考研考博-英語-四川文理學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川文理學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

____beinguseful,glassisalsoornamental.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Besides

B.Aside

C.Though

D.Because

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Besides除了……之外B.Aside（用于名詞之后）除……以外

C.Though盡管D.Because因?yàn)?/p>

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】句間邏輯與近義詞辨析

【解題思路】原句語義為“____有用的，玻璃也（also）具有裝飾性?！庇伞耙玻╝lso）”可知，本句提到了玻璃的兩個(gè)特性：有用性和裝飾性，前后兩個(gè)分句之間是并列關(guān)系；另外，空格處所填詞位于句首，A選項(xiàng)Besides“除了……之外”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)Aside“除……以外”，語義雖然符合，但是使用位置不符；該詞用于名詞之后，（例如：Moneyworriesaside,thingsaregoingwell.除了資金令人發(fā)愁外，事情進(jìn)展順利。）；

C選項(xiàng)Though“盡管”，表轉(zhuǎn)折，不符合原句語義邏輯；

D選項(xiàng)Because“因?yàn)椤保碓?，不符合原句語義邏輯。

【句意】除了實(shí)用之外，玻璃也具有裝飾性。

2.單選題

Publicspeakingfillsmostpeoplewithdread.Humiliationisthegreatestfear;self-exposureandfailingtoappealtotheaudiencecomeaclosesecond.Womenhateitmost,sincegirlsarepressurizedfromanearlyagetobeconcernedwithappearancesofallkinds.

Mostpeoplehaveplentyofinsecurities,andthisseemslikeasituationthatwillbringthemout.Ifyouwereunderpressuretobeperfect,youareterrifiedoffallinginthemostpublicofways.

Whileextrovertswillfeellessfearbeforetheordeal,itdoesnotmeantheywillnecessarilydoitbetter.Someveryshypeoplemanagetoshine.WhenImettheBritishcomedianJulianClary,hewasshyandcautious,yethisTVperformancesareperfect.

Infact,personalityisnotthebestpredictorofwhodoesitwell.Regardlessofwhatyouarelikeinreallife,thekeyseemstobetoactyourself.Actualacting,asinperformingthescriptedlinesofacharacterotherthanyourself,doesnotdothejob.Whilepoliticiansmaylimitdamagebyhavingcarefullyrehearsed,writtenscriptstospeakfrom,thereisalwaysahiddenawarenessamongtheaudiencethatthewordsmightnotbetrue.

Likewise,theincrediblyperfectspeechesofmanyAmericanacademicsarefarfromnatural.Youmayendupbuyingtheirbookonthewayout,butsoonafterwards,itismuchlikefastfood,andyougetanamelesssensethatyou’vebeencheated.

Although,asEarlSpencerprovedathissisterPrincessDiana’sfuneral,itispossiblebothtoprepareeverywordandtoactnaturally.Ascriptrarelyworksanditisusedtohelpmostspeakers.

But,beingyourselfdoesn’tworkeither.Ifyouspokeasifyouwereinyourownkitchen,itwouldbetooauthentic,toounawareoftheneedtocommunicatewithanaudience.

IremembergoingtoseeBritishpsychiatristR.D.Laingspeakinpublic.Hebehavedlikeaseriouslyoddperson,talkingoffthetopofhishead.Althoughhewastalkingaboutmadnessandhewroteonmentalillness,heseemedtobeexhibitingratherthanexplainingit.

Thebestpsychologicalplacefromwhichtospeakisanunselfconsciousself-consciousness,providingtheillusionofbeingnatural.Studiessuggestthatthisstateof“flow”，aspsychologistscallit,isverysatisfying.

1.“This”inParagraphTworefersto（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheauthor’sviewpoint?

3.Whatistheauthor’sviewonpersonality?

4.TheauthorimpliesthatwhilespeakingR.D.Laing（）.

5.Inthelastparagraphtheauthorrecommendsthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insecurity

B.senseoffailure

C.publicspeaking

D.pressure

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Actinglikeperformersspoilsthemessageinaspeech.

B.Perfectionofscriptsisnecessaryinmakinggoodimpressions.

C.Actingnaturallymeanslessdependenceonthepreparedscript.

D.Thereshouldbeabalancebetweenactualactingandactingnaturally.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Personalityisthekeytosuccessinpublicspeaking.

B.Extrovertsarebetterpublicspeakers.

C.Introvertshavetolearnhardertobegoodspeakers.

D.Factorsotherthanpersonalityensurebetterperformance.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.wasbothtoocasualandauthentic

B.wasactinglikeaperformer

C.waskeepingagoodbalance

D.wasawareofhisaudience

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.youforgetaboutyournervousness

B.youfeelnaturalandspeaknaturally

C.youmayfeelnervous,butappearnaturally

D.youmayimagineyourselftobenatural

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干：文章第二段的“this”指的是___________。第一段說到演講使很多人望而卻步。首先是因?yàn)楹π?，其次是害怕在眾人面前露面而且?dān)心不能吸引聽眾。女人尤其討厭演講，因?yàn)榕⒆訌男【透惺艿礁鞣N公開露面的壓力。然后定位到文章第二段Mostpeoplehaveplentyofinsecurities,andthisseemslikeasituationthatwillbringthemout.（很多人都有較強(qiáng)的不安全感，這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)似乎可以引發(fā)人們的不安全感。），根據(jù)上下文可知，指示代詞this指代本篇主題：公開演講。所以本題的正確選項(xiàng)是C“公開演講”。

2.推理判斷題。題干：以下哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)不是作者的觀點(diǎn)________。第四段第三句話Actualacting,asinperformingthescriptedlinesofacharacterotherthanyourself,doesnotdothejob.像真正的演員那樣表演，就像是在念別人的臺(tái)詞而不是你自己的臺(tái)詞一樣，往往是行不通的。對(duì)應(yīng)A選項(xiàng)“表演得像演員一樣會(huì)破壞演講中的信息”的內(nèi)容。第五段第一句話Likewise,theincrediblyperfectspeechesofmanyAmericanacademicsarefarfromnatural.Youmayendupbuyingtheirbookonthewayout,butsoonafterwards,itismuchlikefastfood,andyougetanamelesssensethatyou’vebeencheated.（同樣地，許多美國(guó)學(xué)者的完美地不可思議的演講都極不自然。你可能會(huì)在聽完演講后買他們的書，但是很快，你會(huì)有一種莫名的上當(dāng)受騙的感覺，就像吃完快餐食品后的感覺一樣。聽完許多完美地不可思議的演講后往往會(huì)有一種莫名的上當(dāng)受騙的感覺。），說明太完美的內(nèi)容讓演講不自然，和B選項(xiàng)“為了給人留下好印象，完美的劇本是必要的”表達(dá)的意思不符合，所以本題應(yīng)該選擇B選項(xiàng)。第六段的第二句話Ascriptrarelyworksanditisusedtohelpmostspeakers.（但是稿子很少能起作用，它只是大多數(shù)演講者的拐杖而已。）和C選項(xiàng)“自然的表演意味著少依賴準(zhǔn)備好的劇本”內(nèi)容對(duì)應(yīng)，綜合以上，可以推斷出即使是精心準(zhǔn)備的演講也不一定能夠博得聽眾的好感，所以D選項(xiàng)“在真實(shí)的表演和自然的表演之間應(yīng)該有一個(gè)平衡。”也是正確的。綜上所述，本題的正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

3.推理判斷題。題干：關(guān)于個(gè)性，哪一項(xiàng)是作者的觀點(diǎn)？通過第四段第一句話Infact,personalityisnotthebestpredictorofwhodoesitwell.（事實(shí)上，性格并不能最準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)測(cè)出一個(gè)人能否成功。），可推斷出A選項(xiàng)“性格是成功演講的關(guān)鍵”錯(cuò)誤。通過第三段第一句話Whileextrovertswillfeellessfearbeforetheordeal,itdoesnotmeantheywillnecessarilydoitbetter.Someveryshypeoplemanagetoshine.（性格外向的人在這種折磨下比性格內(nèi)向的人感受到的恐懼要小些，但這并不意味著他們一定會(huì)比性格內(nèi)向的人做得更好。有些很害羞的人也能成功得使自己脫穎而出。）可推斷出B選項(xiàng)“外向的人是更好的公眾演說家”錯(cuò)誤，和C選項(xiàng)“內(nèi)向的人要想成為優(yōu)秀的演講者必須更加努力學(xué)習(xí)”錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞personality定位到第四段：Infact，personalityisnotthebestpredictorofwhodoesitwell．Regardlessofwhatyouarelikeinreallife，thekeyseemstobetoactyourself．（人的性格并非做好演講的最好標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，關(guān)鍵在于其他因素。）。綜上所述，本題D選項(xiàng)“人格之外的因素保證了更好的表現(xiàn)”正確。

4.推理判斷題。題干：當(dāng)提起R.D.Laing時(shí)，作者暗示________。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞“R.D.Laing”定位到第八段Hebehavedlikeaseriouslyoddperson,talkingoffthetopofhishead.Althoughhewastalkingaboutmadnessandhewroteonmentalillness,heseemedtobeexhibitingratherthanexplainingit.（當(dāng)他即興發(fā)言的時(shí)候表現(xiàn)地好像個(gè)十足的怪人。盡管他那天談?wù)摰氖怯嘘P(guān)瘋狂的話題，而且他的文章寫的是精神病，他看起來就像是在表演而不是在進(jìn)行解釋。），因此R.D.Laing在演講時(shí)更多的是在表演，是在作秀，故B選項(xiàng)“表現(xiàn)得像個(gè)表演者”為正確答案。其他三項(xiàng)在文中均未提及，排除。

5.推理判斷題。題干：在最后一段，作者建議_________。定位到文章最后一段，Thebestpsychologicalplacefromwhichtospeakisanunselfconsciousself-consciousness,providingtheillusionofbeingnatural.（演講時(shí)的最佳心理狀態(tài)是無意識(shí)的自我意識(shí)，從而獲得表現(xiàn)自然的幻覺。），所以本題的正確答案是D選項(xiàng)“你可以想象自己是自然的”，A選項(xiàng)“你會(huì)忘記你的緊張”，文章并沒有暗示演講時(shí)會(huì)忘記你的緊張，所以A選項(xiàng)排除，B選項(xiàng)“你感覺自然，說話自然”，最后一段表達(dá)的意思是，心里狀態(tài)要自然，并沒有提及說話需不需要自然，所以B選項(xiàng)排除，C選項(xiàng)“你可能會(huì)感到緊張，但要表現(xiàn)得自然”文章表達(dá)的是要克服緊張的心里情緒，所以C選項(xiàng)也不正確，綜上所述，本題的正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

3.單選題

InGreatBritaintodaygoodmannersattableincludeeatingwiththemouthclosed;notlettinganyofthefoodfallofftheplate:usingtheknifeonlyforcutting;andnottryingtotakefoodacrossthetable.Inotherpartsoftheworldtherearealsorulesforpeopletofollowwhentheyareeating,buttheyarenotthesameasthoseofBritain.Indeed,whatareconsideredgoodtablemannersinsomeothercountriesarewhatBritishpeopletryhardesttoavoid.InArabia,forinstance,thepeopleatafeasttakepiecesoffoodwiththeirfingersandbelchloudlytoshowthattheyhaveappreciatedit.

ThericherandmoreeducatedpeopleintheEasthave,however,toagreatextenttakenupthetablemannersandcustomsofWesternpeople.Tablesandchairshavereplacedthecushionsofthepast,andtheladyofthehousepresidesatoneendofthetableinthesamewaythatWesternwomendo.ManyJapanese,however,stillfeelitwouldbewrongtoeatunlesstheyweresittingonacushionbeforealowtablewithatrayoffoodonit.InmanypartsoftheworldbothtraditionalandWesternstylesofeatingexistsidebyside.

IntheWesttherearedifferencesbetweentablemannersinvariouscountries,althoughtheyarenotsomarked.InNorthAmericaitispolitetocutupmeatandthenputtheknifedown,taketheforkintherighthandandeatwithit.MostEuropeanpeople,liketheBritish,keeptheforkinthelefthandandtheknifeintherightallthetimewhentheyareeatingfoodthathastobecut.IntheBritishIslesandScandinavia(Norway,Sweden,DenmarkandIceland)specialknivesandforksareusedforeatingfish.InFrance,BelgiumandItaly,however,itiscorrecttokeepthesame,knifeforeverycourse,wipingitonapieceofbread.

Drinkingcustomsattablealsovaryindifferentcountries.InEurope,water,wineorbeerisdrunkwithmeatsandcoffeeorteaistakenafterwards.InNorthAmericaabeveragesuchascoffee,teaormilkisdrunkwithmeals.

Tablemannersofcoursehavechangedwithtime.Theearliestmealswerealsothesimplest.Theywereeatensittingonthegroundroundafire,andeveryonetookhisfoodfromapotonthefireorcutbitsfromtheanimalorbirdthathadbeencooked.Thewomenwaitedonthewarriorsandafterwardsatewhattheyleft.

Fingerswereusedtocutfoodthroughoutthemiddleages.Foodwaseatenoffwoodendisheswiththenoblemensittingabovethesalt.Theordinarypeoplesatbelowthesalt.InthereignofHenryVII(1509?1547),peoplewerestilleatingwiththeirhandsaftercuttingthefoodwithaclaspknifewhichwasalwayscachedatthebelt.ForkswerenotusedinEnglanduntilthe17thcentury.

1.Whatconclusioncanyoudrawfromthepassage?

2.TheBritishpeople（）.

3.Howtouseaknifewhileeatingis（）.

4."Sittingabovethesalt"isthelastparagraphprobablymeans（）.

5.Fromthepassage,weknowthattablemanners（）.

6.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthatthewealthierandwell-educatedpeopleintheeast（）.

7.Inparagraph3,line1theword"they"refersto（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.SomeslightdifferencebetweentablemannersdonotexisttheWest.

B.ForkswerebedinEnglandbeforethe17thcentury.

C.Tablemannersandcustomsaredifferentfromcountrytocountry

D.SittingonacushionbeforeatableiscommonintheEast.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.considerbelchingloudlyanimpolitetablemanner

B.appreciatethetablemannersinmanyotherpartsoftheworld

C.usedforksmorethanthousandyearsago

D.takefoodfromthetable

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.astandardofgoodtablemanners

B.neverusedinNorthAmerica

C.differentamongWesterncountries

D.notaprobleminBritain

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.sittingonasaltcellar

B.sittingabovethesaltcellarwithlegsapart

C.beingthemostdistinguishedguest

D.saltusedtobeseatsinBritain

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.changeverylittlethroughtheages

B.changewithtime.

C.areactuallythesameamongthecountries

D.areextremelyimportant

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.paymoreattentiontotablemanners

B.strictlysticktotheirtraditionaltablemanners

C.adoptWesterntablemanners

D.havetheirowntablemanners

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.differences

B.tablemanners

C.variouscountries

D.Westernpeople

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:A

【解析】1.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要講的是各國(guó)之間不同的餐桌禮儀和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣,選項(xiàng)C最能概括全文。

2.根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知,在其他一些國(guó)家被認(rèn)為是好的餐桌禮儀卻是英國(guó)人竭力避免的,比如,在阿拉伯人們?cè)谘鐣?huì)上用手指拿起食物,并大聲打嗝,以示感謝。由此可知,英國(guó)人認(rèn)為大聲打嗝是一種不禮貌的餐桌禮儀,選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,不同的國(guó)家有不同的餐桌禮儀。接下來作者分別列舉了北美,英國(guó)以及歐洲其他國(guó)家使用刀叉的不同習(xí)俗,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.根據(jù)原文noblemen和ordinarypeople相對(duì)應(yīng),sittingabovethesalt和satbelowthesalt相對(duì)應(yīng),說明地位高的人和地位低的人被區(qū)別對(duì)待。sittingabovethesalt指坐上席,所有選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.根據(jù)第五段第一句“Tablemannersofcoursehavechangedwithtime.”餐桌禮儀隨著時(shí)間的推移而改變。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

6.根據(jù)第二段第一句“ThericherandmoreeducatedpeopleintheEasthave,however,toagreatextenttakenupthetablemannersandcustomsofWesternpeople.”可知,選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

7.根據(jù)原文句意：在西方,不同的國(guó)家有不同的餐桌禮儀,雖然沒有那么明顯。這里的“they”指代的是“differences”,說明差異不明顯,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.單選題

Aswepassedoverthedarkbridgeherwanfacefelllazilyagainstmycoat’sshoulder.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.charming

B.cheerful

C.pale

D.uneasy

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.charming令人著迷的，迷人的B.cheerful快樂的，高興的

C.pale灰白的，蒼白的D.uneasy擔(dān)心的，憂慮的

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】wan的意思為“蒼白無力的，無血色的”，這里形容她臉色蒼白，pale與之詞義相近，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】當(dāng)我們走過漆黑的橋時(shí)，她蒼白的臉懶洋洋地貼在我的外套上。

5.單選題

Myneighborsoneithersideofmehavepaintedtheirhouses,（

）ofcoursemakesmyhouselookshabbierthanitreallyis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.as

C.who

D.which

【答案】D

【解析】考查非限制性定語從句?？崭裉幩顔卧~指代前面句子的內(nèi)容，即我兩邊鄰居都給他們的房子刷了漆，也就是指這件事，故排除BC兩項(xiàng)。再由空格前的逗號(hào)可知，次從句為非限制性定從，故用which引導(dǎo)。句意：我兩邊的鄰居都給他們的房子刷了漆，這讓我的房子比實(shí)際上更顯得破舊。答案D

6.單選題

Playsareanimportantformofentertainmentinmostcountries.TwokindsofdramauniquetoJapanareNohandKabuki.Musicisusedinbothtypesofdrama.Originally,menperformedbothmen'sandwomen'spartsinNohandKabukiplays.Butthesimilaritiesendthere.

Kabukicostumesarefancy,bright,andheavy.Realgoldisusedonthem.Ontheotherhand,Nohcostumesarequitesimple.Kabukistagesarehuge.Thestagesetsareelaborate.Nohstagesareonly18feet(5.4meters)square.Theonlysceneryusedisbackgroundwallwithatreepaintedonit.AscenechangeswhentheNohactorschangetheirplaces.Theaudiencemustusealotofimaginations.

Nohplaysstartedinthefourteenthcenturytoentertaintheupperclass.Theformoftheplayhasnotchangedmuchsincethattime.AllpartsofaNohplaymustfollowacertainsetofrules.ToapersonunfamiliarwithNohdrama,aNohactormaylookasifheissleepwalking.Theactionoftheplayisslow.Everymovementiscontrolled.Certainactionsstandforcertainthings.Forexample,afewstepsforwardmeantheendofajourney.AnimportantpartofaNohplayisthechorusthatchantsmuchofthestory.

Kabukiplaysweredevelopedintheseventeenthcenturyforthecommonpeople.Theatrewasthemainamusementofthemerchantsofthattime.Kabukiplaysgiveaclearpictureofthosemerchants'tastesandideas.Thecolorfulcostumesreflecttheirgaymoods.Theheroesareoftenwarriorswhoperformdaringfeats.Theplayerswearthickmakeup.Theyexaggeratetheirmovementsandfacialexpressionstocommunicatefeeling.

MusicisveryimportanttoKabukiplays,Kabukiactorssing,dance,andspeaktheirlineswhilethemusicisplayedinthebackground.Themusicmaysoundstrangeatfirst,butitmakestheactiononthestagemoreexciting.Musiciansplayinstrumentssuchasflutes,drums,andgongs.Theyalsousethesamisen,athree-stringedinstrumentshapedsomewhatlikeabanjo.Anotherinstrumenthastwosmallblocksofwoodthatarebangedonthefloor.

1.WhatdoNohandKabukishareincommon?

2.WhichstatementistrueabouttheKabukiplays?

3.OneofthedifferencesbetweenNohandKabukiplaysisthat（

）.

4.Kabukiplayscaninformusabout

（

）.

5.WhatmusicalinstrumentsareusedinKabukiplays?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Musicisusedinbothtypesofdrama.

B.Womenperformedbothmen'sandwomen'spartsinthebeginning.

C.Bothmen'sandwomen'spartswereplayedbymalesintheearlierperiod.

D.BothAandC.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Costumesarefunny,lightandrough.

B.Stagesare18feetsquare.

C.Abackgroundwithatreepaintedonitistheonlyscenery.

D.Theperformersmustusealltheirimaginations.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Nohisslower

B.Nohissimpler

C.Nohismorecolorful

D.Nohismoreexciting

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.likesanddislikesofthe17thcenturycommonpeople

B.thetastesofthe17thcenturyJapanesemerchants

C.thelifestyleoftherulingclass

D.thecourageousdeedsofthesoldiers

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Flutes,gongsandtwoblocksofwood.

B.Drumsandsamisens.

C.Gongs,drumsandwoodenhammers.

D.AandB.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的三四句“Musicisusedinbothtypesofdrama.Originally,menperformedbothmen'sandwomen'spartsinNohandKabukiplays.”兩種戲劇都使用音樂。最初，男性在能劇和歌舞伎劇中同時(shí)扮演男性和女性角色。選項(xiàng)A和C均正確，所以本題選D。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Kabukicostumesarefancy,bright,andheavy.”可知選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)B和C都是描述能劇的，所以只有選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后三段的內(nèi)容可知，選項(xiàng)C和D是描述歌舞伎劇，首先排除；選項(xiàng)B在文中沒有提及；選項(xiàng)A符合原文，所以正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的第三句“Kabukiplaysgiveaclearpictureofthosemerchants'tastesandideas.”歌舞伎劇清楚地展現(xiàn)了這些商人的品味和思想。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后幾句“Musiciansplayinstrumentssuchasflutes,drums,andgongs.Theyalsousethesamisen,athree-stringedinstrumentshapedsomewhatlikeabanjo.Anotherinstrumenthastwosmallblocksofwoodthatarebangedonthefloor.”可知選項(xiàng)A和B都有提及，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

7.單選題

Mr.Smithbecamevery（）whenitwassuggestedthathehadmadeamistake.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ingenious

B.empirical

C.objective

D.indignant

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)史密斯先生被暗示犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，他變得非常（）。ingenious靈敏的，聰明的；empirical以事實(shí)為依據(jù)的；objective客觀的；indignant憤怒的。故選D。

8.單選題

Theenergy（）bythechainreactionistransformedintoheat.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transferred

B.released

C.conveyed

D.delivered

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。Transfer轉(zhuǎn)讓,轉(zhuǎn)移;release釋放;convey傳達(dá),運(yùn)輸;deliver遞送,釋放。句意:鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)的能量被轉(zhuǎn)化為熱量。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

Somepeoplethinkthata（

）translation,orword-for-wordtranslation,iseasierthanafreetranslation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.literal

B.literary

C.liberal

D.linear

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。literal“照原文的，逐字的”；literary“文學(xué)的”；liberal“自由的”；linear“直線的”。句意：一些人認(rèn)為直譯或者逐字的翻譯要比意譯簡(jiǎn)單。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

10.單選題

ThePartyalwaysinculcatesthedutyofloyaltyontheyoungpeople.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.precludesfrom

B.imbueswith

C.furnisheswith

D.resortsto

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.precludesfrom阻止，妨礙B.imbueswith灌輸強(qiáng)烈的情感或意見

C.furnisheswith供給，提供，給……裝飾D.resortsto依靠，求助于，訴諸

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵信息TheParty（黨）和thedutyofloyalty（忠誠(chéng)的義務(wù)）可推測(cè)，劃線單詞inculcate的意思是“灌輸，教導(dǎo)”。因此，B選項(xiàng)含義與劃線部分詞義最為接近，故本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)與劃線單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】黨總是諄諄教導(dǎo)青年人忠誠(chéng)的義務(wù)。

11.單選題

Canyouexplainthis（）oftenyearsinyourjobhistorywhichyouhavenotaccountedfor?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.interruption

B.gap

C.split

D.paring

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。interruption"中斷,干擾";gap"缺口,差距,間隔";split"劈裂,裂縫;paring"削皮"。選項(xiàng)中只有g(shù)ap可以表示時(shí)間的間隔。句意：你能解釋一下在你的工作經(jīng)歷中你沒有解釋的十年空白期嗎?選項(xiàng)B正確。

12.單選題

Experimentsusinganimalshaveplayedacrucialroleinthedevelopmentofmodemmedicaltreatments,andtheywillcontinuetobenecessaryasresearchersseekto______existingailmentsandrespondtotheemergenceofnewdisease.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alleviate

B.replicate

C.dwindle

D.exploit

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)alleviate“減輕，緩和”，B項(xiàng)replicate“復(fù)制，折疊”，C項(xiàng)dwindle“減少，變小”，D項(xiàng)exploit“開發(fā)，開拓，剝削”?？崭裉幪钊雱?dòng)詞，其賓語是existingailments“現(xiàn)有的疾病”，結(jié)合后面的句子respondtotheemergenceofnewdisease“應(yīng)對(duì)新疾病的出現(xiàn)”可知，alleviate符合語境。句意：動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)在現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)治療的發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了至關(guān)重要的作用，在研究人員尋求減輕現(xiàn)有疾病和應(yīng)對(duì)新疾病出現(xiàn)時(shí)，這些實(shí)驗(yàn)將繼續(xù)是必要的。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Somepessimisticexpertsfeelthattheautomobileisboundtofallintodisuse.Theyseeadayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenallautoswillbeabandonedandallowedtorust.Otherauthorities,however,thinktheautoisheretostay.Theyholdthatthecarwillremainaleadingmeansofurbantravelintheforeseeablefuture.

Themotorcarwillundoubtedlychangesignificantlyoverthenext30years.Itshouldbecomesmaller,safer,andmoreeconomical,andshouldnotbepoweredbythegasolineengine.Thecarofthefutureshouldbefarmorepollution-freethanpresenttypes.

Regardlessofitspowersource,theautointhefuturewillstillbethemainprobleminurbantrafficcongestion(擁擠).Oneproposedsolutiontothisproblemistheautomatedhighwaysystem.

Whentheautoentersthehighwaysystem,aretractable(可伸縮的)armwilldropfromtheautoandmakecontactwitharail,whichissimilartothosepoweringsubwaytrainselectrically.

Onceattachedtotherail,thecarwillbecomeelectricallypoweredfromthesystem,andcontrolofthevehiclewillpasstoacentralcomputer.Thecomputerwillthenmonitorallofthecar’smovements.

Thedriverwilluseatelephonetodialinstructionsabouthisdestinationintothesystem.Thecomputerwillcalculatethebestroute,andreservespaceforthecarallthewaytothecorrectexitfromthehighway.Thedriverwillthenbefreetorelaxandwaitforthebuzzer(蜂鳴器)thatwillwarnhimofhiscomingexit.Itisestimatedthatanautomatedhighwaywillbeabletohandle10,000vehiclesperhour,comparedwiththe1,500to2,000vehiclesthatcanbecarriedbyapresent-dayhighway.

1.Onesignificantimprovementinthefuturecarwillprobablybe____________.

2.Whatistheauthor’smainconcern?

3.Whatprovidesautoswithelectricpowerinanautomatedhighwaysystem?

4.Inanautomatedhighwaysystem,allthedriverneedstodois____________.

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthefutureofautos?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itspowersourceC.itsmonitoringsystem

B.C.itsmonitoringsystemB.

C.itsmonitoringsystemB.itsdrivingsystem

D.itsseatingcapacity

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Howtorenderautomobilespollution-free.

B.Howtomakesmallerandsaferautomobiles.

C.Howtosolvetheproblemoftrafficjams.

D.Howtodevelopanautomatedsubwaysystem.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.rail.

B.Anengine.

C.Aretractablearm.

D.Acomputercontroller.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.keepintherightlane

B.waittoarriveathisdestination

C.keepinconstanttouchwiththecomputercenter

D.informthesystemofhisdestinationbyphone

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Enthusiastic.

B.Pessimistic.

C.Optimistic.

D.Cautious.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Itshouldbecomesmaller,safer,andmoreeconomical,andshouldnotbepoweredbythegasolineengine.（它應(yīng)該變得更小、更安全、更經(jīng)濟(jì)，而且不應(yīng)該由汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)。），可知A選項(xiàng)“能量來源”正確。B選項(xiàng)“驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)”，C選項(xiàng)“監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)”和D選項(xiàng)“載客人數(shù)”文章沒有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.作者意圖題。根據(jù)第三段第一句theautointhefuturewillstillbethemainprobleminurbantrafficcongestion.（未來的汽車的主要問題仍在城市交通擁擠），可知作者最關(guān)心交通擁擠的問題，結(jié)合下文對(duì)如何解決這個(gè)問題展開設(shè)想，所以C選項(xiàng)“如何解決交通堵塞的問題”正確，A選項(xiàng)“如何使汽車無污染”和B選項(xiàng)“如何制造更小更安全的汽車”：這是未來汽車發(fā)展方向的其中一部分，不是作者最關(guān)心的，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“如何開發(fā)自動(dòng)化地鐵系統(tǒng)”：文章沒有提到開發(fā)地鐵系統(tǒng)，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Onceattachedtotherail,thecarwillbecomeelectricallypoweredfromthesystem,andcontrolofthevehiclewillpasstoacentralcomputer.（一旦連接到軌道上，汽車將由該系統(tǒng)提供電力，汽車的控制將通過中央計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行。），汽車接到鐵軌上以后就有了電力，所以A選項(xiàng)“鐵軌”正確，計(jì)算機(jī)控制器控制汽車，故D選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)控制器”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“可伸縮的機(jī)械臂”：根據(jù)第四段第一句aretractablearmwilldropfromtheautoandmakecontactwitharail（一個(gè)可伸縮的機(jī)械臂從自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)向下和鐵軌連接），可知機(jī)械臂不提供電力，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“引擎”：引擎不提供能量，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段第一句Thedriverwillthenbefreetorelaxandwaitforthebuzzerthatwillwarnhimofhiscomingexit.（然后司機(jī)就可以自由地放松，等待蜂鳴器提醒他到下一個(gè)出口。），可知司機(jī)需要聽從系統(tǒng)的提示，按照提示操作，所以D選項(xiàng)“用電話通知系統(tǒng)他的目的地”正確，B選項(xiàng)“等待到達(dá)他的目的地”錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“保持在右車道行駛”和C選項(xiàng)“與計(jì)算機(jī)中心保持聯(lián)系”：文章沒有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第一段第一句Somepessimisticexpertsfeelthattheautomobileisboundtofallintodisuse.（一些悲觀的專家認(rèn)為汽車注定會(huì)被淘汰。），結(jié)合作者下文提出未來汽車的發(fā)展方向，可知作者不贊同悲觀的觀點(diǎn)，根據(jù)第六段最后一句Itisestimatedthatanautomatedhighwaywillbeabletohandle10,000vehiclesperhour,comparedwiththe1,500to2,000vehiclesthatcanbecarriedbyapresent-dayhighway.（據(jù)估計(jì)，自動(dòng)化公路每小時(shí)將能夠處理1萬輛汽車，而現(xiàn)在的公路只能運(yùn)送1500到2000輛汽車。），在文章最后作者大膽預(yù)料未來汽車的情況，可知作者看好未來汽車的發(fā)展，所以C選項(xiàng)“樂觀”正確，B選項(xiàng)“悲觀”和D選項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎”錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“熱情”不明顯。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Everypresidentmust（）thepresidentialoathbeforehedeliverstheinauguraladdress.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.recite

B.swear

C.declare

D.claim

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。swearanoath“宣誓”是固定搭配，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

15.單選題

Theearningsofwomenarewellbelowthatofmen（

）educationaldifferencesthatarediminishingbetweenthetwosexes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.although

B.though

C.despiteof

D.inspiteof

【答案】D

【解析】考查連詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是表示轉(zhuǎn)折，其中although與though只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。沒有despiteof這種表達(dá)，所以只有選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

16.單選題

Heeyedmesilentlyforalongpause,asthoughweighingwhetherIcouldbetrustedtohisconfidence;thenspokeman-to-manthatworkingfortheCurtisCompanyplaced（）responsibilityonayoungman.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enormous

B.erroneous

C.eloquent

D.exterior

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)enormous“龐大的；巨大的”；B選項(xiàng)erroneous“錯(cuò)誤的；不正確的”；C選項(xiàng)eloquent“雄辯的；有說服力的”；D選項(xiàng)exterior“外部的；外面的”。句意：他默默地看了我許久，似乎在權(quán)衡我是否值得他信任，然后坦率地說，在柯蒂斯公司工作給了年輕人……責(zé)任。根據(jù)后面的名詞responsibility“責(zé)任”一般與表示大或者重的形容詞搭配使用，故A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.單選題

Computerequipmentcanbecome

veryquicklybecausenewtechnologyemergessofast.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.primitive

B.expired

C.ragged

D.obsolete

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。primitive“原始的”；expired“過期的，失效的”；ragged“粗糙的”；obsolete“淘汰的；廢棄的；過時(shí)的”。句意：由于新技術(shù)的迅速出現(xiàn)，計(jì)算機(jī)設(shè)備可能很快就會(huì)過時(shí)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

18.單選題

Wehadnowaytomeasuretheexactdistancewehadtraveled,butwethoughtitwas（）fivemiles.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.precisely

B.appropriately

C.apparently

D.approximately

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)precisely表示“精確地，恰恰”；B選項(xiàng)appropriately表示“恰當(dāng)?shù)兀线m地”；C選項(xiàng)apparently表示“顯然地，表面上”；D選項(xiàng)approximately表示“大約，近似地”。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵信息Wehadnowaytomeasuretheexactdistance可知，我們沒有辦法測(cè)量準(zhǔn)確距離。所以后文中的距離只能是大約值，因此本題正確答案為D項(xiàng)?！揪湟狻课覀儧]有辦法測(cè)量走過的準(zhǔn)確距離，但我們認(rèn)為大約是5英里。

19.單選題

Theboyslippedoutoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingpoolwithouthisparents’（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.command

B.conviction

C.consent

D.compromise

【答案】C

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知，這里指男孩未經(jīng)父母的允許，consent指同意，贊成，答應(yīng)；選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

20.單選題

Tourismhasalsobeengreatly______therapiddevelopmentofsomedevelopingnations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lainin

B.consistedin

C.responsiblefor

D.accountedfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)layin“儲(chǔ)備，儲(chǔ)存”；B選項(xiàng)consistin“在于，由……組成”；C選項(xiàng)responsiblefor“為……負(fù)責(zé)，是造成……的原因”；D選項(xiàng)accountfor“說明（原因、理由等）”，一般用于主動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：旅游業(yè)一直也是一些發(fā)展中國(guó)家的快速發(fā)展的主要原因。

21.單選題

Beforeabigexam,asoundnight’ssleepwilldoyoumoregoodthanporingovertextbooks.That,atleast,isthefolkwisdom.Andscience,intheformofbehavioralpsychology,supportsthatwisdom.Butsuchbehavioralstudiescannotdistinguishbetweentwocompetingtheoriesofwhysleepisgoodformemory.Onesaysthatsleepiswhenpermanentmemoriesform.Theothersaysthattheyareactuallyformedduringtheday,butthen“edited”atnight,toflushawaywhatissuperfluous.

Totellthedifference,itisnecessarytolookintothebrainofasleepingperson,andthatishard.Butafteradecadeofpainstakingwork,ateamledbyPierreMaquetatLiegeUniversityinBelgiumhasmanagedtodoit.TheparticularstageofsleepinwhichtheBelgiangroupisinterestedisrapideyemovement(REM)sleep,whenbrainandbodyareactive,heartrateandbloodpressureincrease,theeyesmovebackandforthbehindtheeyelidsasifwatchingamovie,andbrainwavetracesresemblethoseofwakefulness.Itisduringthisperiodofsleepthatpeoplearemostlikelytoreliveeventsofthepreviousdayindreams.

Dr.MaquetusedanelectronicdevicecalledPETtostudythebrainsofpeopleastheypracticedataskduringtheday,andastheysleptduringthefollowingnight.Thetaskrequiredthemtopressabuttonasfastaspossible,inresponsetoalightcomingoninoneofsixpositions.Astheylearnthowtodothis,theirresponsetimesgotfaster.Whattheydidnotknowwasthattheappearanceofthelightssometimesfollowedapattern—whatisreferredtoasan“artificialgrammar”.Yetthereductionsinresponsetimeshowedthattheylearntfasterwhenthepatternwaspresentthanwhentherewasnot.

Whatismore,thosewithmoretolearn(i.e.,the“grammar”,aswellasthemechanicaltaskofpushingthebutton)havemoreactivebrains.The“editing”theorywouldnotpredictthat,sincethenumberofirrelevantstimuliwouldbethesameineachcase.Andtoeliminateanyd