考研考博-英語-大連科技學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大連科技學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

（）oforganicfoods--atermwhosemeaningvariesgreatly--frequentlyproclaimthatsuchproductsaresaferandmorenutritiousthanothers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Captives

B.Addicts

C.Contestants

D.Advocates

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。captive“俘虜”；addict“吸毒成癮的人；入迷的人”；contestant“競爭者”；advocate“擁護(hù)者”。句意：有機(jī)食品這個術(shù)語的意義至今多樣，它的______宣稱這類食品比其他食品更加安全，更加有營養(yǎng)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.單選題

Playerswillbe_______againstfourothersworldwideinatimedcompetitiontoanswertriviaquestionsfromthe1950stopresentday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.trifled

B.wreathed

C.instigated

D.pitted

【答案】D

【解析】trifle浪費(fèi),虛度;wreathe環(huán)繞盤旋;instigate教唆,慫恿;pit使留疤痕,使競爭,pitagainst使與……對抗,使競爭。句意：玩家將在一場計(jì)時(shí)比賽中與來自世界各地的另外四名玩家進(jìn)行較量,回答從20世紀(jì)60年代至今的一些瑣碎問題。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

3.單選題

Sheknowssheneedsexercise,butfindsgoingtothegyma______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.job

B.toil

C.work

D.chore

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.job工作，職業(yè)B.toil苦工，勞累的工作

C.work工作D.chore日常事務(wù)，令人厭煩的任務(wù)

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)but可知，句子前后句意為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，按照句意“她知道自己需要鍛煉，但卻發(fā)現(xiàn)去健身房是件______”可知，去健身房鍛煉不是一件輕松的事情，所以該題選擇D項(xiàng)恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、C項(xiàng)都是指職業(yè)，不符合句意；

B項(xiàng)指報(bào)酬很低的苦活，去健身房鍛煉沒有工資，該項(xiàng)也不符合句意。

【句意】她知道自己需要鍛煉，但卻發(fā)現(xiàn)去健身房是件苦差事。

4.翻譯題

Humanbeings:inalltimesandplacesthinkabouttheirworldandwonderattheirplaceinit.Humansarethoughtfulandcreative,possessedofinsatiablecuriosity.41.Furthermore,humanshavetheabilitytomodifytheenvironmentinwhichtheylive,thussubjectingallotherlifeformstotheirownpeculiarideasandfancies.Therefore,itisimportanttostudyhumansinalltheirrichnessanddiversifyinacalmandsystematicmanner,withthehopethattheknowledgeresultingfromsuchstudiescanleadhumanstoamoreharmoniouswayoflivingwiththemselvesandwithallotherlifeformsonthisplanetEarth.

“Anthropology”derivesfromtheGreekwordsanthropos“human”andlogos“thestudyof.”Byitsveryname,Anthropologyencompassesthestudyofallhumankind,Anthropologyisoneofthesocialsciences.42.Socialscienceisthatbranchofintellectualenquirywhichseekstostudyhumansandtheirendeavorsinthesamereasoned,orderly,systematic,anddispassionedmannerthatnaturalscientistsuseforthestudyofnaturalphenomena.

Socialsciencedisciplinesincludegeography,economics,politicalscience,psychology,andsociology.Eachofthesesocialscienceshasasubfieldorspecializationwhichliesparticularlyclosetoanthropology.

Allthesocialsciencesfocusuponthestudyofhumanity.Anthropologyisafield-studyorienteddisciplinewhichmakesextensiveuseofthecomparativemethodinanalysis.43.Theemphasisondatagatheredfirst-hand,combinedwithacross-culturalperspectivebroughttotheanalysisofculturespastandpresent,makesthisstudyauniqueanddistinctlyimportantsocialscience.

Anthropologyanalysisrestsheavilyupontheconceptofculture.SirEdwardTylor’sformulationoftheconceptofculturewasoneofthegreatintellectualachievementsof19thcenturyscience.44.Tylordefinedcultureas“...thatcomplexwholewhichincludesbelief,art,morals,law,custom,andanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymanasamemberofsociety.”Soprofoundinitssimplicity,thisinsightopenedupanentirelynewwayofperceivingandunderstandinghumanlife.ImplicitwithinTylor’sdefinitionistheconceptthatcultureislearned,shared,andpatternedbehavior.

45.Thus,theAnthropologicalconceptof“culture”,liketheconceptof“set”inmathematics,isanabstractconceptwhichmakespossibleimmenseamountsofconcreteresearchandunderstanding.

【答案】41.另外，人類還有能力改善自己的生存環(huán)境，從而使所有其他形態(tài)的生命服從于人類自己獨(dú)特的想法和想象。

42.社會科學(xué)是知識探索的一個分支，它力圖尋求像自然科學(xué)家研究自然現(xiàn)象那樣，用理性、有序、系統(tǒng)和客觀的方式研究人類及其行為。

43.重視收集第一手資料，結(jié)合在分析古今的文化現(xiàn)象時(shí)采用跨文化視角，使這一研究成為一門獨(dú)一無二并且極為重要的社會科學(xué)。

44.泰勒把文化定義為“……一個復(fù)合整體，（它包括人作為社會成員所獲得的信仰、藝術(shù)、道德、法律、風(fēng)俗以及其他能力和習(xí)慣?！?/p>

45.因此，人類學(xué)中“文化”的概念就像數(shù)學(xué)中“集合”的概念一樣，是一個抽象概念，它使大量的具體研究和理解成為可能。

5.單選題

Thefirstthingpeoplerememberaboutfailingatmathisthatitfeltlikesuddendeath.Whethertheincidentoccurredwhilelearning“wordproblems”insixgrade,orcopingwithequationsinhighschool,orfirstconfrontingcalculusandstatisticsincollege,failurecamesuddenlyandinaveryfrighteningway!Ifassumethatthecurriculumwasreasonable,andthatthenewideawasbutnextinaseriesoflearnableconcepts,thefeelingofutterdefeatwassimplynotrational;yet“mathanxious”collegestudentsandadultshaverevealedthatnomatterhowmuchtheteacherreassuredthem,theycouldnotovercomethatfeeling.

Acommonmythaboutthenatureofmathematicalabilityholdsthatoneeitherhasordoesnothaveamathematicalmind.Mathematicalimaginationandanintuitivegraspofmathematicalprinciplesmaywellbeneededtodoadvancedresearch,butwhyshouldpeoplewhocandocollege-levelworkinothersubjectsnotbeabletodocollege-levelmathaswell?Ratesoflearningmayvary.Competencyundertimepressuremaydiffer.Certainlylowself-esteemwillgetintheway.Butwhereistheevidencethatastudentneedsa“mathematicalmind”inordertosucceedatlearningmath?

Considertheeffectsofthismythology.Sinceonlyafewpeoplearesupposedtohavethismathematicalmind,partofwhatmakesussopassiveinthefaceofourdifficultiesinlearningmathematicsisthatwesuspectallthewhilewemaynotbeoneof“them”,andwespendourtimewaitingtofindoutwhenournon-mathematicalmindswillbeexposed.Sinceourlimitwilleventuallybereached,weseenopointinbeingmethodicalofinattendingtodetail.Wearegratefulwhenwesurvivefractions-wordproblemsorgeometry.Ifthatcertainmomentoffailurehasn’tstruckyet,itisonlytemporarilypostponed.

Parents,especiallyparentsofgirls,oftenexpecttheirchildrentobenon-mathematical.Parentsareeitherpooratmathortheyfailedthemselves.Ineithercase,theyunwillinglyfostertheideathatamathematicalmindissomethingoneeitherhasordoesnothave.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whoarelikelytoexperiencemathanxiety?

2.Howwould“mathanxious”studentsprobablyreacttotheirfailureatmath?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabout“mathanxious”students?

4.Theauthorbelievesthat（

）.

5.Thepassagecouldbestbeentitledby（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Primaryschoolstudents.

B.Highschoolstudents.

C.Collegestudents.

D.Alloftheabove.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Slowdowntheirlessons.

B.Askmorequestionsthannecessary.

C.Gototheteacherforreassurance

D.Panicandacceptthedefeat.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyrealizethatthefeelingofutterdefeatisirrational.

B.Theyassumethatthecurriculumisnotreasonable.

C.Theyfeelthenewideasaretoodifficultforthemtolearn.

D.Theyregardthenewideasasonlysomethingtobeencounterednextinaseriesoflearnableconcepts.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.apersoneitherhasordoesnothaveamathematicalmind

B.astudentneedsamathematicalmindtosucceedatlearningcollegelevelmath

C.peopledoingadvancedresearchinmathusuallyhavewhatiscalleda“mathematicalmind”

D.parentswhoarepooratmaththemselvesaremorelikelytoexpecttheirchildrentobenon-mathematical

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.MathAnxiety

B.OvercomingMathAnxiety

C.FailingtheMathExam

D.MathAnxiousStudents

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，有可能遭受焦慮的人是……”。文章第一段提到“不論這樣的情況出現(xiàn)在六年級，或者在應(yīng)對數(shù)學(xué)方程式的中，或者第一次面對微積分與統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的大學(xué)”（Whethertheincidentoccurredwhilelearning“wordproblems”insixgrade,orcopingwithequationsinhighschool,orfirstconfrontingcalculusandstatisticsincollege,failurecamesuddenlyandinaveryfrighteningway!），由此可知，各個學(xué)習(xí)階段都會碰上數(shù)學(xué)難題，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“遭遇‘?dāng)?shù)學(xué)焦慮’的學(xué)生對自己數(shù)學(xué)不及格的可能反應(yīng)是……”。文章第一段提到“徹底失敗的感覺是不理智的；然后數(shù)學(xué)焦慮的大學(xué)生和成年人發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論老師怎么安慰他們，他們都無法克服這種感覺”（thefeelingofutterdefeatwassimplynotrational;yet“mathanxious”collegestudentsandadultshaverevealedthatnomatterhowmuchtheteacherreassuredthem,theycouldnotovercomethatfeeling），選項(xiàng)D“恐慌并接受失敗”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“關(guān)于數(shù)學(xué)焦慮的學(xué)生，一下說法正確的是……”。文章第二段提到“但是為什么那些能做其他學(xué)科的大學(xué)水平作業(yè)的人卻不能做大學(xué)水平的數(shù)學(xué)題呢？”（butwhyshouldpeoplewhocandocollege-levelworkinothersubjectsnotbeabletodocollege-levelmathaswell?），選項(xiàng)C“他們感覺自己很難學(xué)習(xí)新內(nèi)容”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“作者認(rèn)為……”。文章最后一段提到“他們不愿意樹立這樣一個觀念，即有的人有數(shù)學(xué)頭腦，有的人沒有”（theyunwillinglyfostertheideathatamathematicalmindissomethingoneeitherhasordoesnothave），因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。題目問的是“本文最恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題是……”。全文講的都是跟數(shù)學(xué)焦慮（mathanxiety）相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Ascientistdoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable.Instead,healwayschecks,studiesandmakesexperimentscarefullyandobjectivelyto_____them.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.testify

B.verify

C.affirm

D.assert

【答案】B

【解析】詞義辨析動詞。A選項(xiàng)testifyv.證明，作證，證實(shí)；B選項(xiàng)verifyv.核實(shí)，查證；C選項(xiàng)affirmv.肯定，斷言；D選項(xiàng)assertv.維護(hù)，堅(jiān)持，斷言。根據(jù)句意邏輯，B項(xiàng)正確?！驹囶}答案】一個科學(xué)家不會接受不是基于完整論據(jù)論證的結(jié)論，事實(shí)上，他通常會檢查、鉆研、仔細(xì)客觀地做實(shí)驗(yàn)，從而證實(shí)這些假設(shè)。

7.單選題

Whenwesoldourranchandmovedtotown,motherhaddecided______openadaynursery.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.on

C.in

D.for

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：當(dāng)我們賣掉農(nóng)場搬到鎮(zhèn)上時(shí)，母親決定開一個日間托兒所。decidetodosth.是固定搭配，意為“決定做某事”。其他三項(xiàng)不能和decide搭配。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

（

）everdevelopedwascelluloid,acombinationofnaturalcamphorandcellulosenitrate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thefirstplasticand

B.Beingthefirstplastic

C.Thefirstplastic

D.Itwasthefirstplastic

【答案】C

【解析】考查主語。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，已有謂語動詞was，缺少主語，因此選C。

句意：首先開發(fā)的是賽璐珞，一種天然樟腦和硝酸纖維素的混合物。

9.單選題

AreportsubmittedtotheUnitedStatesCongressin1971emphaticallyrecommendeda（）nationalefforttoadoptmetricsystem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.concerted

B.representative

C.respective

D.spontaneous

【答案】D

【解析】concerted協(xié)調(diào)的,協(xié)定的；representative典型的；respective分別的,各自的；spontaneous

自發(fā)的,無意識的。句意：1971年提交給美國國會的一份報(bào)告著重建議各國自發(fā)地努力采用公制系統(tǒng)。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

10.單選題

Thesupplyofapplesexceedsthe（）thisyear.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.request

B.claim

C.requirement

D.demand

【答案】D

【解析】句意：今年的蘋果供不應(yīng)求。supply供給對應(yīng)demand需求。選項(xiàng)D更符合。

11.單選題

Rachelwasthe（

）choiceforthejobthankstohercommunicationskills

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unanimous

B.genuine

C.harmonious

D.agreeable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。unanimous“意見一致的；無異議的”；genuine“真實(shí)的；誠懇的”；harmonious“和諧的；協(xié)調(diào)的”；agreeable“令人愉快的；合適的”。句意：蕾切爾因?yàn)槌錾慕涣骷寄艹蔀檫@份工作無異議的人選。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.單選題

Onlywhenfacedwithoverwhelmingevidenceofbeingtreateddifferentlythanthemenwhosurroundedme（），briefly,withthenotionthatIwasdifferentingender-relatedwaysfrommymalecolleagues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatIdealt

B.Idealt

C.thenIdealt

D.didIdeal

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法知識。only位于句首時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的句子為部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。only后緊跟的是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，因此使用正常語序，主句則需要倒裝。D選項(xiàng)符合題意

13.單選題

______ourkindnesstohelpher,Susanrefusedtolistentous.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Atall

B.Forall

C.Inall

D.Onall

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)Atall“（否定句）根本”；B選項(xiàng)Forall“盡管”；C選項(xiàng)Inall“總計(jì)”；D選項(xiàng)Onall“總的來說”。句意：______我們好心地幫助蘇珊，她不聽我們的。根據(jù)語境，這里應(yīng)該填入連詞表示邏輯關(guān)系，前后對比表示轉(zhuǎn)折符合語境，B選項(xiàng)Forall“盡管”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

（）herfamousfamily,VictoriaBeckhambroughtasexyvisionoffall/wintertoNewYorkrunawayshowSundayandconfidedplanstoopenasecondstoreinAsia.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Confrontedwith

B.Acquaintedwith

C.Supportedby

D.Cheeredby

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組詞義辨析。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空缺處為過去分詞作狀語。A選項(xiàng)Confrontedwith表示“面臨，面對”，B選項(xiàng)Acquaintedwith表示“熟悉，了解，與……相識”，C選項(xiàng)Supportedby表示“由……支持”，D選項(xiàng)Cheeredby表示“受到……的喝彩”。由后文關(guān)鍵信息“confidedplanstoopenasecondstoreinAsia”可知，維多利亞?貝克漢姆在時(shí)裝秀上透露了她要在亞洲開第二家店的計(jì)劃。由此可知，她受到了家人的支持，因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

15.單選題

Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Alllivingcreatures，especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud，feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?

Forsomefiftymillionyears，despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyitstubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflats.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.

Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddish-browntosand-coloredandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumber-shaped—hencetheirname—andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants,thisshape,combinedwith(heirflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.

Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveatalowmetabolicrate—feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidetheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty.theywoulddevourallthefoodavaila-bleinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.

Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs.Whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintothewater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched;itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorthewaterbecomestoopolluted.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumberimportant?

2.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses（）

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedefensemechanismsoftheseacucumber?

4.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTcauseaseacucumbertoreleaseitsinternalorgansintothewater?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseithelpsthemdigestfood.

B.Becauseithelpsthemprotectthemselvesfromdanger.

C.Becauseitmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughmud.

D.Becauseitmakesthemattractivetofish.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thereproductionofseacucumbers

B.thefoodsourcesofseacucumbers

C.theeatinghabitsofseacucumbers

D.threatstoseacucumbers'existence

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareverysensitivetothesurroundingstimuli.

B.Theyarealmostuseless.

C.Theyrequiregroupcooperation.

D.Theyaresimilartothoseofmostseacreatures.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Atouch

B.Food

C.Unusuallywarmwater

D.Pollution

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.”?？芍⒌念伾托螤钍顾鼈兛梢圆剡M(jìn)裂縫中，可以遠(yuǎn)離捕食者，更好地保護(hù)自己。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.主旨題。根據(jù)第四段，“Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight..”。海參的胃口很大，可以晝夜不停地吃?？芍谒亩沃饕懻摵⒌娘嬍沉?xí)慣。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched”一受到攻擊甚至是觸摸，海參把內(nèi)臟會噴射到水里然后重生，可推斷出海參對外界的攻擊反應(yīng)是很靈敏的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“…ifitisattackedoreventouched…ifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorthewaterbecomestoopolluted.”。可知水溫、水污染、攻擊或者觸碰都會使海參有反應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

16.單選題

Asautomationbecamepopularinmostfactories,laborwasmade（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disincentive

B.redundant

C.diverse

D.discontent

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析。disincentive妨礙活動的；redundant因人員過剩而被解雇的，多余的；diverse不同的，多種多樣的；discontent不滿的。句意:隨著自動化在大多數(shù)工廠的普及，勞動力被了。因此B項(xiàng)符合句意。

17.單選題

We’dbetter（

）thewholeplaceincaseit’sbeenbugged.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.leavealone

B.checkout

C.takedown

D.pulldown

【答案】B

【解析】leavealone不管,不打擾；checkout檢查；takedown拿下,記下；pulldown推翻,摧毀。句意:我們最好把整個地方都檢查一下,以防被安了竊聽器。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

18.單選題

Howeverimportantwemayregardschoollifetobe,thereisnogainsayingthefactthatchildrenspendmoretimeathomethanintheclassroom.Thereforethegreatinfluenceofparentscannotbeignoredordiscountedbytheteacher.Theycanbecomestrongalliesoftheschoolpersonnelortheycanconsciouslyhinderandthwartcurricularobjectives.

Administratorshavebeenawareoftheneedtokeepparentsinformedofthenewermethodsusedinschools.Manyprincipalshaveconductedworkshopsexplainingsuchmattersasthereadingreadinessprogram,manuscriptwriting,anddevelopmentalmathematics.

Moreover,theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.Themanyinterviewscarriedonduringtheyearsaswellasnewwaysofreportingpupilsprogress,cansignificantlyaidinachievingaharmoniousinterplaybetweenschoolandhome.

Toillustrate,supposethatafatherhasbeendrillingJuniorinarithmeticprocessesnightafternight.Inafriendlyinterview,theteachercanhelptheparentsublimatehisnaturalpaternalinterestintoproductivechannels.HemightbepersuadedtoletJuniorparticipateindiscussingthefamilybudget,buyingthefood,usingayardstickormeasuringcupathome,settingtheclock,calculatingmileageonatrip,andengaginginscoresofotheractivitiesthathaveamathematicalbasis.

Ifthefatherfollowstheadvice,itisreasonabletoassumethathewillsoonrealizehissonismakingsatisfactoryprogressinmathematicsand,atthesametime,enjoyingthework.

Toooften,however,teachers’conferenceswithparentsaredevotedtopettyaccountsofchildren’smisdemeanors,complaintsaboutlazinessandpoorworkhabits,andsuggestionsforpenaltiesandrewardsathome.

Whatisneededismorecreativeapproachinwhichtheteacher,asaprofessionaladviser,plantsideasinparents’mindsforthebestutilizationofthemanyhoursthatthechildspendsoutoftheclassroom.

Inthisway,theschoolandthehomejoinforcesinfosteringthefullestdevelopmentofyoungsters’capacities.

1.Thecentralideaconveyedinthepassageisthat（

）.

2.Theauthordirectlydiscussesthefactthat（

）.

3.Itcanreasonablybeinferredthattheauthor（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthat（

）.

5.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthispassageisto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hometrainingismoreimportantthanschooltrainingbecauseachildspendssomanyhourswithhisparents

B.teacherscanandshouldhelpparentstounderstandandfurthertheobjectivesoftheschool

C.parentsunwittinglyhavehinderedandthwartedcurricularobjectives

D.therearemanywaysinwhichthemathematicsprogramcanbeimplementedathome

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.parentsdrilltheirchildrentoomuchinarithmetic

B.principalshaveexplainedthenewartprogramstoparents

C.afathercanhavehissonhelphimconstructarticlesathome

D.aparent’smisguidedeffortscanberedirectedtoproperchannels

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.believesthatschoolsarelackinginguidancepersonnel

B.believespresentrelationshipsbetweenhomeandschoolaresatisfying

C.feelsthatthetraditionalprograminmathematicsisslightlysuperiortothedevelopmentalprogram

D.feelsthatparentteacherinterviewscanbemademuchmoreconstructivethantheyareatpresent.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.participationininterestingactivitiesrelatingtoaschoolsubjectimprovesone’sachievementinthatarea

B.schoolprincipalsdomorethantheirshareininterpretingthecurriculumtotheparents

C.onlyasmallpartoftheschooldayshouldbesetapartfordrillinginarithmetic

D.toomanychildrenarelazyandhavepoorworkhabits

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.tellparentstopaymoreattentiontotheguidanceofteachersinthematterofeducationalactivitiesinthehome

B.helpensurethateverychild’scapacitiescanfullydevelopwhenheleavesschool

C.urgeteachersandschooladministratorstomakeuseofamuchunderusedresourceoftheparents

D.improvetheteachingapproachinmathematicsinandoutsidetheclassroom

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，第一段提出父母對孩子的影響是不容忽視的，接下來的內(nèi)容主要是討論如何幫助家長理解并且推進(jìn)學(xué)校目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵——教師。所以選項(xiàng)B更能概括全文。

2.根據(jù)第三段第一句“theclassroomteacher,withthepermissionofthesupervisors,canalsoplayanimportantroleinenlighteningparents.”課堂老師在得到上級允許的情況下，也可以起到啟發(fā)家長的重要作用。第三段列舉了具體的例子，所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容，作為一名專業(yè)顧問，教師最需要的是一種創(chuàng)造性的方法和家長溝通，以便他們知道如何有效的利用孩子們的課外時(shí)間。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為教師和家長之間的溝通可以更進(jìn)一步，更具有建設(shè)性意義。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第四五段的內(nèi)容可知，作者暗示參加與學(xué)校課程有關(guān)的有趣活動可以提高一個人在該領(lǐng)域的成就。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，本文強(qiáng)調(diào)父母的巨大影響不能被老師忽視或輕視，學(xué)校要和家庭聯(lián)合起來，合力促進(jìn)青少年能力的全面發(fā)展。所以作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了敦促教師和學(xué)校管理者利用家長這個未得到充分利用的資源。選項(xiàng)C正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

19.單選題

Heclaimsthatadvertisingtodaytendstoportraywomenintraditionalrolessuchascookingortakingcareofthebaby.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.depict

B.advocate

C.criticize

D.analyze

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。句意：他聲稱，如今的廣告傾向于將女性塑造成做飯或照顧孩子等傳統(tǒng)角色。選項(xiàng)A與劃線部分意思最為接近。

20.單選題

Thecouplehasdonatedanot（）amountofmoneytothefoundation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inconsiderable

B.inconsiderate

C.inaccurate

D.incomparable

【答案】A

【解析】句意:這對夫婦為這個基金會己經(jīng)捐獻(xiàn)了不少錢。

考查形容詞辨析。inconsiderable小的,不値得考慮的,微不足道的；inconsiderate輕率的,不顧別人的;inaccurate不精確的,不準(zhǔn)確的；incomparable無可匹敵的,不能比較的。故A符合句意。

21.單選題

TheUnitedStatesFoodandDragAdministrationhasshownitselftobeparticularlywarywithregardtoalleged“miracle”drugsinrecentyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bellicose

B.exhausted

C.cautious

D.strange

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)bellicose“好戰(zhàn)的”；B選項(xiàng)exhausted“精疲力竭的”；C選項(xiàng)cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的”；D選項(xiàng)strange“奇怪的”。句意：近年來，美國食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局對所謂的神藥的態(tài)度開始特別謹(jǐn)慎。根據(jù)語境，C選項(xiàng)cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的”比較符合對miracledrugs“神藥”的態(tài)度，和wary“謹(jǐn)慎的”同義，符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

22.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingChinesepassageintoEnglish

全球化對發(fā)達(dá)國家和發(fā)展中國家都是一個挑戰(zhàn)。隨著全球化的發(fā)展，世界各國之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作不斷加強(qiáng)。中國擁有一個13億人口的大市場，會為拉動世界的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供可觀的動力。中國還要大規(guī)模開展基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)，改造和提升工業(yè)企業(yè)裝備水平，還要不斷提高農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)和加工能力。這些都需要在國際合作的環(huán)境中才能實(shí)現(xiàn)，各國之間不斷擴(kuò)大的經(jīng)貿(mào)和各領(lǐng)域的合作關(guān)系，有助于推動世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。

【答案】Globalizationisachallengeforboththedevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Withthedevelopmentofglobalization,theeconomiccooperationamongcountriesaroundtheworldhasbeenstrengthenedconstantly.Chinahasamarketasbigas1.3billionpeople,whichwillgivesubstantialimpetustoboosttheworldeconomy.Chinawillcontinueitslarge-scaleinfrastructureprogram,upgradeitsindustrialequipmentandimproveitsagriculturalproductionaswellasprocessingcapability.Alltheaboverequiresanenvironmentofinternationalcooperation.Cooperationamongcountriesaroundtheworldineconomyandtradeandalsoinotherfieldsareconducivetothegrowthoftheworldeconomy.

23.單選題

Hethinksaboutnothingbutplayingchess.He’scompletely______toit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.addicted

B.ascribed

C.tempted

D.overcome

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.addicted沉溺于，入迷，上癮B.ascribed歸于，歸咎于

C.tempted引誘，吸引D.overcome戰(zhàn)勝，克服

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵信息“Hethinksaboutnothingbutplayingchess（他只想著下棋）”可知，他對下棋入了迷，除了這件事無心去做其他。因此，只有A選項(xiàng)詞義最符合句意。且固定搭配“beaddictedto”表示“對……上癮，沉溺于”。故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)beascribedto（歸結(jié)于）、C項(xiàng)betemptedto（受誘惑做某事）和D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】他只想著下棋。他完全上癮了。

24.單選題

Whenyouleaveajobwithatraditionalpension,don'tassumeyou'velostthechancetocollectit.You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow."Alotofpeopleforgettheyhaveit,ortheythinkthatbywaitinguntilthey're65,they'llhaveabiggerbenefit,"saysWayneBogosian,presidentofthePFEGroup,whichprovidescorporatepre-retirementeducation.

Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.Ifit'slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000.Ifyourpensionisworthmorethan$5,000,oryourcompanydoesn'tofferthelump-sumoption,findouthowmuchmoneyyou'reeligibleforattheplan'snormalretirementage,theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.You'llprobablystillcomeoutaheadbytakingthemoneynowandinvestingit.

Whatifyouleftajobyearsago,andyou'rerealizingyoumayhaveunwittinglyleftbehindapension?GethelpfromthePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporation.Ithasanonlinesearchtoolthathashelpedlocate$47millioninlostbenefitsformorethan12,000workers.

Ifyouhaveatraditionalpension,retiringearlycostsmorethanyoumightexpect.Mostpeopleassumeyoutakeaproportionalcutforleavingbeforeyourplan'snormalretirementage.Forexample,youmightthinkthatifyouneedtoaccrue30yearsofserviceandyouleavethreeyearsearly,you'dgetapension90percentofthefullamount.

Butthat'snothowitworks.Instead,youtakeanactuarialreduction,determinedbytheemployerbutoftenaround5%ayear,foreachyearyouleaveearly.Soretiringthreeyearsearlycouldleaveyouwithonly85%ofthetotalamount.

Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.Ifyouretirewhenyou're55,forexample,andstartusingthetraditionalpensionthen,byage65you'llhaveonlyabouthalfofwhatyouwould'vehadifyou'dkeptworkinguntil65.

1.Whenoneleavesajobwithatraditionalpension（）.

2.Iftheretiree'spensionislessthan$5,000,itiswiseofhimto（）.

3.Ifoneretiresearlywithadefined-contributionplan,heisexpectedto（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthesubtitleforthelastthreeparagraphs?

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSE?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hetendstoforgetthathehasthepension

B.hehasnorighttoaskforthepension

C.he'llhaveabiggerbenefitthanifhewaitsuntiltheageof65

D.hehasaspecifiedworthofpension

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.askthecompanyforalump-sumpayout

B.requirehisformerbosstofigureoutthevalueofhispension

C.takethepensionwithhimandmakeaprofitoutofit

D.collectthepensionathisretirementplan'snormalretirementage

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.earnlessinterest

B.bebetteroilthanwithatraditionalpension

C.startinvestmentimmediately

D.getlessSocialSecuritybenefits

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.YourPayoutIsNotGuaranteed

B.LeaveEarly,LoseBig

C.TheRetirementDilemma

D.TakethePensionwithYou

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Ifoneleaves3yearsearlyona30-year-servicebasis,hewon'tgetapensionworth27/30.

B.Itpaystogetanearlyretirementifoneunderstandshowretirementpensionplanworks.

C.ThePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporationhelpstheretireetorecoverlostbenefits.

D.Ifonekeepshisexpenseswithinhisretirementframework,hewon'tbeseverelyaffected.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第一段You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow以及第二段Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.可知，如果你之前的工作有傳統(tǒng)養(yǎng)老金，那么退休之后你就得到一筆一定數(shù)目的養(yǎng)老金。故本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問：如果退休人員的養(yǎng)老金賬戶不足5000美元，他怎么做會比較明智。根據(jù)原文第二段Ifit’slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsat8%interestis$23,000可知，如果少