考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣州華商職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣州華商職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Rao’s,thelegendaryeastHarlemItalianeatery,ismorethanahundredblocksabovetheWallStreet.ButwithaclientelethatincludessomeofthecorporateAmerica’sleadinglights,bigbusinessisneverfaraway.ConsiderthetablehostedonenightlastyearbyRao’sregular,Richard(Bo)Dietl—hewasjoinedbyGeneralElectric’sCEO,JeffreyImmelt,NBCchairmanBobWrightandLaw&OrdercreatorDickWolf.WolfwasjustenteringnegotiationsforanewcontractforLaw&OrdertokeeprunningonGE-ownedNBC.Noonesignedanycontractsorhaggledoverfiguresthatnight.Butnotlongafter,NBCannounceditwouldbroadcastLaw&Orderthrough2008.WolfsaysnowthatDietl’sdinneratRao’swaskeytosmoothingoutthenegotiations:“Itwasenormouslyhelpfulforhimtogetusalltogetherinthatsetting.”

Withhisjust-publishedbook,BusinessLunchatations,Dietlhopestolaunchhimselfastheauthorityonhoweveryonecansharpenhisnetworkingsocialskills.

Inhis$7,000Italiansuits,Dietltellstalesofhisadventureswiththerichandfamous;golfingwithformerGEchairmanJackWelch,fly-fishingwithformerPepsiCochairmanRogerEnrico,diningadeuxwithViacom’sSumnerRedstoneorcomparingnotesonprivatejetswithhispalDonaldTrump.Dietlsayshe’searnedthesemen’strustbymakingitclearhewantsnothingmorethantoshowthemagoodtimeandshareagoodlaugh.“Youdon’tdothisthinking,oh,whatbusinesscanIgetoutofthem?”hesays.“Youdoitforsheerfriendship.Andthenthegoodthingsjustcomeout.”Corporatebossessaytheyappreciatethesell.“Bo’saguyyouwanttodoafavorfor,”saysWelch,“becauseyouknowhe’lldoafavorforyou.”

Inhisbook,ofcourse,Dietlurgesreaderstodomorethanjustbenicetostrangersandwaitforgoodkarma.Networkingtipsrangefromhowtolistenandaskquestionsinconversationswithstrangers—eyecontact,uprightpostureandclarifyingquestionsaremusts—topracticalpointerslike“keepgoingbacktothebuffet”(toincreasethenumberofcontactsatacrowdedevent)and“wearanoriginalaccessory”(toensurestickingoutinanewacquaintance’smind).Still,Dietlsaysthemostcommonlymissedsecretofnetworkingisstartingwiththehumantouch.“Ifthere’sgoingtobebusiness,possiblytherecouldbebusiness,”hesays.“Butit’sgottastartoutfromthefriendshipside.”

26.WolfhascometobelievethatthereasonLaw&Orderwasextendedto2008was________.

27.ByreferringtoDietl’sbook,theauthorintendstoshow________.

28.Itisimpliedthatyoucanimproveyournetworkingskillsby________.

29.Dietlconcludesthatthemostimportantthingtodoisto________.

30.Thebesttitleforthistextmightbe________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theItalianfood

B.theydidn’thavetogofarfromWallstreettogettoRao’s

C.theydidn’thaggleoverdinner

D.Dietl’sget-together

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Bo’sintelligences

B.Richard’scharm

C.Mr.Dietl’sfame

D.Mr.Dietl’sauthority

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.havingadventureswiththerichandfamous

B.wearingexpensivesuits

C.doingfavorsandlaughing

D.beingfriendly

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.keepgoingbacktothebuffet

B.beginwithfriendship

C.touchpeople

D.keepintouchwithcontacts

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.AdventureswiththeRichandFamous

B.FavorsReceived

C.MeetMeforLunchatation

D.GoodTimesandLaughter

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】26.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句WolfsaysnowthatDietl’sdinneratRao’swaskeytosmoothingoutthenegotiations:“Itwasenormouslyhelpfulforhimtogetusalltogetherinthatsetting.”（沃爾夫說(shuō)，現(xiàn)在迪特爾在拉奧餐廳的晚餐是促成談判順利進(jìn)行的關(guān)鍵：“他把我們所有人聚在一起，這對(duì)他非常有幫助?！保?，所以D選項(xiàng)“迪特爾的聚會(huì)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“意大利菜”，B選項(xiàng)“他們不需要從華爾街走很遠(yuǎn)就能到餐廳”和C選項(xiàng)“他們吃飯時(shí)沒(méi)有討價(jià)還價(jià)”與題目沒(méi)有直接關(guān)系，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

27.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Withhisjust-publishedbook,BusinessLunchatations,Dietlhopestolaunchhimselfastheauthorityonhoweveryonecansharpenhisnetworkingsocialskills.（迪特爾剛剛出版《商務(wù)午餐》這本書，希望成為教人提高人際交往技巧的權(quán)威。），作者通過(guò)出版的書想要表達(dá)迪特爾的權(quán)威性，所以D選項(xiàng)“迪特爾的權(quán)威”正確，突出迪特爾的權(quán)威是為了讓讀者信服他的社交技巧，名望在這里沒(méi)有太大用處，也不是重點(diǎn)，故C選項(xiàng)“迪特爾的名望”錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“鮑勃的智慧”和B選項(xiàng)“理查德的魅力”：不是表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

28.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句Dietlsayshe’searnedthesemen’strustbymakingitclearhewantsnothingmorethantoshowthemagoodtimeandshareagoodlaugh.（迪特爾表示，他已經(jīng)贏得了這些男人的信任，因?yàn)樗鞔_表示，他只是想和他們共度一段美好時(shí)光，與他們一起開懷大笑。）和最后一句“Bo’saguyyouwanttodoafavorfor,”saysWelch,“becauseyouknowhe’lldoafavorforyou.”（韋爾奇說(shuō)：“鮑勃是你想幫的人，因?yàn)槟阒浪麜?huì)幫你。”），可知可以通過(guò)讓別人愉快和幫助別人提高社交技能，所以C選項(xiàng)“樂(lè)于助人，帶來(lái)歡笑”正確；只有D選項(xiàng)“友好”還不夠，故錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“與富人和名人一起冒險(xiǎn)”和B選項(xiàng)“穿名貴的衣服”，根據(jù)第三段：Inhis$7,000Italiansuits,Dietltellstalesofhisadventureswiththerichandfamous（迪特爾穿著價(jià)值7000美元的意大利西裝，講述著他與富人和名人的冒險(xiǎn)故事），這里講的迪特爾書中的內(nèi)容，并不是社交技巧，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

29.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第三句Dietlsaysthemostcommonlymissedsecretofnetworkingisstartingwiththehumantouch.（迪特爾說(shuō)，最常被忽視的秘訣是人與人之間的人際交往從接觸開始。），可知人際交往中最重要的是C選項(xiàng)“與人接觸”，而不是D選項(xiàng)“保持聯(lián)系”。B選項(xiàng)“建立友誼”：根據(jù)第三段第四句Youdoitforsheerfriendship.Andthenthegoodthingsjustcomeout.（你這么做純粹是為了友誼。然后好事就會(huì)出現(xiàn)。），建立友誼有幫助，沒(méi)有說(shuō)到這是最重要的，故錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)去吃自助餐”：根據(jù)第四段第二句topracticalpointerslike“keepgoingbacktothebuffet”(toincreasethenumberofcontactsatacrowdedevent)（還有一些實(shí)用的技巧，比如“繼續(xù)去吃自助餐”，在擁擠的場(chǎng)合增加聯(lián)系人的數(shù)量），吃自助餐沒(méi)有說(shuō)是最重要的，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

30.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文講述社交技巧，通過(guò)營(yíng)造愉快的氛圍從而促成情感信任，所以D選項(xiàng)“美好時(shí)光和歡樂(lè)笑聲”正確。A選項(xiàng)“與富人和名人的冒險(xiǎn)”，B選項(xiàng)“接受的幫助”和C選項(xiàng)“午餐的相遇”是文章的部分內(nèi)容，不足以概括全文，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Foodistotheblood______readingistothemind.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.which

C.what

D.so

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。本題考查的句型是：AistoBwhatCistoD=AistoBjustasCistoD。意為“A對(duì)于B正如C對(duì)于D一樣”，如：Peopleistothearmywhatwateristofish．句意：食物之于血液，猶如讀書之于心靈。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

“ShallItellAnnhowtoimproveherpainting?”

“Yes，but（）ofsuggestionsmaydiscourageher.”

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.alisttoolong

B.toolongalist

C.atoolonglist

D.alistoftoolong

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。因?yàn)榭崭窈竺婢o跟的ofsuggestions“……的建議”，所以名詞list要放在詞組最后，即listofsuggestions，因此可以排除A，D選項(xiàng)。too+adj.作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，而放在名詞前語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋簍oo+adj.+（限定詞）+noun?；蛘邔⑵浞旁诿~后語(yǔ)序是：（限定詞）+noun+too+adj，所以C選項(xiàng)的語(yǔ)序不對(duì)，可排除。句意：我要告訴安如何改進(jìn)她的畫嗎？可以，但是太多的建議可能會(huì)讓她氣餒。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Thegloveswerereallytoosmall,anditwasonlyby______themthatImanagedtogetthemon.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stretching

B.squeezing

C.extending

D.spreading

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)stretch“（柔軟或彈性物）伸展，拉緊”，B項(xiàng)squeeze“擠，緊握”，C項(xiàng)extend“延伸，擴(kuò)大”，D項(xiàng)spread“散布，傳播”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句子gloveswerereallytoosmall“手套太小”和Imanagedtogetthemon“我設(shè)法戴上”可知，空格部分表示“把手套撐大”，只有A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：那副手套實(shí)在太小了，我只有把它們撐大才能戴上。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Manypeopleare（）toinsectbites,andsomeevenhavetogotohospital.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insensitive

B.allergic

C.infectious

D.alert

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)insensitive“感覺(jué)遲鈍的”；B選項(xiàng)allergic“對(duì)……過(guò)敏的”；C選項(xiàng)infectious“傳染的；傳染性的”；D選項(xiàng)alert“警惕的；留心的”。句意：很多人對(duì)蟲子叮咬過(guò)敏，且有些人甚至不得不去醫(yī)院。結(jié)合此處句意，B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

MargaretMead'sreputationwasestablishedwiththepublicationofherbookin1928andwasenhancedbyhermanysubsequentcontributionstoanthropology.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obscured

B.entranced

C.heightened

D.restored

【答案】C

【解析】句意：enhanced意為“提高，增強(qiáng)”。obscured掩蓋，遮蔽；entranced著迷的，狂喜的；heightened提高，升高；restored修復(fù)，恢復(fù)。選項(xiàng)C與之意思相近。

7.單選題

MalaysiaandIndonesiarelymuchonopenmarketsforforestandfisheryproducts,（

）,someAsiancountriesarehighlyprotectionist.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deliberately

B.conversely

C.evidently

D.naturally

【答案】B

【解析】考察副詞詞義辨析。deliberately“故意地，謹(jǐn)慎地”；conversely“相反地”；evidently“顯然，明顯地”；naturally“自然地”。句意：馬來(lái)西亞和印度尼西亞依靠林業(yè)和漁業(yè)產(chǎn)品開放市場(chǎng)。相反，亞洲一些國(guó)家實(shí)行高度的保護(hù)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

Onlytakesuchclothes（

）reallynecessary.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aswere

B.astheyare

C.astheywere

D.asare

【答案】D

9.單選題

12.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Heishavingagoodtime.

B.Heisverymuchlikehisoldbicycle.

C.Hewillbuyanewbicyclerightaway.

D.Hewouldratherbuyanewbicyclelater.

【答案】D

【解析】W:Carl,yourbicycleistooold,it’snotsafetoride.

M:Yeah!IthinkIneedtobuyanewone,butallingoodtime.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

【解析】男士說(shuō)：IthinkIneedtobuyanewone,butitwillgowithtime（我考慮買新車，但這需要時(shí)間）。

10.單選題

Psychologistshaveknownforalongtimethateconomistsarewrong.Mosteconomists—atleast,thoseoftheclassicalpersuasion—believethatanyfinancialgain,howeversmall,isworthhaving.Butpsychologistsknowthisisnottrue.Theyknowbecauseoftheultimatumgame,theoutcomeofwhichisoftentherejectionoffreemoney.

Inthisgame,oneplayerdividesapotofmoneybetweenhimselfandanother.Theotherthenchooseswhethertoaccepttheoffer.Ifherejectsit,neitherplayerbenefits.Anddespitetheinstinctsofclassicaleconomics,astingy(小氣的)offer(onethatislessthanaboutaquarterofthetotal)is,indeed,usuallyrejected.Thequestionis,why?

Oneexplanationoftherejectioniststrategyisthathumanpsychologyisadaptedforrepeatedinteractionsratherthanone-offtrades.Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.Rejectingastingyofferinaone-offgameisthusjustasinglemoveinalargerstrategy.Andindeed,whenone-offultimatumgamesareplayedbytrainedeconomists,whoknowallthis,theydotendtoacceptstingyoffersmoreoftenthanotherpeoplewould.Buteventheyhavetheirlimits.Tothrowsomelightonwhythoselimitsexist,TerenceBurnhamofHarvardUniversityrecentlygatheredagroupofstudentsofmicroeconomicsandaskedthemtoplaytheultimatumgame.Allofthestudentsherecruitedweremen.

Dr.Burnham’sresearchbudgetrantoabunchof$40games.Whentherearemanyroundsintheultimatumgame,playerslearntosplitthemoneymoreorlessequally.ButDr.Burnhamwasinterestedinagameofonlyoneround.Inthisgame,whichtheplayersknewinadvancewasfinalandcouldthusnotaffectfutureoutcomes,proposerscouldchooseonlybetweenofferingtheotherplayer$25(i.e.morethanhalfthetotal)or$5.Responderscouldacceptorrejecttheofferasusual.Thoseresultsrecorded,Dr.Burnhamtooksaliva(唾液)samplesfromallthestudentsandcomparedthetestosteronelevelsassessedfromthosesampleswithdecisionsmadeintheone-roundgame.

AshedescribesintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety,theresponderswhorejectedalowfinalofferhadanaveragetestosteronelevelmorethan50%higherthantheaverageofthosewhoaccepted.Fiveofthesevenmenwiththehighesttestosteronelevelsinthestudyrejecteda$5ultimateofferbutonlyoneofthe19othersmadethesamedecision.

WhatDr.Burnham’sresultsupportsisamuchdeeperrejectionofthetenetsofclassicaleconomicsthanonebasedonaslightmis-evolutionofnegotiatingskills.Itbackstheideathatwhatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity.Theywouldratheracceptlessthemselvesthanseearivalgetahead.Thatislikelytobeparticularlytrueinindividualswithhightestosteronelevels,sincethathormoneiscorrelatedwithsocialdominanceinmanyspecies.

Economistsoftenrefertothissortofbehaviorasirrational.Infact,itisnot.Itissimply,asitwere,differentlyrational.Thethingsthatmoneycanbuyaremerelymeanstoanend—socialstatus—thatbringsdesirablereproductiveopportunities.Ifanotherroutebringsthatstatusmoredirectly,moneyisirrelevant.

1.Accordingtothepassage,psychologistsaredifferentfromeconomistsinthat______.

2.Inthethirdparagraph,thesentence“Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.”meansthat______.

3.TheresultofDr.Burnham’sstudyintheone-roundgameplayersshowsthat______.

4.ThepointDr.Burnhamhasconcludedfromhisstudyisthat______.

5.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofthebehaviorofrejectingalowoffermentionedinthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theythinkanyfinancialgainisworthlessifitcouldnotguaranteetheultimatumgame

B.theyunderstandhoweconomistsarewrongbyprovingtrivialfinancialgaincouldbeignored

C.theybelievethatitisnecessarytorejectsometrivialgainstogetbiggerones

D.theyhaveknownforalongtimethatfromtheperspectiveofpsychology,financialgainsarenotworthpursuing

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.takinganuncompromisingattitudeatthebeginningwilllosemoreinthefutureroundsofthegame

B.peoplewhoarenotsocalculatingatthebeginningwillgetgoodreturnsintheend

C.peoplewhoareselflesswillgetmoreintheend

D.takingatoughlineatthebeginningwillpaymorecostinthefuturegame

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.menwithhightestosteronelevelsareusuallymoremotivatedtorejectbythelowoffer

B.thefacttestosteroneiscloselyconnectedwithsocialdominanceprovespeoplecouldhardlyseearivalgoahead

C.menwithhightestosteronearemorelikelytorejectthetenetsofclassicaleconomics

D.menwithhightestosteronepaymoreattentiontotherelativegains

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.moneyisirrelevantwhenpeopleseekforreproductiveopportunities

B.peopleprefernon-financialwaystofulfilltheirpurposeofgainingsocialstatus

C.whatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity

D.thedefinitionofrationalityisdifferentbetweenthefieldsofeconomicsandpsychology

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thiskindofbehaviorisirrationalasmatteroffact.

B.Thiskindofbehaviorpaysmoreattentiontothesocialstatusratherthanmoney.

C.Thiskindofbehaviorcouldbringdesirablereproductiveopportunities.

D.Thiskindofbehaviorisrationalfromalongview.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第二、三句Mosteconomists—atleast,thoseoftheclassicalpersuasion—believethatanyfinancialgain,howeversmall,isworthhaving.Butpsychologistsknowthisisnottrue.（大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家——至少是那些持傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家——相信任何經(jīng)濟(jì)收益，無(wú)論多么小，都值得擁有。但心理學(xué)家知道這不是真的。），說(shuō)明心理學(xué)家和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的分歧在于心理學(xué)家看到的是最終的結(jié)果，而經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家注重的是切實(shí)的利潤(rùn)，心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為并不是所有的小利益都要去追求，可以舍小取大。因此C選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為有必要拒絕一些小收益以獲得更大的收益”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為任何經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn)如果不能保證最后獲勝就是沒(méi)有用的”，原文沒(méi)有說(shuō)不能保證最后獲勝的經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn)是沒(méi)用的，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)證明小的經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn)可以被忽略，他們認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們是錯(cuò)誤的”，小的經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn)可以被忽略這一點(diǎn)沒(méi)有被證明，所以B錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“他們知道長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)，從心理學(xué)的角度來(lái)看，經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn)是不值得去追求的”，由原文可知，不值得追求的是小收益，而不是經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn)，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第二、三句Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.Rejectingastingyofferinaone-offgameisthusjustasinglemoveinalargerstrategy.（在這種情況下，在一開始采取如果是自我犧牲的強(qiáng)硬的路線會(huì)在未來(lái)的游戲中獲得好處。因此，在一次性游戲中，拒絕吝嗇的報(bào)價(jià)只是大戰(zhàn)略中的一步棋。），說(shuō)明如果拒絕吝嗇的出價(jià)會(huì)是更大策略中的一步，也就是說(shuō)一開始不要貪得所有的大小利益，而是要有長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的眼光，這樣才能取得更大的收益。因此D選項(xiàng)“一開始就采取強(qiáng)硬態(tài)度的人在未來(lái)的游戲中會(huì)付出更多的代價(jià)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“從一開始就采取強(qiáng)硬的態(tài)度會(huì)在未來(lái)幾輪的游戲中失去得更多”，B選項(xiàng)“那些從一開始就不是很計(jì)較的人最后可以獲得好的收益”，C選項(xiàng)“無(wú)私的人最終會(huì)得到更多”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段第一句AshedescribesintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety,theresponderswhorejectedalowfinalofferhadanaveragetestosteronelevelmorethan50%higherthantheaverageofthosewhoaccepted.（正如他在《英國(guó)皇家學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)報(bào)》上所描述的那樣，拒絕較低最終報(bào)價(jià)的應(yīng)答者的睪丸激素水平比接受報(bào)價(jià)的應(yīng)答者的平均水平高出50%以上。），說(shuō)明睪丸激素水平較高的人更注重相對(duì)利潤(rùn)而不是眼前的利益。因此D選項(xiàng)“睪丸激素水平高的人更關(guān)注相對(duì)收益”正確。A選項(xiàng)“睪丸激素高的人更加有拒絕低報(bào)酬的動(dòng)機(jī)”，B選項(xiàng)“睪丸激素和社會(huì)優(yōu)勢(shì)有著密切的聯(lián)系，這一事實(shí)證明了人們很難看到對(duì)手領(lǐng)先”，C選項(xiàng)“有較高睪丸激素的人更趨向于拒絕傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)法則”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第六段第一、二句WhatDr.Burnham’sresultsupportsisamuchdeeperrejectionofthetenetsofclassicaleconomicsthanonebasedonaslightmis-evolutionofnegotiatingskills.Itbackstheideathatwhatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity.（伯納姆博士的結(jié)果所支持的，是對(duì)古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理的更深程度的拒絕，而不是基于談判技巧的輕微錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)化。它支持了人們真正追求的是相對(duì)繁榮而不是絕對(duì)繁榮的觀點(diǎn)。），說(shuō)明伯納姆博士最終支持的結(jié)論是更深的對(duì)傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)原則的拒絕，人們真正追求的是相對(duì)的財(cái)富而不是絕對(duì)的財(cái)富。因此C選項(xiàng)“人們真正追求的是相對(duì)繁榮而不是絕對(duì)繁榮”正確。A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)人們尋求再生機(jī)會(huì)時(shí)，金錢就是無(wú)關(guān)緊要的了”，B選項(xiàng)“人們更傾向于用非金錢的方式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)他們?nèi)〉蒙鐣?huì)地位的目標(biāo)”，原文說(shuō)的是如果另外一條路可以更為直接地導(dǎo)致這種情形，金錢就是不相關(guān)的，所以A,B錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和心理學(xué)對(duì)于理性的定義是不一樣的”，原文沒(méi)有明確指出理性的定義在兩個(gè)學(xué)科中是完全不同的，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

5.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段Economistsoftenrefertothissortofbehaviorasirrational.Infact,itisnot.Itissimply,asitwere,differentlyrational.Thethingsthatmoneycanbuyaremerelymeanstoanend—socialstatus—thatbringsdesirablereproductiveopportunities.Ifanotherroutebringsthatstatusmoredirectly,moneyisirrelevant.（經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家經(jīng)常認(rèn)為這種行動(dòng)是不理智的。實(shí)際上這是理智的，只是不同的理智而已。金錢可以買到的只是達(dá)到某個(gè)目的的方法而已，如社會(huì)地位，達(dá)到目的便給人們帶來(lái)他們想要的不斷再生的機(jī)會(huì)。如果有另外一條路可以更為直接地達(dá)到目的，金錢就是不相關(guān)的。），說(shuō)明經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為這種行為是不理智的，而實(shí)際上是一種理智的行為，心理學(xué)家從更高更深的層面來(lái)看，金錢只是達(dá)到目的的一種手段，而為了達(dá)到一定的目的拒絕眼前小的利益是理智的行為。因此D選項(xiàng)“從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，這種行為是理性的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“這種行為在事實(shí)上是不理性的”，B選項(xiàng)“這種行為更注重社會(huì)地位而不是金錢”，C選項(xiàng)“這種行為可以帶來(lái)期望的再產(chǎn)出機(jī)會(huì)”均不符合題意，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

11.單選題

Oneofthepeculiaritiesofthebazaaristhatpeopledealinginthesamekindofgoodscollectinthesamearea.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.advantages

B.shortcomings

C.disparities

D.characteristics

【答案】D

【解析】peculiarities意為特征，特質(zhì)。advantages優(yōu)點(diǎn)，有利條件；shortcomings缺點(diǎn)，短處；disparities不一致；characteristics特性，特征。選項(xiàng)D與之意思相近。

12.單選題

Thekneeisthejoint（

）thethighbonemeetsthelargeboneofthelowerleg.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.where

C.why

D.which

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞thejoint是從句的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)，表示連接的地方。句意：膝蓋是大腿骨和小腿脛的連接處。

13.單選題

Itisbadmannersto（）peoplewheretheyarespeaking.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.interview

B.intimate

C.interfere

D.interrupt

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Interview“采訪；面試”；intimate“暗示，通知”；interfere“干涉，打擾”；interrupt“打斷，中斷，打擾”。句意：打斷他人說(shuō)話是不禮貌的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

14.單選題

[A]Atitsmostbasic,corporatecultureisdescribedasthepersonalityofanorganization,orsimplyas“howthingsaredonearoundhere”.Itguides[B]whatemployeesthink,act,andfeel.Itisawideterm[C]usedtodefinetheuniquepersonalityorcharacterofaparticularcompanyororganization,[D]andincludessuchelementsascorevaluesandbeliefs,corporateethics,andrulesofbehavior.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Atitsmostbasic

B.what

C.usedtodefine

D.andincludes

【答案】B

【解析】考查關(guān)系詞。B選項(xiàng)后面的句子主語(yǔ)是employees，謂語(yǔ)think，act，feel都是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能接賓語(yǔ)，因此應(yīng)將what改為how。

15.單選題

ThestudentscanhardlyspeaksimpleEnglish，（）writearticlesinthatlanguage.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.muchlesstheycan

B.muchlesstheydo

C.muchlesscanthey

D.muchlessdothey

【答案】C

【解析】考查部分倒裝。當(dāng)notonly,nosooner,notonly...（butalso）,hardly，innoway，little,less,scarcely,seldom,never等具有否定意義的詞或詞組位于句首吋，句子用部分倒裝。故先排除AB兩項(xiàng)；再由前句說(shuō)到“學(xué)生沒(méi)有說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)單英語(yǔ)的能力”，可知后半句也要用can。故C項(xiàng)正確。句意：這些學(xué)生幾乎不會(huì)說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)單英語(yǔ)，更不用說(shuō)用這種語(yǔ)言寫文章了。

16.單選題

Theworld’sgovernmentshavedone（）nothingtocombatthethreatofnuclearaccidents.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.plausibly

B.perceptively

C.operationally

D.intrinsically

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。plausibly“看似的”；perceptively“有洞察力的”；operationally“操作上”；intrinsically“本質(zhì)的，內(nèi)在的”。本句意為“世界各國(guó)政府在應(yīng)對(duì)核事故威脅方面沒(méi)有采取任何行動(dòng)”，各國(guó)政府操作著國(guó)家的行動(dòng)，C選項(xiàng)符合題意，因此選C。

17.單選題

Mygrandpagavemeawatch,whichismadeofgold,（）Ikeeptothisday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.andthus

B.and

C.so

D.andwhich

【答案】D

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。題目中有兩個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，第一個(gè)由which引導(dǎo)，先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)，第二個(gè)也需用關(guān)系代詞which，先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做賓語(yǔ)，所以也不能省略，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

18.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Ifyouwerelikemostchildren,youprobablygotupsetwhenyourmothercalledyoubyasibling’s(兄弟姐妹的)name.Howcouldshenotknowyou?Diditmeanshelovedyouless?

Probablynot.Accordingtothefirstresearchtotacklethistopichead-on,misnamingthemostfamiliarpeopleinourlifeisacommoncognitive(認(rèn)知的)errorthathastodowithhowourmemoriesclassifyandstorefamiliarnames.

Thestudy,publishedonlineinAprilinthejournalMemoryandCognition,foundthatthe“wrong”nameisnotrandombutisinvariablyfishedoutfromthesamerelationshippond:children,siblings,friends.Thestudydidnotexaminethepossibilityofdeeppsychologicalsignificancetothemistake,sayspsychologistDavidRubin,“butitdoestelluswho’sinandwho’soutofthegroup.”

Thestudyalsofoundthatwithinthatgroup,misnamingsoccurredwherethenamessharedinitialorinternalsounds,likeJimmyandJoanieorJohnandBob.Physicalresemblancebetweenpeoplewasnotafactor.Norwasgender.

Theresearchersconductedfiveseparatesurveysofmorethan1,700people.Someofthesurveysincludedonlycollegestudents;othersweredonewithamixed-agepopulation.Someaskedsubjectsaboutincidentswheresomeoneclosetothem—familyorfriend—hadcalledthembyanotherperson’sname.Theothersurveysaskedabouttimeswhensubjectshadthemselvescalledsomeoneclosetothembythewrongname.Allthesurveysfoundthatpeoplemixedupnameswithinrelationshipgroupssuchasgrandchildren,friendsandsiblingsbuthardlyevercrossedtheseboundaries.

Ingeneral,thestudyfoundthatundergraduateswerealmostaslikelyasoldpeopletomakethismistakeandmenaslikelyaswomen.Olderpeopleandwomenmadethemistakeslightlymoreoften,butthatmaybebecausegrandparentshavemoregrandchildrentomixupthanparentshavechildren.Also,mothersmaycallontheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers,giventraditionalgendernorms.Therewasnoevidencethaterrorsoccurredmorewhenthemisnamerwasfrustrated,tiredorangry.

1.Howmightpeopleoftenfeelwhentheyweremisnamed?

2.WhatdidDavidRubin’sresearchfindaboutmisnaming?

3.Whatismostlikelythecauseofmisnaming?

4.Whatdidthesurveysofmorethan1,700subjectsfindaboutmisnaming?

5.Whydomothersmisnametheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Unwanted.

B.Unhappy.

C.Confused.

D.Indifferent.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itisrelatedtothewayourmemorieswork.

B.Itisapossibleindicatorofafaultymemory.

C.Itoccursmostlybetweenkidsandtheirfriends.

D.Itoftencausesmisunderstandingsamongpeople.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Similarpersonalitytraits.

B.Similarspellingsofnames.

C.Similarphysicalappearance.

D.Similarpronunciationofnames.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itmoreoftenthannothurtsrelationships.

B.Ithardlyoccursacrossgenderboundaries.

C.Itismostfrequentlyfoundinextendedfamilies.

D.Itmostoftenoccurswithinarelationshipgroup.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theysuffermorefrustrations.

B.Theybecomewornoutmoreoften.

C.Theycommunicatemorewiththeirchildren.

D.Theygenerallytakeonmoreworkathome.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“當(dāng)人們的名字被叫錯(cuò)時(shí)，他們會(huì)有什么感覺(jué)？”。根據(jù)第一段第一句Ifyouwerelikemostchildren,youprobablygotupsetwhenyourmothercalledyoubyasibling’sname.（如果你和大多數(shù)孩子一樣，當(dāng)你的母親用兄弟姐妹的名字叫你時(shí)，你可能會(huì)感到沮喪）可知，當(dāng)人們的名字被叫錯(cuò)時(shí)，他們會(huì)感到沮喪；所以B項(xiàng)“不開心”正確。A項(xiàng)“不受歡迎的”、C項(xiàng)“困惑”和D項(xiàng)“冷漠”都不準(zhǔn)確。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“關(guān)于誤稱，大衛(wèi)魯賓的研究有何發(fā)現(xiàn)？”。根據(jù)第三段Thestudy,publishedonlineinAprilinthejournalMemoryandCognition,foundthatthe“wrong”nameisnotrandombutisinvariablyfishedoutfromthesamerelationshippond:children,siblings,friends.（這項(xiàng)4月份在線發(fā)表在《記憶與認(rèn)知》雜志上的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，“錯(cuò)誤”的名字并非隨機(jī)產(chǎn)生的，而是來(lái)自于同一個(gè)關(guān)系池：孩子、兄弟姐妹、朋友）可知，叫錯(cuò)名字通常發(fā)生在姊妹和朋友之間，所以C項(xiàng)“它主要發(fā)生在孩子和他們的朋友之間”正確。A項(xiàng)“這與我們的記憶工作方式有關(guān)”這不屬于大衛(wèi)魯賓的研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)；B項(xiàng)“它可能是一個(gè)內(nèi)存故障的指示器”沒(méi)有提到；D項(xiàng)“它經(jīng)常引起人們之間的誤解”這不是研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“最可能導(dǎo)致誤稱的原因是什么？”。根據(jù)第四段Thestudyalsofoundthatwithinthatgroup,misnamingsoccurredwherethenamessharedinitialorinternalsounds,likeJimmyandJoanieorJohnandBob.Physicalresemblancebetweenpeoplewasnotafactor.Norwasgender.（研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，在這組人中，如果名字的首字母或內(nèi)部發(fā)音相同，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)誤稱，比如吉米和瓊妮或約翰和鮑勃；人與人之間的外貌相似不是一個(gè)因素，性別也不是）可知D項(xiàng)“名字發(fā)音相似”正確；C項(xiàng)“相似的外貌”錯(cuò)誤；A項(xiàng)“相似的性格特征”文中沒(méi)有提到；B項(xiàng)“名字的相似拼寫”，文中只是提到相同的首字母，不代表名字相似。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“對(duì)1700多名受試者的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么？”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第五段，最后一句指出Allthesurveysfoundthatpeoplemixedupnameswithinrelationshipgroupssuchasgrandchildren,friendsandsiblingsbuthardlyevercrossedtheseboundaries.（所有的調(diào)查都發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們混淆了關(guān)系群體中的名字，比如孫輩、朋友和兄弟姐妹，但很少跨越這些界限），可知這個(gè)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)人們會(huì)出現(xiàn)誤稱大多都是混淆了關(guān)系群體中的名字，所以D項(xiàng)“它最經(jīng)常發(fā)生在一個(gè)關(guān)系組”正確。A項(xiàng)“它往往會(huì)傷害人際關(guān)系”，表述與原文完全不符；B項(xiàng)“它幾乎不會(huì)跨越性別界限”，文章提到的是很少跨越關(guān)系群體這個(gè)界限，B項(xiàng)表述不準(zhǔn)確；C項(xiàng)“它在大家庭中最常見”，表述比較片面，關(guān)系群體包括孫輩、朋友和兄弟姐妹等。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“為什么母親比父親更經(jīng)常給孩子叫錯(cuò)名字？”。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句Also,mothersmaycallontheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers,giventraditionalgendernorms.（此外，由于傳統(tǒng)的性別規(guī)范，母親可能比父親更經(jīng)常與孩子交流）可知，C項(xiàng)“與孩子交流更多”正確。最后一句提到Therewasnoevidencethaterrorsoccurredmorewhenthemisnamerwasfrustrated,tiredorangry.（沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明，誤稱者在沮喪、疲憊或生氣時(shí)更容易出錯(cuò)）可知，誤稱名字和沮喪、疲憊或生氣沒(méi)什么關(guān)系，所以A項(xiàng)“她們?cè)馐芨嗟拇煺邸?、B項(xiàng)“她們更容易疲憊”和D項(xiàng)“她們通常在家里承擔(dān)更多的工作”均不符合題意。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Youngdriversunder25have

thehighestnumberofaccidentswhilethoseover50have（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theless

B.theleast

C.thefewer

D.thefewest

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)前面的thehighestnumber可知填空處也應(yīng)該填入最高級(jí),

首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C。填空處選項(xiàng)實(shí)際上省略了number這個(gè)詞,

如果是few的話,

后面應(yīng)該是接numbers,

所以選項(xiàng)B正確。句意：25歲以下的年輕司機(jī)出事幾率最高,而50歲以上的老司機(jī)出事幾率則最低。

20.單選題

ProfessorHawkingis（）asoneoftheworld’sgreatestlivingphysicists.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dignified

B.clarified

C.acknowledged

D.illustrated

【答案】C

【解析】dignify使高貴，授予榮譽(yù)；clarify澄清，闡明；acknowledge承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可；illustrate闡明，舉例。句意：霍金教授被公認(rèn)是當(dāng)今世界上最偉大的物理學(xué)家之一。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

21.單選題

Theirrefusaltocompromiseisamajor（）thatstandsinthewayoffurtherpeacetalks.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obstacle

B.complication

C.entity

D.hazard

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)obstacle“障礙”；B選項(xiàng)complication“并發(fā)癥，復(fù)雜”；C選項(xiàng)entity“實(shí)體，存在”；D選項(xiàng)hazard“危險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”。句意：他們拒絕妥協(xié)是進(jìn)一步和談的主要（）。既然他們拒絕妥協(xié)，那么應(yīng)該就是進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的“障礙”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

22.單選題

Modernprintingequipmentquicklyturnsoutduplicatecopiesoftextualandpictorialmatter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.identical

B.double

C.illustrated

D.legible

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。duplicate表示“復(fù)制的”。A項(xiàng)identical“同一的，完全相同的”，B項(xiàng)double“雙倍的”，C項(xiàng)illustrated“有插圖的”，D項(xiàng)legible“清晰的，易辨認(rèn)的”。句意：現(xiàn)代印刷設(shè)備能迅速生產(chǎn)出文字和圖片的復(fù)制品。根據(jù)句意，該題選A正確。

23.單選題

Hethinksaboutnothingbutplayingchess.He’scompletely______toit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.addicted

B.ascribed

C.tempted

D.overcome

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.addicted沉溺于，入迷，上癮B.ascribed歸于，歸咎于

C.tempted引誘，吸引D.overcome戰(zhàn)勝，克服

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵信息“Hethinksaboutnothingbutplayingchess（他只想著下棋）”可知，他對(duì)下棋入了迷，除了這件事無(wú)心去做其他。因此，只有A選項(xiàng)詞義最符合句意。且固定搭配“beaddictedto”表示“對(duì)……上癮，沉溺于”。故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)beascribedto（歸結(jié)于）、C項(xiàng)betemptedto（受誘惑做某事）和D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】他只想著下棋。他完全上癮了。

24.單選題

commutationviathetelegraphbeganinthe1840s,justbeforetheCivilWar,andviathetelephonejustafterward(1870s).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Instantaneous

B.Spontaneous

C.Simultaneous

D.Instinctive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。instantaneous“瞬間的”；spontaneous“自發(fā)的”；simultaneous“同時(shí)的”；instinctive“本能的”。句意：通過(guò)電報(bào)進(jìn)行的同時(shí)通訊始于內(nèi)戰(zhàn)前的19世紀(jì)40年代，后來(lái)（19世紀(jì)70年代）很快開始通過(guò)電話進(jìn)行同時(shí)通訊。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

25.單選題

Hisguesswas______ofthemark.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.distant

B.far

C.broad

D.wide

【答案】D

【解析】8.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)distant“遙遠(yuǎn)的；不同的”；B選項(xiàng)far“遠(yuǎn)方的”；C選項(xiàng)broad“寬的；廣泛的”；D選項(xiàng)wide“寬闊的；寬度為……的”。D選項(xiàng)bewideofthemark“離題萬(wàn)里，文不對(duì)題”，其余選項(xiàng)非固定搭配，用法錯(cuò)誤。句意：他猜得太離譜了。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

26.單選題

Anunidentifiedwitoncesaid,“l(fā)augh,andtheworldlaughswithyou.Snore,andyousleepalone.”Yetsnoringisfarfromalaughingmatter,asthoseunfortunateswithgoodhearing,whoarerightlysubjectedtothesoundsofthesnoringdisorder,willtestify.

IthasbeenestimatedthatoneofeightAmericanssnores:thismeansthatthereareapproximately21millionpeople—womenaswellasmen—whorenderanunpleasantsoundwhentheyareasleep.Andassumingthateachsnorerdisturbsthesleepofatleastoneotherperson,itnecessarilyfollowsthatthereare21millionunhappylisteners.Whileasleepingpersonbreathes,eitherinorout,severalstructuresinhisnoseandthroatgeneratethesnoring.The