實(shí)驗(yàn)4-3：配置多區(qū)域OSPF和P2MP、P2P幀中繼

實(shí)驗(yàn)4-3:配置多區(qū)域OSPF和P2MP、P2P幀中繼【實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康摹浚涸诒敬螌?shí)驗(yàn)中，你將在復(fù)雜的幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)中配置OSPF。在完成本次實(shí)驗(yàn)之后，你需要完成下列任務(wù)：使用點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型配置OSPF使用點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型配置OSPF連接核心中的其他設(shè)備【實(shí)驗(yàn)拓?fù)洹浚篊onfiguringOSPFforMultipleAreasandFrameRelayP2MPandP2P注意：圖中x為所在機(jī)架編號(hào)，y為路由器編號(hào)。【實(shí)驗(yàn)幫助】：如果出現(xiàn)任何問(wèn)題，可以向在值的輔導(dǎo)老師提出并請(qǐng)求提供幫助?！久盍斜怼浚好蠲枋?config)#defaultinterfaces0恢復(fù)S0接口到默認(rèn)配置(config-subif)#frame-relayinterface-dlci122給點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)連接指定DLCI(config)#internfaces0/0.1multipoint|point-to-point創(chuàng)建一個(gè)點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)（點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)）子接口(config-subif)#ipospfnetworkPoint-to-multipoint強(qiáng)制指定OSPF接口類型為點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)。缺省是NBMA。(config-router)#network55area0指定符合這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)范圍的接口運(yùn)行在這個(gè)指定的OSPF區(qū)域(config-if)#noframe-relayinverse-arp關(guān)閉此接口的幀中繼反向ARP解析【任務(wù)一】：配置OSPF多區(qū)域和幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)、點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程：第一步：在邊界路由器，創(chuàng)建一個(gè)多點(diǎn)子接口s0.1。你將使用這個(gè)為OSPF點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型去連接幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)。第二步：更改子接口s0.1的OSPF網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型為點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)（缺省的幀中繼多點(diǎn)子接口網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型是非廣播（NBMA）第三步：分配IP地址172.31.xx.y/24到s0.1接口，x是你的機(jī)架號(hào),y是你的路由器編號(hào)。例如：P3R2,這個(gè)IP地址是/24。第四步：因?yàn)槲覀兊膸欣^沒(méi)有使用幀中繼反向ARP，我們需要手動(dòng)的映著這個(gè)遠(yuǎn)程地址到本地DLCI號(hào)。在邊界路由器創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的幀中繼映射語(yǔ)句到路由器BBR2的IP地址172.31.xx.4使用DLCI號(hào)2xy，這兒x是機(jī)架號(hào)，y是你的路由器編號(hào)。不要放記添加broadcast參數(shù)。例如：P3R2，這個(gè)幀中繼映射語(yǔ)句應(yīng)該是：frame-relaymapip232broadcastP3R1，這個(gè)幀中繼映射語(yǔ)句應(yīng)該是：frame-relaymapip231broadcast第五步：在邊界路由器上接活S0接口。第六步：在邊界路由器上，在OSPF進(jìn)程下添加新的network語(yǔ)句聲明172.31.xx.0這個(gè)網(wǎng)段運(yùn)行在Area0，同時(shí)使用ipospfnetworkpoint-to-multipoint命令修改S0.1接口的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型。第七步：在邊界路由器，使用適當(dāng)?shù)膕how命令檢查OSPF鄰居狀態(tài)。在點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型下這里是否有DR/BDR？你的路由器輸出應(yīng)該與下列類似：P1R1#shiposneiNeighborIDPriStateDeadTimeAddressInterface1FULL/BDR00:01:55Serial0.1100FULL/DR00:01:54Serial00FULL/-00:00:35Serial11FULL/DR00:00:37Ethernet0P1R1#第八步：顯示邊界路由器PxR1和PxR2的路由表，驗(yàn)證他們是正確的學(xué)習(xí)了核心的OSPF路由。從邊界路由器PINGBBR2路由器的以太網(wǎng)接口，以驗(yàn)證與核心建立了正確的連接。你的輸出應(yīng)該與下列類似：router#pingTypeEscapesequencetoabort.Sending5,100-byteICMPEchosto,timeoutis2seconds:Successrateis80Percent(4/5),round-tripmin/avg/max=1/1/4ms第九步：創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)子接口s0.2連接兩個(gè)邊界路由器。配置IP地址10.xx.0.y/24給這個(gè)子接口，x是你的機(jī)架編號(hào)，y是你的路由器編號(hào)。這個(gè)從路由器PxR1到PxR2的DLCI是122，路由器從PxR2到PxR1的DLCI是221。例如，P3R1和P3R2路由器的連接，配置如下所示：P3R1(config)#interfaceSerial0.2point-to-pointP3R1(config-subif)#ipaddressP3R1(config-subif)#frame-relayinterface-dlci122P3R2(config)#interfaceSerial0.2point-to-pointP3R2(config-subif)#ipaddressP3R2(config-subif)#frame-relayinterface-dlci221第十步：在每一個(gè)邊界路由器上，PING對(duì)方邊界路由器的S0.2子接口，驗(yàn)證連接的正確性。你的輸出應(yīng)該與下列類似：router#pingTypeEscapesequencetoabort.Sending5,100-byteICMPEchosto,timeoutis2seconds:Successrateis80Percent(4/5),round-tripmin/avg/max=1/1/4ms第十一步：在邊界路由器上，加入10.xx.0.0網(wǎng)絡(luò)到OSPF區(qū)域x。第十二步：在邊界路由器上，驗(yàn)著兩個(gè)子接口的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型。哪一個(gè)OSPF的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型是點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)子接口的缺省網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型？你的顯示應(yīng)該與下列類似：P1R1#shiposintSerial0.1isup,lineprotocolisupInternetAddress/24,Area0ProcessID1,RouterID,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_MULTIPOINT,Cost:64TransmitDelayis1sec,StatePOINT_TO_MULTIPOINT,Timerintervalsconfigured,Hello30,Dead120,Wait120,Retransmit5oob-resynctimeout120Helloduein00:00:11Index2/4,floodqueuelength0Next0x0(0)/0x0(0)Lastfloodscanlengthis1,maximumis3Lastfloodscantimeis4msec,maximumis4msecNeighborCountis1,Adjacentneighborcountis1AdjacentwithneighborSuppresshellofor0neighbor(s)(OutputOmitted)Serial0.2isup,lineprotocolisupInternetAddress/24,Area1ProcessID1,RouterID,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_POINT,Cost:64TransmitDelayis1sec,StatePOINT_TO_POINT,Timerintervalsconfigured,Hello10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmit5oob-resynctimeout40Helloduein00:00:06Index3/5,floodqueuelength0Next0x0(0)/0x0(0)Lastfloodscanlengthis2,maximumis3Lastfloodscantimeis4msec,maximumis4msecNeighborCountis1,Adjacentneighborcountis1AdjacentwithneighborSuppresshellofor0neighbor(s)(OutputOmitted)第十三步：在邊界路由器上，使用適當(dāng)?shù)膕how命令驗(yàn)證OSPF鄰居狀態(tài)。在點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)網(wǎng)中這里是否有DR/BDR存在？你的輸出應(yīng)該與下列類似：P1R1#shiposneiNeighborIDPriStateDeadTimeAddressInterface0FULL/-00:01:31Serial.20FULL/-00:00:33Serial.20FULL/-00:00:33Serial11FULL/DR00:00:34Ethernet0P1R1#第十四步：在邊界路由器上，驗(yàn)著IP路由表中的OSPF路由，依靠你使用的機(jī)架，你可能會(huì)看到其它機(jī)架的路由。你的輸出與下列類似：P1R1#shiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotset/16isvariablysubnetted,4subnets,2masksC/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial0C/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial0.1O/32[110/128]via,00:03:47,Serial0.1O/32[110/64]via,00:03:47,Serial.0/24issubnetted,6subnetsCisdirectlyconnected,Serial0.2O[110/74]via,00:07:54,Ethernet0O[110/74]via,00:07:55,Serial1[110/74]via,00:07:55,Serial0.2Cisdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0Cisdirectlyconnected,Serial1OE[110/20]via,00:03:38,Serial0.1P1R1#第十五步：在內(nèi)部路由器上，驗(yàn)證IP路由表中的OSPF路由。P1R3#shiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotset/16isvariablysubnetted,4subnets,2masksOIA/24[110/74]via,00:05:11,Ethernet0OIA/32[110/10]via,00:04:20,Ethernet0OIA/32[110/74]via,00:04:20,Ethernet0[110/74]via,00:04:20,Serial0OIA/32[110/74]via,00:04:20,Ethernet0/8isvariablysubnetted,7subnets,2masksO/24[110/74]via,00:08:27,Ethernet0C3/32isdirectlyconnected,Loopback0C/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial0O/24[110/74]via,00:08:28,Serial0C/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0O/24[110/74]via,00:08:28,Ethernet0OE/24[110/20]via,00:04:16,Ethernet0P1R3#第十六步：為什么有一些路由在內(nèi)部路由器標(biāo)記為“OIA”，但在是邊界路由器沒(méi)有呢?第十七步：在邊界路由器和內(nèi)部路由器上使用showipprotocols命令驗(yàn)證OSPF路由進(jìn)程。邊界路由器屬于多個(gè)少區(qū)域？?jī)?nèi)部路由器屬于多少區(qū)域？P1R3#shipproRoutingProtocolis"ospf1"OutgoingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetIncomingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetRouterID3Numberofareasinthisrouteris1.1normal0stub0nssaMaximumpath:4RoutingforNetworks:55area1RoutingInformationSources:GatewayDistanceLastUpdate11001:45:0911000:10:3711000:06:3011000:06:2911002:32:1811000:10:3711000:06:24Distance:(defaultis110)P1R1#shipproRoutingProtocolis"ospf1"OutgoingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetIncomingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetRouterIDItisanareaborderrouterNumberofareasinthisrouteris2.2normal0stub0nssaMaximumpath:4RoutingforNetworks:55area55area155area055area0RoutingInformationSources:GatewayDistanceLastUpdate11001:46:3311000:11:5911000:07:511000:07:511002:33:3911000:07:41Distance:(defaultis110)【實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證】：成功完成整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，你需要完成下列任務(wù)：你有在點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)和點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置OSPF。你能夠PING通BBR2路由器?！韭酚善髋渲谩浚篜1R1:hostnameP1R1!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!noaaanew-modelipsubnet-zeronoipdomainlookupinterfaceEthernet0ipaddress!interfaceSerial0ipaddressencapsulationframe-relayframe-relaymapip111broadcastnoframe-relayinverse-arp!interfaceSerial0.1multipointipaddressipospfnetworkpoint-to-multipointframe-relaymapip211broadcastnoframe-relayinverse-arp!interfaceSerial0.2point-to-pointipaddressframe-relayinterface-dlci122ipaddressclockrate64000!routerospf1router-idlog-adjacency-changesnetwork55area1network55area1network55area0network55area0!noiphttpserveripclasslesslinecon0exec-timeout300loggingsynchronouslineaux0linevty04login!!EndP1R2:hostnameP1R2!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!noaaanew-modelipsubnet-zeronoipdomainlookupinterfaceEthernet0ipaddressinterfaceSerial0ipaddressencapsulationframe-relayipospfpriority0frame-relaymapip112broadcastnoframe-relayinverse-arp!interfaceSerial0.1multipointipaddressipospfnetworkpoint-to-multipointframe-relaymapip212broadcastnoframe-relayinverse-arp!interfaceSerial0.2point-to-pointipaddressframe-relayinterface-dlci221!interfaceSerial1ipaddress!routerospf1ro