesfailedtoinspireormotivatethem

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題目問的是“作者關(guān)于學(xué)校的主要觀點(diǎn)是什么?”文章第一段第一句提到“如果有天賦的學(xué)生與學(xué)?;ハ嗖贿m應(yīng),也就不奇怪他們對讀書經(jīng)歷沒什么好感”(Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegoodtosayabouttheirschoolexperience),選項(xiàng)A“它們經(jīng)常滿足不了有天賦的學(xué)生的要求”符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。題目問的是“作者引用OliverGoldsmith老師的話的目的是什么?”文章第一段提到如OliverGoldsmith這類有天賦的學(xué)生不喜歡學(xué)校,接下來列舉了他們的學(xué)校經(jīng)歷來作證,因此作者引用Oliver老師中的一位的話是為了給自己的論證提供事實(shí)支持,選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“像畢加索那樣擁有天賦的孩子的特點(diǎn)是什么?”文章第二段第一句提到“這些具有天賦的學(xué)生中的一些人在學(xué)??赡芤?yàn)樘熨x不在學(xué)業(yè)方面,因此表現(xiàn)很差,比如畢加索”(Someofthesegiftedpeoplemayhavedonepoorlyinschoolbecausetheirgiftswerenotscholastic.MaybewecanaccountforPicassointhisway),因此選項(xiàng)D“無法應(yīng)對學(xué)校里的學(xué)習(xí)”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“很多有天賦的人將他們的成功歸功于……”文章最后一段第一句提到“當(dāng)談到能力培養(yǎng)的重要影響因素時,這些天賦極高的人談?wù)摰酶嗟氖撬麄兊募彝ザ皇菍W(xué)?;蛘呃蠋煛保╓henhighlygiftedstudentsinanydomaintalkaboutwhatwasimportanttothedevelopmentoftheirabilities,theyarefarmorelikelytomentiontheirfamiliesthantheirschoolsorteachers),選項(xiàng)B“主要是父母在家里的教育”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“很多有天賦的學(xué)生對學(xué)校沒有好的回憶的根本原因是什么?”文章第二段第三句提到“但是大多數(shù)人在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)不好,并不是因?yàn)樗麄內(nèi)狈δ芰Γ且驗(yàn)樗麄冇X得學(xué)校沒有挑戰(zhàn)性,因此失去了興趣”(Butmostfaredpoorlyinschoolnotbecausetheylackedabilitybutbecausetheyfoundschoolunchallengingandconsequentlylostinterest),選項(xiàng)D“學(xué)校課程不能鼓勵和激發(fā)他們的興趣”符合題意。

15.單選題

InDisneylandeveryyear,some800,000plantsarereplacedbecauseDisneyrefusedto(

)signsaskinghis“guests”nottostepontherm.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.putdown

B.putout

C.putup

D.putoff

【答案】C

【解析】詞組辨析題。putdown鎮(zhèn)壓,貶低;putout熄滅,打擾;putup提供,建造,張貼;putoff推遲,阻止。

句意:在迪斯尼樂園,每年大約有80萬個植物被替換,因?yàn)榈纤鼓峋芙^張貼告示要求游客不要踩到植物。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

16.單選題

Thetotalinfluenceofliteratureuponthecourseofhumanhistory().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anevaluationisdifficult

B.isdifficulttoevaluate

C.difficulttoevaluateit

D.itisdifficulttoevaluate

【答案】B

【解析】考查句子成分。Thetotalinfluenceofliteratureuponthecourseofhumanhistory“文學(xué)對人類歷史進(jìn)程的全部影響”為主語,沒有謂語或系動詞,無法構(gòu)成完整的句子結(jié)構(gòu),C選項(xiàng)內(nèi)沒有謂語動詞或系動詞,代入也無法組成完整的句子,錯誤;A,D選項(xiàng)都有各自的主語,和題干的主語重復(fù),錯誤;B選項(xiàng)代入能構(gòu)成完整的句子,因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Intheatmosphere,carbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirror—theglassofaroofinagreenhousewhichallowsthesun’sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.

Accordingtoaweatherexpert’sprediction,theatmospherewillbe3warmerintheyear2050thanitistoday,ifmancontinuestoburnfuelsatthepresentrate.Ifthiswarminguptookplace,theicecapsinthepoleswouldbegintomelt,thusraisingsealevelseveralmetersandseverelyfloodingcoastalcities.Also,theincreaseinatmospherictemperaturewouldleadtogreatchangesintheclimateofthenorthernhemisphere,possiblyresultinginanalterationoftheearth’schieffood-growingzones.

Inthepast,concernaboutaman-madewarmingoftheearthhasconcentratedontheArcticbecausetheAntarcticismuchcolderandhasamuchthinkericesheet.ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarctic,whichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarming:inotherwords,byawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.

SatellitepicturesshowthatlargeareasofAntarcticicearealreadydisappearing.Theevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplace.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.

However,mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere,wheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.Scientistsconclude,therefore,thatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhaveexceededthosecausedbyman.Thequestionis:Whichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?

Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun.Astronomersatoneresearchstationhavestudiedthehotspotsand“cold”spots(thatis,therelativelylesshotspots)onthesun.Asthesunrotates,every27.5days,itpresentshotteror“colder”facestotheearth,anddifferentaspectstodifferentpartsoftheearth.Thisseemstohaveaconsiderableeffectonthedistributionoftheearth’satmosphericpressure,andconsequentlyonwindcirculation.Thesunisalsovariableoveralongterm:itsheatoutputgoesupanddownincycles,thelatesttrendbeingdownward.

Scientistsarenowfindingmutualrelationsbetweenmodelsofsolar-weatherinteractionsandtheactualclimateovermanythousandsofyears,includingthelastIceAge.TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate.Ifthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounter-balancetothesun’sdiminishingheat.

41.Itcanbeconcludedthataconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmospherewould______.

42.Thearticlewaswrittentoexplain______.

43.Althoughthefuelconsumptionisgreaterinthenorthernhemisphere,temperaturesthereseemtobefalling.Thisis______.

44.Onthebasisoftheirmodels,scientistsareoftheopinionthat______.

45.IftheassumptionaboutthedelayofanewIceAgeiscorrect,______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.preventthesun’sraysfromreachingtheearth’ssurface

B.meanawarmingupintheArctic

C.accountforgreatchangesintheclimateinthenorthernhemisphere

D.raisethetemperatureoftheearth’ssurface

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thegreenhouseeffect

B.thesolareffectsontheearth

C.themodelsofsolar-weatherinteractions

D.thecauseaffectingweather

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.mainlybecausethelevelsofcarbondioxidearerising

B.possiblybecausetheicecapsinthepolesaremelting

C.exclusivelyduetotheeffectoftheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate

D.partlyduetovariationsintheoutputofsolarenergy

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theclimateoftheworldshouldbebecomingcooler

B.itwilltakethousandsofyearsfortheinertiaoftheearth’sclimatetotakeeffect

C.theman-madewarmingeffecthelpstoincreasethesolareffects

D.thenewIceAgewillbedelayedbythegreenhouseeffect

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thebestwaytoovercomethecoolingeffectwouldbetoburnmorefuels

B.icewouldsooncoverthenorthernhemisphere

C.theincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmospherecouldwarmuptheearthevenmorequickly

D.thegreenhouseeffectcouldworktotheadvantageoftheearth

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】41.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“可以得出結(jié)論的是,大氣中二氧化碳的濃度將會……”。根據(jù)文章第一段carbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirror—theglassofaroofinagreenhousewhichallowsthesun’sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.(二氧化碳的作用就像一面單向鏡子——溫室屋頂?shù)牟A?,它允許陽光進(jìn)入,但阻止熱量逸出。)可知A項(xiàng)“阻止太陽光線到達(dá)地球表面”,內(nèi)容與文章內(nèi)容相反;B項(xiàng)“意味著北極的氣候變暖”,第三段最后兩句提到ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarctic,whichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarming:inotherwords,byawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.(但是,氣象專家現(xiàn)在把更多的注意力放在了南極西部,那里可能只會受到幾度的變暖的影響:換句話說,由于燃料的燃燒,在未來的50年里可能會出現(xiàn)這樣的變暖),由此可知,現(xiàn)在南極氣溫更容易受氣候變暖的影響,所以B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不準(zhǔn)確;C項(xiàng)“導(dǎo)致了北半球氣候的巨大變化”,內(nèi)容與原文所說正相反,第五段第一句提到However,mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere,wheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.(然而,大部分燃料是在北半球燃燒的,那里的氣溫似乎正在下降),由此可知二氧化碳會使大氣溫度上升,但事實(shí)上氣溫卻在降低,所以是無法用二氧化碳來解釋北半球氣溫變化的,C項(xiàng)錯誤;根據(jù)第四段最后兩句話Theevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplace.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.(現(xiàn)有的證據(jù)表明氣候已經(jīng)變暖。這符合二氧化碳使地球變暖的理論。)可知D項(xiàng)“提高地球表面的溫度”符合題意。因此該題選D。

42.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“文章是用來解釋……”。從全文來看,作者主要探討了兩種對大氣溫度變化產(chǎn)生影響的原因——人為因素和自然因素。若以人為原因?yàn)橹鳎F(xiàn)在的大氣溫度應(yīng)比以前更高,但事實(shí)上相反,大氣溫度似乎在下降;若以自然原因?yàn)橹?,現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該進(jìn)入一個新的冰河時代,但是又沒有,說明二氧化碳與太陽在相互影響著大氣的溫度,只有D項(xiàng)“影響天氣的原因”全面表達(dá)了文章的內(nèi)容,即解釋影響天氣的原因。A項(xiàng)“溫室效應(yīng)”和B項(xiàng)“太陽對地球的影響”都只是其中一個原因,不夠全面。C項(xiàng)“太陽-天氣相互作用的模型”太片面,也不選。因此該題選D。

43.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“雖然北半球的燃料消耗較大,但那里的氣溫似乎在下降。這是……”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章的第五段第二句Scientistsconclude,therefore,thatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhaveexceededthosecausedbyman.(因此,科學(xué)家得出結(jié)論,到目前為止,自然對天氣的影響已經(jīng)超過了人類造成的影響),接著作者在第六段提到Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun....itsheatoutputgoesupanddownincycles,thelatesttrendbeingdownward.(一種可能是太陽的變化……它的熱量輸出呈周期性上升和下降,最新的趨勢是下降),由此可知,影響北半球氣溫下降的原因有一部分是自然的影響,因此D項(xiàng)“部分原因是太陽能輸出的變化”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“主要是因?yàn)槎趸嫉暮吭谏仙保谄叨翁岬絀fthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounter-balancetothesun’sdiminishingheat.(如果這是正確的,那么二氧化碳的變暖效應(yīng)可能會起到有效的平衡太陽熱量遞減的作用),由此可知,大氣中不斷上升的二氧化碳濃度能平衡氣溫中不斷消失的太陽熱量,所以A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不正確;B項(xiàng)“可能是因?yàn)閮蓸O的冰蓋正在融化”,與題干無關(guān);C項(xiàng)“這完全是由于地球氣候慣性的影響”,內(nèi)容太絕對。因此該題選D。

44.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)他們的模型,科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為……”。根據(jù)文章的第七段的第二句話…thatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAge(這些模型預(yù)測世界將進(jìn)入一個新的冰河時代,但事實(shí)并非如此),由此可知科學(xué)家認(rèn)為氣候應(yīng)該變得更冷,因此A項(xiàng)“世界的氣候應(yīng)該會變得更冷”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“地球氣候的慣性將需要數(shù)千年才能起作用”,最后一段倒數(shù)第二句Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate.(解決這一理論難題的一種方法是假設(shè)有數(shù)千年的延遲,而太陽效應(yīng)克服了地球氣候的慣性),根據(jù)這個句子可知文章提到太陽效應(yīng)克服地球氣候的慣性是用來對科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為的模型預(yù)測世界將進(jìn)入一個新的冰河時代的一種假設(shè),不符合題意;C項(xiàng)“人為的變暖效應(yīng)有助于增加太陽效應(yīng)”,文章最后一句提到thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounter-balancetothesun’sdiminishingheat.(二氧化碳的變暖效應(yīng)可能會起到有效的平衡太陽熱量遞減的作用),因此C項(xiàng)錯誤。D項(xiàng)“新的冰川期將被溫室效應(yīng)推遲”,文章中科學(xué)家做出的假設(shè)是太陽效應(yīng)克服了地球氣候的這種慣性,所以D項(xiàng)錯誤。因此該題選A。

45.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“如果新冰河世紀(jì)延遲的假設(shè)是正確的,那么……”。文章最后兩句話提到Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertiaoftheearth’sclimate.Ifthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounter-balancetothesun’sdiminishingheat.(解決這一理論難題的一種方法是假設(shè)有數(shù)千年的延遲,而太陽效應(yīng)克服了地球氣候的慣性。如果這是正確的,那么二氧化碳的變暖效應(yīng)可能會起到有效的平衡太陽熱量遞減的作用),可知如果新冰河世紀(jì)延遲的假設(shè)是正確的,溫室效應(yīng)可以平衡太陽熱量遞減的作用,因此對地球是有利的,這與D項(xiàng)“溫室效應(yīng)可能對地球有利”符合;A項(xiàng)“克服這種冷卻效應(yīng)的最好方法是燃燒更多的燃料”原文未提及;B項(xiàng)“冰很快就會覆蓋北半球”,第五段首句提到mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere(大部分燃料是在北半球燃燒的),所以B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容不正確;C項(xiàng)“大氣中二氧化碳含量的增加會使地球更快地變暖”,不是變暖,而是平衡太陽熱量的遞減,C項(xiàng)也不正確。因此該題選D。

18.單選題

)excessiveconsumptionoffriedfoodshasseriousconsequencesashasbeenproved.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theoretically

B.Presumably

C.Incredibly

D.Practically

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)theoretically“理論地,理論上”;B選項(xiàng)presumably“據(jù)推測,很可能,大概”;C選項(xiàng)incredibly“極其,難以置信地”;D選項(xiàng)practically“實(shí)際上,幾乎,差不多”。由ashasbeenproved(如已證實(shí)的那樣)可知前面的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是一種猜測比較符合邏輯,即證實(shí)推測。句意:據(jù)推測,過度食用油炸食品會造成嚴(yán)重后果,這已被證實(shí)。

19.翻譯題

Despitetheweb,wewatchmoretelevisionthanever.

Inthechaosoftoday'smediaandtechnologybrawl—iPodvs.Zune,Googlevs.Yahoo,windowsvs.Linux,Intelvs.AMD—wecandeclareoneunlikelywinner.Standingtallinafieldofnewtechwonders,it'sageezertechnologythatareinventedinthe1920sandcommercializedinthe1940s,andit'sstillmorepowerfulthananythingcreatedsince.(1)Asyoutrytofigureoutwhereconsumerinfotechisgoing,andwhatitmeansforsociety,rememberthisbig,centralreality:Peoplejustwantmoretelevision.

Ifyoudoubtit,lookattoday'sbiggestnewsintech.Itcontinuallycentersonnewwaystobringconsumersthethingtheycraveaboveallelse.(2)SonyfloodedtherecentConsumerElectronicsShowwithproductsthatputinternetvideoonyourTVset,asdidalmosteveryotherconsumerelectronicscompany.AtthesimultaneousMacworldExpo,ApplechiefSteveJobsintroducedAppleTV,whichdoesthesamething.VerizonsaiditwillsoonofferliveTVoncellphonescreens.Itwillalsosellfull-lengthprogramsforviewingwheneveryouwant.Putitalltogether,andwehaveachievedanirvanathatdidn'texistevenayearago:unlimitedtelevisionavailable24/7oneveryscreenyouown.

It'snosurprise,ofcourse.(3)Eversincethebasicfactsofsteadilymultiplyingprocessorpowerandbandwidthbecameapparent,seershaveconfidentlypredictedthisday.Theyjustasconfidentlypredictedwhatitwouldmean:traditionaltelevision'sdemise.OncetheWorldWideWebappearedinthemid-1990s,thefuturelookedveryclear.BoringoldTV,thescheduledprogramsthatcometoyouthroughacoaxialcableorsatellitedishorantenna,wouldfadeaway.

(4)Whichisexactlytheoppositeofwhathashappened.DespitemanyNetAgealternatives,weAmericanstodaywatchmoreboringoldTVthanever,whichissayingsomething.Howcanthatbe?MytheoryistheTwo-LiterCokePrinciple.TheCoca-ColacompanydiscoveredlongagothatifitcouldgetpeopletobringhomebiggerbottlesofCoke,thosepeoplewoulddrinkmorethantheyusedto.JustgettingmoreCokeinfrontofthemincreasedtheirconsumption.ItseemstobethesamewithTV.Putmoreofitinfrontofpeople~over100channelsinmanyhomes—andpeoplewillwatchmore.

Seenfromthisperspective,thelatestannouncementsofnewTV-relatedtechnologylooksimplylikeadditionalwaystoputmoreTVinfrontofAmericanconsumers.ThesupposedthreatfromtheInternetwasthatwe'dcutbackonTVaswespentmoretimeonMySpaceorinSecondLife.WemaywellspendmoretimeonsuchnewNetattractions,butwe'reunlikelytotakethattimeawayfromvideoviewing.We’remorelikelytocutbackonthingsweconsiderlessimportant,likesleep.

(5)NoonehasevaluatedTVbetterthanthegreatNewYorkeressayistE.B.White,whoin1938wrote,"Weshallstandorfallbytelevision,ofthatIamsure."Westilldon'tknowwhichitwillbe,buthisassessmentlookstruerthanever.

ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese

【答案】(1)當(dāng)你設(shè)法弄清消費(fèi)信息技術(shù)將向何處發(fā)展以及這對社會意味著什么時,要記住這個重要的核心事實(shí):人們只是想看更多的電視節(jié)目。

(2)就像其他每個消費(fèi)電子產(chǎn)品公司做的那樣,索尼公司在最近的消費(fèi)類電子產(chǎn)品展會上推出大量產(chǎn)品,這些產(chǎn)品是用來把網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻放到電視上。在同時舉行的麥客世界展會上,蘋果公司總栽史蒂夫?喬布斯推出具有同樣功能的蘋果電視。

(3)從那時到現(xiàn)在,基本而明顯的事實(shí)是處理器的功能不斷提高和帶寬的不斷增大,而預(yù)言家們已經(jīng)自信地預(yù)測了這一天。正如他們自信地預(yù)言它的含義:傳統(tǒng)的電視節(jié)目會被替代。

(4)實(shí)際情況卻正好相反。盡管網(wǎng)絡(luò)時代有其他多種選擇,我們美國人如今看的無聊電視卻比以往任何時候都多,這就說明了問題。

(5)關(guān)于電視,沒有人比著名的《紐約人》雜志評論家E.B.懷特的評價更恰當(dāng)。他在1938年寫道:“我們的好壞將取決于電視,這一點(diǎn)我敢肯定?!?/p>

20.翻譯題

世界上最幸福的十種工作很多職場新人都曾夢想找到一份理想工作,做喜歡的事,享受那份喜悅。而現(xiàn)實(shí)往往不盡人意,人們總是抱怨著自己的工作。本文為你盤點(diǎn)了十種最幸福的工作。

神職人員:最不諳世事的工作據(jù)說是最幸福的工作。

消防員:消防員的工作能給人們提供幫助,而80%的消防員都表示對自己的工作“非常滿意”。

理療師:社會互動和幫助他人明顯使得這份工作是最幸福的工作之一。

作家:對于大多數(shù)作家來說,他們的報(bào)酬少得可憐,或者根本沒有,但是寫下自己心中所想顯然會帶來快樂。

特殊教育老師:如果你不在乎金錢,特殊教育老師這個工作或許是個幸福的職業(yè)。

教師:盡管當(dāng)前存在著教育經(jīng)費(fèi)和教室條件的問題,一般來說教師們還是感到自己的工作很幸福的。

這一職業(yè)繼續(xù)吸引著年輕的理想主義者,盡管有50%的新教師都在5年以內(nèi)選擇轉(zhuǎn)行了。

藝術(shù)家:雕刻家和畫家據(jù)稱是工作滿意度最高的職業(yè),盡管在這一職業(yè)上謀生有著相當(dāng)大的困難。

心理學(xué)家:心理學(xué)家不一定能解決其他人的問題,但是似乎他們已經(jīng)解決了自己的問題。

金融理財(cái)銷售代理:據(jù)報(bào)道65%的金融理財(cái)銷售代理認(rèn)為自己的工作很幸福。這大概是因?yàn)樗麄冎械囊恍┤嗽谑娣霓k公環(huán)境中工作,每周工作40個小時,平均每年掙9萬多美元。/r/

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