2013各校mti真題-山東科技

山東科技大學(xué)2013年招收入學(xué)考英語(yǔ)翻譯基礎(chǔ)試Directions:Translatethefollowingwords,abbreviations，terminologyorsentencesintotheirlanguagerespectively.Therearealtogether20itemswithonepointforeach,and5sentenceswith2pointsforeachinthispartofthetest.(30points)局 altragedyhauntedhisentirelife,inthedeathsoflovedConsumerslookforthebestvaluesforwhattheyspendwhileproducersseekthebestpriceandprofitforwhattheyhavetosell.Beingignorantoflawsandafraidofbeingexposedtothepublic,theyresortedtosettingthematteroutofcourt.Directions:Translatethefollowingthreesourcetextsintotheirlanguagerespectively.IfthesourcetextisinEnglish,itslanguageisChinese.IfthesourcetextisinChinese,itslanguageisEnglish.(120points)SourceText1(30們將以竹葉包扎好的糯米粽子投入自盡的那條江，以祭祀亡靈。今天，人們?cè)诙宋鐣r(shí)節(jié)舉行龍舟比賽，而粽子則由活生生的人來(lái)。農(nóng)歷八月十五日的中秋節(jié)是觀賞滿月的日子。圓圓的月亮象征著，進(jìn)而象征著家庭團(tuán)聚。中秋節(jié)的特制食品是一種圓形的月餅，內(nèi)含核桃仁、蜜餞、豆沙或蛋黃等食物。春節(jié)的農(nóng)歷新年，春節(jié)的日期按農(nóng)歷的海鮮、家禽和肉類之外，人們還要按各自的地方烹制一些傳統(tǒng)菜肴，例如的餃子、的八寶飯和廣州的米羹。各地都可以見(jiàn)到形態(tài)各異、口味不一的年糕。年糕SourceText2(30AnInnerAphysicianstartsplayingaharshmentaltinherheadeverytimeanetientcalls:WhatifImakethewrongdiagnosis?I’materribledoctor.HowdidIgetintomedicalschool?Anexecutiveloseshisjobdespite25productiveyears,helshimself:I’maloser.Ican’tprovideformyfamily,andI’llneverbeabletotagain.Ifthesereal-lifeexamplessoundfamiliar,youmayhaveacausticcommentaryrunninginyourhead,too.PsychologistssaymanyoftheirpatientsaredbyaharshInnerCritic—includingsomeextremelysuccessfulpeoplewhothinkit’sthesecrettotheirsuccess.AnInnerCriticcanindeedroustyououtofbedinthemorning,getyouonthetreadmillandspuryoutofinishthatbookorsymphonyorinvention.Butthedesiretoachievecangethijackedbyharshjudgmentandunrelentingfear.Unrelentingself-criticismoftengoeshandinhandwithanxiety,anditmayevenpredictdepression.Self-criticismisalsoafactorineatingdisorders,andbodydisorder—thatis,preoccupationwithone’sperceivedphysicalflaws.Manypeople’sInnerCriticmakesanappearanceearlyinlifeandissuchaconstantcompanionthatit’spartoftheir ality.Psychologistssaythatchildren,particularlythosewithageneticpredispositiontodepression,mayinternalizeandexaggeratetheexpectationsofparentsorpeersorsociety.Onetheoryisthatself-criticismisangerturnedinward,whensufferersarefilledwithhostilitybuttooafraidandinsecuretoletitout.Othertheoriesholdthatpeoplewhoscoldthemselvesareactingoutguiltorshameorsubconsciouslyshieldingthemselvesagainstcriticismfromothers:Youcan’tlmeanythingIdon’talreadylmyself,eveninharsherTechniquesfromcognitivebehavioraltherapycanbehelpfulinchangingpatternsofthoughtthathave epainful.Therearemanypatients,suchasdoctors,lawyers—whobelievedthatiftheydidn’tflogthemselves,theywouldn’tbesuccessful.Andpartofpsychologists’workistobreakthroughthatbeliefbylingthepatientsthattheyusuallysucceedinspiteoftheirInnerCritics,notbecauseofthem.SourceText3(60TheLinguisticThereareasmanyasthreethousandlanguageswhicharespokentoday.Theselanguagesareverydifferentfromeachother.Indeed,itisprimarilythefactthattheyaresodifferentastobemutuallyuninligiblethatallowsustocallthemseparaanguages.Aspeakerofoneofthem,nomatterhowskillfulandfluent,cannotcommunicatewithaspeakerofanotherunlessoneofthem,aswesay,“l(fā)earnstheother’slanguage.”Yetthesedifferences,greatastheyare,aredifferencesofdetail－ofthekindsofsoundsusedandthewaysofputtingthemtogether.Intheirbroadoutlines,intheirbasicprinciples,andeveninthewaytheyapproachcertainspecificproblemsofcommunication,languageshaveagreatdealincommon.Weareallintimayfamiliarwithatleastonelanguage,yetfewofuseverstoptoconsiderwhatweknowaboutit.Thewordsofalanguagecanbelistedinadictionary,butnotallthesentences,andalanguageconsistsofthesesentencesaswellaswords.Speakersuseafinitesetofrulestoproduceandunderstandaninfinitesetofsentences.Theserulescomprisethegrammarofalanguage,whichislearnedwhenyouacquirethelanguage.Thegrammarofalanguageincludesthesoundsystem,howwordsmaybecombinedintophrasesandsentences,andthewayinwhichsoundsandmeaningsarerelated.Thesoundsandmeaningofwordsarerelatedinanarbitraryfashion.Thatis,ifyouhadneverheardtheword“grammar”,youwouldnot,byitssounds,knowwhatitmeant.Language,then,isasystemthatrelatessoundswithmeanings,andwhenyouknowalanguage,youknowthissystem.Thislinguisticknowledge,orlinguisticcompetence,isdifferentfromlinguisticbehavior,knownaslinguisticperformance.Ifyouwokeuponemorninganddecidedtostoptalking,youwouldstillhavetheknowledgeofyourlanguage.Ifyoudonotknowthelanguage,youcannotspeakit;butifyouknowthelanguage,youmaychoosenottospeak.Languageisatoolofcommunication.Butiflanguageisdefinedmerelyasasystemofcommunication,thenlanguageisnotuniquetohumans.Weknowbirds,bees,crabs,spiders,whales,andmostothercreaturescommunicateinsomeway.However,therearecertaincharacteristicsofhumanlanguagenotfoundinthecommunicationsystemsofanyotherspecies.Abasicpropertyofhumanlanguageisitscreati