2022屆高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法精講精練（共11個(gè)專題）

2022屆英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法精講精練微專題(倒裝句)考點(diǎn)清單ー、完全倒裝句要點(diǎn)精講1:表示地點(diǎn)的副詞here,there位于句首,句子采用完全倒裝,即主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)顛倒位置。注意該結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)為代詞時(shí)不倒裝;謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。例1：Herecomesataxi!例2：Therewentthelasttrain!例3：Hereyouare.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。l.Johnopenedthedoor.There(stand)agirlhehadneverseenbefore.【答案與解析】stood〇結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故答案是stood。要點(diǎn)精講2:表示方向的副詞in,out,up,down位于句首,句子采用完全倒裝語(yǔ)序。例4：Downcametherainandupwenttheumbrellas.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thegunshotandaway(fly)thebird.Down(jump)thethieffromthetenthfloorwhenheheardsomeoneshoutedathim.【答案與解析】flewo首先這是ー個(gè)并列句,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí);然后構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。故答案是flew。jumped〇副詞down位于句首構(gòu)成完全倒裝句,結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故答案是jumped。要點(diǎn)精講3:表示時(shí)間的副詞now,then位于句首,句子采用完全倒裝語(yǔ)序。(列5：Nowcomesy(^urturn.例6：Thencamethechairman.Foramomentnothinghappened.Then(come)voicesallshoutingtogether.【答案與解析】cameo時(shí)間副詞then位于句首構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。故答案是came。要點(diǎn)精講4:介詞短語(yǔ)infrontof,atthebackof,inthemiddleof等位于句首,采用完全倒裝語(yǔ)序。例7：Onthewallhangsaworldofmap.例8：Atthetopofthehillstoodthetinychapel.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Justinfrontofourhouse(stand)atalltreewithahistoryof1,000years.Amongthecrisesthatfacehumans(be)thelackofnaturalresources.【答案與解析】stood〇介詞短語(yǔ)infrontofourhouse位于句首構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。故答案是stood。isothatfacehumans是定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞crises；介詞短語(yǔ)Amongthecrises位于句首構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。故答案是is。要點(diǎn)精講5:用作表語(yǔ)的形容詞、分詞等位于句首,句子采用完全倒裝語(yǔ)序。上述五種情況可以歸納為:地方時(shí)間表。例9：Lyinsonthefloorwasawoundedboy.例10：Presentatthediscussionwereseveralhealthexperts.例J11：Gonearethedayswhenweusedtheforeignoil.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Presentatthepartyyesterday(be)Mrgreenandmanyotherguests.Distinguishedguestsandfriends,welcometoourschool,(attend)theceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorningarcouralumni(校友)fromhomeandabroad.【答案與解析】were0本句是形容詞短語(yǔ)提前構(gòu)成的倒裝句,真正主語(yǔ)是Mrgreenandmanyotherguests。故答案是were〇attending〇本句是完全倒裝句,可以還原為ouralumni(校友)fromhomeandabroadaretheceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorning〇故答案是attending〇考點(diǎn)清單二、部分倒裝句要點(diǎn)精講1:only修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí),句子(主句)采用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。例12：On"thendidherealizethathewasmistaken.例13:?！ē雜hoiui，iRwasheabletomakehimselfheard.例14：Onlywhenwelandeddidweseehowbadlytheplanehadbeendamaged.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。9.Onlywiththegreatestofluckshemanagetoescapefromtherisingfloodwaters..OnlyafterMaryreadhercompositionthesecondtimeshenoticethespellingmistake..bykeepingdowncostswillPowerDataholditsadvantageoverothercompanies.didoOnly修飾的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首構(gòu)成部分倒裝;結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故答案是did。didoOnly修飾的狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首構(gòu)成部分倒裝;結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故答案是did。Onlyo0nly修飾的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首構(gòu)成部分倒裝;根據(jù)后面倒裝判斷這里應(yīng)用副詞only。故答案是0nlyo要點(diǎn)精講2: /§uch….that…句型位于句首時(shí),主句部分采用倒裝語(yǔ)序。例15：S。fastdoeslighttravelthatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed.例16：Suchanicemandidheseemthatweallbelievehim.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。12SocuriousthecoupleaboutwildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoMadagascarforfurtherresearch..muchhomeworkdidwehavetodothatwehadnotimetotakearest..Sosuddentheattackthattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.【答案與解析】were。s〇….that…句型位于句首時(shí),主句部分采用倒裝語(yǔ)序;主語(yǔ)thecouple復(fù)數(shù)概念,結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故答案是were。So。s〇….that…句型位于句首時(shí),主句部分采用倒裝語(yǔ)序。故答案是So。was。s〇….that…句型位于句首時(shí),主句部分采用倒裝語(yǔ)序;根據(jù)語(yǔ)境主句缺少謂語(yǔ),故答案是was〇要點(diǎn)精講3:as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),要把形容詞、副詞、單數(shù)名詞、原形動(dòng)詞提到句首,as后邊采用陳述語(yǔ)序。注意:該句型可用though替換;單數(shù)名詞前常省略不定冠詞。例17：Boyashewas,hebehavedlikeagirl.イ列18：Beautifulthoughthenecklacewas,wethoughtitwasover-priced.例19：Hardthoughtheytried,theycouldn'tmakeherchangehermind.イ列20：77Tashewould,hecouldn'topenthedoor.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Tryshemight,Suecouldn'tgetthedooropen.BecauseI'veanimportantmeetingtoattend,Ican'tcometoyourpartythisevening,asI'dliketo.r7.(heavy)asitrained,thefootballgamehasbeendecidednottobeputoff.as/thoughoas引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),要把原形動(dòng)詞提到句首,as后邊采用陳述語(yǔ)序;as和though通用。故答案是as/though〇much〇as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),要把副詞提到句首,as后邊采用陳述語(yǔ)序。故答案是much。Heavily〇as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),要把副詞提到句首,as后邊采用陳述語(yǔ)序。故答案是Heavily。要點(diǎn)精講4:if虛擬條件從句含有were/had/should時(shí),省去if,將這些詞移至主語(yǔ)之前,構(gòu)成部分倒裝。例22：WereIyouIfIwereyou),Iwouldgoabroad.例22：HadIarrived(=IfIhadarrived)fiveminutesearlier,Iwouldhavecaughttheflight.例23：Shouldhecome(=Ifheshouldcome)today,tellhimtoringmeup.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。youbefired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.(be)therenoairorwater,therewouldbenolifeintheworld.【答案與解析】Should〇Shouldyoubefired=Ifyoushouldbefired〇故答案是Should〇Were〇Weretherenoairorwater=Iftherewerenoairorwater〇故答案是were〇要點(diǎn)精講5:“neither/nor/so+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”表示前面一否定/肯定情況也適合于后者。注意:“so+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)’‘屬于強(qiáng)調(diào)句,表示“確實(shí)如此”；“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+so”屬于陳述句,表示“照著做”；Soitiswithsb.=Itisthesamewithsb.表示兩種以上情況也適合于后者。例24：Sheisabitnervous.Soam1.例25：Hecan'tspeakGerman,neithercanL例26：MrSmithisateacherandseldomcomeslatertoclass.SoitiswithMrsSmith.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。20一1wouldneverevercometothisrestaurantagain.Thefoodisterrible!-NeitherI.Theheadmasterwillnotpermitthechangeinthecourse,norheevengiveitathought.Hisuncleisaworkerandhasbeenworkinginthefactoryfortenyears.itiswithhisaunt.―Maggiehadawonderfultimeattheparty.■-Soshe,andsoI.【答案與解析】wouldo結(jié)合語(yǔ)境這里表示前一種肯定情況適合于后者,時(shí)態(tài)也應(yīng)保持一致。故答案是would。wilL結(jié)合語(yǔ)境這里表示前ー種否定情況適合于后者,時(shí)態(tài)也應(yīng)保持一致。故答案是will。So〇Soitiswithsb.=Itisthesamewithsb.表示兩種以上情況也適合于后者。故答案是So〇did;dido-Maggie聚會(huì)上很開心。ー她的確如此。我也很開心。故答案是did;did。要點(diǎn)精講6:Notuntil…表示"直到……才”,住于句首時(shí),主句采用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序,until從句不倒裝。例27：NotuntilyesterdaydidIlearnanythingaboutit.イ列28：Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Notuntilheretiredfromteachingthreeyearsagoheconsiderhavingaholidayabroad.【答案與解析】didoNotuntil…表示"直到 才”,位于句首時(shí),主句采用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序,until從句不倒裝。故答案是dido要點(diǎn)精講フ:hardly/scarcely...when...,nosooner.?.than...句型位于句首,主句采用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。注意主句謂語(yǔ)用過去完成時(shí)。例29：Nosoonerhadwereachedtheairportthantheplanetookoff.イ列30：Hardlyhadshewcneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！狣idLindaseethetrafficaccident?—No,nosoonershe(go)thanithappened.Hardlyhe(sit)downwhenheheardaknockatthedoor.【答案與解析】had;gone〇nosooner…than…句型位于句首,主句采用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。注意主句謂語(yǔ)用過去完成時(shí)。故答案是had;gone〇had;sat〇hardly…when...句型位于句首,主句采用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。注意主句謂語(yǔ)用過去完成時(shí)。故答案是had;sat〇要點(diǎn)精講8:表示否定或半否定的詞匯,如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,scarcely,nowhere,bynomeans,innocase,atnotime,innoway,undernocircumstances等位于句首時(shí),部分倒裝。例31：Notoncehashefailedtofulfillhistasks.例32：Hardlydoesshehavetimetolistentomusic.例33：Onnoaccountmustyouacceptanymoneyifheoffersit.例34：Undernocircumstancesshouldyoulendhimanymoney.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Welaughatjokes,butseldomwethinkabouthowtheywork.Maybeyou'vebeentomanycountries,butnowhereelseyoufindsuchabeautifulpalace.9.I'vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeanstheteachersatisfiedwithmyprogress..Undernocircumstancesweallowdrugstobecomeuncontrolledinourdistrict..——WhencanIuseyourcomputer?-Never!Attimeshouldyoutouchit.【答案與解析】doo表示否定意義的副詞seldom位于句首,后面采用部分倒裝;結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故答案是do〇can/wilL表示否定意義的副詞nowhereelse位于句首,后面采用部分倒裝。故答案是can/will。was〇表示否定意義的介詞短語(yǔ)bynomeans位于句首,后面采用部分倒裝。故答案是was。shall/shouldo表示否定意義的介詞短語(yǔ)Undernocircumstances位于句首,后面采用部分倒裝。故答案是shall/shouldonoo表示否定意義的介詞短語(yǔ)atnotime位于句首,后面采用部分倒裝。故答案是no。要點(diǎn)精講9:Notonly.??butals〇…表示"不但 而且 位于句首且連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí),前倒后不倒。例135：NotonlydoesshespeakSpanish,butalsosheknowshowtotype.例］36：Notonlydidherefusethegift,butalsoheseverelycriticizedthesender.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Notonlytheybringsnacksanddrinks,buttheyalsobroughtcardsforentertainmentwhentheyhadapicnicintheforest.Thecomputerwasusedinteaching,Asaresult,notonlyteachers'energysaved,butstudentsbecamemoreinterestedinthelessons.【答案與解析】didoNotonly...butals〇…表示”不但 而且 ",notonly位于句首且連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，前倒后不倒。故答案是did。wasoNotonly...butals〇…表示"不但 而且 ",notonly位于句首且連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí),前倒后不倒。故答案是was。要點(diǎn)精講10:may位于句首的倒裝句多表示祝愿,注意后邊謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞原形。例37：Mayyouhaveahappylife!【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Mayyou(success).Mayyou(bless)ineverythingyoudo.【答案與解析】succeed〇may位于句首的倒裝句多表示祝愿,注意may后邊謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞原形。故答案是succeed〇beblessed〇may位于句首的倒裝句多表示祝愿,注意may后邊謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞原形。故答案是beblessed〇好題再練（一）高考真題用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。.（2019江蘇改編）Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccounttheyusemobilephonesinhisclass..（2017江蘇改編）（be）itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty..OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficesherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome..OnlyaftertalkingtotwostudentsIdiscoverthathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.ItmighthavesavedmesometroubleIknowntheschedule.IfI（notsee）itwithmyowneyes,Iwouldn'thavebelievedit.NosoonerhadMoYansteppedonthestagetheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.NotonceitoccurtoMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.Notuntilhewentthroughrealhardshipherealizethelovewehaveforourfamiliesisimportant.Atnotimetheyactuallybreaktherulesofthegame.Itwasunfairtopunishthem.【答案】.could/should2.Were3.Did4.Did5.had6.Hadn'tseen7.than8.did9.did10.did好題再練（二）模擬試題用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。.isthepowerofTVthatitcanmakeapersonsuddenlyfamous.itnotforyourhelp,Icouldn'thavemadesuchamazingprogress.itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.Maryneverdoesanyreadingintheevening,doesJohn.Hardlythey（reach）EdinburghthantheywereorderedtoreturntoLondon.1havebeenlivingintheUnitedStatesfortwentyyears,butseldomIfeltsolonelyasnow.Jimmywassonervousthatnotasinglewordhewritedowninthedictation.—Iseveryonehere?—Notyet Look,there(come)therestofourguests!Intothedarkroom (walk)David,whowassurprisedwheneveryoneshouted“HappyBirthday”.Undercircumstancescanweallowdrugstobecomeuncontrolledinourdistrict.【答案】11.Such12.Were13.Should14.Neither/nor15.had,e19.walked20.no好題再練(三)單句改錯(cuò)下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤,請(qǐng)指出并糾正。Unsatisfiedalthoughhefeltwiththepayment,hetookthejobjusttogetsomeworkexperience.■—Howwastheweatherthen?--Hardlydidhesteppedofftheplanewhenitstartedtorain.Soseverelywasthestormthatthepilotcouldn'tflythroughit.Onlyifyoueatthecorrectfoodswillyouwillbeabletokeepfitandstayhealthy.Theoldcouplehavebeenmarriedfor40yearsandneveroncetheyquarreledwitheachother.LonglivestheCommunistPartyofChina!Betweenthetwobuildingsstandatalltree.NotonlyhespeakRussianfluentlybutalsohelikesRussiansongs.Shouldsomeonecallsme,tellhimtowaitformehere.Tryashemight,butTomcouldn'tgetoutofthedifficulty.【答案與解析】21.although改為as/though22.did改為had23.severely改為severe24.去掉第二個(gè)will25.once后加have26.lives改為live27.stand改為stands28.only后加does29.calls改為call30.去掉but2022屆英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法精講精練微專題（定語(yǔ)從句）考點(diǎn)清單ー、關(guān)系代詞that和which要點(diǎn)精講1:l.that用作關(guān)系代詞,指人或物;在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ),有時(shí)作表語(yǔ);2.that用作關(guān)系副詞,作方式狀語(yǔ)（that相當(dāng)于inwhich,可以省略）,先行詞是theway〇3.只用that不用which的場(chǎng)合:①先行詞既為人又為物時(shí);②先行詞被序數(shù)詞詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí);③先行詞是all,much,little,everything,nothing,anything等不定代詞時(shí);④先行詞被oMy,very,little,al!等修飾時(shí)?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】用關(guān)系代詞that或which填空。don'tlikethewayyouspeaktoher.HeistheonlymanIcanfindforthework.Heisnolongerthemanhewasfiveyearsago.ThefirstEnglishnovelIreadwasGoneWithWind.ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesIhaveeverseen.Johntoldhisparentsaboutthecitiesandthepeoplehehadvisited.（2018?全國(guó)ll）TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernmentstartedasoil-testingprogramgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers---and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.【答案與解析】that。theway在定語(yǔ)從句作方式狀語(yǔ),故填that。注意此時(shí)that可以省略。故答案是that。thato限定詞only是關(guān)鍵。故答案是that。thato本句中that在定語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)。故答案是that。thato先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾只能用that不用whicho故答案是toreduce〇thato先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾只能用that不用whicho故答案是thatothato先行詞既為人又為物時(shí),只能用that不用which。故答案是that。that/whicho沒有特別限定,二者都可以,在定語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)。故答案是that/which。要點(diǎn)精講2:which用作關(guān)系代詞,指物；在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ);5.只用which不用that的場(chǎng)合:①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是整個(gè)主句或主句一部分,前邊有逗號(hào)為標(biāo)志;②用于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu),如inwhich,bothofwhich等?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】用關(guān)系代詞that或which填空。（2020?江蘇改編）Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,fromstudentscanchooseforfree.（2018?北京改編）Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,helpsthemkeepfit.（2017?北京改編）Thelittleproblemswemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.（2017?全國(guó)III）ButSarah,hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.【答案與解析】whichochoosefrom表示“從 選擇”;先行詞是Manylessons,故用which。故答案是which。whichowhich引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是整個(gè)主句,前邊有逗號(hào)為標(biāo)志。故答案是which。that/whicho沒有特別限定,二者都可以,在定語(yǔ)從句作賓語(yǔ)。故答案是that/which。whoo逗號(hào)表明這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句;先行詞指人,作主語(yǔ),不能用that或which。故答案是whOo考點(diǎn)清單二、關(guān)系代詞whose要點(diǎn)精講:1.whose用作關(guān)系代詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),先行詞指人或物;2.有時(shí)用于“介詞+whose+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu);3.whose+名詞=the+名詞+ofwhom/which=ofwhom/which+the+名詞?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。[2018?天津】Kae,sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.（2017?江蘇改編）ln1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneofpurposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.Helivesintheroom,windowfacesthesouth/thewindowfacesthesouth.ThisisMrGreen,helpI'vemadegreatprogressinEnglish.【答案與解析】whoseowhose用作關(guān)系代詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),先行詞指人。故答案是whose。whoseowhose用作關(guān)系代詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),先行詞指物。故答案是whose。whose;ofwhichowhosewindow=thewindowofwhicho故答案是whose;ofwhichowithwhoseoWithone'shelp表示“在 幫助下“。故答案是withwhose?？键c(diǎn)清單三、關(guān)系副詞where要點(diǎn)精講:where用作關(guān)系副詞,在定語(yǔ)從句作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ);先行詞既可以是具體地點(diǎn)名詞,如school,museum,centre還可以是抽象名詞,point,case,situation,stage,race,position,job（熱點(diǎn),須牢記）【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。（2018?江蘇改編）Self-drivingisanareaChinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.We'rejusttryingtoreachapointbothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.Rememberthatthereisstillonepointwemustmakecleartomorrow.Today,we'lldiscusssomecasesbeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.Hewrotealetterheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.【答案與解析】where〇先行詞anarea在定語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故答案是where〇whereo先行詞是抽象名詞point,定語(yǔ)從句不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),應(yīng)作狀語(yǔ)。故答案是where。that/whicho定語(yǔ)從句含有make...clear結(jié)構(gòu),因此從句缺少賓語(yǔ)。故答案是that/which。where。先行詞是抽象名詞cases,定語(yǔ)從句不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),應(yīng)作狀語(yǔ)。故答案是where。whereo先行詞是名詞letter,定語(yǔ)從句不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),應(yīng)作狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于inwhich。故答案是whereo考點(diǎn)清單四、關(guān)系副詞when要點(diǎn)精講:when用作關(guān)系副詞,在定語(yǔ)從句作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ);先行詞是具體時(shí)間名詞,如day,month,year還可以是抽象名詞,如age,stay,occasion等?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。1willneverforgetthemonthsIspentwithmycousininBeijing.Peoplearelivinginanagemanyjobsaredoneoncomputer.Thedaysaregonephysicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.She'llneverforgetherstaythereshefoundhersonwhowentmissingtwoyearsbefore.【答案與解析】that/whicho沒有特別限定,二者都可以,時(shí)間名詞在定語(yǔ)從句作賓語(yǔ)。故答案是that/which。whenowhen用作關(guān)系副詞,在定語(yǔ)從句作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故答案是when。whenowhen用作關(guān)系副詞,在定語(yǔ)從句作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。注意本句先行詞Thedays和定語(yǔ)從句沒有緊挨在ー起,而是被謂語(yǔ)aregone分隔開,形成分割定語(yǔ)從句。故答案是when。when。when用作關(guān)系副詞,在定語(yǔ)從句作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故答案是when。考點(diǎn)清單五、關(guān)系副詞why要點(diǎn):why用作關(guān)系副詞,在定語(yǔ)從句作原因狀語(yǔ);why還可以用于Thereasonwhy…isthat…句型。【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。DoyouknowthereasonJimfailedtocometoday?ThereasonJimfailedtocomewashewasseriouslyill.【答案與解析】why。why用作關(guān)系副詞,在定語(yǔ)從句作原因狀語(yǔ)。故答案是why。why;thatoThereasonwhy...isthat...是固定句型,表示“之所以......是因?yàn)?....."〇故答案是why;that?考點(diǎn)清單六、先行詞作狀語(yǔ)還是賓語(yǔ)要點(diǎn)精講:先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞,關(guān)系詞不一定用where:先行詞是時(shí)間名詞,關(guān)系詞不一定用when;先行詞是原因名詞,關(guān)系詞不一定用why;竅門:學(xué)會(huì)分析句子成分,原句含有主謂賓或者不缺少賓語(yǔ)才能用關(guān)系副詞;原句缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)才能用關(guān)系代詞。【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。Doyoustillrememberthedayswestudiedtogether?Doyoustillrememberthedayswespenttogether?Isthisthemuseumyouonceworked?Isthisthemuseumyouoncevisited?Isthisthereasonhewasabsentfromschoolyesterday?Isthisthereasonhegaveforabsencefromschoolyesterday?Anyway,thatevening,I'lltellyoumoreaboutlater;IendedupstayingatRacheKsplace.【答案與解析】whenowhen用作關(guān)系副詞,在定語(yǔ)從句作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故答案是when。that/whicho沒有特別限定,二者都可以,時(shí)間名詞在定語(yǔ)從句作賓語(yǔ)。故答案是that/which。whereowhere用作關(guān)系副詞,在定語(yǔ)從句作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。故答案是toreduce。that/whicho沒有特別限定,二者都可以,地點(diǎn)名詞在定語(yǔ)從句作賓語(yǔ)。故答案是that/which。why。why用作關(guān)系副詞,在定語(yǔ)從句作原因狀語(yǔ)。故答案是toreduce。that/whicho從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞give是及物動(dòng)詞，從句缺少賓語(yǔ)。故答案是that/which。whicho逗號(hào)表明這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,從句about暗示后面缺少賓語(yǔ)。故答案是which?？键c(diǎn)清單七、as典型用法要點(diǎn)精講1:用作關(guān)系代詞,引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,作從句的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ),用于such...as…,so..?as…，thesame???as???句型（注意thesame???as??，強(qiáng)調(diào)”和是同一類”;thesame???that???強(qiáng)調(diào)”和是同個(gè)"）?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。LosAngelesissuchanattractiveplaceeveryonelikestovisit.LosAngelesissuchanattractiveplaceeveryonelikestovisitit.Thisisdifficultaproblemnoonecanworkout.Thisisdifficultaproblemnoonecanworkitout.Mypenismissing.KdliketobuythesamepenIlost.Jennyissohappy,forshehasfoundthesamepenshelostyesterday.【答案與解析】as。such...as...構(gòu)成限制性定語(yǔ)從句,從句缺少賓語(yǔ)。故答案是as。that。such...that...構(gòu)成結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,從句不缺少成分。故答案是that。so;as。so...as...構(gòu)成限制性定語(yǔ)從句,從句缺少賓語(yǔ)。故答案是so;as。so;that。so...that...構(gòu)成結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,從句不缺少成分。故答案是so;that。as。thesame...as...強(qiáng)調(diào)"和..?...是同一類,符合語(yǔ)境要求。故答案是as。that。thesame…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)"和是同一個(gè),符合語(yǔ)境要求。故答案是that。要點(diǎn)精講2:as用作關(guān)系代詞,引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,位于主句的前、中、后,強(qiáng)調(diào)前后迂輯ー致,表示“正如”,從句多含有see,know,expect,tell,report等動(dòng)詞;which和as用法區(qū)別:①位置上:which從句只能位于主句之后,as從句位于主句的前、中、后;②迂輯上:which強(qiáng)調(diào)前后不ー;as強(qiáng)調(diào)前后迂輯一致,"正如"；③句式上:which多用于"which+動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)”句型;as多用于asweallknow/see,asisoftenthecasewithsb等句型?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。Hefailedinthedrivingtestagain,surprisedusall.Hefailedinthedrivingtestagain,wehadexpected.isoftenthecasewithJim,hewasfinedforspeeding.isknowntoeverybody,lighttravelsfasterthansound.Theairqualityinthecity,isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.【答案與解析】which〇which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,且多用于“which+動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)”句型。故答案是which。asoas引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句強(qiáng)調(diào)前后邏輯一致,〃正如"。故答案是as。Asoasisoftenthecasewithsb引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。位于句首或句末。故答案是As。Asoasweallknow/asisknowntoall弓I導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。位于句首或句末。故答案是As。asoas引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可以插入到主句中間,如本句。故答案是as?？键c(diǎn)清單ハ、〃介詞+關(guān)系代詞〃結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)精講:先行詞指人關(guān)系代詞用whom,指物關(guān)系代詞用which:介詞選擇的原則：ー看先行詞詞特殊:要求,如toadegree,二看從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞搭配,如learnfrom三看整個(gè)語(yǔ)境邏輯。特殊結(jié)構(gòu)如inwhichcase,withwhosehelp等。【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。Doyourememberthedaywefirstmet?Doyourememberthemonthwefirstmet?Thisistheskirtshepaid$100.Thisistheskirtshespent$100.ThisismyEnglishteacher,I'velearnedalot.ThisismyEnglishteacher;helpIcouldn'thavemadesuchrapidprogress.【答案與解析】onwhich?！霸谀骋惶臁苯樵~用on。故答案是onwhich。inwhich?！霸谀骋辉隆苯樵~用in。故答案是inwhich〇forwhich〇pay...for...是固定詞組。故答案是forwhich。onwhichospendmoneyハimeon...是固定詞組。故答案是onwhich。fromwhom〇從句謂語(yǔ)含有l(wèi)earnfrom短語(yǔ)。故答案是fromwhom。withoutwhose〇withone'shelp表示“在某人幫助下”,結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用否定形式。故答案是withoutwhose〇考點(diǎn)清單九、定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致要點(diǎn)精講1:先行詞作主語(yǔ),that/which/who從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)保持一致。【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Anyonewho(want)toseethefilmshouldputupyourhands.52.1,who(be)yourfriend,canunderstandyou.【答案與解析】wantSoanyone作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故答案是wants。am。定語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)是I,對(duì)應(yīng)謂語(yǔ)是am。故答案是am。要點(diǎn)精講2:先行詞是oneof...結(jié)構(gòu),定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù);先行詞是theon卜/veryoneof…,定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Heisoneofthestudents