中英文對照-建筑材料

中英文對照-建筑材料第一頁，共86頁。CatalogueChapter1BasicPropertiesofMaterialsChapter2AirHardeningInorganicBindingMaterialsChapter3CementChapter4OrdinaryConcreteChapter5ConstructionMortarChapter6WallMaterialsChapter7BuildingSteelsChapter8WaterProofingMaterialsChapter9BituminousMixture第二頁，共86頁。CatalogueChapter1BasicPropertiesofMaterialsChapter2AirHardeningInorganicBindingMaterialsChapter3CementChapter4OrdinaryConcreteChapter5ConstructionMortarChapter6WallMaterialsChapter7BuildingSteelsChapter8WaterProofingMaterialsChapter9BituminousMixture第三頁，共86頁。Chapter1BasicPropertiesofMaterialsBack第四頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesmaterial材料density密度apparentdensity表觀密度bulkdensity堆積密度solidity密實(shí)度porosity孔隙率pore孔隙voidage空隙率void空隙Chapter1第五頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesstrength強(qiáng)度elasticity彈性plasticity塑性brittleness脆性toughness韌性durability耐久性compressivestrength抗壓強(qiáng)度tensilestrength抗拉強(qiáng)度shearingstrength抗剪強(qiáng)度Chapter1第六頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesbendingstrength抗彎強(qiáng)度deformation變形bendingstrength抗彎強(qiáng)度deformation變形stole石材cement水泥concrete砼mortar砂漿glass玻璃Chapter1第七頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasespottery陶瓷steel鋼材wood木材wettingangle潤濕角hydrophilicproperty親水性hydrophobicproperty憎水性water-absorbingquality吸水性waterabsorption吸水率waterpercentage含水率Chapter1第八頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesspecificabsorptionofquality質(zhì)量吸水率specificabsorptionofvolume體積吸水率waterpercentageofquality質(zhì)量含水率hygroscopic

吸濕性waterresistance耐水性saturation飽和Back第九頁，共86頁。Chapter2AirHardeningInorganicBindingMaterialsBackBack第十頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesbindingmaterials膠凝材料organicmaterials有機(jī)材料inorganicmaterials無機(jī)材料airhardeninginorganicbindingmaterials氣硬性無機(jī)膠凝材料hydraulicbindingmaterials水硬性膠凝材料gypsum石膏l(xiāng)ime石灰setting凝結(jié)Chapter2第十一頁，共86頁。WordsandPhaseshardening硬化slaking消化hydration水化quicklime生石灰slakedlime熟石灰groundquicklime生石灰粉groundquicklime生石灰粉groundhydratedlime熟石灰粉limepaste石灰膏asphalt瀝青Chapter2第十二頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasescompoundmaterial-tackinessagent合成材料-膠粘劑admixture外加劑fineness細(xì)度plastering抹灰rendering粉刷calciumquicklime鈣質(zhì)生石灰high-magnesiumquicklime鎂質(zhì)生石

Chapter2第十三頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesdolomitegroundslakedlime白云石消石灰粉over-burntlime過火石灰under-burntlime欠火石灰crystallization結(jié)晶carbonization碳化soundness體積安定性waterretentivity保水性shrinkage收縮Chapter2第十四頁，共86頁。WordsandPhaseslimepaste石灰漿milkoflime石灰乳silicateproducts硅酸鹽制品carbonatedlimeboard碳化石灰板lime-sandbrick灰砂磚activeblendedmaterials活性混合料Back第十五頁，共86頁。Chapter3CementBack第十六頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesPortlandcement:波特蘭水泥(硅酸鹽水泥)OrdinaryPortlandcement:普通硅酸鹽水泥ordinaryPortlandcement:普通硅酸鹽水泥furnance-slagcement:礦渣硅酸鹽水泥PortlandPozzlanacement:火山灰質(zhì)硅酸鹽水泥Portlandfly-ashcement:粉煤灰硅酸鹽水泥compositePortlandcement:復(fù)合水泥high-aluminacement:高鋁水泥Chapter3第十七頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesmagnesium-oxy-chloridecement:氯氧鎂水泥generalcement:通用水泥specialcement:專用水泥characteristiccement:特性水泥aluminouscement:鋁酸鹽水泥sulfoaluminatecement:硫鋁酸鹽水泥Chapter3第十八頁，共86頁。WordsandPhaseshydraulicity:水硬性plasticity:可塑性durability:耐久性aggregates:骨料silicate:硅酸鹽anti-corrosion:抗腐蝕freezingresistance:抗凍anchor:錨固

clay:粘土limestone:石灰石Chapter3第十九頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasescarbondioxide:二氧化碳（CO2）calciumoxide:氧化鈣（CaO）tricalciumsilicate:硅酸三鈣dicalciumsilicate:硅酸二鈣tricalciumaluminate:鋁酸三鈣tetracalciumaluminoferrite:鐵鋁酸四鈣shrinkage:收縮calciumhydroxide:氫氧化鈣calciumsilicatehydrate:水化硅酸鈣sulfate:硫酸鹽Chapter3第二十頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesmasonry:砌筑calciumaluminatehydrate:水化鋁酸鈣calciumferritehydrate:水化鐵酸鈣ettringite:水化硫鋁酸鈣（鈣礬石）paste:漿體initialperiod:初始反應(yīng)期inductionperiod:潛伏期capillaries:毛細(xì)管fineness:細(xì)度Chapter3第二十一頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesspecificsurfacearea:比表面積screeningmethod:篩分析法negativepressuresievingmethod:負(fù)壓篩法waterpressuresievingmethod:水篩法drysievingmethod:干篩法normalconsistency:標(biāo)準(zhǔn)稠度initialSetting:初凝時(shí)間Chapter3第二十二頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesfinalsetting:終凝時(shí)間soundness:體積安定性poordimensionalstability:體積安定性不良disassociated:游離的bacillus:桿狀菌Lechateliersoundnesstest:雷氏夾法mortar:砂漿compressivestrength:抗壓強(qiáng)度bendingstrength:抗折強(qiáng)度Back第二十三頁，共86頁。Chapter4OrdinaryConcreteBack第二十四頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesordinaryconcrete:普通混凝土highstrengthconcrete:高強(qiáng)混凝土depositconcrete:現(xiàn)澆混凝土precastconcrete:預(yù)制混凝土premixedconcrete:預(yù)拌混凝土plainconcrete:素混凝土prestressedconcrete:預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土reinforcedconcrete:鋼筋混凝土Chapter4第二十五頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesshotcreteconcrete:噴射混凝土massconcrete:大體積混凝土concretepumping:泵送混凝土plasticity:塑性durability:耐久性ingredient:組成材料aggregate:骨料coarseaggregate:粗骨料Chapter4第二十六頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesimpurities:有害雜質(zhì)mica:云母silt:淤泥organicsubstance:有機(jī)物sulphide:硫化物sulphate:硫酸鹽chloride:氯化物Chapter4第二十七頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesunitscreeningrate:分計(jì)篩余百分率accumulatedscreeningrate:累計(jì)篩余百分率gradingregion:級配區(qū)gradingcurve:級配曲線finenessmodulus:細(xì)度模數(shù)optimizedSp:合理砂率deformation:變形Chapter4第二十八頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesalkali-aggregatereaction:堿－骨料反應(yīng)potassium:鉀sodium:鈉gravel:碎石scree:卵石insolublematter:不溶物Chapter4第二十九頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasessequentGradation:連續(xù)級配discontinuousGradation:間斷級配singleGradation:單粒級igneousrock:火成巖metamorphicrock:變質(zhì)巖aqueousrock:水成巖crushingindex:壓碎指標(biāo)Chapter4第三十頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasessolublematter:可溶物concreteadmixture:混凝土外加劑rheologicalbehavior:流變性water-reducingadmixture:減水劑airentrainingadmixture:引氣劑pumpingaid:泵送劑setretarder:緩凝劑Chapter4第三十一頁，共86頁。WordsandPhaseshardeningaccelerating:早強(qiáng)劑flashsettingadmixture:速凝劑water-repellentadmixture:防水劑anti-freezingadmixture:阻銹劑expandingadmixture:膨脹劑anti-freezingadmixture:防凍劑coloringadmixture:著色劑surfactant:表面活性劑Chapter4第三十二頁，共86頁。WordsandPhaseshydrophilicgroup:親水基團(tuán)hydrophobicgroup:憎水基團(tuán)flocculationstructure:絮凝結(jié)構(gòu)Ligninsulfonatewater-reducingadmixture:木質(zhì)素減水劑largemoulding:大模板slidingformwork:滑模施工Naphthalenesulfonatewater-reducingadmixture:萘系減水劑Chapter4第三十三頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesresinouswater-reducingadmixtures:樹脂系減水劑chloridehardeningaccelerator:氯鹽類早強(qiáng)劑sulfatehardeningaccelerator:硫酸鹽類早強(qiáng)劑organicaminehardeningaccelerator:有機(jī)胺類早強(qiáng)劑rosinsoap:松香皂rosinpyrolyticpolymer:松香熱聚物molasses:糖蜜citric:檸檬酸sodiumaluminates:鋁酸鈉calciumaluminates:鋁酸鈣Chapter4第三十四頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasescaulkingengineering:堵漏工程initialsettingtime:初凝時(shí)間finalsettingtime:終凝時(shí)間impermeability:抗?jié)B性mineraladmixture:礦物摻合料flyash:粉煤灰silicafume:硅粉groundedslag:磨細(xì)礦渣Chapter4第三十五頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasessinteredclay:燒粘土zeolite:沸石粉volcanictuff:火山凝灰?guī)requalreplacement:等量取代法excessreplacement:超量取代法adscititious:外摻法silicafume:硅粉ferrosilicon:硅鐵合金siliconsteel.:硅鋼Chapter4第三十六頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesworkability:和易性freshconcrete:新拌混凝土mobility:流動(dòng)性viscidity:粘聚性waterretention:保水性workability:和易性slump:坍落度viscosity:粘性segregation：離析bleeding：泌水slump:坍落度vebeconsistometertest:維勃稠度試驗(yàn)Chapter4第三十七頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesdryshrinkage:干縮coldcontract:冷縮volumedecrease:體積減縮settlement:沉縮lasticshrinkage:塑性收縮bleedingpath:泌水通道one-axisstaticcompression:單軸靜態(tài)受壓elasticlimit:比例極限criticload:臨界荷載ultimateload:極限荷載Chapter4第三十八頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasescubiccompressivestrength:立方體抗壓強(qiáng)度specimen:試件prismcompressivestrength:軸心抗壓強(qiáng)度tensilestrength:抗拉強(qiáng)度bendingstrength:抗折強(qiáng)度velocitymixing:高速攪拌ultrasonicvibration:聲波攪拌highfrequencyvibration:高頻振幅multifrequencyvibration:多頻振幅Chapter4第三十九頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesextra-coefficientofcement:水泥富余系數(shù)naturalcure:自然養(yǎng)護(hù)steamcure:蒸汽養(yǎng)護(hù)autoclavedcure:蒸壓養(yǎng)護(hù)age:齡期hoopeffect:環(huán)箍效應(yīng)anti-permeability:抗?jié)B性anti-corrosion:抗侵蝕性anti-carbonate:抗碳化性Chapter4第四十頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesanti-abrasion:耐磨損carbonation:碳化mixProportionDesign:配合比設(shè)計(jì)designofpreliminarymix:初步配合比設(shè)計(jì)ascertainingthebasicmixproportion:基準(zhǔn)本配合比的確定laboratorymixProportion:實(shí)驗(yàn)室配合比workingMixProportion:施工配合比absolutevolume:絕對體積法assumeanapparentdensity:假定表觀密度法Back第四十一頁，共86頁。Chapter5ConstructionMortarBack第四十二頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesmasonrymortar砌筑砂漿surfacemortar抹面砂漿especialmortar特殊砂漿cementmortar水泥砂漿limemortar石灰砂漿mixmortar混合砂漿rubblemasonry毛石砌體brickwork磚砌體Chapter5第四十三頁，共86頁。WordsandPhaseshillysand山砂furnaceslag爐渣expansioncement膨脹水泥componentadapter構(gòu)件接頭structurereinforcement結(jié)構(gòu)加固cracklemending裂紋修補(bǔ)smoothflour-millingjointing光滑磨面勾縫Chapter5第四十四頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesmobility（consistency）流動(dòng)性（稠度）freshmortar新拌砂漿hardenedmortar硬化砂漿workability和易性waterdosage用水量sinkingdegree沉入量consistometerofmortar砂漿稠度儀Chapter5第四十五頁，共86頁。WordsandPhaseslaminate分層layeringdegree分層度densesubstrate(imhygrophanousbeds)密實(shí)基層（不吸水基層，如石材）poroussubstrate(hygrophanousbeds)多孔基層（吸水基層）empiricalcoefficient經(jīng)驗(yàn)系數(shù)cementmixmortar水泥混合砂漿cementmortar水泥砂漿Chapter5第四十六頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesadhesionstress粘結(jié)力substrate基底材料mixratiodesignofmortar砂漿配合比設(shè)計(jì)strengthstandarddeviation強(qiáng)度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差trialstrength試配強(qiáng)度Back第四十七頁，共86頁。Chapter6WallMaterials第四十八頁，共86頁。WordsandPhaseswallmaterial墻體材料roofmaterial屋面材料wallbricks砌墻磚firedbrick燒結(jié)磚firedclaybrick普通粘土磚firedporousbrick燒結(jié)多孔磚firedhollowbrick燒結(jié)空心磚autoclavedbrick蒸養(yǎng)（壓）磚wallblocks墻用砌塊Chapter6第四十九頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasessmall-sizehollowblock小型空心砌塊flyashandsilicatemedium-sizeblock粉煤灰硅酸鹽中型砌塊bricks磚blocks砌塊plywood板材porousbrick多孔磚hollowbrick空心磚solidbrick實(shí)心磚claybrick粘土磚Chapter6第五十頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesflyashbrick粉煤灰磚coalminewastebrick煤矸石磚variablecoefficient變形系數(shù)standarddeviation標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差flyashwaste粉煤灰渣small-sizeblock小砌塊medium-sizeblock中砌塊large-sizeblock大砌塊cementconcreteblock水泥混凝土砌塊Chapter6第五十一頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesflyashconcreteblock粉煤灰硅酸鹽混凝土砌塊plasterblock石膏砌塊porousblock多孔砌塊sinteredblock燒結(jié)砌塊flyashandsilicatemedium-sizeblock粉煤灰硅酸鹽中型砌塊frost-resistance抗凍性Chapter6第五十二頁，共86頁。stonework石砌體normalconcretehollowblock普通混凝土空心砌塊lightweightaggregateconcreteblock輕骨料混凝土砌塊relativewatercontent相對含水率dryshrinkage干縮率thermalconductivity導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)WordsandPhasesBack第五十三頁，共86頁。Chapter7BuildingSteelsBack第五十四頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesbuildingsteels建筑鋼材profilesteel(steelsection)型鋼steelangle角鋼steelplates鋼板steelbarforconcretereinforcement(bar)鋼筋steelwire鋼絲coloredmetal有色金屬blacknessmetal黑色金屬pigiron生鐵Chapter7第五十五頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesmolteniron生鐵水smelt冶煉oxidation氧化reduction還原deoxidize脫氧castingot鑄錠oxygenconverter氧氣轉(zhuǎn)爐evenfurnace平爐electriccooker電爐Chapter7第五十六頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesmeltmolteniron熔融鐵水carbonsteel碳素鋼alloysteel合金鋼coke焦炭ironore鐵礦石char炭impurities氧化物deoxidant脫氧劑boilingsteel沸騰鋼Chapter7第五十七頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasessedationsteel鎮(zhèn)靜鋼specialsedationsteel特殊鎮(zhèn)靜鋼lowcarbonsteel低碳鋼mediumcarbonsteel中碳鋼carbonsteel碳素鋼highcarbonsteel高碳鋼lowalloysteel低合金鋼mediumalloysteel中合金鋼alloysteel合金鋼Chapter7第五十八頁，共86頁。WordsandPhaseshighalloysteel高合金鋼deoxidationdegree脫氧程度commonsteel普通鋼highqualitysteel優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼advancedhighqualitysteel高級優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼structureSteel結(jié)構(gòu)鋼toolSteel工具鋼specialsteel特殊鋼stainlesssteel不銹鋼Chapter7第五十九頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesheat-resistantsteel耐熱鋼wear-resistantsteel耐磨鋼tool刀具steeltool量具mould模具impacttoughness沖擊韌性fatiguestrength疲勞強(qiáng)度coldbendingproperty冷彎性能weldingproperty焊接性能Chapter7第六十頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesyieldstress屈服強(qiáng)度tensilestrength抗拉強(qiáng)度elongation伸長率flexibilityphase彈性階段yieldphase屈服階段aggrandizementphase強(qiáng)化階段shrunkenphase頸縮階段yieldpoint屈服點(diǎn)yieldtensileratio屈強(qiáng)比Chapter7第六十一頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasescross-section斷面rupture斷裂coldworking冷加工colddrawing冷拉colddrawn冷拔rigidity硬度aging時(shí)效agingsensitivity時(shí)效敏感性strengthen強(qiáng)化Chapter7第六十二頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasescrystal晶體crystallattice晶格aberration畸變crystalgrains晶粒slid滑移steelbarforreinforcedconcrete鋼筋carbonstructuralsteel碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼codenames牌號mechanicalproperty力學(xué)性能Chapter7第六十三頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasestechnicalproperty技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)impact-resistance抗沖擊性能low-alloyandhigh-tensilesteel低合金高強(qiáng)度結(jié)構(gòu)鋼abrasiveresistance耐磨性corrosionresistance耐蝕性lowtemperatureresistance耐低溫性hot-rollsteel熱軋鋼筋coldrolledtwistedsteel冷拔低碳鋼絲Chapter7第六十四頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasescold-drawingsteel冷拉鋼絲prestressingstrand鋼絞線ingot鋼錠steelwireandstrandofprestressedconcrete預(yù)應(yīng)力砼用鋼絲、鋼絞線heattreatmentsteelofprestressedconcrete預(yù)應(yīng)力砼用熱處理鋼筋coldrolledribbedsteelwiresandbars冷軋帶肋鋼絲、鋼筋Back第六十五頁，共86頁。Chapter8WaterProofingMaterialsBack第六十六頁，共86頁。WordsandPhaseswaterproofingmaterial防水材料petroleumasphalt石油瀝青waterproofsheet防水卷材highpolymermodifiedbituminoussheetmaterial高聚物改性瀝青防水卷材SBSmodifiedbituminoussheetmaterialSBS改性瀝青防水材料elastomerbituminoussheetmaterial彈性體瀝青防水卷材Chapter8第六十七頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesAPPmodifiedbituminoussheetmaterialAPP改性瀝青防水卷材plastomerbituminoussheetmaterial塑性體瀝青防水卷材syntheticpolymerwaterproofsheet合成高分子防水卷材waterproofconformation防水構(gòu)造rigiditywaterproof剛性防水softwaterproof柔性防水waterproofconcrete防水混凝土Chapter8第六十八頁，共86頁。WordsandPhaseswaterproofsheet防水卷材waterproofcoating防水涂料jointmaterial嵌縫材料asphaltbasewaterproofingmaterial瀝青基防水材料highpolymermodifiedasphalt高聚物改性瀝青syntheticpolymerwaterproofingmaterial合成高分子防水材料Chapter8第六十九頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesmodifiedasphalt改性瀝青coaltar煤焦油resin樹脂rubber橡膠syntheticpolymermaterial合成高分子材料polymer高聚物distillation蒸餾crudeoil石油原油Chapter8第七十頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesbuildingpetroleumasphalt建筑石油瀝青pavementpetroleumasphalt道路石油瀝青ordinarypetroleumasphalt普通石油瀝青oilcomponent油分asphaltene瀝青質(zhì)viscosity粘度adhesiveability粘結(jié)性temperaturestability溫度穩(wěn)定性Chapter8第七十一頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesparaffinsoftenpoint軟化點(diǎn)penetrationdegree針入度colloidstructure膠體結(jié)構(gòu)soltype溶膠型sol-geltype溶凝型geltype凝膠型Chapter8第七十二頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesmicelle膠團(tuán)hydrophobicmaterial憎水性材料adhesiveforce附著力relativeviscosity相對粘度solidorsemi-solidpetroleumasphalt固體或半固體石油瀝青l(xiāng)iquidpetroleumasphalt液體石油瀝青normalviscosity標(biāo)準(zhǔn)粘度Chapter8第七十三頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasespenetrometer針入度儀ductility延度standardviscidity標(biāo)準(zhǔn)粘度normalviscidityinstrument標(biāo)準(zhǔn)粘度計(jì)ringandballsofteningpointinstrument環(huán)球法軟化點(diǎn)儀distortion變形glycerine甘油Chapter8第七十四頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesatmospherestability大氣穩(wěn)定性（耐久性）evaporation蒸發(fā)oven烘箱solubility溶解度cohesion粘性bituminouswaterproofsheetmaterial瀝青防水卷材synthetichighpolymersheet合成高分子卷材Chapter8第七十五頁，共86頁。WordsandPhasesflexibility柔韌性mechanicalstrength機(jī)械強(qiáng)度breakingability抗斷裂性flexiblesheetwaterproofmaterial可卷曲片狀防水材料modifiedbituminous改性瀝青support胎體surfacematerial覆面材料Chapter8第七十六頁，共86頁。fabric纖維織物WordsandPhasesofChapterEightfelt纖維氈polyethylenemembrane聚乙烯膜fiberglass玻璃纖維polyesterfelt聚酯氈impermeability不透水性heatresistanceability耐熱度elasticity柔度thermalplastic熱塑料waterimpermeability不透水性Chapter8Wordsand